See bog in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "blanket bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-asphodel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog asphodel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog bean"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog berry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog bilberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-black"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-blitter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog blueberry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-bluiter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog body"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-brained"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-bred"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog brush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-bumper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog butter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-butter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog cinquefoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog clubmoss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog cotton"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-deal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog deal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-earth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog earth"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-fir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog fir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog garden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-garden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog gas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogger"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggify"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogginess"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boghaunter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-hay"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog hay"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-head"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boghead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Boghead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boghole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-hole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-house"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boghouse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog Irish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog iron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog iron ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-jumper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-land"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogland"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Bogland"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Boglander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boglander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Bog-Lander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-lander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Bog Latin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog Latin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-laurel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog laurel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogless"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boglet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boglike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog manganese"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-mine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog mine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-mine-ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog mine ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogmire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-mire"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-mold"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog moss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-moss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-mould"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog myrtle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-myrtle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog nut"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog oak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog onion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-onion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog orange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog orchid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog orchis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-ore"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog paper"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-peat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog peat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-people"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog people"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog person"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-pimpernel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog pimpernel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-pine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog pink"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-pit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-plant"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bograt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-roll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogroll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog roll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog rosemary"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogrush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-rush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog rush"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-shop"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog snorkeling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog spavin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-spavin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogspaving"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog stalker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-stalker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog standard"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogsucker"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-timber"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog trefoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-trot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-trotter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogtrotter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog trotting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-trotting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogtrotting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-turf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog turtle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog violet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-water"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-way"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-wheel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogwood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-wood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogwort"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bull-of-the-bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cataract bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chicken bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "embog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "featherbed bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "floating bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mud bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "northern bog lemming"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peatbog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "peat bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "quaking bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "raised bog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unbog"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggish"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English bog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bog"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bog",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Irish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gd",
"3": "bogach",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, boggy ground"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bog (“soft”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*buggos",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \"bog\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.",
"forms": [
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"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
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"name": "en-noun"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog-standard"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)"
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-en:swamp",
"links": [
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"spongy"
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[
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[
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"acidic"
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[
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"rain"
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[
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[
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[
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],
[
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[
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"qualifier": "wetland science",
"raw_glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)"
],
"senseid": [
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"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:",
"text": "He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"Boggy ground."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-en:swamp1",
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"raw_glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"(uncountable) Boggy ground."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:",
"text": "They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:",
"text": "Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:",
"text": "Bog may by draining be made Meadow.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:",
"text": "[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:",
"text": "[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:",
"text": "You're dancing in quicksand\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\nAnd you may never come back again\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):",
"text": "U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-en:swamp1",
"links": [
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],
[
"sphagnum",
"sphagnum"
],
[
"moss",
"moss"
],
[
"spongy",
"spongy"
],
[
"mire",
"mire"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:swamp"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 7 7 7 14 2 3 5 12 2 4 6 1 3 2 4 3 1 1 2 8 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Wetlands",
"orig": "en:Wetlands",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:",
"text": "...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:",
"text": "Last day my mind was in a bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:",
"text": "He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 17 17 29 0 0 19 0",
"sense": "small marsh",
"word": "boglet"
}
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-ANV0tqQh",
"links": [
[
"Confusion",
"confusion"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 36 12 3 9 12",
"sense": "any place or thing that impedes progress",
"word": "mire"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 10 10 36 12 3 9 12",
"sense": "any place or thing that impedes progress",
"word": "quagmire"
}
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Irish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 2 2 3 11 3 5 12 2 4 3 1 3 3 4 14 1 1 1 12 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Toilet (room)",
"orig": "en:Toilet (room)",
"parents": [
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Body",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:",
"text": "Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:",
"text": "...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:",
"text": "Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:",
"text": "Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-en:toilet",
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
],
[
"latrine",
"latrine"
],
[
"outhouse",
"outhouse"
],
[
"toilet",
"toilet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet."
],
"senseid": [
"en:toilet"
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Ireland",
"New-Zealand",
"UK",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "New Zealand English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act or instance of defecation."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-7uD5ZGsA",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"defecation",
"defecation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 3 3 4 4 4 11 12 3 4 3 3 3 4 6 4 3 2 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English calculator words",
"parents": [
"Calculator words",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Terms by lexical property"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-gPInB3NM",
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 24 0 0 33 0",
"sense": "like a marsh",
"word": "boggy"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 24 0 0 33 0",
"sense": "like a marsh",
"word": "boggish"
},
{
"_dis1": "17 8 8 7 10 10 28 12",
"sense": "marshy quality",
"word": "bogginess"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 14 14 24 0 0 33 0",
"sense": "to create a marsh",
"word": "boggify"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 3 3 4 4 4 11 12 3 4 3 3 3 4 6 4 3 2 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English calculator words",
"parents": [
"Calculator words",
"Terms by orthographic property",
"Terms by lexical property"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 4 3 3 3 3 4 6 18 1 6 3 1 4 3 6 4 1 0 2 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 6 4 6 8 6 16 8 2 10 4 10 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 6 7 12 17 4 2 4 3 11 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bashkir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 5 5 6 8 20 6 2 7 5 9 8 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 4 6 6 8 20 5 1 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 4 6 6 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 7 7 8 19 5 2 5 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 3 7 8 8 21 5 1 7 3 11 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 6 5 6 6 18 7 3 8 5 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 1 6 4 11 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 6 8 20 5 2 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Faroese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 4 6 7 8 19 5 1 7 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 6 6 5 6 6 17 6 3 8 5 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 6 8 20 5 2 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 5 5 6 7 19 7 2 9 5 8 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 6 6 6 4 8 8 15 6 3 7 5 10 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 5 6 8 7 19 5 2 6 4 9 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 4 6 8 10 18 5 2 5 4 11 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 7 6 10 21 5 1 6 3 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 5 5 6 7 20 6 2 8 5 8 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 6 8 6 19 6 2 7 5 10 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 2 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kumyk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 5 7 7 20 6 2 8 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 6 8 20 5 2 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 1 6 4 11 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 5 7 7 20 6 2 8 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 5 7 6 11 16 4 2 5 4 12 10 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 6 6 9 22 5 1 6 4 9 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 4 6 6 8 19 5 2 6 4 10 8 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 4 5 6 8 28 5 1 6 5 9 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 4 7 7 10 18 4 1 4 3 10 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 4 6 6 8 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 5 7 6 8 17 6 2 7 5 9 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 4 6 7 9 19 4 1 5 4 12 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 5 6 8 6 19 6 2 7 5 10 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 4 6 6 8 21 5 2 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 4 6 6 9 20 4 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 4 6 7 9 21 5 2 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Shor translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 5 5 5 5 6 6 22 6 2 8 5 8 7 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 6 9 20 6 1 7 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 4 4 6 6 8 20 5 2 6 4 10 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 3 5 6 7 33 5 1 7 3 9 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 5 5 4 6 6 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 4 6 7 9 20 5 1 6 4 10 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 6 6 5 6 6 18 7 3 8 5 9 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 3 3 6 3 5 16 2 5 3 1 4 3 4 9 1 1 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Buildings",
"orig": "en:Buildings",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 3 3 3 7 3 5 15 2 5 3 1 4 3 4 10 1 1 2 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rooms",
"orig": "en:Rooms",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 2 2 3 11 3 5 12 2 4 3 1 3 3 4 14 1 1 1 12 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Toilet (room)",
"orig": "en:Toilet (room)",
"parents": [
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Body",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 7 7 7 14 2 3 5 12 2 4 6 1 3 2 4 3 1 1 2 8 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Wetlands",
"orig": "en:Wetlands",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:",
"text": "Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:",
"text": "I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:",
"text": "Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chicken bog."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-KfcKXVVh",
"links": [
[
"Chicken bog",
"chicken bog#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) Chicken bog."
],
"tags": [
"US"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "moeras"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "vlei"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataq"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataqlıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "sucuq"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "haź",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "һаҙ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "zohikaztegi"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "balóta",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бало́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bláto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бла́то"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aiguamoll"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼澤"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǎozé",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼泽"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rašeliniště"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vrchoviště"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bažina"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "močál"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mokřina"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mose"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "sump"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "moeras"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "moer"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zomp"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "marĉo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "marĉejo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "raba"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "soo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mýra"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "suo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "neva"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tourbière"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "braña"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boedo"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "tremedal"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trémbora"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hochmoor"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élos",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "έλος"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "télma",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέλμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bitsá",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביצה"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "láp"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mocsár"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bogach"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "portach"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palude"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torbiera"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"alt": "しょうたく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōtaku",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼沢"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"alt": "ぬまち",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "numachi",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼地"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "batmaq",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "батмакъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "batmaqlıq",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "батмакълыкъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palūs"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lāma"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purvs"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purvājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "muklājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "staignums"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Mouer"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "catuppŭ",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "ചതുപ്പ്"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "curragh"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "namag",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "намаг"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sump"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kjerr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sump"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "batak",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "باتاق"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hılaş",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "خلاش"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xalâš",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "خلاش"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torfowisko"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bajoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "błoto"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turfeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bolóto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "боло́то"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "topʹ",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "топь"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "paṅka",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पङ्क"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boglach"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tresetište"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "сас"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciénaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pantano"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "humedal"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mosse"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kuminoy"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "burak"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kaburakan"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "tumok"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "หนอง"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kärkkālle"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataklık"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bolóto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "боло́то"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cors"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mign"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 10 10 8 7 10 6 38",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "siglen"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "22 22 22 7 2 3 4 17",
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "bogg"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 22 7 2 3 4 17",
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "bogge"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 22 7 2 3 4 17",
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "boghe"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 22 22 7 2 3 4 17",
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "swamp"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogged"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog in"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog into"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "de-bogging"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "mud bogging"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog off"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English bog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bog"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bog",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Irish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gd",
"3": "bogach",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, boggy ground"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bog (“soft”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*buggos",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \"bog\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:",
"text": "To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-hQlLd6Fp",
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"submerge",
"submerge"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"bogland",
"bogland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now often with \"down\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"down\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:",
"text": "[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:",
"text": "[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-z6uaDmQg",
"links": [
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"slow",
"slow"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"making",
"making"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:",
"text": "Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sink and stick in bogland."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-4e0H6N7D",
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"bogland",
"bogland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, now often with \"down\") To sink and stick in bogland."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"down\""
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"often"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-xWOncgQe",
"links": [
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
],
[
"making",
"making"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"stuck",
"stuck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uváznout"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uvíznout"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "s’enliser"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "insabbiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "affossare"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "atolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zastrevatʹ",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "застревать"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvjazatʹ",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "увязать"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 4 6 74 5 4 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "pegado"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To defecate, to void one's bowels."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-UCCyDTSC",
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
],
[
"void",
"void"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"bowel",
"bowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Australian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 2 2 3 11 3 5 12 2 4 3 1 3 3 4 14 1 1 1 12 11",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Toilet (room)",
"orig": "en:Toilet (room)",
"parents": [
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Body",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or spray with excrement."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-Y0yMVjHK",
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"spray",
"spray"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To make a mess of something."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-n-42vuBA",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 100",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "make a mess of something",
"word": "incasinare"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bogg"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "bogue"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See bug",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (plural bogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a bugbear, monster, or terror",
"word": "bug"
}
],
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "take bog"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun--kn76EKg",
"links": [
[
"bug",
"bug#English"
],
[
"bugbear",
"bugbear"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"terror",
"terror"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bogge"
},
{
"word": "bug"
}
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "boggish"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \"big\" and \"puffed up\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogger",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "boggest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boggishly"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:",
"text": "The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:",
"text": "Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bold; boastful; proud."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-adj-y8tkUzUY",
"links": [
[
"Bold",
"bold#English"
],
[
"boastful",
"boastful"
],
[
"proud",
"proud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \"big\" and \"puffed up\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (plural bogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:",
"text": "Their bog it nuver ceases.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Puffery, boastfulness."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-noun-dvcmQ2Lz",
"links": [
[
"Puffery",
"puffery#English"
],
[
"boastfulness",
"boastfulness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
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{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \"big\" and \"puffed up\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:",
"text": "If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154",
"text": "A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To provoke, to bug."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-Kaa4pI55",
"links": [
[
"provoke",
"provoke"
],
[
"bug",
"bug"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "13 36 51",
"alt": "Derbyshire & Lincolnshire",
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "bug"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bog off"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_text": "From bug off, a clipping of bugger off, likely under the influence of bog (coarse British slang for \"toilet[s]\").",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
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"participle",
"past"
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},
{
"form": "bogged",
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To go away."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-ME5BL39c",
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \"off\") To go away."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"off\""
],
"tags": [
"British",
"euphemistic",
"slang",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
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},
{
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"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
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{
"enpr": "bŏg",
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{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
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},
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],
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}
{
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"etymology_text": "From an abbreviation of Bogdanoff, in reference to Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "bogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
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},
{
"form": "bogged",
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spag bog"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 5 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 3 8 1 4 2 0 3 1 4 3 1 0 1 10 10 5 5 2 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 4 2 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [
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"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Toilet (room)",
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"parents": [
"Hygiene",
"Rooms",
"Health",
"Buildings and structures",
"Body",
"Architecture",
"All topics",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-WEdxIy18",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"cosmetic surgery",
"cosmetic surgery"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Toilet (room)",
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"Architecture",
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"Art",
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"Society"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:",
"text": "My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result."
],
"id": "en-bog-en-verb-QsTSLpII",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
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},
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{
"enpr": "bŏg",
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
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{
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"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff"
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kumyk translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shor translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Buildings",
"en:Rooms",
"en:Toilet (room)",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "blanket bog"
},
{
"word": "bog-asphodel"
},
{
"word": "bog asphodel"
},
{
"word": "bog-bean"
},
{
"word": "bog bean"
},
{
"word": "bog berry"
},
{
"word": "bogberry"
},
{
"word": "bog bilberry"
},
{
"word": "bog-black"
},
{
"word": "bog-blitter"
},
{
"word": "bog blueberry"
},
{
"word": "bog-bluiter"
},
{
"word": "bog body"
},
{
"word": "bog-brained"
},
{
"word": "bog-bred"
},
{
"word": "bog brush"
},
{
"word": "bog-bumper"
},
{
"word": "bog butter"
},
{
"word": "bog-butter"
},
{
"word": "bog cinquefoil"
},
{
"word": "bog clubmoss"
},
{
"word": "bog cotton"
},
{
"word": "bog-deal"
},
{
"word": "bog deal"
},
{
"word": "bog-down"
},
{
"word": "bog-earth"
},
{
"word": "bog earth"
},
{
"word": "bog-fir"
},
{
"word": "bog fir"
},
{
"word": "boggard"
},
{
"word": "bog garden"
},
{
"word": "bog-garden"
},
{
"word": "bog gas"
},
{
"word": "bogger"
},
{
"word": "boggify"
},
{
"word": "bogginess"
},
{
"word": "boggish"
},
{
"word": "boggo"
},
{
"word": "boggy"
},
{
"word": "boghaunter"
},
{
"word": "bog-hay"
},
{
"word": "bog hay"
},
{
"word": "bog-head"
},
{
"word": "boghead"
},
{
"word": "Boghead"
},
{
"word": "boghole"
},
{
"word": "bog-hole"
},
{
"word": "bog-house"
},
{
"word": "boghouse"
},
{
"word": "bog Irish"
},
{
"word": "bog iron"
},
{
"word": "bog iron ore"
},
{
"word": "bog-jumper"
},
{
"word": "bog-land"
},
{
"word": "bogland"
},
{
"word": "Bogland"
},
{
"word": "Boglander"
},
{
"word": "boglander"
},
{
"word": "Bog-Lander"
},
{
"word": "bog-lander"
},
{
"word": "Bog Latin"
},
{
"word": "bog Latin"
},
{
"word": "bog-laurel"
},
{
"word": "bog laurel"
},
{
"word": "bogless"
},
{
"word": "boglet"
},
{
"word": "boglike"
},
{
"word": "bog-man"
},
{
"word": "bogman"
},
{
"word": "bog manganese"
},
{
"word": "bog-mine"
},
{
"word": "bog mine"
},
{
"word": "bog-mine-ore"
},
{
"word": "bog mine ore"
},
{
"word": "bogmire"
},
{
"word": "bog-mire"
},
{
"word": "bog-mold"
},
{
"word": "bog moss"
},
{
"word": "bog-moss"
},
{
"word": "bog-mould"
},
{
"word": "bog myrtle"
},
{
"word": "bog-myrtle"
},
{
"word": "bog nut"
},
{
"word": "bog-oak"
},
{
"word": "bog oak"
},
{
"word": "bog onion"
},
{
"word": "bog-onion"
},
{
"word": "bog orange"
},
{
"word": "bog orchid"
},
{
"word": "bog orchis"
},
{
"word": "bog ore"
},
{
"word": "bog-ore"
},
{
"word": "bog paper"
},
{
"word": "bog-peat"
},
{
"word": "bog peat"
},
{
"word": "bog-people"
},
{
"word": "bog people"
},
{
"word": "bog person"
},
{
"word": "bog-pimpernel"
},
{
"word": "bog pimpernel"
},
{
"word": "bog-pine"
},
{
"word": "bog pink"
},
{
"word": "bog-pit"
},
{
"word": "bog-plant"
},
{
"word": "bograt"
},
{
"word": "bog-roll"
},
{
"word": "bogroll"
},
{
"word": "bog roll"
},
{
"word": "bog rosemary"
},
{
"word": "bogrush"
},
{
"word": "bog-rush"
},
{
"word": "bog rush"
},
{
"word": "bog-shop"
},
{
"word": "bog snorkeling"
},
{
"word": "bog spavin"
},
{
"word": "bog-spavin"
},
{
"word": "bogspaving"
},
{
"word": "bog stalker"
},
{
"word": "bog-stalker"
},
{
"word": "bog standard"
},
{
"word": "bogsucker"
},
{
"word": "bog-timber"
},
{
"word": "bog trefoil"
},
{
"word": "bog-trot"
},
{
"word": "bog-trotter"
},
{
"word": "bogtrotter"
},
{
"word": "bog trotting"
},
{
"word": "bog-trotting"
},
{
"word": "bogtrotting"
},
{
"word": "bog-turf"
},
{
"word": "bog turtle"
},
{
"word": "bog violet"
},
{
"word": "bog-water"
},
{
"word": "bog-way"
},
{
"word": "bog-wheel"
},
{
"word": "bogwood"
},
{
"word": "bog-wood"
},
{
"word": "bogwort"
},
{
"word": "bull-of-the-bog"
},
{
"word": "cataract bog"
},
{
"word": "chicken bog"
},
{
"word": "embog"
},
{
"word": "featherbed bog"
},
{
"word": "floating bog"
},
{
"word": "mud bog"
},
{
"word": "northern bog lemming"
},
{
"word": "peatbog"
},
{
"word": "peat bog"
},
{
"word": "quaking bog"
},
{
"word": "raised bog"
},
{
"word": "unbog"
}
],
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"etymology_templates": [
{
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},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
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{
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"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English bog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bog",
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"expansion": "Irish",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "gd",
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"4": "",
"5": "soft, boggy ground"
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"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "soft"
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"expansion": "Old Irish bog (“soft”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
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"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
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"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \"bog\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.",
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"form": "bogs",
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}
],
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],
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{
"sense": "small marsh",
"word": "boglet"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "like a marsh",
"word": "boggy"
},
{
"sense": "like a marsh",
"word": "boggish"
},
{
"sense": "marshy quality",
"word": "bogginess"
},
{
"sense": "to create a marsh",
"word": "boggify"
},
{
"word": "bog-standard"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:",
"text": "Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)"
],
"links": [
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"vegetation",
"vegetation"
],
[
"sphagnum",
"sphagnum"
],
[
"moss",
"moss"
],
[
"spongy",
"spongy"
],
[
"mire",
"mire"
],
[
"acidic",
"acidic"
],
[
"rain",
"rain"
],
[
"fed",
"fed"
],
[
"ombrotrophic",
"ombrotrophic"
],
[
"peat",
"peat"
],
[
"wetland",
"wetland"
],
[
"fen",
"fen#English"
],
[
"swamps",
"swamp#English"
],
[
"marshes",
"marsh#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "wetland science",
"raw_glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)"
],
"senseid": [
"en:swamp"
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:",
"text": "He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"Boggy ground."
],
"links": [
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"vegetation",
"vegetation"
],
[
"sphagnum",
"sphagnum"
],
[
"moss",
"moss"
],
[
"spongy",
"spongy"
],
[
"mire",
"mire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.",
"(uncountable) Boggy ground."
],
"senseid": [
"en:swamp"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:",
"text": "They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:",
"text": "Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:",
"text": "Bog may by draining be made Meadow.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:",
"text": "[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:",
"text": "[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:",
"text": "You're dancing in quicksand\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\nAnd you may never come back again\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):",
"text": "U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire."
],
"links": [
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"decay",
"decay"
],
[
"vegetation",
"vegetation"
],
[
"sphagnum",
"sphagnum"
],
[
"moss",
"moss"
],
[
"spongy",
"spongy"
],
[
"mire",
"mire"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:swamp"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:",
"text": "...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:",
"text": "Last day my mind was in a bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:",
"text": "He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas."
],
"links": [
[
"Confusion",
"confusion"
],
[
"difficulty",
"difficulty"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Irish English",
"New Zealand English",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:",
"text": "Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:",
"text": "...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:",
"text": "Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:",
"text": "Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet."
],
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
],
[
"latrine",
"latrine"
],
[
"outhouse",
"outhouse"
],
[
"toilet",
"toilet"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet."
],
"senseid": [
"en:toilet"
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"Ireland",
"New-Zealand",
"UK",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"English slang",
"New Zealand English"
],
"glosses": [
"An act or instance of defecation."
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"instance",
"instance"
],
[
"defecation",
"defecation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"New-Zealand",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp."
],
"links": [
[
"clump",
"clump"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:",
"text": "Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:",
"text": "I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:",
"text": "Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chicken bog."
],
"links": [
[
"Chicken bog",
"chicken bog#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US) Chicken bog."
],
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "bogg"
},
{
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "bogge"
},
{
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "boghe"
},
{
"sense": "wet spongy areas or ground",
"word": "swamp"
},
{
"sense": "any place or thing that impedes progress",
"word": "mire"
},
{
"sense": "any place or thing that impedes progress",
"word": "quagmire"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "moeras"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "vlei"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataqlıq"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "sucuq"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "haź",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "һаҙ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "zohikaztegi"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "balóta",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бало́та"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bláto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бла́то"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aiguamoll"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼澤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhǎozé",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼泽"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rašeliniště"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vrchoviště"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bažina"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "močál"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mokřina"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mose"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "sump"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "moeras"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "moer"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zomp"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "marĉo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "marĉejo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "raba"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "soo"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mýra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "suo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "neva"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tourbière"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "braña"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "boedo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "tremedal"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "trémbora"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hochmoor"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "élos",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "έλος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "télma",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "τέλμα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "bitsá",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ביצה"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "láp"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mocsár"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bogach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "portach"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palude"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torbiera"
},
{
"alt": "しょうたく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "shōtaku",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼沢"
},
{
"alt": "ぬまち",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "numachi",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "沼地"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "batmaq",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "батмакъ"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "batmaqlıq",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "батмакълыкъ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palūs"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "lāma"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purvs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "purvājs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "muklājs"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "staignums"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Mouer"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "catuppŭ",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "ചതുപ്പ്"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "curragh"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "namag",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "намаг"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sump"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kjerr"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sump"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "batak",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "باتاق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "hılaş",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "خلاش"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "xalâš",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "خلاش"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "torfowisko"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bajoro"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "błoto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turfeira"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bolóto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "боло́то"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "topʹ",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "топь"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "paṅka",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "पङ्क"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "boglach"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tresetište"
},
{
"code": "cjs",
"lang": "Shor",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "сас"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciénaga"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pantano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "humedal"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "mosse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "myr"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kuminoy"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "burak"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kaburakan"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "tumok"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "nɔ̌ɔng",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "หนอง"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "kärkkālle"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"word": "bataklık"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "bolóto",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "боло́то"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cors"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mign"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "expanse of marshland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "siglen"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Irish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Irish",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kumyk translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Shor translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tocharian B translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Buildings",
"en:Rooms",
"en:Toilet (room)",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bog down"
},
{
"word": "bogged"
},
{
"word": "bog in"
},
{
"word": "bog into"
},
{
"word": "bog off"
},
{
"word": "bog up"
},
{
"word": "de-bogging"
},
{
"word": "mud bogging"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English bog",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bog"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English bog",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ga",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Irish",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gd",
"3": "bogach",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, boggy ground"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "bog",
"4": "",
"5": "soft"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish bog (“soft”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*buggos",
"4": "",
"5": "soft, tender"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sga",
"3": "-ach"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish -ach",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*-ākos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *-ākos",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \"bog\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bogging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "bogged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:",
"text": "To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland."
],
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"submerge",
"submerge"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"bogland",
"bogland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, now often with \"down\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"down\""
],
"tags": [
"often",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:",
"text": "[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:",
"text": "[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress."
],
"links": [
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"slow",
"slow"
],
[
"someone",
"someone"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"making",
"making"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:",
"text": "Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To sink and stick in bogland."
],
"links": [
[
"sink",
"sink"
],
[
"stick",
"stick"
],
[
"bogland",
"bogland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, now often with \"down\") To sink and stick in bogland."
],
"raw_tags": [
"with \"down\""
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"often"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck."
],
"links": [
[
"prevent",
"prevent"
],
[
"impede",
"impede"
],
[
"making",
"making"
],
[
"progress",
"progress"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"stuck",
"stuck"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English intransitive verbs",
"English vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"To defecate, to void one's bowels."
],
"links": [
[
"defecate",
"defecate"
],
[
"void",
"void"
],
[
"one",
"one"
],
[
"bowel",
"bowel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Australian English",
"British English",
"English transitive verbs",
"English vulgarities"
],
"glosses": [
"To cover or spray with excrement."
],
"links": [
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"spray",
"spray"
],
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement."
],
"tags": [
"Australia",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English informal terms",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make a mess of something."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something."
],
"tags": [
"British",
"informal",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bogg"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "bogue"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uváznout"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uvíznout"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "s’enliser"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "insabbiare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "affossare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "atolar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "zastrevatʹ",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "застревать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvjazatʹ",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "увязать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "become mired or stuck",
"word": "pegado"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "make a mess of something",
"word": "incasinare"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Buildings",
"en:Rooms",
"en:Toilet (room)",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "take bog"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "See bug",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bog (plural bogs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a bugbear, monster, or terror",
"word": "bug"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror."
],
"links": [
[
"bug",
"bug#English"
],
[
"bugbear",
"bugbear"
],
[
"monster",
"monster"
],
[
"terror",
"terror"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "bôg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɔɡ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "bäg",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɑɡ/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg"
},
{
"enpr": "bŏg",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/bɒɡ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-uk-bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bogge"
},
{
"word": "bug"
}
],
"word": "bog"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English calculator words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English eponyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English three-letter words",
"English verbs",
"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 16 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable",
"en:Buildings",
"en:Rooms",
"en:Toilet (room)",
"en:Wetlands"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "boggish"
},
{
"word": "boggishly"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \"big\" and \"puffed up\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bogger",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "boggest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:",
"text": "The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:",
"text": "Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Bold; boastful; proud."
],
"links": [
[
"Bold",
"bold#English"
],
[
"boastful",
"boastful"
],
[
"proud",
"proud"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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"tags": [
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},
{
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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{
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]
},
{
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
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"alt": "Derbyshire & Lincolnshire",
"sense": "all senses",
"word": "bug"
}
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{
"form": "bogs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:",
"text": "Their bog it nuver ceases.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Puffery, boastfulness."
],
"links": [
[
"Puffery",
"puffery#English"
],
[
"boastfulness",
"boastfulness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness."
],
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"obsolete"
]
}
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},
{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
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{
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],
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"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
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"English terms with quotations",
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"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
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{
"ref": "1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:",
"text": "If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154",
"text": "A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To provoke, to bug."
],
"links": [
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"provoke",
"provoke"
],
[
"bug",
"bug"
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],
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"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug."
],
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"obsolete",
"transitive"
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}
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{
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},
{
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
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],
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{
"word": "bog off"
}
],
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"tags": [
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"third-person"
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},
{
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"English euphemisms",
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"glosses": [
"To go away."
],
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"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \"off\") To go away."
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{
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{
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},
{
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"etymology_number": 5,
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"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
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"English transitive verbs"
],
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"links": [
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[
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[
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"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance."
],
"tags": [
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"transitive"
]
},
{
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"English reflexive verbs",
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{
"ref": "2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:",
"text": "My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result."
],
"links": [
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"Internet"
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[
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"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result."
],
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{
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"rhymes": "-ɒɡ"
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],
"wikipedia": [
"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff"
],
"word": "bog"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bog meaning in English (56.2kB)
{
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"msg": "''An area of decayed vegetation '[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
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{
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"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: 4chan, Internet slang, reflexive",
"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag New-Zealand not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"blanket bog\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog asphodel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bean\"}, {\"word\": \"bog berry\"}, {\"word\": \"bogberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog bilberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-black\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-blitter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog blueberry\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bluiter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog body\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-brained\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bred\"}, {\"word\": \"bog brush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-bumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-butter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cinquefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog clubmoss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog cotton\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog deal\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-down\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog earth\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-fir\"}, {\"word\": \"bog fir\"}, {\"word\": \"boggard\"}, {\"word\": \"bog garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-garden\"}, {\"word\": \"bog gas\"}, {\"word\": \"bogger\"}, {\"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggo\"}, {\"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"word\": \"boghaunter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog hay\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-head\"}, {\"word\": \"boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"Boghead\"}, {\"word\": \"boghole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-hole\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-house\"}, {\"word\": \"boghouse\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Irish\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron\"}, {\"word\": \"bog iron ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-jumper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-land\"}, {\"word\": \"bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Bogland\"}, {\"word\": \"Boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"boglander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog-Lander\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-lander\"}, {\"word\": \"Bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog Latin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog laurel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogless\"}, {\"word\": \"boglet\"}, {\"word\": \"boglike\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-man\"}, {\"word\": \"bogman\"}, {\"word\": \"bog manganese\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mine-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog mine ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bogmire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mire\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mold\"}, {\"word\": \"bog moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-moss\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-mould\"}, {\"word\": \"bog myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-myrtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog nut\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog oak\"}, {\"word\": \"bog onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-onion\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orange\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchid\"}, {\"word\": \"bog orchis\"}, {\"word\": \"bog ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-ore\"}, {\"word\": \"bog paper\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog peat\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog people\"}, {\"word\": \"bog person\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pimpernel\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pine\"}, {\"word\": \"bog pink\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-pit\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-plant\"}, {\"word\": \"bograt\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bogroll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog roll\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rosemary\"}, {\"word\": \"bogrush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog rush\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-shop\"}, {\"word\": \"bog snorkeling\"}, {\"word\": \"bog spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-spavin\"}, {\"word\": \"bogspaving\"}, {\"word\": \"bog stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-stalker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog standard\"}, {\"word\": \"bogsucker\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-timber\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trefoil\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trot\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotter\"}, {\"word\": \"bog trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-trotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bogtrotting\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-turf\"}, {\"word\": \"bog turtle\"}, {\"word\": \"bog violet\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-water\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-way\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wheel\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwood\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-wood\"}, {\"word\": \"bogwort\"}, {\"word\": \"bull-of-the-bog\"}, {\"word\": \"cataract bog\"}, {\"word\": \"chicken bog\"}, {\"word\": \"embog\"}, {\"word\": \"featherbed bog\"}, {\"word\": \"floating bog\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bog\"}, {\"word\": \"northern bog lemming\"}, {\"word\": \"peatbog\"}, {\"word\": \"peat bog\"}, {\"word\": \"quaking bog\"}, {\"word\": \"raised bog\"}, {\"word\": \"unbog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyponyms\": [{\"sense\": \"small marsh\", \"word\": \"boglet\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggy\"}, {\"sense\": \"like a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"sense\": \"marshy quality\", \"word\": \"bogginess\"}, {\"sense\": \"to create a marsh\", \"word\": \"boggify\"}, {\"word\": \"bog-standard\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1996, Geological Survey (U.S.), National Water Summary on Wetland Resources, →ISBN, page 214:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic, nutrient poor, and have a low species diversity, whereas fens are less acidic and have higher nutrient levels and species diversity. Typically, the herbaceous layer in bogs is dominated by sphagnum moss, whereas[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 December 19, Ralph W. Tiner, Wetland Indicators: A Guide to Wetland Formation, Identification, Delineation, Classification, and Mapping, Second Edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 122:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, characteristic of boreal forests and mountainous regions (Figures 9.3 and 9.4). Their hydrology is precipitation driven as bogs do not receive floodwaters from neighboring rivers and streams[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2019 February 19, Sincere Humphrey, Freshwater Microbiology, Scientific e-Resources, →ISBN, page 24:\", \"text\": \"Bogs are acidic peatlands, while fens are non-acidic peatlands. The thick mat of dead plants forms sphagnum moss and peat, which is where we get our peat moss. Over a long period of time, the bog may fill up and a forest will grow in[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"], [\"acidic\", \"acidic\"], [\"rain\", \"rain\"], [\"fed\", \"fed\"], [\"ombrotrophic\", \"ombrotrophic\"], [\"peat\", \"peat\"], [\"wetland\", \"wetland\"], [\"fen\", \"fen#English\"], [\"swamps\", \"swamp#English\"], [\"marshes\", \"marsh#English\"]], \"qualifier\": \"wetland science\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(wetland science, specifically) An acidic, chiefly rain-fed (ombrotrophic), peat-forming wetland. (Contrast an alkaline fen, and swamps and marshes.)\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"specifically\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1931, Ion L. Idriess, Lasseter's Last Ride, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 101:\", \"text\": \"He laughed each time a camel sank down, and he laughed as they strained and pulled and struggled to get the beast on to its clumsy feet again. So sure on sand, so clumsy in bog!\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"Boggy ground.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\", \"(uncountable) Boggy ground.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"], \"tags\": [\"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vii], line 56:\", \"text\": \"They that ride so... fall into foule Boggs.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1612, John Speed, chapter IV, in The Theatre of the Empire of Great Britaine, volume IV, page 143:\", \"text\": \"Certaine... places [in Ireland]... which of their softnes are vsually tearmed Boghes.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1687, William Petty, Political Arithmetick:\", \"text\": \"Bog may by draining be made Meadow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1912, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[W]e entered a region where the stream widened out and formed a considerable bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1974 02, “Boys' Life”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 21:\", \"text\": \"[Cedar Bog] is a living museum of plants that once were spread over a far wider area. It is the southernmost such alkaline bog in North America, and teachers take their classes there to study this unique natural area.[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1993, “Swamp Song”, performed by Tool:\", \"text\": \"You're dancing in quicksand\\nWhy don't you watch where you're wandering?\\nWhy don't you watch where you're stumbling?\\nYou're wading knee deep and going in\\nAnd you may never come back again\\nThis bog is thick and easy to get lost in\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004 November 15, Retro Studios, Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, Nintendo, level/area: Main Energy Controller (Great Temple):\", \"text\": \"U-Mos: 'The swamplands of Torvus are treacherous, and can hinder you considerably. Bear this in mind as you move through the bog.'\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An area of decayed vegetation (particularly sphagnum moss) which forms a wet spongy ground too soft for walking; any swamp, marsh or mire.\"], \"links\": [[\"area\", \"area\"], [\"decay\", \"decay\"], [\"vegetation\", \"vegetation\"], [\"sphagnum\", \"sphagnum\"], [\"moss\", \"moss\"], [\"spongy\", \"spongy\"], [\"mire\", \"mire\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:swamp\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1614, John King, Vitis Palatina, page 30:\", \"text\": \"...quagmires and bogges of Romish superstition...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1796, Robert Burns, Poems & Songs, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Last day my mind was in a bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1841, Charles Dickens, chapter LXXII, in Barnaby Rudge, page 358:\", \"text\": \"He wandered out again, in a perfect bog of uncertainty.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"links\": [[\"Confusion\", \"confusion\"], [\"difficulty\", \"difficulty\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) Confusion, difficulty, or any other thing or place that impedes progress in the manner of such areas.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\", \"Irish English\", \"New Zealand English\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"I'm on the bog ― I'm sitting on/using the toilet\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"text\": \"I'm in the bog ― I'm in the bathroom\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1665, Richard Head et al., The English Rogue Described in the Life of Meriton Latroon, volume I:\", \"text\": \"Fearing I should catch cold, they out of pity covered me warm in a Bogg-house.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1789, Verses to John Howard F.R.S. on His State of Prisons and Lazarettos, published 1789, page 181:\", \"text\": \"...That no dirt... be thrown out of any window, or down the bogs...\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1864, J.C. Hotten, The Slang Dictionary, page 79:\", \"text\": \"Bog, or bog-house, a privy as distinguished from a water-closet.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1959, William Golding, chapter I, in Free Fall, page 23:\", \"text\": \"Our lodger had our upstairs, use of the stove, our tap, and our bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"latrine\", \"latrine\"], [\"outhouse\", \"outhouse\"], [\"toilet\", \"toilet\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, slang) A place to defecate: originally specifically a latrine or outhouse but now used for any toilet.\"], \"senseid\": [\"en:toilet\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"Ireland\", \"New-Zealand\", \"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"English slang\", \"New Zealand English\"], \"glosses\": [\"An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"links\": [[\"act\", \"act\"], [\"instance\", \"instance\"], [\"defecation\", \"defecation\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(Australia and New Zealand, slang) An act or instance of defecation.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"New-Zealand\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English dialectal terms\"], \"glosses\": [\"A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"links\": [[\"clump\", \"clump\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US, dialect) A little elevated spot or clump of earth, roots, and grass, in a marsh or swamp.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\", \"dialectal\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"American English\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2013, James Villas, Southern Fried: More Than 150 Recipes for Crab Cakes, Fried Chicken, Hush Puppies, and More, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 196:\", \"text\": \"Damon does emphasize that great red rice should always be fluffy and never mushy like a rice bog.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2016 October 1, Elliott Moss, Buxton Hall Barbecue's Book of Smoke: Wood-Smoked Meat, Sides, and More, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 113:\", \"text\": \"I love Chicken Bog because it's one of those very regional recipes that has survived […] Don't skim or otherwise remove the fat from the stock though—it will help flavor the bog. Let the chicken cool and then pick the meat, setting it aside for the bog recipe that follows. The broth will[…]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2018, Ann W Phillips, Lady Of Esterbrooke:\", \"text\": \"Chicken and rice bog for their supper so she wouldn't have to cook.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Chicken bog.\"], \"links\": [[\"Chicken bog\", \"chicken bog#English\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(US) Chicken bog.\"], \"tags\": [\"US\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"boghe\"}, {\"sense\": \"wet spongy areas or ground\", \"word\": \"swamp\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"mire\"}, {\"sense\": \"any place or thing that impedes progress\", \"word\": \"quagmire\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"vlei\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataqlıq\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sucuq\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"haź\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"һаҙ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"zohikaztegi\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"balóta\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бало́та\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"bláto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"бла́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"aiguamoll\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼澤\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zhǎozé\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼泽\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rašeliniště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"vrchoviště\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"bažina\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"močál\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mokřina\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mose\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moeras\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"moer\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zomp\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉo\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"marĉejo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"raba\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"soo\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mýra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"suo\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"neva\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tourbière\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"braña\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"boedo\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tremedal\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"trémbora\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Hochmoor\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"élos\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"έλος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"télma\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"τέλμα\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"bitsá\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ביצה\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"láp\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mocsár\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bogach\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"portach\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palude\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"torbiera\"}, {\"alt\": \"しょうたく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"shōtaku\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼沢\"}, {\"alt\": \"ぬまち\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"numachi\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"沼地\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакъ\"}, {\"code\": \"kum\", \"lang\": \"Kumyk\", \"roman\": \"batmaqlıq\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"батмакълыкъ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palūs\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"lāma\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"purvājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"muklājs\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"staignums\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Mouer\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"catuppŭ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"ചതുപ്പ്\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"curragh\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"namag\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"намаг\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kjerr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sump\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"batak\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"باتاق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"hılaş\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"xalâš\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"خلاش\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"torfowisko\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"bajoro\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"błoto\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"turfeira\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"topʹ\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"топь\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"paṅka\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"पङ्क\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"boglach\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"tresetište\"}, {\"code\": \"cjs\", \"lang\": \"Shor\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"сас\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ciénaga\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"pantano\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"humedal\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"mosse\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"myr\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kuminoy\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"burak\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kaburakan\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"tumok\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"nɔ̌ɔng\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"หนอง\"}, {\"code\": \"txb\", \"lang\": \"Tocharian B\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"kärkkālle\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"word\": \"bataklık\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"bolóto\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"боло́то\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"cors\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mign\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"expanse of marshland\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"siglen\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog down\"}, {\"word\": \"bogged\"}, {\"word\": \"bog in\"}, {\"word\": \"bog into\"}, {\"word\": \"bog off\"}, {\"word\": \"bog up\"}, {\"word\": \"de-bogging\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bogging\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:\", \"text\": \"To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"submerge\", \"submerge\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"often\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:\", \"text\": \"[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:\", \"text\": \"[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"slow\", \"slow\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:\", \"text\": \"Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"stick\", \"stick\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"often\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"], [\"become\", \"become\"], [\"stuck\", \"stuck\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"void\", \"void\"], [\"one\", \"one\"], [\"bowel\", \"bowel\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"links\": [[\"cover\", \"cover\"], [\"spray\", \"spray\"], [\"excrement\", \"excrement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English informal terms\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To make a mess of something.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something.\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"informal\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"bogue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uváznout\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uvíznout\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"s’enliser\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"insabbiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"affossare\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"atolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zastrevatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"застревать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"uvjazatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"увязать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"pegado\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"make a mess of something\", \"word\": \"incasinare\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog down\"}, {\"word\": \"bogged\"}, {\"word\": \"bog in\"}, {\"word\": \"bog into\"}, {\"word\": \"bog off\"}, {\"word\": \"bog up\"}, {\"word\": \"de-bogging\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bogging\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:\", \"text\": \"To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"submerge\", \"submerge\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"often\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:\", \"text\": \"[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:\", \"text\": \"[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"slow\", \"slow\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:\", \"text\": \"Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"stick\", \"stick\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"often\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"], [\"become\", \"become\"], [\"stuck\", \"stuck\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"void\", \"void\"], [\"one\", \"one\"], [\"bowel\", \"bowel\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"links\": [[\"cover\", \"cover\"], [\"spray\", \"spray\"], [\"excrement\", \"excrement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English informal terms\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To make a mess of something.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something.\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"informal\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"bogue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uváznout\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uvíznout\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"s’enliser\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"insabbiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"affossare\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"atolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zastrevatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"застревать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"uvjazatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"увязать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"pegado\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"make a mess of something\", \"word\": \"incasinare\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog down\"}, {\"word\": \"bogged\"}, {\"word\": \"bog in\"}, {\"word\": \"bog into\"}, {\"word\": \"bog off\"}, {\"word\": \"bog up\"}, {\"word\": \"de-bogging\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bogging\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:\", \"text\": \"To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"submerge\", \"submerge\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"often\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:\", \"text\": \"[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:\", \"text\": \"[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"slow\", \"slow\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:\", \"text\": \"Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"stick\", \"stick\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"often\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"], [\"become\", \"become\"], [\"stuck\", \"stuck\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"void\", \"void\"], [\"one\", \"one\"], [\"bowel\", \"bowel\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"links\": [[\"cover\", \"cover\"], [\"spray\", \"spray\"], [\"excrement\", \"excrement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English informal terms\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To make a mess of something.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something.\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"informal\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"bogue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uváznout\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uvíznout\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"s’enliser\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"insabbiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"affossare\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"atolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zastrevatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"застревать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"uvjazatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"увязать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"pegado\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"make a mess of something\", \"word\": \"incasinare\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Irish\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Irish\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic\", \"English terms derived from Scottish Gaelic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of German translations\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kumyk translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Shor translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tocharian B translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog down\"}, {\"word\": \"bogged\"}, {\"word\": \"bog in\"}, {\"word\": \"bog into\"}, {\"word\": \"bog off\"}, {\"word\": \"bog up\"}, {\"word\": \"de-bogging\"}, {\"word\": \"mud bogging\"}], \"etymology_number\": 1, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"Inherited\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited\", \"name\": \"glossary\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"\", \"g\": \"\", \"g2\": \"\", \"g3\": \"\", \"id\": \"\", \"lit\": \"\", \"nocat\": \"\", \"pos\": \"\", \"sc\": \"\", \"sort\": \"\", \"tr\": \"\", \"ts\": \"\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"bog\"}, \"expansion\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog\", \"name\": \"inh+\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ga\", \"3\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Irish\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gd\", \"3\": \"bogach\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, boggy ground\"}, \"expansion\": \"Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"bog\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish bog (“soft”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*buggos\", \"4\": \"\", \"5\": \"soft, tender\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"sga\", \"3\": \"-ach\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Irish -ach\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"cel-pro\", \"3\": \"*-ākos\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *-ākos\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Inherited from Middle English bog (originally chiefly in Ireland and Scotland), from Irish and Scottish Gaelic bogach (“soft, boggy ground”), from Old Irish bog (“soft”), from Proto-Celtic *buggos (“soft, tender”) + Old Irish -ach, from Proto-Celtic *-ākos.\\nThe frequent use to form compounds regarding the animals and plants in such areas mimics Irish compositions such as bog-luachair (“bulrush, bogrush”).\\nIts use for toilets is now often derived from the resemblance of latrines and outhouse cesspools to bogholes, but the noun sense appears to be a clipped form of boghouse (“outhouse, privy”), which derived (possibly via boggard) from the verb to bog, still used in Australian English. The derivation and its connection to other senses of \\\"bog\\\" remains uncertain, however, owing to an extreme lack of early citations due to its perceived vulgarity.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1928, American Dialect Society, American Speech, volume IV, page 132:\", \"text\": \"To be 'bogged down' or 'mired down' is to be mired, generally in the 'wet valleys' in the spring.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"submerge\", \"submerge\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink or submerge someone or something into bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"often\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1605, Ben Jonson, Seianus His Fall, act IV, scene i, line 217:\", \"text\": \"[…] Bogg'd in his filthy Lusts […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1641, John Milton, Animadversions, page 58:\", \"text\": \"[…] whose profession to forsake the World... bogs them deeper into the world.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"slow\", \"slow\"], [\"someone\", \"someone\"], [\"something\", \"something\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To prevent or slow someone or something from making progress.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English intransitive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"a. 1800, The Trials of James, Duncan, and Robert M'Gregor, Three Sons of the Celebrated Rob Roy, page 120:\", \"text\": \"Duncan Graham in Gartmore his horse bogged; that the deponent helped some others to take the horse out of the bogg.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"links\": [[\"sink\", \"sink\"], [\"stick\", \"stick\"], [\"bogland\", \"bogland\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, now often with \\\"down\\\") To sink and stick in bogland.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"down\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"intransitive\", \"often\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"links\": [[\"prevent\", \"prevent\"], [\"impede\", \"impede\"], [\"making\", \"making\"], [\"progress\", \"progress\"], [\"become\", \"become\"], [\"stuck\", \"stuck\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(figuratively) To be prevented or impeded from making progress, to become stuck.\"], \"tags\": [\"figuratively\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English intransitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"links\": [[\"defecate\", \"defecate\"], [\"void\", \"void\"], [\"one\", \"one\"], [\"bowel\", \"bowel\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(intransitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To defecate, to void one's bowels.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"intransitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"Australian English\", \"British English\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"English vulgarities\"], \"glosses\": [\"To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"links\": [[\"cover\", \"cover\"], [\"spray\", \"spray\"], [\"excrement\", \"excrement\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, originally vulgar UK, now chiefly Australia) To cover or spray with excrement.\"], \"tags\": [\"Australia\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English informal terms\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To make a mess of something.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, British, informal) To make a mess of something.\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"informal\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogg\"}, {\"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"word\": \"bogue\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uváznout\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"perfective\"], \"word\": \"uvíznout\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"s’enliser\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"insabbiare\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"affossare\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"atolar\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"zastrevatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"застревать\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"uvjazatʹ\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"tags\": [\"imperfective\"], \"word\": \"увязать\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"become mired or stuck\", \"word\": \"pegado\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"make a mess of something\", \"word\": \"incasinare\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"take bog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"See bug\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a bugbear, monster, or terror\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"links\": [[\"bug\", \"bug#English\"], [\"bugbear\", \"bugbear\"], [\"monster\", \"monster\"], [\"terror\", \"terror\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"take bog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"See bug\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a bugbear, monster, or terror\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"links\": [[\"bug\", \"bug#English\"], [\"bugbear\", \"bugbear\"], [\"monster\", \"monster\"], [\"terror\", \"terror\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"take bog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"See bug\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a bugbear, monster, or terror\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"links\": [[\"bug\", \"bug#English\"], [\"bugbear\", \"bugbear\"], [\"monster\", \"monster\"], [\"terror\", \"terror\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"take bog\"}], \"etymology_number\": 2, \"etymology_text\": \"See bug\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"alt_of\": [{\"extra\": \"a bugbear, monster, or terror\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\"], \"glosses\": [\"Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"links\": [[\"bug\", \"bug#English\"], [\"bugbear\", \"bugbear\"], [\"monster\", \"monster\"], [\"terror\", \"terror\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Alternative form of bug: a bugbear, monster, or terror.\"], \"tags\": [\"alt-of\", \"alternative\", \"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"bogge\"}, {\"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggishly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogger\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"boggest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:\", \"text\": \"The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:\", \"text\": \"Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"links\": [[\"Bold\", \"bold#English\"], [\"boastful\", \"boastful\"], [\"proud\", \"proud\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggishly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogger\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"boggest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:\", \"text\": \"The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:\", \"text\": \"Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"links\": [[\"Bold\", \"bold#English\"], [\"boastful\", \"boastful\"], [\"proud\", \"proud\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggishly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogger\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"boggest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:\", \"text\": \"The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:\", \"text\": \"Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"links\": [[\"Bold\", \"bold#English\"], [\"boastful\", \"boastful\"], [\"proud\", \"proud\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/adj: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"boggish\"}, {\"word\": \"boggishly\"}], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogger\", \"tags\": [\"comparative\"]}, {\"form\": \"boggest\", \"tags\": [\"superlative\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"er\"}, \"expansion\": \"bog (comparative bogger, superlative boggest)\", \"name\": \"en-adj\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"adj\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1592, William Warner, chapter XXXVII, in Albions England, volume VII, page 167:\", \"text\": \"The Cuckooe, seeing him so bog, waxt also wondrous wroth.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1691, John Ray, South and East Country Words, page 90:\", \"text\": \"Bogge, bold, forward, sawcy. So we say, a very bog Fellow.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"links\": [[\"Bold\", \"bold#English\"], [\"boastful\", \"boastful\"], [\"proud\", \"proud\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Bold; boastful; proud.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "adj",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:\", \"text\": \"Their bog it nuver ceases.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"links\": [[\"Puffery\", \"puffery#English\"], [\"boastfulness\", \"boastfulness\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:\", \"text\": \"Their bog it nuver ceases.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"links\": [[\"Puffery\", \"puffery#English\"], [\"boastfulness\", \"boastfulness\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:\", \"text\": \"Their bog it nuver ceases.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"links\": [[\"Puffery\", \"puffery#English\"], [\"boastfulness\", \"boastfulness\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"msg": "bog/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (plural bogs)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1839, Charles Clark, John Noakes and Mary Styles, l. 3:\", \"text\": \"Their bog it nuver ceases.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"links\": [[\"Puffery\", \"puffery#English\"], [\"boastfulness\", \"boastfulness\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(obsolete) Puffery, boastfulness.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:\", \"text\": \"If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154\", \"text\": \"A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To provoke, to bug.\"], \"links\": [[\"provoke\", \"provoke\"], [\"bug\", \"bug\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:\", \"text\": \"If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154\", \"text\": \"A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To provoke, to bug.\"], \"links\": [[\"provoke\", \"provoke\"], [\"bug\", \"bug\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:\", \"text\": \"If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154\", \"text\": \"A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To provoke, to bug.\"], \"links\": [[\"provoke\", \"provoke\"], [\"bug\", \"bug\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English calculator words\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms with unknown etymologies\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 3, \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\"}, \"expansion\": \"Uncertain\", \"name\": \"unc\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"Uncertain, although possibly related to bug in its original senses of \\\"big\\\" and \\\"puffed up\\\".\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"English transitive verbs\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1546, State Papers King Henry the Eighth, volume XI, published 1852, page 163:\", \"text\": \"If you had not written to me... we had broke now, the Frenchmen bogged us so often with departing.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1556, Nicholas Grimald's translation of Cicero as Marcus Tullius Ciceroes Thre Bokes of Duties to Marcus His Sonne, Vol. III, p. 154\", \"text\": \"A Frencheman: whom he [Manlius Torquatus] slew, being bogged [Latin: provocatus] by hym.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To provoke, to bug.\"], \"links\": [[\"provoke\", \"provoke\"], [\"bug\", \"bug\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(transitive, obsolete) To provoke, to bug.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\", \"transitive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"alt\": \"Derbyshire & Lincolnshire\", \"sense\": \"all senses\", \"word\": \"bug\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog off\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From bug off, a clipping of bugger off, likely under the influence of bog (coarse British slang for \\\"toilet[s]\\\").\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English euphemisms\", \"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To go away.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \\\"off\\\") To go away.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"off\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"euphemistic\", \"slang\", \"usually\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog off\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From bug off, a clipping of bugger off, likely under the influence of bog (coarse British slang for \\\"toilet[s]\\\").\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English euphemisms\", \"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To go away.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \\\"off\\\") To go away.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"off\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"euphemistic\", \"slang\", \"usually\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog off\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From bug off, a clipping of bugger off, likely under the influence of bog (coarse British slang for \\\"toilet[s]\\\").\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English euphemisms\", \"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To go away.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \\\"off\\\") To go away.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"off\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"euphemistic\", \"slang\", \"usually\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"bog off\"}], \"etymology_number\": 4, \"etymology_text\": \"From bug off, a clipping of bugger off, likely under the influence of bog (coarse British slang for \\\"toilet[s]\\\").\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English euphemisms\", \"English slang\"], \"glosses\": [\"To go away.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(euphemistic, slang, British, usually with \\\"off\\\") To go away.\"], \"raw_tags\": [\"with \\\"off\\\"\"], \"tags\": [\"British\", \"euphemistic\", \"slang\", \"usually\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 5, \"etymology_text\": \"From an abbreviation of Bogdanoff, in reference to Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"spag bog\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"cosmetic surgery\", \"cosmetic surgery\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:\", \"text\": \"My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"reflexive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff\"], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 5, \"etymology_text\": \"From an abbreviation of Bogdanoff, in reference to Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"spag bog\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"cosmetic surgery\", \"cosmetic surgery\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:\", \"text\": \"My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"reflexive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff\"], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 5, \"etymology_text\": \"From an abbreviation of Bogdanoff, in reference to Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"spag bog\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"cosmetic surgery\", \"cosmetic surgery\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:\", \"text\": \"My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"reflexive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff\"], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "bog/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English calculator words\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English eponyms\", \"English lemmas\", \"English three-letter words\", \"English verbs\", \"Old Swedish links with redundant target parameters\", \"Pages with 16 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɒɡ/1 syllable\", \"en:Buildings\", \"en:Rooms\", \"en:Toilet (room)\", \"en:Wetlands\"], \"etymology_number\": 5, \"etymology_text\": \"From an abbreviation of Bogdanoff, in reference to Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"bogs\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogging\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"bogged\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"bog (third-person singular simple present bogs, present participle bogging, simple past and past participle bogged)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"spag bog\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English transitive verbs\"], \"glosses\": [\"To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"cosmetic surgery\", \"cosmetic surgery\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, transitive) To perform excessive cosmetic surgery that results in a bizarre or obviously artificial facial appearance.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"transitive\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English internet slang\", \"English reflexive verbs\", \"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2023 August 4, anonymous author, 4chan, /lgbt/:\", \"text\": \"My nose is already pretty good and I don't want to bog myself.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"links\": [[\"Internet\", \"Internet\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(4chan, Internet slang, reflexive) To have excessive cosmetic surgery performed on oneself, often with a poor or conspicuously unnatural result.\"], \"tags\": [\"Internet\", \"reflexive\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"bôg\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɔɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"enpr\": \"bäg\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɑɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"cot-caught-merger\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg/En-us-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-us-bog.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bŏg\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/bɒɡ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-uk-bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg/En-uk-bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/En-uk-bog.ogg\"}, {\"audio\": \"EN-AU ck1 bog.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/EN-AU_ck1_bog.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɒɡ\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"Igor and Grichka Bogdanoff\"], \"word\": \"bog\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bog",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.