"श्याम" meaning in Sanskrit

See श्याम in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ɕjɑː.mɐ́/ [Vedic], /ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/ [Classical-Sanskrit]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|sa|inc-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*ćyaHmás}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, {{inh|sa|ine-pro||*ḱyeh₁-mó-s|black, dark}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀||black}} Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), {{cog|lt|šė̃mas||blue-grey}} Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”) Head templates: {{sa-adj|tr=śyāmá}} श्याम • (śyāmá) stem Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-adj-mfn|śyāmá|śyāmā́|śyāmá}}, {{sa-decl-noun-m|śyāmá|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|adj=1|ambig_final=|at_nom_s=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nocat=|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|pronominal=|r_stem_a=ā|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-f|śyāmā́|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|pronominal=|r_stem_a=ā|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-n|śyāmá|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|at_nom_s=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|n=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|pronominal=|root=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}} Forms: śyāmá [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], श्यामः [nominative, singular], श्यामौ [dual, nominative], श्यामा1 [dual, nominative], श्यामाः [nominative, plural], श्यामासः1 [nominative, plural], श्याम [singular, vocative], श्यामौ [dual, vocative], श्यामा1 [dual, vocative], श्यामाः [plural, vocative], श्यामासः1 [plural, vocative], श्यामम् [accusative, singular], श्यामौ [accusative, dual], श्यामा1 [accusative, dual], श्यामान् [accusative, plural], श्यामेन [instrumental, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], श्यामैः [instrumental, plural], श्यामेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], श्यामाय [dative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [dative, plural], श्यामात् [ablative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [ablative, plural], श्यामस्य [genitive, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, genitive], श्यामानाम् [genitive, plural], श्यामे [locative, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, locative], श्यामेषु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], श्यामा [nominative, singular], श्यामे [dual, nominative], श्यामाः [nominative, plural], श्यामे [singular, vocative], श्यामे [dual, vocative], श्यामाः [plural, vocative], श्यामाम् [accusative, singular], श्यामे [accusative, dual], श्यामाः [accusative, plural], श्यामया [instrumental, singular], श्यामा1 [instrumental, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], श्यामाभिः [instrumental, plural], श्यामायै [dative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dative, dual], श्यामाभ्यः [dative, plural], श्यामायाः [ablative, singular], श्यामायै2 [ablative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], श्यामाभ्यः [ablative, plural], श्यामायाः [genitive, singular], श्यामायै2 [genitive, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, genitive], श्यामानाम् [genitive, plural], श्यामायाम् [locative, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, locative], श्यामासु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], श्यामम् [nominative, singular], श्यामे [dual, nominative], श्यामानि [nominative, plural], श्यामा1 [nominative, plural], श्याम [singular, vocative], श्यामे [dual, vocative], श्यामानि [plural, vocative], श्यामा1 [plural, vocative], श्यामम् [accusative, singular], श्यामे [accusative, dual], श्यामानि [accusative, plural], श्यामा1 [accusative, plural], श्यामेन [instrumental, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], श्यामैः [instrumental, plural], श्यामेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], श्यामाय [dative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [dative, plural], श्यामात् [ablative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [ablative, plural], श्यामस्य [genitive, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, genitive], श्यामानाम् [genitive, plural], श्यामे [locative, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, locative], श्यामेषु [locative, plural]
  1. black, dark-coloured, dark blue or brown or grey or green, sable, having a dark or swarthy complexion (considered a mark of beauty) Categories (topical): Colors Derived forms: अर्धश्याम (ardhaśyāma) (english: half black or dark), आश्याम (āśyāma) (english: dusky), श्यामता (śyāmatā), श्यामत्व (śyāmatva), श्यामल (śyāmala), श्यामा (śyāmā), श्यामाक (śyāmāka)
    Sense id: en-श्याम-sa-adj-i2LwDGyD Disambiguation of Colors: 79 7 15 Related terms: श्याव (śyāva), ध्याम (dhyāma), श्वेत (śvetá), शुक्ल (śuklá), शुभ्र (śubhrá), धवल (dhavalá), कर्पूर (karpū́ra), गौर (gaura), धूमल (dhūmala), धूसर (dhūsara), पलित (palitá), मलिन (malina), रजत (rajata), कपोतक (kapotaká), कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa), काल (kāla), कज्जल (kajjala), रक्त (rakta), रुधिर (rudhira), सिन्दूर (sindūra), अरुष (aruṣa), ताम्र (tāmra), रोहित (rohita), लोहित (lohita), कार्मिज (kārmija), नारङ्ग (nāraṅga), कमल (kamala), कद्रु (kadru), बभ्रु (babhru), कपिश (kapiśa), पीत (pīta), कषाय (kaṣāya), पिङ्गल (piṅgala), पाण्डु (pāṇḍu), हिरण्य (hiraṇya), शादहरित (śā́daharita), हरित (harita), पलाश (palāśa), शाद्वल (śādvala), मारकत (mārakata), नील (nī́la), आकाशवर्ण (ākāśavarṇa), राजावर्त (rājāvarta), वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya), मेचक (mecaka), कालक (kālaka), धूम्र (dhūmra), तुत्थ (tuttha), शोण (śoṇa), नीललोहित (nīlalohita), कर्पूरगौर (karpūragaura), पाटल (pāṭala), अरुण (aruṇa), ब्रध्न (bradhna)

Noun

IPA: /ɕjɑː.mɐ́/ [Vedic], /ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/ [Classical-Sanskrit]
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|sa|inc-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|sa|iir-pro|*ćyaHmás}} Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, {{inh|sa|ine-pro||*ḱyeh₁-mó-s|black, dark}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), {{cog|ae|𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀||black}} Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), {{cog|lt|šė̃mas||blue-grey}} Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”) Head templates: {{sa-noun|श्यै|g=m|tr=śyāmá}} श्याम • (śyāmá) stem, m (root श्यै) Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-noun-m|śyāmá}} Forms: śyāmá [romanization], श्यै [root], no-table-tags [table-tags], श्यामः [nominative, singular], श्यामौ [dual, nominative], श्यामा1 [dual, nominative], श्यामाः [nominative, plural], श्यामासः1 [nominative, plural], श्याम [singular, vocative], श्यामौ [dual, vocative], श्यामा1 [dual, vocative], श्यामाः [plural, vocative], श्यामासः1 [plural, vocative], श्यामम् [accusative, singular], श्यामौ [accusative, dual], श्यामा1 [accusative, dual], श्यामान् [accusative, plural], श्यामेन [instrumental, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], श्यामैः [instrumental, plural], श्यामेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], श्यामाय [dative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [dative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [dative, plural], श्यामात् [ablative, singular], श्यामाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], श्यामेभ्यः [ablative, plural], श्यामस्य [genitive, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, genitive], श्यामानाम् [genitive, plural], श्यामे [locative, singular], श्यामयोः [dual, locative], श्यामेषु [locative, plural]
  1. a black bull (TS.)
    Sense id: en-श्याम-sa-noun-SQ9t4HxB
  2. (music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.) Categories (topical): Music Synonyms: श्यामी (śyāmī) [in-compounds]
    Sense id: en-श्याम-sa-noun-HAE6wigJ Categories (other): Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script, Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit terms belonging to the root श्यै, Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations Disambiguation of Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script: 23 6 71 Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 20 2 78 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms belonging to the root श्यै: 30 9 61 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 17 2 81 Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ćyaHmás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱyeh₁-mó-s",
        "5": "black, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šė̃mas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "blue-grey"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "śyāmá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यै",
      "tags": [
        "root"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामः",
      "roman": "śyāmáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyā́mau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyā́māsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामान्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "श्यै",
        "g": "m",
        "tr": "śyāmá"
      },
      "expansion": "श्याम • (śyāmá) stem, m (root श्यै)",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a black bull (TS.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-श्याम-sa-noun-SQ9t4HxB",
      "links": [
        [
          "bull",
          "bull"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "sa:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 6 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 2 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 9 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms belonging to the root श्यै",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 2 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-श्याम-sa-noun-HAE6wigJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "राग",
          "राग#Sanskrit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "roman": "śyāmī",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds"
          ],
          "word": "श्यामी"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕjɑː.mɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "श्याम"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "sāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: sāma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: sāma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra",
            "2": "𑀲𑀸𑀫"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫 (sāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫 (sāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "સામ"
          },
          "expansion": "Gujarati: સામ (sām)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gujarati: સામ (sām)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "શ્યામ",
            "lbor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: શ્યામ (śyām) (learned)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: શ્યામ (śyām) (learned)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "श्याम",
            "lbor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: श्याम (śyām) (learned)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: श्याम (śyām) (learned)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ćyaHmás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱyeh₁-mó-s",
        "5": "black, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šė̃mas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "blue-grey"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "śyāmá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामः",
      "roman": "śyāmáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyā́mau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyā́māsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामान्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा",
      "roman": "śyāmā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामया",
      "roman": "śyāmáyā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभिः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै2",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै2",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासु",
      "roman": "śyāmā́su",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyā́māni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "śyāmá"
      },
      "expansion": "श्याम • (śyāmá) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "2": "śyāmā́",
        "3": "śyāmá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmā́",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "79 7 15",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "sa",
          "name": "Colors",
          "orig": "sa:Colors",
          "parents": [
            "Light",
            "Vision",
            "Energy",
            "Senses",
            "Nature",
            "Perception",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "half black or dark",
          "roman": "ardhaśyāma",
          "word": "अर्धश्याम"
        },
        {
          "english": "dusky",
          "roman": "āśyāma",
          "word": "आश्याम"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śyāmatā",
          "word": "श्यामता"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śyāmatva",
          "word": "श्यामत्व"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śyāmala",
          "word": "श्यामल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śyāmā",
          "word": "श्यामा"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śyāmāka",
          "word": "श्यामाक"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Let neither the black dog or the brown dog seize thee; those two warders of the way sent forth by Yama.",
          "ref": "c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.1.9",
          "roman": "śyāmaśca tvā mā śabalaśca preṣitau yamasya yau pathirakṣī śvānau.",
          "text": "श्यामश्च त्वा मा शबलश्च प्रेषितौ यमस्य यौ पथिरक्षी श्वानौ ।"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black, dark-coloured, dark blue or brown or grey or green, sable, having a dark or swarthy complexion (considered a mark of beauty)"
      ],
      "id": "en-श्याम-sa-adj-i2LwDGyD",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "blue",
          "blue"
        ],
        [
          "brown",
          "brown"
        ],
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ],
        [
          "green",
          "green"
        ],
        [
          "sable",
          "sable"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "śyāva",
          "word": "श्याव"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dhyāma",
          "word": "ध्याम"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śvetá",
          "word": "श्वेत"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śuklá",
          "word": "शुक्ल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śubhrá",
          "word": "शुभ्र"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dhavalá",
          "word": "धवल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "karpū́ra",
          "word": "कर्पूर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gaura",
          "word": "गौर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dhūmala",
          "word": "धूमल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dhūsara",
          "word": "धूसर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "palitá",
          "word": "पलित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "malina",
          "word": "मलिन"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rajata",
          "word": "रजत"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kapotaká",
          "word": "कपोतक"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kṛṣṇa",
          "word": "कृष्ण"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kāla",
          "word": "काल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kajjala",
          "word": "कज्जल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rakta",
          "word": "रक्त"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rudhira",
          "word": "रुधिर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "sindūra",
          "word": "सिन्दूर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "aruṣa",
          "word": "अरुष"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tāmra",
          "word": "ताम्र"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rohita",
          "word": "रोहित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "lohita",
          "word": "लोहित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kārmija",
          "word": "कार्मिज"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nāraṅga",
          "word": "नारङ्ग"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kamala",
          "word": "कमल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kadru",
          "word": "कद्रु"
        },
        {
          "roman": "babhru",
          "word": "बभ्रु"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kapiśa",
          "word": "कपिश"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pīta",
          "word": "पीत"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kaṣāya",
          "word": "कषाय"
        },
        {
          "roman": "piṅgala",
          "word": "पिङ्गल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pāṇḍu",
          "word": "पाण्डु"
        },
        {
          "roman": "hiraṇya",
          "word": "हिरण्य"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śā́daharita",
          "word": "शादहरित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "harita",
          "word": "हरित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "palāśa",
          "word": "पलाश"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śādvala",
          "word": "शाद्वल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mārakata",
          "word": "मारकत"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nī́la",
          "word": "नील"
        },
        {
          "roman": "ākāśavarṇa",
          "word": "आकाशवर्ण"
        },
        {
          "roman": "rājāvarta",
          "word": "राजावर्त"
        },
        {
          "roman": "vaiḍūrya",
          "word": "वैडूर्य"
        },
        {
          "roman": "mecaka",
          "word": "मेचक"
        },
        {
          "roman": "kālaka",
          "word": "कालक"
        },
        {
          "roman": "dhūmra",
          "word": "धूम्र"
        },
        {
          "roman": "tuttha",
          "word": "तुत्थ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "śoṇa",
          "word": "शोण"
        },
        {
          "roman": "nīlalohita",
          "word": "नीललोहित"
        },
        {
          "roman": "karpūragaura",
          "word": "कर्पूरगौर"
        },
        {
          "roman": "pāṭala",
          "word": "पाटल"
        },
        {
          "roman": "aruṇa",
          "word": "अरुण"
        },
        {
          "roman": "bradhna",
          "word": "ब्रध्न"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕjɑː.mɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "श्याम"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit terms belonging to the root श्यै",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "sa:Colors"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ćyaHmás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱyeh₁-mó-s",
        "5": "black, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šė̃mas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "blue-grey"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "śyāmá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यै",
      "tags": [
        "root"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामः",
      "roman": "śyāmáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyā́mau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyā́māsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामान्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "श्यै",
        "g": "m",
        "tr": "śyāmá"
      },
      "expansion": "श्याम • (śyāmá) stem, m (root श्यै)",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a black bull (TS.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bull",
          "bull"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "sa:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "राग",
          "राग#Sanskrit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) a particular राग (rāga) (Saṃgīt.)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕjɑː.mɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "śyāmī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ],
      "word": "श्यामी"
    }
  ],
  "word": "श्याम"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Sanskrit a-stem adjectives",
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit terms belonging to the root श्यै",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "sa:Colors"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "half black or dark",
      "roman": "ardhaśyāma",
      "word": "अर्धश्याम"
    },
    {
      "english": "dusky",
      "roman": "āśyāma",
      "word": "आश्याम"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śyāmatā",
      "word": "श्यामता"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śyāmatva",
      "word": "श्यामत्व"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śyāmala",
      "word": "श्यामल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śyāmā",
      "word": "श्यामा"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śyāmāka",
      "word": "श्यामाक"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "sāma"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: sāma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: sāma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pra",
            "2": "𑀲𑀸𑀫"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫 (sāma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀫 (sāma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "સામ"
          },
          "expansion": "Gujarati: સામ (sām)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gujarati: સામ (sām)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gu",
            "2": "શ્યામ",
            "lbor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gujarati: શ્યામ (śyām) (learned)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gujarati: શ્યામ (śyām) (learned)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hi",
            "2": "श्याम",
            "lbor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Hindi: श्याम (śyām) (learned)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Hindi: श्याम (śyām) (learned)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "inc-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "iir-pro",
        "3": "*ćyaHmás"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*ḱyeh₁-mó-s",
        "5": "black, dark"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "šė̃mas",
        "3": "",
        "4": "blue-grey"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćyaHmás, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱyeh₁-mó-s (“black, dark”), from *(s)ḱeh₃- (“darkness, shadow”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬯𐬁𐬨𐬀 (sāma, “black”), Lithuanian šė̃mas (“blue-grey”). Compare also श्याव (śyāvá, “dark-brown, brown, dark-coloured, dark”). Historically connected with the root श्यै (śyai, “to freeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "śyāmá",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामः",
      "roman": "śyāmáḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́saḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyā́mau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासः1",
      "roman": "śyā́māsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामौ",
      "roman": "śyāmaú",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामान्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा",
      "roman": "śyāmā́",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyā́māḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामया",
      "roman": "śyāmáyā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभिः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै2",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाः",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायै2",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामायाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́yām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामासु",
      "roman": "śyāmā́su",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्याम",
      "roman": "śyā́ma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyā́me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyā́māni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyā́mā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामम्",
      "roman": "śyāmám",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानि",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामा1",
      "roman": "śyāmā́1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेन",
      "roman": "śyāména",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामैः",
      "roman": "śyāmaíḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभिः1",
      "roman": "śyāmébhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाय",
      "roman": "śyāmā́ya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामात्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́bhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेभ्यः",
      "roman": "śyāmébhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामस्य",
      "roman": "śyāmásya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामानाम्",
      "roman": "śyāmā́nām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामे",
      "roman": "śyāmé",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामयोः",
      "roman": "śyāmáyoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "श्यामेषु",
      "roman": "śyāméṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "tr": "śyāmá"
      },
      "expansion": "श्याम • (śyāmá) stem",
      "name": "sa-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "2": "śyāmā́",
        "3": "śyāmá"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "adj": "1",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmā́",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "śyāmá",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "at_nom_s": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "n": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "pronominal": "",
        "root": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "śyāva",
      "word": "श्याव"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dhyāma",
      "word": "ध्याम"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śvetá",
      "word": "श्वेत"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śuklá",
      "word": "शुक्ल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śubhrá",
      "word": "शुभ्र"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dhavalá",
      "word": "धवल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karpū́ra",
      "word": "कर्पूर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gaura",
      "word": "गौर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dhūmala",
      "word": "धूमल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dhūsara",
      "word": "धूसर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "palitá",
      "word": "पलित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "malina",
      "word": "मलिन"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rajata",
      "word": "रजत"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kapotaká",
      "word": "कपोतक"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kṛṣṇa",
      "word": "कृष्ण"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kāla",
      "word": "काल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kajjala",
      "word": "कज्जल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rakta",
      "word": "रक्त"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rudhira",
      "word": "रुधिर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sindūra",
      "word": "सिन्दूर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "aruṣa",
      "word": "अरुष"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tāmra",
      "word": "ताम्र"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rohita",
      "word": "रोहित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "lohita",
      "word": "लोहित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kārmija",
      "word": "कार्मिज"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nāraṅga",
      "word": "नारङ्ग"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kamala",
      "word": "कमल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kadru",
      "word": "कद्रु"
    },
    {
      "roman": "babhru",
      "word": "बभ्रु"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kapiśa",
      "word": "कपिश"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pīta",
      "word": "पीत"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "word": "कषाय"
    },
    {
      "roman": "piṅgala",
      "word": "पिङ्गल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pāṇḍu",
      "word": "पाण्डु"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hiraṇya",
      "word": "हिरण्य"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śā́daharita",
      "word": "शादहरित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "harita",
      "word": "हरित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "palāśa",
      "word": "पलाश"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śādvala",
      "word": "शाद्वल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mārakata",
      "word": "मारकत"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nī́la",
      "word": "नील"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ākāśavarṇa",
      "word": "आकाशवर्ण"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rājāvarta",
      "word": "राजावर्त"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vaiḍūrya",
      "word": "वैडूर्य"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mecaka",
      "word": "मेचक"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kālaka",
      "word": "कालक"
    },
    {
      "roman": "dhūmra",
      "word": "धूम्र"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tuttha",
      "word": "तुत्थ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "śoṇa",
      "word": "शोण"
    },
    {
      "roman": "nīlalohita",
      "word": "नीललोहित"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karpūragaura",
      "word": "कर्पूरगौर"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pāṭala",
      "word": "पाटल"
    },
    {
      "roman": "aruṇa",
      "word": "अरुण"
    },
    {
      "roman": "bradhna",
      "word": "ब्रध्न"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Let neither the black dog or the brown dog seize thee; those two warders of the way sent forth by Yama.",
          "ref": "c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.1.9",
          "roman": "śyāmaśca tvā mā śabalaśca preṣitau yamasya yau pathirakṣī śvānau.",
          "text": "श्यामश्च त्वा मा शबलश्च प्रेषितौ यमस्य यौ पथिरक्षी श्वानौ ।"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black, dark-coloured, dark blue or brown or grey or green, sable, having a dark or swarthy complexion (considered a mark of beauty)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "blue",
          "blue"
        ],
        [
          "brown",
          "brown"
        ],
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ],
        [
          "green",
          "green"
        ],
        [
          "sable",
          "sable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɕjɑː.mɐ́/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɕjɑː.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical-Sanskrit"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "śyāmī",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds"
      ],
      "word": "श्यामी"
    }
  ],
  "word": "श्याम"
}

Download raw JSONL data for श्याम meaning in Sanskrit (26.1kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
  "path": [
    "श्याम"
  ],
  "section": "Sanskrit",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "श्याम",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
  "path": [
    "श्याम"
  ],
  "section": "Sanskrit",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "श्याम",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
  "path": [
    "श्याम"
  ],
  "section": "Sanskrit",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "श्याम",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
  "path": [
    "श्याम"
  ],
  "section": "Sanskrit",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "श्याम",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.