See graven on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for graven meaning in All languages combined (31.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "igraven"
},
"expansion": "igraven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafen"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġegrafen"
},
"expansion": "ġegrafen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną",
"t": "to dig, trench"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graven, igraven, from Old English grafen, ġegrafen, from Proto-Germanic *grabanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 57 11 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English adjectives ending in -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 75 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 71 3 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 65 8 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, James De Mille, The Cryptogram, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2009",
"text": "Deep lines were graven on her pale forehead, and on her wan, thin cheeks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of grave"
],
"id": "en-graven-en-verb-9x4~flDH",
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "igraven"
},
"expansion": "igraven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafen"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġegrafen"
},
"expansion": "ġegrafen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną",
"t": "to dig, trench"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graven, igraven, from Old English grafen, ġegrafen, from Proto-Germanic *grabanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "graven (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "graven image"
}
],
"glosses": [
"carved, engraved"
],
"id": "en-graven-en-adj-UwZzEog7",
"links": [
[
"carved",
"carved"
],
[
"engraved",
"engraved"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "gegraveerd"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mefusál",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מפוסל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "meguláf",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מגולף"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tavúa",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טבוע"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "grábháilte"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "greanta"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "graven",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "graven (adjective)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From graven (adjective) above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gravens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gravening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven (third-person singular simple present gravens, present participle gravening, simple past and past participle gravened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Thomas Doolittle, A treatise concerning the Lord's Supper",
"text": "I saw I was not only gravened upon the palms of his hands, or set as a seal upon his arm, but I was pourtrayed upon his heart.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make graven or engraved"
],
"id": "en-graven-en-verb-AMBbiIQh",
"links": [
[
"engraved",
"engraved"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To make graven or engraved"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "inchoative",
"pos1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "grave (adjective) + -en",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grave (adjective) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gravens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gravening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven (third-person singular simple present gravens, present participle gravening, simple past and past participle gravened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Samuel W Herbert, Avenue",
"text": "Whatever it was that had cast a dark shadow and gravened the faces of those normally ebullient people was much too complicated for me to understand.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or become grave (serious or sombre)"
],
"id": "en-graven-en-verb-dvsE5QIw",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or become grave (serious or sombre)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present indicative of gravar"
],
"id": "en-graven-ca-verb-RGeFaE9I",
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "graven c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grav"
],
"id": "en-graven-da-noun-vt-LPveq",
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "aangraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "afgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "begraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "diepgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "doorgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gegraaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graafbaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graafijzer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graafmachine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graafwesp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ingraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "omgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ondergraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ontgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "opengraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "opgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "uitgraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "vergraven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "weggraven"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "graaf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: graaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: graaf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "xrâve"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "graav",
"3": "graev"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: graav, graev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: graav, graev"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "frk",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro",
"inh": "5"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grāven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grāven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gravan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*graban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *graban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grāven, from Old Dutch gravan, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "graaf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graaf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegraven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "graaf",
"2": "groef",
"3": "graven",
"4": "grave",
"5": "groeve",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "graf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To dig physically."
],
"id": "en-graven-nl-verb-04bGZRC5",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) To dig physically."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To search for information."
],
"id": "en-graven-nl-verb-VvWQjLCP",
"links": [
[
"search",
"search"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "delven"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spitten"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of graf"
],
"id": "en-graven-nl-noun-S2jakkbb",
"links": [
[
"graf",
"graf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 72 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graaf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of graaf"
],
"id": "en-graven-nl-noun-HWITuo2r",
"links": [
[
"graaf",
"graaf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: graven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: graven"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "graaf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: graaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: graaf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "xrâve"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "graav",
"3": "graev"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: graav, graev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: graav, graev"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: grave"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "frk",
"3": "gmw-pro",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro",
"inh": "4"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gravan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch gravan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grāven",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groevet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "grāven",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "grāven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "grāven"
},
"expansion": "grāven",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grāv",
"2": "groev",
"3": "groev",
"4": "gegrāven",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig."
],
"id": "en-graven-dum-verb-3SaSr4e5",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To bury."
],
"id": "en-graven-dum-verb-6mRypUcr",
"links": [
[
"bury",
"bury"
]
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: grave (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: grave (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "engrave",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ English: engrave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ English: engrave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Scots: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: grave"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*graban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *graban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English grafan, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6 or weak in -ed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gravest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gravedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graveden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gravede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gravynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygraven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygrave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygraved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grav",
"2": "grof",
"3": "grov",
"4": "grav",
"c": "6",
"w": "ed",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gravere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 3 25 25 27 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "enm:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 9 2 6 6 38 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Burial",
"orig": "enm:Burial",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Society",
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To bury, especially to inhume or entomb."
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-NZRHi937",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"bury",
"bury"
],
[
"inhume",
"inhume"
],
[
"entomb",
"entomb"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 41 4 10 8 26 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "enm:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To dig up the ground (for agriculture, excavation, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-fDBxA-dV",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture#English"
],
[
"excavation",
"excavation#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To dig into one's hands."
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-6cu5h2kI",
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"(rare) To dig into one's hands."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 3 25 25 27 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "enm:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To carve or engrave (with inscriptions or carvings)"
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-xKk~6xia",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"engrave",
"engrave"
],
[
"inscription",
"inscription#English"
],
[
"carving",
"carving#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 3 3 25 25 27 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "enm:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To sculpt; to carve with a chisel."
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-pZDLVlZh",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"sculpt",
"sculpt"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 20 5 8 4 49 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 21 5 7 4 47 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 3 3 25 25 27 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Appearance",
"orig": "enm:Appearance",
"parents": [
"Perception",
"Body",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 9 2 6 6 38 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Burial",
"orig": "enm:Burial",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Society",
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 10 10 15 30 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Crafts",
"orig": "enm:Crafts",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To adorn with precious metal."
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-0X~8DOg4",
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To impress deeply on the mind."
],
"id": "en-graven-enm-verb-2t1u6SfG",
"links": [
[
"impress",
"impress"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To impress deeply on the mind."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡraːvən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grafe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "grave"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gravyn"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "graven m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grav‧en"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grav"
],
"id": "en-graven-nb-noun-xh0eMO29",
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑːʋn̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːʋn̩"
},
{
"audio": "nb-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg/Nb-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grava"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "graven m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grav‧en"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grave"
],
"id": "en-graven-nb-noun-z48RDGyE",
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑːʋn̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːʋn̩"
},
{
"audio": "nb-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg/Nb-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grava"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "68 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-graven-es-verb-IfXiSHDe",
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"id": "en-graven-es-verb-P1w27kzz",
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grav"
],
"id": "en-graven-sv-noun-vt-LPveq",
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person plural present indicative of gravar"
],
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "c"
},
"expansion": "graven c",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish non-lemma forms",
"Danish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grav"
],
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Danish"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch class 6 strong verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch terms derived from Frankish",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Frankish",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch terms with homophones",
"Dutch verbs",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aangraven"
},
{
"word": "afgraven"
},
{
"word": "begraven"
},
{
"word": "diepgraven"
},
{
"word": "doorgraven"
},
{
"word": "gegraaf"
},
{
"word": "graafbaar"
},
{
"word": "graafijzer"
},
{
"word": "graafmachine"
},
{
"word": "graafwesp"
},
{
"word": "graver"
},
{
"word": "ingraven"
},
{
"word": "omgraven"
},
{
"word": "ondergraven"
},
{
"word": "ontgraven"
},
{
"word": "opengraven"
},
{
"word": "opgraven"
},
{
"word": "uitgraven"
},
{
"word": "vergraven"
},
{
"word": "weggraven"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "graaf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: graaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: graaf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "xrâve"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "graav",
"3": "graev"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: graav, graev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: graav, graev"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "frk",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro",
"inh": "5"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "grāven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch grāven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gravan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*graban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *graban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch grāven, from Old Dutch gravan, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "graaf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graaf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravend",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegraven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "graaf",
"2": "groef",
"3": "graven",
"4": "grave",
"5": "groeve",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "nl-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "graf"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch intransitive verbs",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To dig physically."
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive or intransitive) To dig physically."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To search for information."
],
"links": [
[
"search",
"search"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "delven"
},
{
"word": "spitten"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of graf"
],
"links": [
[
"graf",
"graf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːvən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gra‧ven"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "graaf"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of graaf"
],
"links": [
[
"graaf",
"graaf#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣraː.və(n)/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːvən"
},
{
"homophone": "Graven"
},
{
"audio": "nl-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg/Nl-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Nl-graven.ogg"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verb forms",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən/2 syllables",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "igraven"
},
"expansion": "igraven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafen"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġegrafen"
},
"expansion": "ġegrafen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną",
"t": "to dig, trench"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graven, igraven, from Old English grafen, ġegrafen, from Proto-Germanic *grabanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, James De Mille, The Cryptogram, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2009",
"text": "Deep lines were graven on her pale forehead, and on her wan, thin cheeks.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of grave"
],
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"English verb forms",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən/2 syllables",
"Translation table header lacks gloss"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "graven image"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English graven",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "igraven"
},
"expansion": "igraven",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafen"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġegrafen"
},
"expansion": "ġegrafen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabanaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabanaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną",
"t": "to dig, trench"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English graven, igraven, from Old English grafen, ġegrafen, from Proto-Germanic *grabanaz, past participle of Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig, trench”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "graven (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"carved, engraved"
],
"links": [
[
"carved",
"carved"
],
[
"engraved",
"engraved"
]
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "gegraveerd"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "mefusál",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מפוסל"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "meguláf",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "מגולף"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tavúa",
"sense": "Translations",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טבוע"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "grábháilte"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Translations",
"word": "greanta"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "graven",
"pos": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "graven (adjective)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From graven (adjective) above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gravens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gravening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven (third-person singular simple present gravens, present participle gravening, simple past and past participle gravened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Thomas Doolittle, A treatise concerning the Lord's Supper",
"text": "I saw I was not only gravened upon the palms of his hands, or set as a seal upon his arm, but I was pourtrayed upon his heart.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make graven or engraved"
],
"links": [
[
"engraved",
"engraved"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, archaic) To make graven or engraved"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives ending in -en",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms suffixed with -en (inchoative)",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən",
"Rhymes:English/eɪvən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave",
"3": "-en",
"id2": "inchoative",
"pos1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "grave (adjective) + -en",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From grave (adjective) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gravens",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gravening",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "gravened",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "graven (third-person singular simple present gravens, present participle gravening, simple past and past participle gravened)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2012, Samuel W Herbert, Avenue",
"text": "Whatever it was that had cast a dark shadow and gravened the faces of those normally ebullient people was much too complicated for me to understand.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make or become grave (serious or sombre)"
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"grave",
"grave"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To make or become grave (serious or sombre)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-eɪvən"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch class 6 strong verbs",
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Frankish",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Frankish",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "graven"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: graven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: graven"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "graaf"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: graaf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: graaf"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "xrâve"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: xrâve"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "graav",
"3": "graev"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: graav, graev",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: graav, graev"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "li",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Limburgish: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limburgish: grave"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "frk",
"3": "gmw-pro",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro",
"inh": "4"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "gravan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch gravan",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch gravan.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "grāven",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "groeves",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groevet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "groeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graf",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grāeft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvet",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grāvende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gegrāven",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"head": "grāven",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "grāven",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "grāven"
},
"expansion": "grāven",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grāv",
"2": "groev",
"3": "groev",
"4": "gegrāven",
"class": "6"
},
"name": "dum-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To dig."
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To bury."
],
"links": [
[
"bury",
"bury"
]
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"enm:Agriculture",
"enm:Appearance",
"enm:Burial",
"enm:Crafts"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grave",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "English: grave (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: grave (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "engrave",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ English: engrave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ English: engrave"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "grave"
},
"expansion": "Scots: grave",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: grave"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "grafan"
},
"expansion": "Old English grafan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*graban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *graban",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*grabaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *grabaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English grafan, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-st",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "6 or weak in -ed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gravest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gravedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grof",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "groven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grove",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graveden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gravede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "graveth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gravynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gravende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "graven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "grave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "graved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygraven",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygrave",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ygraved",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grav",
"2": "grof",
"3": "grov",
"4": "grav",
"c": "6",
"w": "ed",
"y": "2"
},
"name": "enm-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "grave"
},
{
"word": "gravere"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To bury, especially to inhume or entomb."
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"bury",
"bury"
],
[
"inhume",
"inhume"
],
[
"entomb",
"entomb"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To dig up the ground (for agriculture, excavation, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture#English"
],
[
"excavation",
"excavation#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"To dig into one's hands."
],
"links": [
[
"dig",
"dig"
],
[
"excavate",
"excavate"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To dig or excavate:",
"(rare) To dig into one's hands."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To carve or engrave (with inscriptions or carvings)"
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"engrave",
"engrave"
],
[
"inscription",
"inscription#English"
],
[
"carving",
"carving#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To sculpt; to carve with a chisel."
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"sculpt",
"sculpt"
],
[
"chisel",
"chisel"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To carve or adorn:",
"To adorn with precious metal."
],
"links": [
[
"carve",
"carve"
],
[
"adorn",
"adorn"
],
[
"metal",
"metal"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To impress deeply on the mind."
],
"links": [
[
"impress",
"impress"
],
[
"mind",
"mind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) To impress deeply on the mind."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡraːvən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grafe"
},
{
"word": "grave"
},
{
"word": "gravyn"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "graven m or f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grav‧en"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite masculine singular of grav"
],
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑːʋn̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːʋn̩"
},
{
"audio": "nb-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg/Nb-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grava"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "graven m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"grav‧en"
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grave"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grave"
],
"links": [
[
"grave",
"grave#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡrɑːʋn̩/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑːʋn̩"
},
{
"audio": "nb-graven.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg/Nb-graven.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nb-graven.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grava"
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"categories": [
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural present subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gravar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n## third-person plural present subjunctive\n## third-person plural imperative",
"third-person plural imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"gravar",
"gravar#Spanish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of gravar:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "graven",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish non-lemma forms",
"Swedish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "grav"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular of grav"
],
"links": [
[
"grav",
"grav#Swedish"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "graven"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.