"कषाय" meaning in Sanskrit

See कषाय in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/ [Vedic], /kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/ [Classical]
Etymology: Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful. Turner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term. Whether the "astringent" and "red" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain. Etymology templates: {{m|sa|कष्|t=to rub, scrape}} कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”), {{bor|sa|dra-pro|*kac-}} Proto-Dravidian *kac-, {{cog|te|కసు|t=raw, unripe}} Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”), {{m|sa|काषण|t=unripe}} काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) Head templates: {{head|sa|adjective}} कषाय • (kaṣāya) Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-adj-mfn|kaṣāya|kaṣayā}}, {{sa-decl-noun-m|kaṣāya|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|r_stem_a=ā|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-f|kaṣayā|abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|r_stem_a=ā|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}}, {{sa-decl-noun-n||abl_d=|abl_p=|abl_s=|acc_d=|acc_p=|acc_s=|ambig_final=|dat_d=|dat_p=|dat_s=|diaspirate=|gen_d=|gen_p=|gen_s=|ins_d=|ins_p=|ins_s=|loc_d=|loc_p=|loc_s=|nocat=1|nom_d=|nom_p=|nom_s=|note=|novedic=|participle=|sc=Deva|voc_d=|voc_p=|voc_s=}} Forms: kaṣāya [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], कषायः [nominative, singular], कषायौ [dual, nominative], कषाया1 [dual, nominative], कषायाः [nominative, plural], कषायासः1 [nominative, plural], कषाय [singular, vocative], कषायौ [dual, vocative], कषाया1 [dual, vocative], कषायाः [plural, vocative], कषायासः1 [plural, vocative], कषायम् [accusative, singular], कषायौ [accusative, dual], कषाया1 [accusative, dual], कषायान् [accusative, plural], कषायेण [instrumental, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], कषायैः [instrumental, plural], कषायेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], कषायाय [dative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [dative, plural], कषायात् [ablative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [ablative, plural], कषायस्य [genitive, singular], कषाययोः [dual, genitive], कषायाणाम् [genitive, plural], कषाये [locative, singular], कषाययोः [dual, locative], कषायेषु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], कषया [nominative, singular], कषये [dual, nominative], कषयाः [nominative, plural], कषये [singular, vocative], कषये [dual, vocative], कषयाः [plural, vocative], कषयाम् [accusative, singular], कषये [accusative, dual], कषयाः [accusative, plural], कषयया [instrumental, singular], कषया1 [instrumental, singular], कषयाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], कषयाभिः [instrumental, plural], कषयायै [dative, singular], कषयाभ्याम् [dative, dual], कषयाभ्यः [dative, plural], कषयायाः [ablative, singular], कषयायै2 [ablative, singular], कषयाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], कषयाभ्यः [ablative, plural], कषयायाः [genitive, singular], कषयायै2 [genitive, singular], कषययोः [dual, genitive], कषयाणाम् [genitive, plural], कषयायाम् [locative, singular], कषययोः [dual, locative], कषयासु [locative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], कषायम् [nominative, singular], कषाये [dual, nominative], कषायाणि [nominative, plural], कषाया1 [nominative, plural], कषाय [singular, vocative], कषाये [dual, vocative], कषायाणि [plural, vocative], कषाया1 [plural, vocative], कषायम् [accusative, singular], कषाये [accusative, dual], कषायाणि [accusative, plural], कषाया1 [accusative, plural], कषायेण [instrumental, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], कषायैः [instrumental, plural], कषायेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], कषायाय [dative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [dative, plural], कषायात् [ablative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [ablative, plural], कषायस्य [genitive, singular], कषाययोः [dual, genitive], कषायाणाम् [genitive, plural], कषाये [locative, singular], कषाययोः [dual, locative], कषायेषु [locative, plural]
  1. astringent
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-adj-0bLO~BxA
  2. fragrant
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-adj-DhOBV-~j Categories (other): Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header, Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations Disambiguation of Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header: 2 36 19 8 1 4 7 1 21 Disambiguation of Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations: 2 43 12 9 1 4 6 1 21
  3. red, dull red, yellowish red
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-adj-HG4vB8cQ

Noun

IPA: /kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/ [Vedic], /kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/ [Classical]
Etymology: Of unclear origin. Traditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful. Turner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term. Whether the "astringent" and "red" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain. Etymology templates: {{m|sa|कष्|t=to rub, scrape}} कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”), {{bor|sa|dra-pro|*kac-}} Proto-Dravidian *kac-, {{cog|te|కసు|t=raw, unripe}} Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”), {{m|sa|काषण|t=unripe}} काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) Head templates: {{sa-noun|g=m}} कषाय • (kaṣāya) stem, m Inflection templates: {{sa-decl-noun-m}} Forms: kaṣāya [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], कषायः [nominative, singular], कषायौ [dual, nominative], कषाया1 [dual, nominative], कषायाः [nominative, plural], कषायासः1 [nominative, plural], कषाय [singular, vocative], कषायौ [dual, vocative], कषाया1 [dual, vocative], कषायाः [plural, vocative], कषायासः1 [plural, vocative], कषायम् [accusative, singular], कषायौ [accusative, dual], कषाया1 [accusative, dual], कषायान् [accusative, plural], कषायेण [instrumental, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dual, instrumental], कषायैः [instrumental, plural], कषायेभिः1 [instrumental, plural], कषायाय [dative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [dative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [dative, plural], कषायात् [ablative, singular], कषायाभ्याम् [ablative, dual], कषायेभ्यः [ablative, plural], कषायस्य [genitive, singular], कषाययोः [dual, genitive], कषायाणाम् [genitive, plural], कषाये [locative, singular], कषाययोः [dual, locative], कषायेषु [locative, plural]
  1. an astringent extract of juice
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun--iKLgAxu
  2. decoction, infusion
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun--BdfXBja
  3. dirt, filth
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun-EmEs0ibT
  4. stain, impurity
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun-tlR71cAn
  5. dullness, stupidity
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun-Mr~pxwiM
  6. a dull or yellowish red garment or robe in Buddhism, a kashaya
    Sense id: en-कषाय-sa-noun-~koWAiSc

Download JSON data for कषाय meaning in Sanskrit (20.4kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कष्",
        "t": "to rub, scrape"
      },
      "expansion": "कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "dra-pro",
        "3": "*kac-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kac-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కసు",
        "t": "raw, unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "काषण",
        "t": "unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful.\nTurner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term.\nWhether the \"astringent\" and \"red\" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaṣāya",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायान्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषया",
      "roman": "kaṣayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयया",
      "roman": "kaṣayayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषया1",
      "roman": "kaṣayā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभिः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै2",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै2",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣayayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣayayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयासु",
      "roman": "kaṣayāsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "कषाय • (kaṣāya)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣāya",
        "2": "kaṣayā"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣāya",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣayā",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "astringent"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-adj-0bLO~BxA",
      "links": [
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 36 19 8 1 4 7 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 43 12 9 1 4 6 1 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fragrant"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-adj-DhOBV-~j",
      "links": [
        [
          "fragrant",
          "fragrant"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "red, dull red, yellowish red"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-adj-HG4vB8cQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "red",
          "red"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "yellowish",
          "yellowish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kasaya"
  ],
  "word": "कषाय"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कष्",
        "t": "to rub, scrape"
      },
      "expansion": "कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "dra-pro",
        "3": "*kac-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kac-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కసు",
        "t": "raw, unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "काषण",
        "t": "unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful.\nTurner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term.\nWhether the \"astringent\" and \"red\" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaṣāya",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायान्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "कषाय • (kaṣāya) stem, m",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an astringent extract of juice"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun--iKLgAxu",
      "links": [
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ],
        [
          "extract",
          "extract"
        ],
        [
          "juice",
          "juice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "decoction, infusion"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun--BdfXBja",
      "links": [
        [
          "decoction",
          "decoction"
        ],
        [
          "infusion",
          "infusion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dirt, filth"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun-EmEs0ibT",
      "links": [
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ],
        [
          "filth",
          "filth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stain, impurity"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun-tlR71cAn",
      "links": [
        [
          "stain",
          "stain"
        ],
        [
          "impurity",
          "impurity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dullness, stupidity"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun-Mr~pxwiM",
      "links": [
        [
          "dullness",
          "dullness"
        ],
        [
          "stupidity",
          "stupidity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a dull or yellowish red garment or robe in Buddhism, a kashaya"
      ],
      "id": "en-कषाय-sa-noun-~koWAiSc",
      "links": [
        [
          "garment",
          "garment"
        ],
        [
          "robe",
          "robe"
        ],
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "kashaya",
          "kashaya"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kasaya"
  ],
  "word": "कषाय"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit terms borrowed from Proto-Dravidian",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कष्",
        "t": "to rub, scrape"
      },
      "expansion": "कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "dra-pro",
        "3": "*kac-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kac-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కసు",
        "t": "raw, unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "काषण",
        "t": "unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful.\nTurner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term.\nWhether the \"astringent\" and \"red\" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaṣāya",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायान्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ā-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषया",
      "roman": "kaṣayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषये",
      "roman": "kaṣaye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयया",
      "roman": "kaṣayayā",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषया1",
      "roman": "kaṣayā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभिः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै2",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣayābhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायै2",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyai2",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣayayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयायाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣayāyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣayayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषयासु",
      "roman": "kaṣayāsu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणि",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "कषाय • (kaṣāya)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣāya",
        "2": "kaṣayā"
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣāya",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kaṣayā",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "r_stem_a": "ā",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "abl_d": "",
        "abl_p": "",
        "abl_s": "",
        "acc_d": "",
        "acc_p": "",
        "acc_s": "",
        "ambig_final": "",
        "dat_d": "",
        "dat_p": "",
        "dat_s": "",
        "diaspirate": "",
        "gen_d": "",
        "gen_p": "",
        "gen_s": "",
        "ins_d": "",
        "ins_p": "",
        "ins_s": "",
        "loc_d": "",
        "loc_p": "",
        "loc_s": "",
        "nocat": "1",
        "nom_d": "",
        "nom_p": "",
        "nom_s": "",
        "note": "",
        "novedic": "",
        "participle": "",
        "sc": "Deva",
        "voc_d": "",
        "voc_p": "",
        "voc_s": ""
      },
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "astringent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fragrant"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fragrant",
          "fragrant"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "red, dull red, yellowish red"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "red",
          "red"
        ],
        [
          "dull",
          "dull"
        ],
        [
          "yellowish",
          "yellowish"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kasaya"
  ],
  "word": "कषाय"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit adjectives",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit masculine nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit terms borrowed from Proto-Dravidian",
    "Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "कष्",
        "t": "to rub, scrape"
      },
      "expansion": "कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "dra-pro",
        "3": "*kac-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kac-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "te",
        "2": "కసు",
        "t": "raw, unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "काषण",
        "t": "unripe"
      },
      "expansion": "काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear origin.\nTraditionally derived from the root कष् (kaṣ, “to rub, scrape”); however, this is semantically doubtful.\nTurner takes the variety of suffixes found in the word's descendants as evidence of a substrate, probably Proto-Dravidian *kac-, borrowing; compare Telugu కసు (kasu, “raw, unripe”). Mayrhofer, on the other hand, takes it as evidence of Indo-European origin (particularly with the word's Vedic presence), and gives काषण (kāṣaṇa, “unripe”) as the true Dravidian borrowing and cognate of the above Telugu term.\nWhether the \"astringent\" and \"red\" meanings are etymologically connected is uncertain.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kaṣāya",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायासः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāsaḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायौ",
      "roman": "kaṣāyau",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाया1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायान्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyān",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेण",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṇa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायैः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभिः1",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाय",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायात्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायस्य",
      "roman": "kaṣāyasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायाणाम्",
      "roman": "kaṣāyāṇām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाये",
      "roman": "kaṣāye",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषाययोः",
      "roman": "kaṣāyayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कषायेषु",
      "roman": "kaṣāyeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "कषाय • (kaṣāya) stem, m",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "an astringent extract of juice"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astringent",
          "astringent"
        ],
        [
          "extract",
          "extract"
        ],
        [
          "juice",
          "juice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "decoction, infusion"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "decoction",
          "decoction"
        ],
        [
          "infusion",
          "infusion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dirt, filth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dirt",
          "dirt"
        ],
        [
          "filth",
          "filth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "stain, impurity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stain",
          "stain"
        ],
        [
          "impurity",
          "impurity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "dullness, stupidity"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "dullness",
          "dullness"
        ],
        [
          "stupidity",
          "stupidity"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a dull or yellowish red garment or robe in Buddhism, a kashaya"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "garment",
          "garment"
        ],
        [
          "robe",
          "robe"
        ],
        [
          "Buddhism",
          "Buddhism"
        ],
        [
          "kashaya",
          "kashaya"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐ.ʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐˈʂɑː.jɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Kasaya"
  ],
  "word": "कषाय"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e268c0e and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.