"char" meaning in English

See char in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], [t͡ʃaː] [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃɑɹ] [US], [t͡ʃɑ˞] [US], /t͡ʃaɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃaɹ] [US], [t͡ʃa˞] [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav [Southern-England] Forms: chars [plural], char [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: Back-formation from charcoal. Etymology templates: {{back-form|en|charcoal}} Back-formation from charcoal Head templates: {{en-noun|s|char}} char (plural chars or char)
  1. A charred substance. Categories (topical): Fire Synonyms: charcoal Translations (charred substance): puuhiili (english: charcoal made of wood) (Finnish), hiili [usually] (Finnish), Kohle [feminine] (German), άνθρακας (ánthrakas) [masculine] (Greek), κάρβουνο (kárvouno) [neuter] (Greek), ја́глен (jáglen) [masculine] (Macedonian), у́голь (úgolʹ) [masculine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-beJoHpHJ Disambiguation of Fire: 32 7 2 3 7 3 10 2 7 11 3 3 4 3 3 Categories (other): English back-formations Disambiguation of English back-formations: 14 44 42
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: chewre [obsolete]
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃɑɹ] [US], [t͡ʃɑ˞] [US] Forms: chars [plural], char [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: Unknown, perhaps from Celtic, such as Irish ceara (“fiery red”) (found in personal names). Or, perhaps borrowed from Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz, related to *skeraną (“to cut”), referring to its shape. If so, related to shard. Etymology templates: {{unk|en}} Unknown, {{der|en|cel|-}} Celtic, {{der|en|ga|ceara|t=fiery red}} Irish ceara (“fiery red”), {{der|en|gml|schar|t=flounder, dab}} Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*skardaz}} Proto-Germanic *skardaz, {{m|gem-pro|*skeraną||to cut}} *skeraną (“to cut”), {{m|en|shard}} shard Head templates: {{en-noun|s|char}} char (plural chars or char)
  1. Any of the several species of fishes of the genus Salvelinus. Categories (lifeform): Salmonids Synonyms: charr Derived forms: American brook char, Arctic char Translations (fish): езерна пъстърва (ezerna pǎstǎrva) [feminine] (Bulgarian), rødding [common-gender] (Danish), puronieriä (Finnish), nieriä (Finnish), omble [masculine] (French), Saibling [masculine] (German), Röötel [Alemannic-German, masculine] (German), szaibling (Hungarian), szemling (Hungarian), bleikjuættkvísl [feminine] (Icelandic), salmerino [masculine] (Italian), ручьева́я форе́ль (ručʹjevája forélʹ) [feminine] (Russian), форе́ль (forélʹ) [feminine] (Russian), пестру́шка (pestrúška) [feminine] (Russian), salvelino (Spanish), röding [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-1GtuaMCA Disambiguation of Salmonids: 5 38 1 2 2 6 2 1 5 17 14 1 3 1 1 Categories (other): English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 6 21 1 4 4 6 8 1 12 16 14 2 3 2 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃɑɹ] [US], [t͡ʃɑ˞] [US] Forms: chars [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”). Cognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|cherre||odd job}} Middle English cherre (“odd job”), {{inh|en|ang|ċierr||a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business}} Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), {{m|ang|ċierran||to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce}} ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*karzijaną||to turn}} Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*gers-||to bend, turn}} Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”), {{cog|nl|keer||a time, turn, occasion}} Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), {{cog|de|Kehre||a turn, bight, bend}} German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”), {{m|de|kehren||to sweep}} kehren (“to sweep”), {{m|de|umkehren||to return or reverse}} umkehren (“to return or reverse”), {{cog|el|γύρος||a bout, whirl}} Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), {{m|en|gyre}} gyre, {{m|en|chore}} chore, {{m|en|ajar}} ajar Head templates: {{en-noun}} char (plural chars)
  1. (obsolete) A time; a turn or occasion. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-en:turn
  2. (obsolete) A turn of work; a labour or item of business. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-oEKJNgwB
  3. An odd job, a chore or piece of housework.
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-en:chore
  4. A charlady, a woman employed to do housework; cleaning lady. Translations (cleaning woman): чистачка (čistačka) [feminine] (Bulgarian), poetsvrouw [feminine] (Dutch), werkster [feminine] (Dutch), taloudenhoitaja (Finnish), siivooja (Finnish), femme de ménage [feminine] (French), bonne [feminine] (French), Putzfrau [feminine] (German), παραδουλεύτρα (paradouléftra) [feminine] (Greek), καθαρίστρια (katharístria) [feminine] (Greek), domestica [feminine] (Italian), чи́стачка (čístačka) [feminine] (Macedonian), изме́ќарка (izméḱarka) [feminine] (Macedonian), sprzątaczka [feminine] (Polish), убо́рщица (ubórščica) [feminine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-2tvlsJdp Disambiguation of 'cleaning woman': 2 2 9 88
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: charlady, charwoman, cleaning lady, cleaning woman, chare Related terms: chore
Etymology number: 3

Noun

IPA: /ˈkæɹ/ [UK], /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], /kɛə/ [UK], /kɑː/ [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], /kɛɹ/ [US], /kɑɹ/ [US] Forms: chars [plural]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: Abbreviation of character, used as the name of a data type in some programming languages, including notably C. Etymology templates: {{m|en|character}} character Head templates: {{en-noun}} char (plural chars)
  1. (computing, programming) A character (text element such as a letter or symbol). Categories (topical): Computing, Programming Translations (a character in programming): char [masculine] (Portuguese)
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-9KFuEfXu Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, programming, sciences Disambiguation of 'a character in programming': 72 28
  2. A character (being involved in the action of a story).
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-i7bOsAPw
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: signed char, unsigned char Related terms: charset, charstring Coordinate_terms: byte, double, float, int, long, short
Etymology number: 4

Noun

Etymology: Non-rhotic spelling of cha. Etymology templates: {{m|en|cha}} cha Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} char (uncountable)
  1. (Britain) Alternative form of cha (“tea”) Tags: Britain, alt-of, alternative, uncountable Alternative form of: cha (extra: tea) Related terms: char kway teow, char siew, char siu, char siu bao, zi char
    Sense id: en-char-en-noun-p9tMbdwg Categories (other): British English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 5

Verb

IPA: /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], [t͡ʃaː] [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃɑɹ] [US], [t͡ʃɑ˞] [US], /t͡ʃaɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃaɹ] [US], [t͡ʃa˞] [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav [Southern-England] Forms: chars [present, singular, third-person], charring [participle, present], charred [participle, past], charred [past]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: Back-formation from charcoal. Etymology templates: {{back-form|en|charcoal}} Back-formation from charcoal Head templates: {{en-verb}} char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charring, simple past and past participle charred)
  1. (ergative) To burn something to charcoal. Tags: ergative Translations (to burn something to charcoal): овъглявам (ovǎgljavam) (Bulgarian), carbonitzar (Catalan), 烧焦 (shāojiāo) (Chinese Mandarin), verkolen (Dutch), hiiltää (Finnish), carboniser (French), carbonizar (Galician), ankohlen (German), verkohlen (German), καρβουνιάζω (karvouniázo) (Greek), elszenesít (Hungarian), karbonizál (Hungarian), carbonizzare (Italian), јагле́ниса (jaglénisa) (Macedonian), zwęglić [perfective] (Polish), zwęglać [imperfective] (Polish), carbonizar (Portuguese), обу́гливать (obúglivatʹ) (Russian), обу́глить (obúglitʹ) (Russian), carbonizar (Spanish), förkolna (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-9nr44H7I Categories (other): English back-formations, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English back-formations: 14 44 42 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1 Disambiguation of 'to burn something to charcoal': 75 25
  2. To burn slightly or superficially so as to affect colour. Translations (to burn slightly): обгарям (obgarjam) (Bulgarian), socarrar (Catalan), hiillyttää (Finnish), kärventää (Finnish), ansengen (German), versengen (German), по́црни (pócrni) (Macedonian), по́гори (pógori) (Macedonian), ngunu (Maori), hunuhunu (Maori), opalać [imperfective] (Polish), opalić [perfective] (Polish), chamuscar (Portuguese), чернить (černitʹ) (Russian), копти́ть (koptítʹ) (Russian), обжигать (obžigatʹ) (Russian), опалять (opaljatʹ) (Russian), प्लोषति (ploṣati) (Sanskrit)
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-dC48skG3 Categories (other): English back-formations, English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English back-formations: 14 44 42 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 53 47 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1 Disambiguation of 'to burn slightly': 42 58
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: coal, blacken, scorch, sear, singe, chewre [obsolete]
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /t͡ʃɑː/ [UK], /t͡ʃɑɹ/ [US], [t͡ʃɑɹ] [US], [t͡ʃɑ˞] [US] Forms: chars [present, singular, third-person], charing [participle, present], charring [participle, present], chared [participle, past], chared [past], charred [participle, past], charred [past]
Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ) Etymology: From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”). Cognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|cherre||odd job}} Middle English cherre (“odd job”), {{inh|en|ang|ċierr||a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business}} Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), {{m|ang|ċierran||to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce}} ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), {{inh|en|gem-pro|*karzijaną||to turn}} Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*gers-||to bend, turn}} Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”), {{cog|nl|keer||a time, turn, occasion}} Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), {{cog|de|Kehre||a turn, bight, bend}} German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”), {{m|de|kehren||to sweep}} kehren (“to sweep”), {{m|de|umkehren||to return or reverse}} umkehren (“to return or reverse”), {{cog|el|γύρος||a bout, whirl}} Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), {{m|en|gyre}} gyre, {{m|en|chore}} chore, {{m|en|ajar}} ajar Head templates: {{en-verb|chars|charing|chared|past2=charred|pres_ptc2=charring}} char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charing or charring, simple past and past participle chared or charred)
  1. (obsolete) To turn, especially away or aside. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-20P34XuM
  2. To work, especially to do housework; to work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant.
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-5dl1u-Rl
  3. (obsolete) To perform; to do; to finish. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-DcV2djlE
  4. To work or hew (stone, etc.)
    Sense id: en-char-en-verb-nmjIRmZo
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: chare
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for char meaning in English (32.2kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "charcoal"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from charcoal",
      "name": "back-form"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from charcoal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charring, simple past and past participle charred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 44 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To burn something to charcoal."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-9nr44H7I",
      "links": [
        [
          "charcoal",
          "charcoal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ergative) To burn something to charcoal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ergative"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ovǎgljavam",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "овъглявам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carbonitzar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shāojiāo",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "烧焦"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "verkolen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "hiiltää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carboniser"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carbonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "ankohlen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "verkohlen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "karvouniázo",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "καρβουνιάζω"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "elszenesít"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "karbonizál"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carbonizzare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "jaglénisa",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "јагле́ниса"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "zwęglić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "zwęglać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carbonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "obúglivatʹ",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "обу́гливать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "obúglitʹ",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "обу́глить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "carbonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "75 25",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
          "word": "förkolna"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 44 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To burn slightly or superficially so as to affect colour."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-dC48skG3",
      "links": [
        [
          "slightly",
          "slightly"
        ],
        [
          "superficially",
          "superficially"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "obgarjam",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "обгарям"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "socarrar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "hiillyttää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "kärventää"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "ansengen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "versengen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "pócrni",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "по́црни"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "pógori",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "по́гори"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "ngunu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "hunuhunu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "opalać"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "opalić"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "chamuscar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "černitʹ",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "чернить"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "koptítʹ",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "копти́ть"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "obžigatʹ",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "обжигать"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "opaljatʹ",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "опалять"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "42 58",
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "ploṣati",
          "sense": "to burn slightly",
          "word": "प्लोषति"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃa˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "coal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "blacken"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "scorch"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "sear"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "singe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "chewre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "charcoal"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from charcoal",
      "name": "back-form"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from charcoal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "char",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "char"
      },
      "expansion": "char (plural chars or char)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 44 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English back-formations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 7 2 3 7 3 10 2 7 11 3 3 4 3 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Fire",
          "orig": "en:Fire",
          "parents": [
            "Combustion",
            "Light sources",
            "Chemical processes",
            "Light",
            "Nature",
            "Energy",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A charred substance."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-beJoHpHJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "charcoal"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "charcoal made of wood",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "word": "puuhiili"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "usually"
          ],
          "word": "hiili"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Kohle"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "ánthrakas",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "άνθρακας"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kárvouno",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "κάρβουνο"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "jáglen",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ја́глен"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "úgolʹ",
          "sense": "charred substance",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "у́голь"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃa˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "chewre"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ga",
        "3": "ceara",
        "t": "fiery red"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish ceara (“fiery red”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "schar",
        "t": "flounder, dab"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skardaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skeraną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "*skeraną (“to cut”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shard"
      },
      "expansion": "shard",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown, perhaps from Celtic, such as Irish ceara (“fiery red”) (found in personal names). Or, perhaps borrowed from Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz, related to *skeraną (“to cut”), referring to its shape. If so, related to shard.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "char",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "char"
      },
      "expansion": "char (plural chars or char)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 1 1 3 5 5 1 8 25 22 1 2 1 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 21 1 4 4 6 8 1 12 16 14 2 3 2 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 38 1 2 2 6 2 1 5 17 14 1 3 1 1",
          "kind": "lifeform",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Salmonids",
          "orig": "en:Salmonids",
          "parents": [
            "Fish",
            "Vertebrates",
            "Chordates",
            "Animals",
            "Lifeforms",
            "All topics",
            "Life",
            "Fundamental",
            "Nature"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "American brook char"
        },
        {
          "word": "Arctic char"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Among other native delicacies, they give you fresh char.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of the several species of fishes of the genus Salvelinus."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-1GtuaMCA",
      "links": [
        [
          "Salvelinus",
          "Salvelinus#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "charr"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ezerna pǎstǎrva",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "езерна пъстърва"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "rødding"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fish",
          "word": "puronieriä"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fish",
          "word": "nieriä"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "omble"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Saibling"
        },
        {
          "code": "gsw",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "Alemannic-German",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Röötel"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "fish",
          "word": "szaibling"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "fish",
          "word": "szemling"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bleikjuættkvísl"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "salmerino"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ručʹjevája forélʹ",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ручьева́я форе́ль"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "forélʹ",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "форе́ль"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pestrúška",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пестру́шка"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "fish",
          "word": "salvelino"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "fish",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "röding"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "cherre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "odd job"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English cherre (“odd job”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċierr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ċierran",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce"
      },
      "expansion": "ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*karzijaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gers-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend, turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "keer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a time, turn, occasion"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kehre",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a turn, bight, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sweep"
      },
      "expansion": "kehren (“to sweep”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "umkehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to return or reverse"
      },
      "expansion": "umkehren (“to return or reverse”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "γύρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a bout, whirl"
      },
      "expansion": "Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gyre"
      },
      "expansion": "gyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chore"
      },
      "expansion": "chore",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ajar"
      },
      "expansion": "ajar",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”).\nCognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (plural chars)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "chore"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A time; a turn or occasion."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-en:turn",
      "links": [
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ],
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "occasion",
          "occasion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A time; a turn or occasion."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:turn"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "A turn of work; a labour or item of business."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-oEKJNgwB",
      "links": [
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A turn of work; a labour or item of business."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An odd job, a chore or piece of housework."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-en:chore",
      "links": [
        [
          "odd job",
          "odd job"
        ],
        [
          "chore",
          "chore"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:chore"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I had to scrub the kitchen today, because the char couldn't come.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A charlady, a woman employed to do housework; cleaning lady."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-2tvlsJdp",
      "links": [
        [
          "charlady",
          "charlady"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "čistačka",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "чистачка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "poetsvrouw"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "werkster"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "word": "taloudenhoitaja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "word": "siivooja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "femme de ménage"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bonne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Putzfrau"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "paradouléftra",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "παραδουλεύτρα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "katharístria",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "καθαρίστρια"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "domestica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "čístačka",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "чи́стачка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "izméḱarka",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "изме́ќарка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "sprzątaczka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 2 9 88",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ubórščica",
          "sense": "cleaning woman",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "убо́рщица"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "charlady"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "charwoman"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cleaning lady"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "cleaning woman"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "chare"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "cherre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "odd job"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English cherre (“odd job”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċierr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ċierran",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce"
      },
      "expansion": "ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*karzijaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gers-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend, turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "keer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a time, turn, occasion"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kehre",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a turn, bight, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sweep"
      },
      "expansion": "kehren (“to sweep”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "umkehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to return or reverse"
      },
      "expansion": "umkehren (“to return or reverse”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "γύρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a bout, whirl"
      },
      "expansion": "Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gyre"
      },
      "expansion": "gyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chore"
      },
      "expansion": "chore",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ajar"
      },
      "expansion": "ajar",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”).\nCognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chared",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chared",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chars",
        "2": "charing",
        "3": "chared",
        "past2": "charred",
        "pres_ptc2": "charring"
      },
      "expansion": "char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charing or charring, simple past and past participle chared or charred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn, especially away or aside."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-20P34XuM",
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To turn, especially away or aside."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 677",
          "text": "She explained that she was the commissionaire's wife, who did the charing, and I gave her the order for the coffee.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1897, W. Somerset Maugham, Lisa of Lambeth, chapter 2",
          "text": "Her husband had been a soldier, and from a grateful country she received a pension large enough to keep her from starvation, and by charring and doing such odd jobs as she could get she earned a little extra to supply herself with liquor."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To work, especially to do housework; to work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-5dl1u-Rl",
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To perform; to do; to finish."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-DcV2djlE",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To perform; to do; to finish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To work or hew (stone, etc.)"
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-verb-nmjIRmZo"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "chare"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "byte"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "double"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "float"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "int"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "long"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "short"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "signed char"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "unsigned char"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "character"
      },
      "expansion": "character",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviation of character, used as the name of a data type in some programming languages, including notably C.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (plural chars)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "charset"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "charstring"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "en:Computing",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Programming",
          "orig": "en:Programming",
          "parents": [
            "Computing",
            "Software engineering",
            "Technology",
            "Computer science",
            "Engineering",
            "Software",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Media",
            "Fundamental",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1975 April 23, Computerworld, page 21",
          "text": "The unit is an 80-column, 30 char. /sec dot matrix printer which uses a 5 by 7 font.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1997, Cay S Horstmann, Gary Cornell, Core Java 1.1: Fundamentals",
          "text": "Chars can be considered as integers if need be without an explicit cast.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1998, John R Hubbard, Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Fundamentals of Computing with C++",
          "text": "Then since each char occupies one byte, these four bytes represent the three letters 'B', 'y', 'e', and the null character NUL.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004, Kari Laitinen, A Natural Introduction to Computer Programming with C#",
          "text": "When a 32-bit int value is stored to a 16-bit char variable, information can be lost if the 16 most significant bits are not zeroes in the int value.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000, Ken Brownsey, The essence of data structures using C++",
          "text": "Thus string variables are pointer variables to chars.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002, Nell B. Dale, Michael McMillan, Visual Basic .NET: a laboratory course - Page 25",
          "text": ".NET uses the Unicode character set in which each char constant or variable takes up two bytes (16 bits) of storage."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A character (text element such as a letter or symbol)."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-9KFuEfXu",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing, programming) A character (text element such as a letter or symbol)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "72 28",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "a character in programming",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "char"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2006, Yzabel, quotee, “The Y Logs”, in Deborah Woehr, editor, 2006 Writer’s Blog Anthology: A Collection of Works by Writers Who Blog, [Morrisville, N.C.]: Lulu.com, page 93",
          "text": "In fact, when I somewhat lack inspiration, I tend to convert my characters according to the rules of a game which universe is close enough (I did it for some of the chars in my WIP, taking the Cyberpunk 2020 rulebook).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008 September, Soulhacker, quotee, “Ongoing MMO Wars”, in GameAxis Unwired, number 60, Singapore: SPH Magazines Pte Ltd, →ISSN, page 11",
          "text": "WoW exp I feel that it is just a progress from Lv70 to 80 and then back to square one to raid\\arena or die expansion. So I don’t see the point of going back just to level my char to 80 and let them idle at end-game.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020, Svitlana Klötzl, Birgit Swoboda, Interpersonal Positioning in English as a Lingua Franca Interactions, New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge",
          "text": "The class (an adventuring style (e.g. mage, warrior, hunter, etc.) of the character, which determines abilities, weapons, etc.) choice often also influences the gaming and language of a character during role-playing. As one of the participants states: / Character bound politeness is part of some of my chars – as well as impoliteness is. An example: A Paladin or Priest has to be polite in RPG according to his profession to the light, a Warlock is the opposite as well as rogues etc.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A character (being involved in the action of a story)."
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-i7bOsAPw",
      "links": [
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkæɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɛə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɛɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cha"
      },
      "expansion": "cha",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Non-rhotic spelling of cha.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "char (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tea",
          "word": "cha"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of cha (“tea”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-char-en-noun-p9tMbdwg",
      "links": [
        [
          "cha",
          "cha#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Britain) Alternative form of cha (“tea”)"
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "char kway teow"
        },
        {
          "word": "char siew"
        },
        {
          "word": "char siu"
        },
        {
          "word": "char siu bao"
        },
        {
          "word": "zi char"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Britain",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English back-formations",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English indeclinable nouns",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "charcoal"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from charcoal",
      "name": "back-form"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from charcoal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charring, simple past and past participle charred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English ergative verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To burn something to charcoal."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "charcoal",
          "charcoal"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(ergative) To burn something to charcoal."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "ergative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To burn slightly or superficially so as to affect colour."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "slightly",
          "slightly"
        ],
        [
          "superficially",
          "superficially"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃa˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "coal"
    },
    {
      "word": "blacken"
    },
    {
      "word": "scorch"
    },
    {
      "word": "sear"
    },
    {
      "word": "singe"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "chewre"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ovǎgljavam",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "овъглявам"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carbonitzar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shāojiāo",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "烧焦"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "verkolen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "hiiltää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carboniser"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carbonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "ankohlen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "verkohlen"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "karvouniázo",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "καρβουνιάζω"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "elszenesít"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "karbonizál"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carbonizzare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "jaglénisa",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "јагле́ниса"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwęglić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "zwęglać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carbonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obúglivatʹ",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "обу́гливать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obúglitʹ",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "обу́глить"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "carbonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "to burn something to charcoal",
      "word": "förkolna"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "obgarjam",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "обгарям"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "socarrar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "hiillyttää"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "kärventää"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "ansengen"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "versengen"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "pócrni",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "по́црни"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "pógori",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "по́гори"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "ngunu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "hunuhunu"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "opalać"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "opalić"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "chamuscar"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "černitʹ",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "чернить"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "koptítʹ",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "копти́ть"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "obžigatʹ",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "обжигать"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "opaljatʹ",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "опалять"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "ploṣati",
      "sense": "to burn slightly",
      "word": "प्लोषति"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English back-formations",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English indeclinable nouns",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "charcoal"
      },
      "expansion": "Back-formation from charcoal",
      "name": "back-form"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from charcoal.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "char",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "char"
      },
      "expansion": "char (plural chars or char)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A charred substance."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "substance",
          "substance"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaː]",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃaɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃaɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃa˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-char.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7a/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-char.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "charcoal"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "chewre"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "charcoal made of wood",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "word": "puuhiili"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ],
      "word": "hiili"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Kohle"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "ánthrakas",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "άνθρακας"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kárvouno",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "κάρβουνο"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "jáglen",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ја́глен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "úgolʹ",
      "sense": "charred substance",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "у́голь"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English indeclinable nouns",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Celtic languages",
    "English terms derived from Irish",
    "English terms derived from Middle Low German",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with unknown etymologies",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "American brook char"
    },
    {
      "word": "Arctic char"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en"
      },
      "expansion": "Unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Celtic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ga",
        "3": "ceara",
        "t": "fiery red"
      },
      "expansion": "Irish ceara (“fiery red”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gml",
        "3": "schar",
        "t": "flounder, dab"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*skardaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *skardaz",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*skeraną",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "*skeraną (“to cut”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "shard"
      },
      "expansion": "shard",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Unknown, perhaps from Celtic, such as Irish ceara (“fiery red”) (found in personal names). Or, perhaps borrowed from Middle Low German schar (“flounder, dab”), from Proto-Germanic *skardaz, related to *skeraną (“to cut”), referring to its shape. If so, related to shard.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "char",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "char"
      },
      "expansion": "char (plural chars or char)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Among other native delicacies, they give you fresh char.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any of the several species of fishes of the genus Salvelinus."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Salvelinus",
          "Salvelinus#Translingual"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "charr"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ezerna pǎstǎrva",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "езерна пъстърва"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "rødding"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fish",
      "word": "puronieriä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fish",
      "word": "nieriä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "omble"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Saibling"
    },
    {
      "code": "gsw",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "Alemannic-German",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Röötel"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "fish",
      "word": "szaibling"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "fish",
      "word": "szemling"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bleikjuættkvísl"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "salmerino"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ručʹjevája forélʹ",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ручьева́я форе́ль"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "forélʹ",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "форе́ль"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pestrúška",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пестру́шка"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "fish",
      "word": "salvelino"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "fish",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "röding"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "cherre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "odd job"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English cherre (“odd job”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċierr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ċierran",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce"
      },
      "expansion": "ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*karzijaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gers-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend, turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "keer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a time, turn, occasion"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kehre",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a turn, bight, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sweep"
      },
      "expansion": "kehren (“to sweep”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "umkehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to return or reverse"
      },
      "expansion": "umkehren (“to return or reverse”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "γύρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a bout, whirl"
      },
      "expansion": "Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gyre"
      },
      "expansion": "gyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chore"
      },
      "expansion": "chore",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ajar"
      },
      "expansion": "ajar",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”).\nCognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (plural chars)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "chore"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A time; a turn or occasion."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "time",
          "time"
        ],
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ],
        [
          "occasion",
          "occasion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A time; a turn or occasion."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:turn"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A turn of work; a labour or item of business."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "labour",
          "labour"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A turn of work; a labour or item of business."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "An odd job, a chore or piece of housework."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "odd job",
          "odd job"
        ],
        [
          "chore",
          "chore"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:chore"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "I had to scrub the kitchen today, because the char couldn't come.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A charlady, a woman employed to do housework; cleaning lady."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "charlady",
          "charlady"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "charlady"
    },
    {
      "word": "charwoman"
    },
    {
      "word": "cleaning lady"
    },
    {
      "word": "cleaning woman"
    },
    {
      "word": "chare"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "čistačka",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "чистачка"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "poetsvrouw"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "werkster"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "word": "taloudenhoitaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "word": "siivooja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "femme de ménage"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bonne"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Putzfrau"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "paradouléftra",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "παραδουλεύτρα"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "katharístria",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "καθαρίστρια"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "domestica"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "čístačka",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "чи́стачка"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "izméḱarka",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "изме́ќарка"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "sprzątaczka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ubórščica",
      "sense": "cleaning woman",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "убо́рщица"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "cherre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "odd job"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English cherre (“odd job”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "ċierr",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ċierran",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce"
      },
      "expansion": "ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*karzijaną",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gers-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to bend, turn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "keer",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a time, turn, occasion"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Kehre",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a turn, bight, bend"
      },
      "expansion": "German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "kehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to sweep"
      },
      "expansion": "kehren (“to sweep”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "umkehren",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to return or reverse"
      },
      "expansion": "umkehren (“to return or reverse”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "γύρος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "a bout, whirl"
      },
      "expansion": "Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gyre"
      },
      "expansion": "gyre",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "chore"
      },
      "expansion": "chore",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ajar"
      },
      "expansion": "ajar",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English cherre (“odd job”), from Old English ċierr (“a turn, change, time, occasion, affair, business”), from ċierran (“to turn, change, turn oneself, go, come, proceed, turn back, return, regard, translate, persuade, convert, be converted, agree to, submit, make to submit, reduce”), from Proto-Germanic *karzijaną (“to turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *gers- (“to bend, turn”).\nCognate with Dutch keer (“a time, turn, occasion”), German Kehre (“a turn, bight, bend”) and kehren (“to sweep”) or umkehren (“to return or reverse”), Greek γύρος (gýros, “a bout, whirl”), gyre. More at chore, ajar.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charing",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charring",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chared",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chared",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "charred",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chars",
        "2": "charing",
        "3": "chared",
        "past2": "charred",
        "pres_ptc2": "charring"
      },
      "expansion": "char (third-person singular simple present chars, present participle charing or charring, simple past and past participle chared or charred)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To turn, especially away or aside."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "turn",
          "turn"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To turn, especially away or aside."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1893, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Naval Treaty, Norton, published 2005, page 677",
          "text": "She explained that she was the commissionaire's wife, who did the charing, and I gave her the order for the coffee.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1897, W. Somerset Maugham, Lisa of Lambeth, chapter 2",
          "text": "Her husband had been a soldier, and from a grateful country she received a pension large enough to keep her from starvation, and by charring and doing such odd jobs as she could get she earned a little extra to supply herself with liquor."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To work, especially to do housework; to work by the day, without being a regularly hired servant."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To perform; to do; to finish."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To perform; to do; to finish."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To work or hew (stone, etc.)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑɹ]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[t͡ʃɑ˞]",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "chare"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)",
    "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "byte"
    },
    {
      "word": "double"
    },
    {
      "word": "float"
    },
    {
      "word": "int"
    },
    {
      "word": "long"
    },
    {
      "word": "short"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "signed char"
    },
    {
      "word": "unsigned char"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "character"
      },
      "expansion": "character",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Abbreviation of character, used as the name of a data type in some programming languages, including notably C.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chars",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "char (plural chars)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "charset"
    },
    {
      "word": "charstring"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Computing",
        "en:Programming"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1975 April 23, Computerworld, page 21",
          "text": "The unit is an 80-column, 30 char. /sec dot matrix printer which uses a 5 by 7 font.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1997, Cay S Horstmann, Gary Cornell, Core Java 1.1: Fundamentals",
          "text": "Chars can be considered as integers if need be without an explicit cast.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1998, John R Hubbard, Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Fundamentals of Computing with C++",
          "text": "Then since each char occupies one byte, these four bytes represent the three letters 'B', 'y', 'e', and the null character NUL.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2004, Kari Laitinen, A Natural Introduction to Computer Programming with C#",
          "text": "When a 32-bit int value is stored to a 16-bit char variable, information can be lost if the 16 most significant bits are not zeroes in the int value.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2000, Ken Brownsey, The essence of data structures using C++",
          "text": "Thus string variables are pointer variables to chars.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2002, Nell B. Dale, Michael McMillan, Visual Basic .NET: a laboratory course - Page 25",
          "text": ".NET uses the Unicode character set in which each char constant or variable takes up two bytes (16 bits) of storage."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A character (text element such as a letter or symbol)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing, programming) A character (text element such as a letter or symbol)."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2006, Yzabel, quotee, “The Y Logs”, in Deborah Woehr, editor, 2006 Writer’s Blog Anthology: A Collection of Works by Writers Who Blog, [Morrisville, N.C.]: Lulu.com, page 93",
          "text": "In fact, when I somewhat lack inspiration, I tend to convert my characters according to the rules of a game which universe is close enough (I did it for some of the chars in my WIP, taking the Cyberpunk 2020 rulebook).",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2008 September, Soulhacker, quotee, “Ongoing MMO Wars”, in GameAxis Unwired, number 60, Singapore: SPH Magazines Pte Ltd, →ISSN, page 11",
          "text": "WoW exp I feel that it is just a progress from Lv70 to 80 and then back to square one to raid\\arena or die expansion. So I don’t see the point of going back just to level my char to 80 and let them idle at end-game.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020, Svitlana Klötzl, Birgit Swoboda, Interpersonal Positioning in English as a Lingua Franca Interactions, New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge",
          "text": "The class (an adventuring style (e.g. mage, warrior, hunter, etc.) of the character, which determines abilities, weapons, etc.) choice often also influences the gaming and language of a character during role-playing. As one of the participants states: / Character bound politeness is part of some of my chars – as well as impoliteness is. An example: A Paladin or Priest has to be polite in RPG according to his profession to the light, a Warlock is the opposite as well as rogues etc.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A character (being involved in the action of a story)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "character",
          "character"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkæɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɛə/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑː/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɛɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑɹ/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "a character in programming",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "char"
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "en:Fire",
    "en:Salmonids"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 5,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cha"
      },
      "expansion": "cha",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Non-rhotic spelling of cha.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "char (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "char kway teow"
    },
    {
      "word": "char siew"
    },
    {
      "word": "char siu"
    },
    {
      "word": "char siu bao"
    },
    {
      "word": "zi char"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "tea",
          "word": "cha"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "British English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of cha (“tea”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cha",
          "cha#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Britain) Alternative form of cha (“tea”)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Britain",
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "char"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.