See 阿啄仔 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "There was once a man from Ying, and on the tip of his nose was some chalk, no thicker than a fly's wing. He asked a stone-mason to slice the chalk off. The stone-mason wielded his axe like the wind and sliced off the chalk following the man's instruction. The chalk was completely removed without injury to the man's nose. The man from Ying just stood there unflinchingly.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǐng rén è màn qí bí duān ruò yíng yì, shǐ jiàngrén zhuó zhī. Jiàngshí yùn jīn chéng fēng, tīng ér zhuó zhī, jìn è ér bí bù shāng, yǐng rén lì bù shīróng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "郢人堊慢其鼻端若蠅翼，使匠人斲之。匠石運斤成風，聽而斲之，盡堊而鼻不傷，郢人立不失容。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There was once a man from Ying, and on the tip of his nose was some chalk, no thicker than a fly's wing. He asked a stone-mason to slice the chalk off. The stone-mason wielded his axe like the wind and sliced off the chalk following the man's instruction. The chalk was completely removed without injury to the man's nose. The man from Ying just stood there unflinchingly.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǐng rén è màn qí bí duān ruò yíng yì, shǐ jiàngrén zhuó zhī. Jiàngshí yùn jīn chéng fēng, tīng ér zhuó zhī, jìn è ér bí bù shāng, yǐng rén lì bù shīróng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "郢人垩慢其鼻端若蝇翼，使匠人斲之。匠石运斤成风，听而斲之，尽垩而鼻不伤，郢人立不失容。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*噣"
},
"expansion": "噣",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*啄"
},
"expansion": "啄",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beak"
},
"expansion": "English beak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*斲"
},
"expansion": "斲",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "《台灣話大詞典》"
},
"expansion": "《台灣話大詞典》",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "B.C.E.",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*卓"
},
"expansion": "卓",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "《台語正字》"
},
"expansion": "《台語正字》",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "張清波"
},
"expansion": "張清波",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "成山斗入海"
},
"expansion": "成山斗入海",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*陡",
"2": "steep; precipitous"
},
"expansion": "陡 (“steep; precipitous”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Refers (by synecdoche) to the typical pointy nose of Westerners.\nSeveral etymologies have been proposed for tok:\n* 噣, 啄: “beak; to peck with a beak” > “beak-like; pointy”. Compare English beak.\n* 斲: 《台灣話大詞典》 proposes that the word is related to a story in Zhuangzi (“Ghostless Xu”, c. 370 to 301 B.C.E.):\n*:\n* 卓: “outstanding; tall”\n* 斗: 《台語正字》 (張清波) cites Shiji: 成山斗入海. He claims that 斗 means “to protrude” > “pointy”. However, 斗 is more likely equivalent to 陡 (“steep; precipitous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "阿琢仔"
},
{
"form": "阿噣仔"
},
{
"form": "阿斲仔"
},
{
"form": "阿卓仔"
},
{
"form": "阿桌仔"
},
{
"form": "阿斗仔"
},
{
"form": "阿督仔"
},
{
"form": "阿凸仔"
},
{
"form": "阿多仔"
},
{
"form": "阿兜仔"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "阿啄仔",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese ethnic slurs",
"parents": [
"Ethnic slurs",
"Offensive terms",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Taiwanese Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Xiamen Hokkien",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There was an old granny who went to America on vacation. When it came time for her to go to the restroom, because she was illiterate, she ended up going into the men's room. Before long, a roundeye walked in, then quickly rushed out as he kept yelling, \"I am sorry, I am sorry.\" Finally, the old lady came out, angrily saying, \"Screw him! The roundeye is very rude. He barged into my bathroom, but he still blamed me, saying the door 'wasn't locked!' (a̍h m̄ só--leh, which sounds like \"I am sorry\")\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
"Taiwanese Hokkien",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 曹麗華 (ed.), 笑詼一則 抑m7鎖咧",
"roman": "Ū chi̍t ê o͘-bá-sáng khì Bí-kok chhit-thô, beh khì piān-só͘ ê sî, in-ūi m̄ bat-jī, soah kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì cha-po͘ ê hit keng, bô-gōa-kú, chi̍t ê a-tok-á kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì, sûi koh chhoàng chhut-lâi, it-ti̍t hoah kóng: “I am sorry, I am sorry.” Bóe--á, hit-ê a-pô-á kiâⁿ chhut-lâi khì-chhòa-chhòa kóng: “Iáu-siū ô͘! Chi̍t ê a-tok-á chin bô lé-māu, kiâⁿ ji̍p-lâi lâng ê piān-só͘, iá-koh koài lâng mn̂g “a̍h m̄ só--leh!”",
"text": "有一e5歐巴桑去美國chit4-tho5，欲去便所e5時，因為m7捌字，煞行入去查甫e0彼間，無外久，一e5阿督仔行入去，隨擱闖出來，一直喝講：「I am sorry，I am sorry。」尾a0，彼e5阿婆仔行出來氣chua3chua3講：「夭壽哦！一e5阿督仔真無禮貌，行入來人e5便所，也擱怪人門「抑m7鎖咧！」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "There was an old granny who went to America on vacation. When it came time for her to go to the restroom, because she was illiterate, she ended up going into the men's room. Before long, a roundeye walked in, then quickly rushed out as he kept yelling, \"I am sorry, I am sorry.\" Finally, the old lady came out, angrily saying, \"Screw him! The roundeye is very rude. He barged into my bathroom, but he still blamed me, saying the door 'wasn't locked!' (a̍h m̄ só--leh, which sounds like \"I am sorry\")\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
"Taiwanese Hokkien",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 曹麗華 (ed.), 笑詼一則 抑m7鎖咧",
"roman": "Ū chi̍t ê o͘-bá-sáng khì Bí-kok chhit-thô, beh khì piān-só͘ ê sî, in-ūi m̄ bat-jī, soah kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì cha-po͘ ê hit keng, bô-gōa-kú, chi̍t ê a-tok-á kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì, sûi koh chhoàng chhut-lâi, it-ti̍t hoah kóng: “I am sorry, I am sorry.” Bóe--á, hit-ê a-pô-á kiâⁿ chhut-lâi khì-chhòa-chhòa kóng: “Iáu-siū ô͘! Chi̍t ê a-tok-á chin bô lé-māu, kiâⁿ ji̍p-lâi lâng ê piān-só͘, iá-koh koài lâng mn̂g “a̍h m̄ só--leh!”",
"text": "有一e5欧巴桑去美国chit4-tho5，欲去便所e5时，因为m7捌字，煞行入去查甫e0彼间，无外久，一e5阿督仔行入去，随搁闯出来，一直喝讲：「I am sorry，I am sorry。」尾a0，彼e5阿婆仔行出来气chua3chua3讲：「夭寿哦！一e5阿督仔真无礼貌，行入来人e5便所，也搁怪人门「抑m7锁咧！」",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"westerner; Caucasian; roundeye (Classifier: 個／个)"
],
"id": "en-阿啄仔-zh-noun-4QbFqZEB",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"westerner",
"westerner"
],
[
"Caucasian",
"Caucasian"
],
[
"roundeye",
"roundeye"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
]
],
"qualifier": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka, slang, derogatory, ethnic slur) westerner; Caucasian; roundeye (Classifier: 個／个)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "西方人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "白種人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Beijing"
],
"word": "老外"
},
{
"tags": [
"Beijing"
],
"word": "毛子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "老外"
},
{
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "紅毛人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "外國佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "洋鬼子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "高鼻子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "洋鬼子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "西人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "老西"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鬼子佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "西人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "老番 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "白鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Macau"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "番鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Kuala-Lumpur"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "番人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "番鬼仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "鉤鼻公"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "紅毛人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "番仔鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "紅毛仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lukang"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "啄鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "西洋儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "啄鼻仔"
},
{
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "紅毛猴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛猴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "化人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "白種人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "西洋儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "西方人"
},
{
"word": "番儂"
},
{
"word": "紅毛囝"
},
{
"word": "番囝"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛囝"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "紅毛儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "鉤鼻鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "番鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "高鼻綠目"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "高鼻塌目"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "番人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "高鼻頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "紅毛洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "洋人子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "洋人"
}
],
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"derogatory",
"ethnic",
"slang",
"slur"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shiji",
"Zhuangzi"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "â-to̍k-é"
},
{
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "â-to̍k-é"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "a^ˊ dog^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "eˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "a¹ dog⁶ e³"
},
{
"ipa": "/a²⁴⁻¹¹ tok̚⁵ e³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "a'dok'ar"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kinmen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a²⁴⁻¹¹ tok̚⁵ e³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ a⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/"
}
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
}
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "There was once a man from Ying, and on the tip of his nose was some chalk, no thicker than a fly's wing. He asked a stone-mason to slice the chalk off. The stone-mason wielded his axe like the wind and sliced off the chalk following the man's instruction. The chalk was completely removed without injury to the man's nose. The man from Ying just stood there unflinchingly.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǐng rén è màn qí bí duān ruò yíng yì, shǐ jiàngrén zhuó zhī. Jiàngshí yùn jīn chéng fēng, tīng ér zhuó zhī, jìn è ér bí bù shāng, yǐng rén lì bù shīróng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "郢人堊慢其鼻端若蠅翼，使匠人斲之。匠石運斤成風，聽而斲之，盡堊而鼻不傷，郢人立不失容。",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "There was once a man from Ying, and on the tip of his nose was some chalk, no thicker than a fly's wing. He asked a stone-mason to slice the chalk off. The stone-mason wielded his axe like the wind and sliced off the chalk following the man's instruction. The chalk was completely removed without injury to the man's nose. The man from Ying just stood there unflinchingly.",
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"roman": "Yǐng rén è màn qí bí duān ruò yíng yì, shǐ jiàngrén zhuó zhī. Jiàngshí yùn jīn chéng fēng, tīng ér zhuó zhī, jìn è ér bí bù shāng, yǐng rén lì bù shīróng.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "郢人垩慢其鼻端若蝇翼，使匠人斲之。匠石运斤成风，听而斲之，尽垩而鼻不伤，郢人立不失容。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*噣"
},
"expansion": "噣",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*啄"
},
"expansion": "啄",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beak"
},
"expansion": "English beak",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*斲"
},
"expansion": "斲",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "《台灣話大詞典》"
},
"expansion": "《台灣話大詞典》",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "B.C.E.",
"name": "B.C.E."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*卓"
},
"expansion": "卓",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "《台語正字》"
},
"expansion": "《台語正字》",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "張清波"
},
"expansion": "張清波",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "成山斗入海"
},
"expansion": "成山斗入海",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "斗"
},
"expansion": "斗",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*陡",
"2": "steep; precipitous"
},
"expansion": "陡 (“steep; precipitous”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Refers (by synecdoche) to the typical pointy nose of Westerners.\nSeveral etymologies have been proposed for tok:\n* 噣, 啄: “beak; to peck with a beak” > “beak-like; pointy”. Compare English beak.\n* 斲: 《台灣話大詞典》 proposes that the word is related to a story in Zhuangzi (“Ghostless Xu”, c. 370 to 301 B.C.E.):\n*:\n* 卓: “outstanding; tall”\n* 斗: 《台語正字》 (張清波) cites Shiji: 成山斗入海. He claims that 斗 means “to protrude” > “pointy”. However, 斗 is more likely equivalent to 陡 (“steep; precipitous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "阿琢仔"
},
{
"form": "阿噣仔"
},
{
"form": "阿斲仔"
},
{
"form": "阿卓仔"
},
{
"form": "阿桌仔"
},
{
"form": "阿斗仔"
},
{
"form": "阿督仔"
},
{
"form": "阿凸仔"
},
{
"form": "阿多仔"
},
{
"form": "阿兜仔"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "阿啄仔",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese derogatory terms",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese ethnic slurs",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese nouns classified by 個/个",
"Chinese slang",
"Chinese terms spelled with 仔",
"Chinese terms spelled with 啄",
"Chinese terms spelled with 阿",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Hokkien terms with quotations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Taiwanese Hakka",
"Taiwanese Hokkien",
"Xiamen Hokkien"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "There was an old granny who went to America on vacation. When it came time for her to go to the restroom, because she was illiterate, she ended up going into the men's room. Before long, a roundeye walked in, then quickly rushed out as he kept yelling, \"I am sorry, I am sorry.\" Finally, the old lady came out, angrily saying, \"Screw him! The roundeye is very rude. He barged into my bathroom, but he still blamed me, saying the door 'wasn't locked!' (a̍h m̄ só--leh, which sounds like \"I am sorry\")\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
"Taiwanese Hokkien",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 曹麗華 (ed.), 笑詼一則 抑m7鎖咧",
"roman": "Ū chi̍t ê o͘-bá-sáng khì Bí-kok chhit-thô, beh khì piān-só͘ ê sî, in-ūi m̄ bat-jī, soah kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì cha-po͘ ê hit keng, bô-gōa-kú, chi̍t ê a-tok-á kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì, sûi koh chhoàng chhut-lâi, it-ti̍t hoah kóng: “I am sorry, I am sorry.” Bóe--á, hit-ê a-pô-á kiâⁿ chhut-lâi khì-chhòa-chhòa kóng: “Iáu-siū ô͘! Chi̍t ê a-tok-á chin bô lé-māu, kiâⁿ ji̍p-lâi lâng ê piān-só͘, iá-koh koài lâng mn̂g “a̍h m̄ só--leh!”",
"text": "有一e5歐巴桑去美國chit4-tho5，欲去便所e5時，因為m7捌字，煞行入去查甫e0彼間，無外久，一e5阿督仔行入去，隨擱闖出來，一直喝講：「I am sorry，I am sorry。」尾a0，彼e5阿婆仔行出來氣chua3chua3講：「夭壽哦！一e5阿督仔真無禮貌，行入來人e5便所，也擱怪人門「抑m7鎖咧！」",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "There was an old granny who went to America on vacation. When it came time for her to go to the restroom, because she was illiterate, she ended up going into the men's room. Before long, a roundeye walked in, then quickly rushed out as he kept yelling, \"I am sorry, I am sorry.\" Finally, the old lady came out, angrily saying, \"Screw him! The roundeye is very rude. He barged into my bathroom, but he still blamed me, saying the door 'wasn't locked!' (a̍h m̄ só--leh, which sounds like \"I am sorry\")\"",
"raw_tags": [
"Pe̍h-ōe-jī",
"Taiwanese Hokkien",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 曹麗華 (ed.), 笑詼一則 抑m7鎖咧",
"roman": "Ū chi̍t ê o͘-bá-sáng khì Bí-kok chhit-thô, beh khì piān-só͘ ê sî, in-ūi m̄ bat-jī, soah kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì cha-po͘ ê hit keng, bô-gōa-kú, chi̍t ê a-tok-á kiâⁿ ji̍p-khì, sûi koh chhoàng chhut-lâi, it-ti̍t hoah kóng: “I am sorry, I am sorry.” Bóe--á, hit-ê a-pô-á kiâⁿ chhut-lâi khì-chhòa-chhòa kóng: “Iáu-siū ô͘! Chi̍t ê a-tok-á chin bô lé-māu, kiâⁿ ji̍p-lâi lâng ê piān-só͘, iá-koh koài lâng mn̂g “a̍h m̄ só--leh!”",
"text": "有一e5欧巴桑去美国chit4-tho5，欲去便所e5时，因为m7捌字，煞行入去查甫e0彼间，无外久，一e5阿督仔行入去，随搁闯出来，一直喝讲：「I am sorry，I am sorry。」尾a0，彼e5阿婆仔行出来气chua3chua3讲：「夭寿哦！一e5阿督仔真无礼貌，行入来人e5便所，也搁怪人门「抑m7锁咧！」",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"westerner; Caucasian; roundeye (Classifier: 個／个)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"ethnic",
"ethnic"
],
[
"slur",
"slur"
],
[
"westerner",
"westerner"
],
[
"Caucasian",
"Caucasian"
],
[
"roundeye",
"roundeye"
],
[
"個",
"個#Chinese"
],
[
"个",
"个#Chinese"
]
],
"qualifier": "Taiwanese Hakka",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka, slang, derogatory, ethnic slur) westerner; Caucasian; roundeye (Classifier: 個／个)"
],
"tags": [
"Taiwanese-Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"derogatory",
"ethnic",
"slang",
"slur"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Shiji",
"Zhuangzi"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "â-to̍k-é"
},
{
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "â-to̍k-é"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "a^ˊ dog^"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "eˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "a¹ dog⁶ e³"
},
{
"ipa": "/a²⁴⁻¹¹ tok̚⁵ e³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "a-tok-á"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "a'dok'ar"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kinmen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/a²⁴⁻¹¹ tok̚⁵ e³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ a⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔk̚³²⁻⁴ a⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "西方人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Standard-Chinese"
],
"word": "白種人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Beijing"
],
"word": "老外"
},
{
"tags": [
"Beijing"
],
"word": "毛子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "老外"
},
{
"tags": [
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "紅毛人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore"
],
"word": "外國佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "洋鬼子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wanrong"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "高鼻子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "洋鬼子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "西人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "老西"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "鬼子佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "西人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "白人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "老番 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"word": "白鬼 dated"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Macau"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "老番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "番鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "番鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Chikan",
"Kaiping"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Kuala-Lumpur"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangfu",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "鬼佬"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "番人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "番鬼仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Northern"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "鉤鼻公"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "鉤鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hsinchu-County"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "西洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "紅毛人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "番仔鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "番仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "紅毛番"
},
{
"tags": [
"Zhangzhou"
],
"word": "𧺤毛的"
},
{
"tags": [
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "紅毛仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lukang"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "啄鼻仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Taichung"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "西洋儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Tainan"
],
"word": "啄鼻仔"
},
{
"word": "阿啄仔"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Penang"
],
"word": "紅毛猴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "紅毛猴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "化人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "白種人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "西洋儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Manila"
],
"word": "西方人"
},
{
"word": "番儂"
},
{
"word": "紅毛囝"
},
{
"word": "番囝"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛囝"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jieyang"
],
"word": "紅毛鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Singapore",
"Teochew"
],
"word": "紅毛儂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Leizhou"
],
"word": "鉤鼻鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "番鬼"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "紅毛"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "高鼻綠目"
},
{
"tags": [
"Haikou"
],
"word": "高鼻塌目"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "番人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "高鼻頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "紅毛洋人"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "洋人子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "洋人"
}
],
"word": "阿啄仔"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 阿啄仔 meaning in All languages combined (15.9kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"阿啄仔"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "阿啄仔",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"阿啄仔"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "阿啄仔",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.