See पाण्डु in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "paṇḍu" }, "expansion": "Pali: paṇḍu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Pali: paṇḍu" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼 (paṃḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼 (paṃḍu)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Central:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-sau" }, "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rom", "2": "parno", "3": "pai̦no" }, "expansion": "Romani: parno, pai̦no", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Romani: parno, pai̦no" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rmo", "2": "pārni" }, "expansion": "Sinte Romani: pārni", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinte Romani: pārni" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Eastern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-mag" }, "expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Magadhi Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "or", "2": "ପାଣ୍ଡୁ", "3": "ପଣ୍ଡିଆ" }, "expansion": "Odia: ପାଣ୍ଡୁ (pāṇḍu), ପଣ୍ଡିଆ (paṇḍiā)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Odia: ପାଣ୍ଡୁ (pāṇḍu), ପଣ୍ଡିଆ (paṇḍiā)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Northwestern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-pai" }, "expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Paisaci Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-ata" }, "expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Takka Apabhramsa:" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Punjabi:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Punjabi: pā̃ḍū" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਪਾਂਡੂ", "sclb": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਪਾਂਡੂ", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਪਾਂਡੂ" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "پاںڈو", "sclb": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: پاںڈو", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Shahmukhi script: پاںڈو" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Southern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-hel" }, "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Helu Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dv", "2": "ފަނޑު" }, "expansion": "Dhivehi: ފަނޑު (faⁿḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dhivehi: ފަނޑު (faⁿḍu)" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "si", "2": "පඬු" }, "expansion": "Sinhalese: පඬු (paⁿḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinhalese: පඬු (paⁿḍu)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬 (paṃḍullaïya)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬 (paṃḍullaïya)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-hel" }, "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Helu Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "si", "2": "පැන්ඩිලි", "3": "පැඩිලි" }, "expansion": "Sinhalese: පැන්ඩිලි (pænḍili), පැඩිලි (pæḍili)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinhalese: පැන්ඩිලි (pænḍili), පැඩිලි (pæḍili)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟 (paḍḍa)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟 (paḍḍa)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu)", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śveta", "word": "श्वेत" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śukla", "word": "शुक्ल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śubhra", "word": "शुभ्र" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "dhavala", "word": "धवल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "dhūmala", "word": "धूमल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "dhūsara", "word": "धूसर" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "kṛṣṇa", "word": "कृष्ण" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "kāla", "word": "काल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śyāma", "word": "श्याम" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śyāva", "word": "श्याव" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "rakta", "word": "रक्त" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "rudhira", "word": "रुधिर" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "rohita", "word": "रोहित" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "lohita", "word": "लोहित" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "nāraṅga", "word": "नारङ्ग" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "kadru", "word": "कद्रु" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "babhru", "word": "बभ्रु" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "pīta", "word": "पीत" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "harita", "word": "हरित" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "palāśa", "word": "पलाश" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "nīla", "word": "नील" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "śoṇa", "word": "शोण" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "nīlalohita", "word": "नीललोहित" }, { "_dis1": "0 0", "roman": "pāṭala", "word": "पाटल" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "yellowish white, white, pale ṠBr. MBh. Kāv. &c." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-adj-Q~0jEC9h", "links": [ [ "white", "white" ], [ "pale", "pale" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(√ पण्ड्?) yellowish white, white, pale ṠBr. MBh. Kāv. &c." ] }, { "glosses": [ "jaundiced Car." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-adj-ZN2TexXt", "links": [ [ "jaundiced", "jaundiced" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, m", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "jaundice Car." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun-e-~D0PJQ", "links": [ [ "jaundice", "jaundice" ] ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "3 5 13 5 4 1 1 2 6 23 3 18 3 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "2 5 13 5 6 1 1 2 5 26 2 18 3 13", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "5 8 11 5 7 3 0 0 7 23 1 15 3 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 10 4 1 2 3 1 2 14 20 7 6 9 7", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Colors", "orig": "sa:Colors", "parents": [ "Light", "Vision", "Energy", "Senses", "Nature", "Perception", "All topics", "Body", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "pale or yellowish white colour W." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun-a-fJkDHn" }, { "glosses": [ "a white elephant L." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun--J0aL7RL", "links": [ [ "white elephant", "white elephant" ] ] }, { "categories": [], "glosses": [ "pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica L.)" ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun-ZQkO5MI~" }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "10 9 4 4 4 5 4 1 9 9 7 10 11 12", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Mythological figures", "orig": "sa:Mythological figures", "parents": [ "Mythology", "Culture", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "a species of shrub L." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun-llhbOEIW" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "हरिमन्" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुक" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुरोग" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्ड्वामय" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "विरूप" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामला" } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, m", "name": "sa-proper noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Hinduism", "orig": "sa:Hinduism", "parents": [ "India", "Religion", "Asia", "Culture", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Pandu, a son of व्यास (vyāsa, “Vyasa”) by the wife of विचित्र-वीर्य (vicitra-vīrya) and brother of धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra, “Dhritarashtra”) and विदुर (vidura, “Vidura”) (he was father of the five पाण्डव (pāṇḍava)s) AV.Pariṡ. MBh. Hariv. &c." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-QtA3237A", "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "व्यास", "व्यास#Sanskrit" ], [ "विचित्र-वीर्य", "विचित्र-वीर्य#Sanskrit" ], [ "धृतराष्ट्र", "धृतराष्ट्र#Sanskrit" ], [ "विदुर", "विदुर#Sanskrit" ], [ "पाण्डव", "पाण्डव#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) Pandu, a son of व्यास (vyāsa, “Vyasa”) by the wife of विचित्र-वीर्य (vicitra-vīrya) and brother of धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra, “Dhritarashtra”) and विदुर (vidura, “Vidura”) (he was father of the five पाण्डव (pāṇḍava)s) AV.Pariṡ. MBh. Hariv. &c." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Hinduism", "orig": "sa:Hinduism", "parents": [ "India", "Religion", "Asia", "Culture", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "name of a son of जनम्-एजय (janam-ejaya) and brother of धृत-राष्ट्र (dhṛta-rāṣṭra) MBh. i, 3745" ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-r1EuyYXg", "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "जनम्-एजय", "जनम्-एजय#Sanskrit" ], [ "धृत-राष्ट्र", "धृत-राष्ट्र#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a son of जनम्-एजय (janam-ejaya) and brother of धृत-राष्ट्र (dhṛta-rāṣṭra) MBh. i, 3745" ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Hinduism", "orig": "sa:Hinduism", "parents": [ "India", "Religion", "Asia", "Culture", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "name of a son of धात्रि (dhātri) by आयती (āyatī) VP. (v.l. प्राण (prāṇa))" ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-PZMGAMEe", "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "धात्रि", "धात्रि#Sanskrit" ], [ "आयती", "आयती#Sanskrit" ], [ "प्राण", "प्राण#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a son of धात्रि (dhātri) by आयती (āyatī) VP. (v.l. प्राण (prāṇa))" ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Hinduism", "orig": "sa:Hinduism", "parents": [ "India", "Religion", "Asia", "Culture", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "name of an attendant of शिव (śiva) L." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-rFZ-gji8", "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "शिव", "शिव#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of an attendant of शिव (śiva) L." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Hinduism", "orig": "sa:Hinduism", "parents": [ "India", "Religion", "Asia", "Culture", "Earth", "Eurasia", "Society", "Nature", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "name of a नागराज (nāgarāja) L." ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-F3IEKQAW", "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "नागराज", "नागराज#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a नागराज (nāgarāja) L." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "glosses": [ "of a people in मध्य-देश (madhya-deśa) VarBṛS. (v.l. पाण्ड्य (pāṇḍya) and °ड्व (°ḍva))" ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-name-o~A42OzE", "links": [ [ "मध्य-देश", "मध्य-देश#Sanskrit" ], [ "पाण्ड्य", "पाण्ड्य#Sanskrit" ], [ "°ड्व", "°ड्व#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(in the plural) of a people in मध्य-देश (madhya-deśa) VarBṛS. (v.l. पाण्ड्य (pāṇḍya) and °ड्व (°ḍva))" ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "f" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, f", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "10 9 4 4 4 5 4 1 9 9 7 10 11 12", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "sa", "name": "Mythological figures", "orig": "sa:Mythological figures", "parents": [ "Mythology", "Culture", "Society", "All topics", "Fundamental" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "blue wiss (Teramnus labialis subsp. labialis, syn. Glycine debilis L.)" ], "head_nr": 1, "id": "en-पाण्डु-sa-noun-Tb3IGgOY" } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "हरिमन्" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुक" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुरोग" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्ड्वामय" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "विरूप" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामल" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0", "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामला" } ], "word": "पाण्डु" }
{ "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit feminine nouns", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit proper nouns", "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms derived from substrate languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "sa:Colors", "sa:Mythological figures" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pi", "2": "paṇḍu" }, "expansion": "Pali: paṇḍu", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Pali: paṇḍu" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼 (paṃḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼 (paṃḍu)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Central:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-sau" }, "expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rom", "2": "parno", "3": "pai̦no" }, "expansion": "Romani: parno, pai̦no", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Romani: parno, pai̦no" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "rmo", "2": "pārni" }, "expansion": "Sinte Romani: pārni", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinte Romani: pārni" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Eastern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-mag" }, "expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Magadhi Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "or", "2": "ପାଣ୍ଡୁ", "3": "ପଣ୍ଡିଆ" }, "expansion": "Odia: ପାଣ୍ଡୁ (pāṇḍu), ପଣ୍ଡିଆ (paṇḍiā)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Odia: ପାଣ୍ଡୁ (pāṇḍu), ପଣ୍ଡିଆ (paṇḍiā)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Northwestern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-pai" }, "expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Paisaci Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "inc-ata" }, "expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Takka Apabhramsa:" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "-" }, "expansion": "Punjabi:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Punjabi: pā̃ḍū" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "ਪਾਂਡੂ", "sclb": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਪਾਂਡੂ", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Gurmukhi script: ਪਾਂਡੂ" }, { "depth": 5, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pa", "2": "پاںڈو", "sclb": "1", "tr": "-" }, "expansion": "Shahmukhi script: پاںڈو", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Shahmukhi script: پاںڈو" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [], "text": "Southern:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-hel" }, "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Helu Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "dv", "2": "ފަނޑު" }, "expansion": "Dhivehi: ފަނޑު (faⁿḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Dhivehi: ފަނޑު (faⁿḍu)" }, { "depth": 4, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "si", "2": "පඬු" }, "expansion": "Sinhalese: පඬු (paⁿḍu)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinhalese: පඬු (paⁿḍu)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬 (paṃḍullaïya)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀁𑀟𑀼𑀮𑁆𑀮𑀇𑀬 (paṃḍullaïya)" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra-hel" }, "expansion": "Helu Prakrit:", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Helu Prakrit:" }, { "depth": 3, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "si", "2": "පැන්ඩිලි", "3": "පැඩිලි" }, "expansion": "Sinhalese: පැන්ඩිලි (pænḍili), පැඩිලි (pæḍili)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Sinhalese: පැන්ඩිලි (pænḍili), පැඩිලි (pæḍili)" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟" }, "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟 (paḍḍa)", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Prakrit: 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟 (paḍḍa)" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu)", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "roman": "śveta", "word": "श्वेत" }, { "roman": "śukla", "word": "शुक्ल" }, { "roman": "śubhra", "word": "शुभ्र" }, { "roman": "dhavala", "word": "धवल" }, { "roman": "dhūmala", "word": "धूमल" }, { "roman": "dhūsara", "word": "धूसर" }, { "roman": "kṛṣṇa", "word": "कृष्ण" }, { "roman": "kāla", "word": "काल" }, { "roman": "śyāma", "word": "श्याम" }, { "roman": "śyāva", "word": "श्याव" }, { "roman": "rakta", "word": "रक्त" }, { "roman": "rudhira", "word": "रुधिर" }, { "roman": "rohita", "word": "रोहित" }, { "roman": "lohita", "word": "लोहित" }, { "roman": "nāraṅga", "word": "नारङ्ग" }, { "roman": "kadru", "word": "कद्रु" }, { "roman": "babhru", "word": "बभ्रु" }, { "roman": "pīta", "word": "पीत" }, { "roman": "harita", "word": "हरित" }, { "roman": "palāśa", "word": "पलाश" }, { "roman": "nīla", "word": "नील" }, { "roman": "śoṇa", "word": "शोण" }, { "roman": "nīlalohita", "word": "नीललोहित" }, { "roman": "pāṭala", "word": "पाटल" } ], "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "yellowish white, white, pale ṠBr. MBh. Kāv. &c." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "white", "white" ], [ "pale", "pale" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(√ पण्ड्?) yellowish white, white, pale ṠBr. MBh. Kāv. &c." ] }, { "glosses": [ "jaundiced Car." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "jaundiced", "jaundiced" ] ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit feminine nouns", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit proper nouns", "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms derived from substrate languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "sa:Colors", "sa:Mythological figures" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, m", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "glosses": [ "jaundice Car." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "jaundice", "jaundice" ] ] }, { "glosses": [ "pale or yellowish white colour W." ], "head_nr": 1 }, { "glosses": [ "a white elephant L." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "white elephant", "white elephant" ] ] }, { "categories": [ "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)" ], "glosses": [ "pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica L.)" ], "head_nr": 1 }, { "glosses": [ "a species of shrub L." ], "head_nr": 1 } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "हरिमन्" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुक" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुरोग" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्ड्वामय" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "विरूप" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामल" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामला" } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit feminine nouns", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit proper nouns", "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms derived from substrate languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "sa:Colors", "sa:Mythological figures" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "m" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, m", "name": "sa-proper noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "name", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "sa:Hinduism" ], "glosses": [ "Pandu, a son of व्यास (vyāsa, “Vyasa”) by the wife of विचित्र-वीर्य (vicitra-vīrya) and brother of धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra, “Dhritarashtra”) and विदुर (vidura, “Vidura”) (he was father of the five पाण्डव (pāṇḍava)s) AV.Pariṡ. MBh. Hariv. &c." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "व्यास", "व्यास#Sanskrit" ], [ "विचित्र-वीर्य", "विचित्र-वीर्य#Sanskrit" ], [ "धृतराष्ट्र", "धृतराष्ट्र#Sanskrit" ], [ "विदुर", "विदुर#Sanskrit" ], [ "पाण्डव", "पाण्डव#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) Pandu, a son of व्यास (vyāsa, “Vyasa”) by the wife of विचित्र-वीर्य (vicitra-vīrya) and brother of धृतराष्ट्र (dhṛtarāṣṭra, “Dhritarashtra”) and विदुर (vidura, “Vidura”) (he was father of the five पाण्डव (pāṇḍava)s) AV.Pariṡ. MBh. Hariv. &c." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ "sa:Hinduism" ], "glosses": [ "name of a son of जनम्-एजय (janam-ejaya) and brother of धृत-राष्ट्र (dhṛta-rāṣṭra) MBh. i, 3745" ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "जनम्-एजय", "जनम्-एजय#Sanskrit" ], [ "धृत-राष्ट्र", "धृत-राष्ट्र#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a son of जनम्-एजय (janam-ejaya) and brother of धृत-राष्ट्र (dhṛta-rāṣṭra) MBh. i, 3745" ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ "sa:Hinduism" ], "glosses": [ "name of a son of धात्रि (dhātri) by आयती (āyatī) VP. (v.l. प्राण (prāṇa))" ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "धात्रि", "धात्रि#Sanskrit" ], [ "आयती", "आयती#Sanskrit" ], [ "प्राण", "प्राण#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a son of धात्रि (dhātri) by आयती (āyatī) VP. (v.l. प्राण (prāṇa))" ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ "sa:Hinduism" ], "glosses": [ "name of an attendant of शिव (śiva) L." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "शिव", "शिव#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of an attendant of शिव (śiva) L." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "categories": [ "sa:Hinduism" ], "glosses": [ "name of a नागराज (nāgarāja) L." ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "Hinduism", "Hinduism" ], [ "नागराज", "नागराज#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(Hinduism) name of a नागराज (nāgarāja) L." ], "tags": [ "Hinduism" ] }, { "glosses": [ "of a people in मध्य-देश (madhya-deśa) VarBṛS. (v.l. पाण्ड्य (pāṇḍya) and °ड्व (°ḍva))" ], "head_nr": 1, "links": [ [ "मध्य-देश", "मध्य-देश#Sanskrit" ], [ "पाण्ड्य", "पाण्ड्य#Sanskrit" ], [ "°ड्व", "°ड्व#Sanskrit" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(in the plural) of a people in मध्य-देश (madhya-deśa) VarBṛS. (v.l. पाण्ड्य (pāṇḍya) and °ड्व (°ḍva))" ], "tags": [ "in-plural" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "word": "पाण्डु" } { "categories": [ "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Sanskrit adjectives", "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header", "Sanskrit feminine nouns", "Sanskrit lemmas", "Sanskrit masculine nouns", "Sanskrit nouns", "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit proper nouns", "Sanskrit proper nouns in Devanagari script", "Sanskrit terms derived from substrate languages", "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation", "sa:Colors", "sa:Mythological figures" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sa", "2": "qfa-sub" }, "expansion": "substrate", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "pra", "2": "𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂" }, "expansion": "Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ml", "2": "പാണ്ട്", "3": "", "4": "albinoism" }, "expansion": "Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”)", "name": "ncog" }, { "args": { "1": "sat", "2": "ᱯᱳᱱᱰ" }, "expansion": "Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ)", "name": "noncog" } ], "etymology_text": "Derived from a substrate language, from which *पण्ड्र (paṇḍra), पुण्ड्र (puṇḍra), पुण्ड्ररीक (puṇḍrarīka), and Prakrit 𑀧𑀟𑁆𑀟𑁂 (paḍḍe) were also derived. Compare Malayalam പാണ്ട് (pāṇṭŭ, “albinoism”) and Santali ᱯᱳᱱᱰ (ponḍ).", "forms": [ { "form": "pāṇḍu", "head_nr": 1, "tags": [ "romanization" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "g": "f" }, "expansion": "पाण्डु • (pāṇḍu) stem, f", "name": "sa-noun" } ], "lang": "Sanskrit", "lang_code": "sa", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)", "Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)" ], "glosses": [ "blue wiss (Teramnus labialis subsp. labialis, syn. Glycine debilis L.)" ], "head_nr": 1 } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/pɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Vedic" ] }, { "ipa": "/ˈpɑːɳ.ɖu/", "tags": [ "Classical-Sanskrit" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "हरिमन्" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुक" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्डुरोग" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "पाण्ड्वामय" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "विरूप" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामल" }, { "source": "Thesaurus:पाण्डु", "word": "कामला" } ], "word": "पाण्डु" }
Download raw JSONL data for पाण्डु meaning in Sanskrit (16.9kB)
{ "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831", "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: √ पण्ड्?", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831", "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: √ पण्ड्?", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "page/1713/20221215", "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, पाण्डु/Sanskrit", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "page/1713/20221215", "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, पाण्डु/Sanskrit", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "noun", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "page/1713/20221215", "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, पाण्डु/Sanskrit", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "proper noun", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "page/1713/20221215", "msg": "later head without list of senses,template node #, पाण्डु/Sanskrit", "path": [ "पाण्डु" ], "section": "Sanskrit", "subsection": "noun", "title": "पाण्डु", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.