See crook on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for crook meaning in All languages combined (36.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "apple crook"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "arm in crook"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "by hook or by crook"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "by hook or crook"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crook in the lot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crook of the arm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pool at the crook"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "throw-crook"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crok"
},
"expansion": "crok",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*crōc",
"t": "hook, bend, crook"
},
"expansion": "Old English *crōc (“hook, bend, crook”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krōkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "bend, hook"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krōkaz (“bend, hook”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greg-",
"4": "",
"5": "tracery, basket, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“tracery, basket, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kreuk",
"3": "",
"4": "a bend, fold, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kreuk (“a bend, fold, wrinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krake",
"3": "",
"4": "fold, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "krake (“fold, wrinkle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "krog",
"3": "",
"4": "crook, hook"
},
"expansion": "Danish krog (“crook, hook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krok",
"3": "",
"4": "crook, hook"
},
"expansion": "Swedish krok (“crook, hook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krókur",
"3": "",
"4": "hook"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krókur (“hook”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croke, crok, from Old English *crōc (“hook, bend, crook”), from Proto-West Germanic *krōk, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz (“bend, hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“tracery, basket, bend”).\nCognate with Dutch kreuk (“a bend, fold, wrinkle”), Middle Low German kroke, krake (“fold, wrinkle”), Danish krog (“crook, hook”), Swedish krok (“crook, hook”), Icelandic krókur (“hook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crook (plural crooks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She held the baby in the crook of her arm.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1842, William Edward Hoskins, De Valencourt",
"text": "he walks bye lanes, and crooks",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bend; turn; curve; curvature; a flexure."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-T0ifjSHR",
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature"
],
[
"flexure",
"flexure"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvivka",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "извивка"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ohbí"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ohyb"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhyb"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a bend",
"word": "taive"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "courbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívina",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кри́вина"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gancho"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curva"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izgíb",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "изги́б"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doblez"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curva"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curvidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "64 8 8 0 0 20 0 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torcedura"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bending of the knee; a genuflection."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-e8RmHbt4",
"links": [
[
"genuflection",
"genuflection"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the crook of a cane",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bent or curved part; a curving piece or portion (of anything)."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-2gyFUe6a",
"links": [
[
"bent",
"bent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A lock or curl of hair."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-UuceoBHc",
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
],
[
"curl",
"curl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A lock or curl of hair."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A support beam consisting of a post with a cross-beam resting upon it; a bracket or truss consisting of a vertical piece, a horizontal piece, and a strut."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-XFPlZAa9",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A support beam consisting of a post with a cross-beam resting upon it; a bracket or truss consisting of a vertical piece, a horizontal piece, and a strut."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, The New English Bible with the Apocrypha, Oxford Study Edition, published 1976, Oxford University Press, Psalms 23-4, p.583",
"text": "Even though I walk through a / valley dark as death / I fear no evil, for thou art with me, / thy staff and thy crook are my / comfort."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A specialized staff with a semi-circular bend (a \"hook\") at one end used by shepherds to control their herds."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-aUYSfGZO",
"links": [
[
"staff",
"staff"
],
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gega",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гега"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "pastýřská hůl"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herdersstaf"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "käyräsauva"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "houlette"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caxato"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳavi",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "კავი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳauč̣i",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "კაუჭი"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "Krücke"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "de",
"english": "crutch, cane",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "Krückstock"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hirtenstab"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krummstab"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gklítsa",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γκλίτσα"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kalaûrops",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "καλαῦροψ"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khaîos",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χαῖος"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hirðingjastafur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crúca"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caimín"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camóg"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pastorale"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vincastro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pedum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "agolum"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kŕluk",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кр́лук"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívak",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кри́вак"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "géga",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ге́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cajado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pósox",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́сох"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cayado"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 3 3 1 5 66 10 3 4 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "herdestav"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bishop's standard staff of office."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-mAW6dp8a",
"links": [
[
"bishop",
"bishop"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1547, Thomas Cranmer, Against Transubstantiation",
"text": "for all your brags, hooks, and crooks",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An artifice; a trick; a contrivance."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-7fCon6AT",
"links": [
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"contrivance",
"contrivance"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 2 14 8 3 2 2 4 5 2 2 39 2 2 1 1 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Corruption",
"orig": "en:Corruption",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Politics",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 2 3 4 2 4 6 2 2 37 8 5 0 3 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "en:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 18 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 0 17 16 0 0 9 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1973 November 17, Richard Nixon, reported 1973 November 18, The Washington Post, Nixon Tells Editors, ‘I'm Not a Crook’,\n\"People have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I′m not a crook. I′ve earned everything I′ve got.\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things; a criminal."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-ayqst7Mo",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 0 0",
"sense": "criminal",
"word": "criminal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fırıldaqçı"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "aferist"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "julik"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "bg",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krádec",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́дец"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "騙子"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "piànzi",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "骗子"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podvodník"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "křivák"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podrazák"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oplichter"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oplichtster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwendelaar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zwendelaarster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afzetter"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "afzetster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bedrieger"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bedriegster"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fikomercisto"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fripono"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "rikollinen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "konna"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escroc"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "arnaqueur"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gauner"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ganove"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apateónas",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απατεώνας"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glæpamaður"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þorpari"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "maling"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "bajingan"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bithiúnach"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "furfante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladro"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truffatore"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"alt": "さぎし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sagishi",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "詐欺師"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "mk",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krádec",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́дец"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skurk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vebräakja"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ladra"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vor",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вор"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plut",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плут"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mošénnik",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "моше́нник"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žúlik",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жу́лик"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ло́пов"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lópov"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lopov"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrón"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ladrona"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ratero"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ratera"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truhán"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "truhana"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "maleante"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 2 0 3 2 0 2 84 1 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skurk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 18 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 0 17 16 0 0 9 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pothook."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-M4q2Xdlm",
"links": [
[
"pothook",
"pothook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Music",
"orig": "en:Music",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Sound",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small tube, usually curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc., to change its pitch or key."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-noun-wIRJPSya",
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A small tube, usually curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc., to change its pitch or key."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "crooked"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crook one's elbow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "knee-crooking"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crooken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crooken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croken"
},
"expansion": "croken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crokien"
},
"expansion": "crokien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*crōcian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *crōcian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krōkōn",
"t": "to bend, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krōkōn (“to bend, wrinkle”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kreuken",
"t": "to crease, rumple"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kreuken (“to crease, rumple”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kröken",
"t": "to bend, offend, suppress"
},
"expansion": "German Low German kröken (“to bend, offend, suppress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crooken, croken, crokien, from Old English *crōcian, from Proto-West Germanic *krōkōn (“to bend, wrinkle”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Dutch kreuken (“to crease, rumple”), German Low German kröken (“to bend, offend, suppress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crooking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crooked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crooked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crook (third-person singular simple present crooks, present participle crooking, simple past and past participle crooked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He crooked his finger toward me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1784, William Blake, Songs from, “An Island in the Moon”, in W. H. Stevenson, editor, Blake: The Complete Poems, 3rd edition, Routledge, published 2007, page 50",
"text": "For if a damsel's blind or lame, / Or nature's hand has crooked her frame, / Or if she's deaf or is wall-eyed; / Yet if her heart is well inclined, / Some tender lover she shall find / That panteth for a bride.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Leo Tolstoy, translated by Constance Garnett, Anna Karenina, Part 4, Chapter 5",
"text": "“[…]In the following cases: physical defect in the married parties, desertion without communication for five years,” he said, crooking a short finger covered with hair[…].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bend, or form into a hook."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-verb-bceqQkin",
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To bend, or form into a hook."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvivam",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "извивам"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "koukistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "courber"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "krümmen"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ískrivi",
"sense": "to bend",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "и́скриви"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívi",
"sense": "to bend",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кри́ви"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "croken"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "curvar"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sgibátʹ",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "сгиба́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "curvar"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "torcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "81 19 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "enchuecar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become bent or hooked."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-verb-K3D7mgZH",
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become bent or hooked."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 5 18 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 0 17 16 0 0 9 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Francis Bacon, “Of Wisdom For a Man's Self,”, in The Essays or Counsels, Civil and Moral",
"text": "The referring of all to a man's self, is more tolerable in a sovereign prince; because themselves are not only themselves, but their good and evil is at the peril of the public fortune. But it is a desperate evil, in a servant to a prince, or a citizen in a republic. For whatsoever affairs pass such a man's hands, he crooketh them to his own ends; which must needs be often eccentric to the ends of his master, or state.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn from the path of rectitude; to pervert; to misapply; to twist."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-verb-408XsPxm"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "crook as Rookwood"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crooked",
"3": "",
"4": "dishonestly come by"
},
"expansion": "crooked (“dishonestly come by”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From crooked (“dishonestly come by”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooker",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "crookest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crooker"
},
"expansion": "crook (comparative crooker, superlative crookest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "crook and nanny"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 16 1 7 2 0 16 6 0 1 4 3 2 0 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 18 20 2 5 2 0 9 5 0 1 4 1 2 0 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That work you did on my car is crook, mate."
},
{
"text": "Not turning up for training was pretty crook."
},
{
"ref": "1981, Herman Charles Bosman, The Collected Works of Herman Charles Bosman, page 101",
"text": "The soup was crook. It was onkus. A yellow-bellied platypus couldn′t drink it […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Robert Barnard, A Cry from the Dark, page 21",
"text": "Things are crook at home at the moment.\n“They′re always crook at my home.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bad, unsatisfactory, not up to standard."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-adj-~0UO-nR-",
"links": [
[
"standard",
"standard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Bad, unsatisfactory, not up to standard."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 18 20 2 5 2 0 9 5 0 1 4 1 2 0 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I′m feeling a bit crook."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ill, sick."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-adj-QERxseBp",
"links": [
[
"Ill",
"ill"
],
[
"sick",
"sick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Ill, sick."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 18 20 2 5 2 0 9 5 0 1 4 1 2 0 2 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 18 0 0 8 0 6 0 0 0 17 16 0 0 9 17",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "be crook at/about; go crook at"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Jimmy Butt, Felicity Dargan, I've Been Bloody Lucky: The Story of an Orphan Named Jimmy Butt, page 17",
"text": "Ann explained to the teacher what had happened and the nuns went crook at me too.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jo Wainer, Bess: Lost: Illegal Abortion Stories, page 159",
"text": "I went home on the tram, then Mum went crook at me because I was late getting home—I had tickets for Mum and her friend to go to the Regent that night and she was annoyed because I was late.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Ruby Langford Ginibi, Don′t Take Your Love to Town, page 100",
"text": "I went crook at them for not telling me and as soon as she was well enough I took her home to the camping area and she soon picked up.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Carolyn Landon, Cups With No Handles, page 234",
"text": "Mum went crook at me for wasting money, but when Don got a job and spent all his money on a racing bike, she didn′t say a thing to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Annoyed, angry; upset."
],
"id": "en-crook-en-adj-tIRtuT81",
"links": [
[
"Annoyed",
"annoyed"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"upset",
"upset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Annoyed, angry; upset."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crook",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "croken"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of croken"
],
"id": "en-crook-enm-verb-iQzUbHQX",
"links": [
[
"croken",
"croken#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk/1 syllable",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "apple crook"
},
{
"word": "arm in crook"
},
{
"word": "by hook or by crook"
},
{
"tags": [
"US"
],
"word": "by hook or crook"
},
{
"word": "crook in the lot"
},
{
"word": "crook of the arm"
},
{
"word": "pool at the crook"
},
{
"word": "throw-crook"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "croke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English croke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crok"
},
"expansion": "crok",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*crōc",
"t": "hook, bend, crook"
},
"expansion": "Old English *crōc (“hook, bend, crook”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krōk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krōk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krōkaz",
"4": "",
"5": "bend, hook"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krōkaz (“bend, hook”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*greg-",
"4": "",
"5": "tracery, basket, bend"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“tracery, basket, bend”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kreuk",
"3": "",
"4": "a bend, fold, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kreuk (“a bend, fold, wrinkle”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kroke"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kroke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "krake",
"3": "",
"4": "fold, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "krake (“fold, wrinkle”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "krog",
"3": "",
"4": "crook, hook"
},
"expansion": "Danish krog (“crook, hook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "krok",
"3": "",
"4": "crook, hook"
},
"expansion": "Swedish krok (“crook, hook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "krókur",
"3": "",
"4": "hook"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic krókur (“hook”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English croke, crok, from Old English *crōc (“hook, bend, crook”), from Proto-West Germanic *krōk, from Proto-Germanic *krōkaz (“bend, hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *greg- (“tracery, basket, bend”).\nCognate with Dutch kreuk (“a bend, fold, wrinkle”), Middle Low German kroke, krake (“fold, wrinkle”), Danish krog (“crook, hook”), Swedish krok (“crook, hook”), Icelandic krókur (“hook”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crook (plural crooks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "She held the baby in the crook of her arm.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1842, William Edward Hoskins, De Valencourt",
"text": "he walks bye lanes, and crooks",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bend; turn; curve; curvature; a flexure."
],
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"curvature",
"curvature"
],
[
"flexure",
"flexure"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bending of the knee; a genuflection."
],
"links": [
[
"genuflection",
"genuflection"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the crook of a cane",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bent or curved part; a curving piece or portion (of anything)."
],
"links": [
[
"bent",
"bent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A lock or curl of hair."
],
"links": [
[
"lock",
"lock"
],
[
"curl",
"curl"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A lock or curl of hair."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A support beam consisting of a post with a cross-beam resting upon it; a bracket or truss consisting of a vertical piece, a horizontal piece, and a strut."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A support beam consisting of a post with a cross-beam resting upon it; a bracket or truss consisting of a vertical piece, a horizontal piece, and a strut."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, The New English Bible with the Apocrypha, Oxford Study Edition, published 1976, Oxford University Press, Psalms 23-4, p.583",
"text": "Even though I walk through a / valley dark as death / I fear no evil, for thou art with me, / thy staff and thy crook are my / comfort."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A specialized staff with a semi-circular bend (a \"hook\") at one end used by shepherds to control their herds."
],
"links": [
[
"staff",
"staff"
],
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A bishop's standard staff of office."
],
"links": [
[
"bishop",
"bishop"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1547, Thomas Cranmer, Against Transubstantiation",
"text": "for all your brags, hooks, and crooks",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An artifice; a trick; a contrivance."
],
"links": [
[
"artifice",
"artifice"
],
[
"trick",
"trick"
],
[
"contrivance",
"contrivance"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1973 November 17, Richard Nixon, reported 1973 November 18, The Washington Post, Nixon Tells Editors, ‘I'm Not a Crook’,\n\"People have got to know whether or not their President is a crook. Well, I′m not a crook. I′ve earned everything I′ve got.\""
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things; a criminal."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A pothook."
],
"links": [
[
"pothook",
"pothook"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Music"
],
"glosses": [
"A small tube, usually curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc., to change its pitch or key."
],
"links": [
[
"music",
"music"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(music) A small tube, usually curved, applied to a trumpet, horn, etc., to change its pitch or key."
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"music"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "criminal",
"word": "criminal"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fırıldaqçı"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "aferist"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "julik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "aferist"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "julik"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fırıldaqçı"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "krádec",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́дец"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "騙子"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "piànzi",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "骗子"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podvodník"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "křivák"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "podrazák"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "oplichter"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oplichtster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zwendelaar"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zwendelaarster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "afzetter"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "afzetster"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bedrieger"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bedriegster"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fikomercisto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "fripono"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "rikollinen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "konna"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escroc"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "arnaqueur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gauner"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ganove"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "apateónas",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "απατεώνας"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glæpamaður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þorpari"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "maling"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "bajingan"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bithiúnach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "furfante"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truffatore"
},
{
"alt": "さぎし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sagishi",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "詐欺師"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krádec",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кра́дец"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skurk"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Vebräakja"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrão"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ladra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"english": "thief",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vor",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вор"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "plut",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плут"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mošénnik",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "моше́нник"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žúlik",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "жу́лик"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ло́пов"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "lópov"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lopov"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ladrón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ladrona"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ratero"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ratera"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "truhán"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "truhana"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"word": "maleante"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a criminal who steals, lies, cheats or does other dishonest or illegal things",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "skurk"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gega",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гега"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "pastýřská hůl"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "herdersstaf"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "käyräsauva"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "houlette"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caxato"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳavi",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "კავი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳauč̣i",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "კაუჭი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "Krücke"
},
{
"code": "de",
"english": "crutch, cane",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"word": "Krückstock"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hirtenstab"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krummstab"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "gklítsa",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γκλίτσα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kalaûrops",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "καλαῦροψ"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "khaîos",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "χαῖος"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hirðingjastafur"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crúca"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "caimín"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "camóg"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pastorale"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vincastro"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pedum"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "agolum"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kŕluk",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кр́лук"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívak",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "кри́вак"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "géga",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ге́га"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cajado"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pósox",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "по́сох"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bachall"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cayado"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "specialized staff used by shepherds",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "herdestav"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvivka",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "извивка"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ohbí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ohyb"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "záhyb"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a bend",
"word": "taive"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "courbe"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívina",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кри́вина"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gancho"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curva"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "izgíb",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "изги́б"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doblez"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "curvidad"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bend",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torcedura"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk/1 syllable",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "crooked"
},
{
"word": "crook one's elbow"
},
{
"word": "knee-crooking"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crooken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crooken",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "croken"
},
"expansion": "croken",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "crokien"
},
"expansion": "crokien",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*crōcian"
},
"expansion": "Old English *crōcian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krōkōn",
"t": "to bend, wrinkle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krōkōn (“to bend, wrinkle”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "kreuken",
"t": "to crease, rumple"
},
"expansion": "Dutch kreuken (“to crease, rumple”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "kröken",
"t": "to bend, offend, suppress"
},
"expansion": "German Low German kröken (“to bend, offend, suppress”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crooken, croken, crokien, from Old English *crōcian, from Proto-West Germanic *krōkōn (“to bend, wrinkle”), from the noun (see above). Cognate with Dutch kreuken (“to crease, rumple”), German Low German kröken (“to bend, offend, suppress”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "crooking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "crooked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "crooked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crook (third-person singular simple present crooks, present participle crooking, simple past and past participle crooked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He crooked his finger toward me.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1784, William Blake, Songs from, “An Island in the Moon”, in W. H. Stevenson, editor, Blake: The Complete Poems, 3rd edition, Routledge, published 2007, page 50",
"text": "For if a damsel's blind or lame, / Or nature's hand has crooked her frame, / Or if she's deaf or is wall-eyed; / Yet if her heart is well inclined, / Some tender lover she shall find / That panteth for a bride.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Leo Tolstoy, translated by Constance Garnett, Anna Karenina, Part 4, Chapter 5",
"text": "“[…]In the following cases: physical defect in the married parties, desertion without communication for five years,” he said, crooking a short finger covered with hair[…].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bend, or form into a hook."
],
"links": [
[
"bend",
"bend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To bend, or form into a hook."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To become bent or hooked."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become bent or hooked."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Francis Bacon, “Of Wisdom For a Man's Self,”, in The Essays or Counsels, Civil and Moral",
"text": "The referring of all to a man's self, is more tolerable in a sovereign prince; because themselves are not only themselves, but their good and evil is at the peril of the public fortune. But it is a desperate evil, in a servant to a prince, or a citizen in a republic. For whatsoever affairs pass such a man's hands, he crooketh them to his own ends; which must needs be often eccentric to the ends of his master, or state.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To turn from the path of rectitude; to pervert; to misapply; to twist."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "izvivam",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "извивам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "koukistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "courber"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "krümmen"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ískrivi",
"sense": "to bend",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "и́скриви"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "krívi",
"sense": "to bend",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "кри́ви"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "croken"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "curvar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sgibátʹ",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "сгиба́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "curvar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "doblar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "torcer"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to bend",
"word": "enchuecar"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk",
"Rhymes:English/ʊk/1 syllable",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "crook as Rookwood"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crooked",
"3": "",
"4": "dishonestly come by"
},
"expansion": "crooked (“dishonestly come by”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From crooked (“dishonestly come by”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "crooker",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "crookest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crooker"
},
"expansion": "crook (comparative crooker, superlative crookest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"english": "etymologically unrelated",
"word": "crook and nanny"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"New Zealand English",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "That work you did on my car is crook, mate."
},
{
"text": "Not turning up for training was pretty crook."
},
{
"ref": "1981, Herman Charles Bosman, The Collected Works of Herman Charles Bosman, page 101",
"text": "The soup was crook. It was onkus. A yellow-bellied platypus couldn′t drink it […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Robert Barnard, A Cry from the Dark, page 21",
"text": "Things are crook at home at the moment.\n“They′re always crook at my home.”",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bad, unsatisfactory, not up to standard."
],
"links": [
[
"standard",
"standard"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Bad, unsatisfactory, not up to standard."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English slang",
"New Zealand English"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I′m feeling a bit crook."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ill, sick."
],
"links": [
[
"Ill",
"ill"
],
[
"sick",
"sick"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Ill, sick."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"New Zealand English",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "be crook at/about; go crook at"
},
{
"ref": "2006, Jimmy Butt, Felicity Dargan, I've Been Bloody Lucky: The Story of an Orphan Named Jimmy Butt, page 17",
"text": "Ann explained to the teacher what had happened and the nuns went crook at me too.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jo Wainer, Bess: Lost: Illegal Abortion Stories, page 159",
"text": "I went home on the tram, then Mum went crook at me because I was late getting home—I had tickets for Mum and her friend to go to the Regent that night and she was annoyed because I was late.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Ruby Langford Ginibi, Don′t Take Your Love to Town, page 100",
"text": "I went crook at them for not telling me and as soon as she was well enough I took her home to the camping area and she soon picked up.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Carolyn Landon, Cups With No Handles, page 234",
"text": "Mum went crook at me for wasting money, but when Don got a job and spent all his money on a racing bike, she didn′t say a thing to him.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Annoyed, angry; upset."
],
"links": [
[
"Annoyed",
"annoyed"
],
[
"angry",
"angry"
],
[
"upset",
"upset"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Annoyed, angry; upset."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹʊk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɹuːk/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊk"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 crook.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/EN-AU_ck1_crook.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "crook",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "croken"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of croken"
],
"links": [
[
"croken",
"croken#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "crook"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.