"torus" meaning in English

See torus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈtɔː.ɹəs/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ˈtɔɹəs/ [Canada, General-American], [ˈtɔ.ɹəs] [Canada, General-American], /ˈtoː.ɹəs/ [General-Australian, New-Zealand] Audio: en-us-torus.ogg , en-au-torus.ogg Forms: tori [plural], toruses [plural]
Rhymes: -ɔːɹəs Etymology: Borrowed from Latin torus (“a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance”). Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|torus||a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance}} Latin torus (“a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance”) Head templates: {{en-noun|tori|+}} torus (plural tori or toruses)
  1. (geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).
    (topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles.
    Categories (topical): Geometry, Surfaces, Topology
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-ziMSLqpi Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 17 17 2 21 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: geometry, mathematics, sciences, topology
  2. (geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).
    (topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles.
    (topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.) The product of the specified number of circles.
    Tags: in-compounds, usually Categories (topical): Geometry, Surfaces, Topology Translations (in combination, product of circles): torus (Finnish), torus [masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-Q6x2w6PP Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 17 17 2 21 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: geometry, mathematics, sciences, topology Disambiguation of 'in combination, product of circles': 25 33 14 12 4 8 4
  3. (geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).
    A ring-shaped object, especially a large ring-shaped chamber used in physical research.
    Categories (topical): Geometry, Surfaces
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-hpBPNVoX Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 17 17 2 21 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: geometry, mathematics, sciences
  4. (architecture) A large convex molding, typically semicircular in cross section, which commonly projects at the base of a column and above the plinth. Categories (topical): Architecture Translations (convex molding): tor [masculine] (Catalan), bossell [masculine] (Catalan), torus (Finnish), vannikka (Finnish), tore [masculine] (French), Wulst [masculine] (German), toro [masculine] (Italian)
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-xfFoNIHE Topics: architecture Disambiguation of 'convex molding': 7 7 7 66 4 6 3
  5. (anatomy) A rounded ridge of bone or muscle, especially one on the occipital bone. Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-85HfEmis Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 17 17 2 21 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  6. (botany) The end of the peduncle or flower stalk to which the floral parts (or in the Asteraceae, the florets of a flower head) are attached. Categories (topical): Botany Synonyms: receptacle, thalamus Translations (receptacle): 花托 (huātuō) (Chinese Mandarin), kukkapohjus (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-n~simAaz Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Basque translations, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 17 17 17 2 21 18 9 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Basque translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 16 16 16 4 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 16 16 16 4 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Danish translations: 16 16 16 2 17 23 10 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 16 16 16 4 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hebrew translations: 16 16 16 5 15 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 21 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 15 15 15 6 15 22 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 15 15 15 4 16 22 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 21 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 21 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'receptacle': 6 6 5 10 7 58 8
  7. (botany) The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity. Categories (topical): Botany
    Sense id: en-torus-en-noun-Y8NDT4Yi Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Latvian translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 17 17 17 4 14 17 15 Disambiguation of Pages with 5 entries: 13 13 13 2 11 12 11 2 2 1 3 4 5 2 2 3 1 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 14 14 14 1 12 13 12 1 1 1 2 4 5 1 1 4 0 1 Disambiguation of Terms with Albanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Arabic translations: 17 17 17 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 16 16 16 5 17 20 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 16 16 16 4 17 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Estonian translations: 16 16 16 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 15 15 15 3 19 19 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 15 15 15 10 16 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 15 15 15 9 15 18 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 16 16 3 16 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 16 16 16 3 17 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 15 15 15 3 19 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Latvian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Lithuanian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations: 17 17 17 4 15 19 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations: 17 17 17 1 15 18 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 14 14 14 4 21 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovene translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 17 17 17 3 15 19 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 15 15 15 3 19 21 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Vietnamese translations: 16 16 16 3 16 20 12 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: de Bruijn torus, hypertorus, keratotorus, nanotorus, polytorus, subtorus, supertorus, toric, toroid Related terms: torus tubarius, annulus, hoop Translations (shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space): torusi (Albanian), طَارَة (ṭāra) [masculine] (Arabic), toru (Basque), тор (tor) [masculine] (Belarusian), тор (tor) [masculine] (Bulgarian), tor [masculine] (Catalan), 環面 (Chinese Mandarin), 环面 (huánmiàn) (Chinese Mandarin), torus [masculine] (Czech), torus [common-gender] (Danish), torus [masculine] (Dutch), toro (Esperanto), toor (Estonian), torus (Finnish), tore [masculine] (French), toro [masculine] (Galician), Torus [masculine] (German), τόρος (tóros) [masculine] (Greek), טורוס (torus) [masculine] (Hebrew), tórusz (Hungarian), toro (Ido), toro [masculine] (Italian), トーラス (tōrasu) (Japanese), 원환면 (wonhwanmyeon) (Korean), tors [masculine] (Latvian), toras [masculine] (Lithuanian), тор (tor) [masculine] (Macedonian), tarawhiti (Maori), torus [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), torus [masculine] (Norwegian Nynorsk), torus [masculine] (Polish), armila [feminine] (Polish), toro [masculine] (Portuguese), tor [neuter] (Romanian), тор (tor) [masculine] (Russian), торус [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), torus [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), torus [masculine] (Slovak), torus [masculine] (Slovene), toro [masculine] (Spanish), torus [common-gender] (Swedish), simit (Turkish), тор (tor) [masculine] (Ukrainian), khối xuyến (Vietnamese) Translations (topological space): 環面 (Chinese Mandarin), 环面 (huánmiàn) (Chinese Mandarin), toro (Esperanto), torus (Finnish), tore (French), トーラス (tōrasu) (Japanese), torus [masculine] (Polish), тор (tor) [masculine] (Russian), toro [masculine] (Spanish)
Disambiguation of 'shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space': 29 29 29 4 3 3 3 Disambiguation of 'topological space': 45 45 4 3 1 1 1

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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      "word": "de Bruijn torus"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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    },
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      "name": "bor"
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          "_dis1": "25 33 14 12 4 8 4",
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          "_dis1": "7 7 7 66 4 6 3",
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        "The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity."
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      "id": "en-torus-en-noun-Y8NDT4Yi",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "thickening",
          "thickening"
        ],
        [
          "membrane",
          "membrane"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "gymnosperm",
          "gymnosperm"
        ],
        [
          "tracheid",
          "tracheid"
        ],
        [
          "secondary cell wall",
          "secondary cell wall"
        ],
        [
          "arch",
          "arch"
        ],
        [
          "cavity",
          "cavity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɔː.ɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɔɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtɔ.ɹəs]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-torus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/En-us-torus.ogg/En-us-torus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/En-us-torus.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtoː.ɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-torus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-au-torus.ogg/En-au-torus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/En-au-torus.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːɹəs"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Taurus (horse–hoarse merger)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "torusi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ṭāra",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "طَارَة"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toru"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "環面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huánmiàn",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "环面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "tóros",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "τόρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "torus",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "טורוס"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "tórusz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "tōrasu",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "トーラス"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wonhwanmyeon",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "원환면"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tors"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toras"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "tarawhiti"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "armila"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "tor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "торус"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "simit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "29 29 29 4 3 3 3",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "khối xuyến"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "環面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huánmiàn",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "环面"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "tore"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "tōrasu",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "トーラス"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "45 45 4 3 1 1 1",
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "torus (disambiguation)"
  ],
  "word": "torus"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 5 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Greek translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːɹəs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɔːɹəs/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Albanian translations",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Basque translations",
    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Danish translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Estonian translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hebrew translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latvian translations",
    "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
    "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Slovene translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "de Bruijn torus"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypertorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "keratotorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "nanotorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "polytorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "subtorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "supertorus"
    },
    {
      "word": "toric"
    },
    {
      "word": "toroid"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "torus",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin torus (“a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance”)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin torus (“a round, swelling, elevation, protuberance”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tori",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "toruses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tori",
        "2": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "torus (plural tori or toruses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "torus tubarius"
    },
    {
      "word": "annulus"
    },
    {
      "word": "hoop"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Geometry",
        "en:Surfaces",
        "en:Topology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "A 4-variable Karnaugh map can be thought of, topologically, as being a torus.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "A topological space which is a product of two circles."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "standard",
          "standard#English"
        ],
        [
          "representation",
          "representation#English"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space#English"
        ],
        [
          "3-dimensional",
          "3-dimensional#English"
        ],
        [
          "Euclidean",
          "Euclidean#English"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ],
        [
          "solid",
          "solid"
        ],
        [
          "rotating",
          "rotate"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ],
        [
          "curve",
          "curve"
        ],
        [
          "circle",
          "circle"
        ],
        [
          "line",
          "line"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane"
        ],
        [
          "intersect",
          "intersect"
        ],
        [
          "ring doughnut",
          "ring doughnut"
        ],
        [
          "topology",
          "topology"
        ],
        [
          "topological space",
          "topological space"
        ],
        [
          "product",
          "product"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "(topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "topology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "en:Geometry",
        "en:Surfaces",
        "en:Topology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "A topological space which is a product of two circles.",
        "The product of the specified number of circles."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "standard",
          "standard#English"
        ],
        [
          "representation",
          "representation#English"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space#English"
        ],
        [
          "3-dimensional",
          "3-dimensional#English"
        ],
        [
          "Euclidean",
          "Euclidean#English"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ],
        [
          "solid",
          "solid"
        ],
        [
          "rotating",
          "rotate"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ],
        [
          "curve",
          "curve"
        ],
        [
          "circle",
          "circle"
        ],
        [
          "line",
          "line"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane"
        ],
        [
          "intersect",
          "intersect"
        ],
        [
          "ring doughnut",
          "ring doughnut"
        ],
        [
          "topology",
          "topology"
        ],
        [
          "topological space",
          "topological space"
        ],
        [
          "product",
          "product"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "(topology) A topological space which is a product of two circles.",
        "(topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.) The product of the specified number of circles."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences",
        "topology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Geometry",
        "en:Surfaces"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "A ring-shaped object, especially a large ring-shaped chamber used in physical research."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geometry",
          "geometry"
        ],
        [
          "standard",
          "standard#English"
        ],
        [
          "representation",
          "representation#English"
        ],
        [
          "space",
          "space#English"
        ],
        [
          "3-dimensional",
          "3-dimensional#English"
        ],
        [
          "Euclidean",
          "Euclidean#English"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ],
        [
          "solid",
          "solid"
        ],
        [
          "rotating",
          "rotate"
        ],
        [
          "closed",
          "closed"
        ],
        [
          "curve",
          "curve"
        ],
        [
          "circle",
          "circle"
        ],
        [
          "line",
          "line"
        ],
        [
          "plane",
          "plane"
        ],
        [
          "intersect",
          "intersect"
        ],
        [
          "ring doughnut",
          "ring doughnut"
        ],
        [
          "ring-shaped",
          "ring-shaped"
        ],
        [
          "chamber",
          "chamber"
        ],
        [
          "physical",
          "physical"
        ],
        [
          "research",
          "research"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geometry) The standard representation of such a space in 3-dimensional Euclidean space: a surface or solid formed by rotating a closed curve, especially a circle, about a line which lies in the same plane but does not intersect it (e.g. like a ring doughnut).",
        "A ring-shaped object, especially a large ring-shaped chamber used in physical research."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geometry",
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Architecture"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large convex molding, typically semicircular in cross section, which commonly projects at the base of a column and above the plinth."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "architecture",
          "architecture"
        ],
        [
          "convex",
          "convex"
        ],
        [
          "molding",
          "molding"
        ],
        [
          "semicircular",
          "semicircular"
        ],
        [
          "cross section",
          "cross section"
        ],
        [
          "project",
          "project"
        ],
        [
          "base",
          "base"
        ],
        [
          "column",
          "column"
        ],
        [
          "plinth",
          "plinth"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(architecture) A large convex molding, typically semicircular in cross section, which commonly projects at the base of a column and above the plinth."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "architecture"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A rounded ridge of bone or muscle, especially one on the occipital bone."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "rounded",
          "rounded"
        ],
        [
          "ridge",
          "ridge"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ],
        [
          "muscle",
          "muscle"
        ],
        [
          "occipital bone",
          "occipital bone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) A rounded ridge of bone or muscle, especially one on the occipital bone."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The end of the peduncle or flower stalk to which the floral parts (or in the Asteraceae, the florets of a flower head) are attached."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "peduncle",
          "peduncle"
        ],
        [
          "flower",
          "flower"
        ],
        [
          "stalk",
          "stalk"
        ],
        [
          "floral",
          "floral"
        ],
        [
          "Asteraceae",
          "Asteraceae#Translingual"
        ],
        [
          "floret",
          "floret"
        ],
        [
          "flower head",
          "flower head"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The end of the peduncle or flower stalk to which the floral parts (or in the Asteraceae, the florets of a flower head) are attached."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "receptacle"
        },
        {
          "word": "thalamus"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ],
        [
          "thickening",
          "thickening"
        ],
        [
          "membrane",
          "membrane"
        ],
        [
          "wood",
          "wood"
        ],
        [
          "cell",
          "cell"
        ],
        [
          "pit",
          "pit"
        ],
        [
          "gymnosperm",
          "gymnosperm"
        ],
        [
          "tracheid",
          "tracheid"
        ],
        [
          "secondary cell wall",
          "secondary cell wall"
        ],
        [
          "arch",
          "arch"
        ],
        [
          "cavity",
          "cavity"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The thickening of a membrane closing a wood-cell pit (as of gymnosperm tracheids) having the secondary cell wall arched over the pit cavity."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɔː.ɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtɔɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtɔ.ɹəs]",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-torus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7d/En-us-torus.ogg/En-us-torus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/En-us-torus.ogg"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtoː.ɹəs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-Australian",
        "New-Zealand"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-au-torus.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8a/En-au-torus.ogg/En-au-torus.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8a/En-au-torus.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔːɹəs"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Taurus (horse–hoarse merger)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "torusi"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ṭāra",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "طَارَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toru"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tor"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "環面"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huánmiàn",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "环面"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toor"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tore"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "tóros",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "τόρος"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "torus",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "טורוס"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "tórusz"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "tōrasu",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "トーラス"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "wonhwanmyeon",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "원환면"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tors"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toras"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "tarawhiti"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "armila"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "tor"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "торус"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "simit"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "shape in 3-dimensional Euclidean space",
      "word": "khối xuyến"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "環面"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huánmiàn",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "环面"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "tore"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "tōrasu",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "word": "トーラス"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "tor",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "тор"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "topological space",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "in combination, product of circles",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "in combination, product of circles",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tor"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bossell"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "word": "torus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "word": "vannikka"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tore"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Wulst"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "convex molding",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "toro"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "huātuō",
      "sense": "receptacle",
      "word": "花托"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "receptacle",
      "word": "kukkapohjus"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "torus (disambiguation)"
  ],
  "word": "torus"
}

Download raw JSONL data for torus meaning in English (17.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.",
  "path": [
    "torus"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "torus",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.",
  "path": [
    "torus"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "torus",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.",
  "path": [
    "torus"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "torus",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: topology, in combination, n-torus, 4-torus, etc.",
  "path": [
    "torus"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "torus",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.