See purvs in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "purvains"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "purvājs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "para",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian para (“filth, dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "poro",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung; swamp, bog"
},
"expansion": "Polabian poro (“filth, dung; swamp, bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πυρρός",
"3": "",
"4": "red, pink, brownish red"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πυρρός (purrhós, “red, pink, brownish red”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरीषम्",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung",
"tr": "púrīṣam"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरीषम् (púrīṣam, “filth, dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ruda",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“red”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore, peat, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Polish ruda (“ore, peat, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руда́",
"3": "",
"4": "ore, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian руда́ (rudá, “ore, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pur̃vas",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dirt"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pur̃vas (“filth, dirt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "puro",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian puro (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin of this word is unclear. Some compare it to Lower Sorbian para (“filth, dung”), Polabian poro (“filth, dung; swamp, bog”) (assuming that o < *uo < *ō), from a stem *pōr- to which an extra v or vo was added. Others relate purvs to Ancient Greek πυρρός (purrhós, “red, pink, brownish red”), Sanskrit पुरीषम् (púrīṣam, “filth, dung”), परुष (paruṣa, “spotted, speckled”), pointing out that it often happens in Indo-European languages that \"swamp\" and \"red\" are related terms (e.g., from Proto-Slavic *ruda (“red”), Polish ruda (“ore, peat, swamp”), Ukrainian руда́ (rudá, “ore, swamp”)), probably because of the reddish-brown color of swamp waters. Cognates include Lithuanian pur̃vas (“filth, dirt”), Sudovian puro (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "purvs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purviem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purviem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "purvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "purvs m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "purvs m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "purv",
"2": "s",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "purv",
"2": "s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "purvs",
"10": "purviem",
"11": "purvā",
"12": "purvos",
"13": "purv",
"14": "purvi",
"2": "purvi",
"3": "purvu",
"4": "purvus",
"5": "purva",
"6": "purvu",
"7": "purvam",
"8": "purviem",
"9": "purvu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Water",
"orig": "lv:Water",
"parents": [
"Liquids",
"Matter",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "peat, moss bog",
"text": "kūdras, sūnu purvs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "miry bog",
"text": "staigns purvs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to drain the swamp",
"text": "nosusināt purvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swampy soil",
"text": "purva augsne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bog mud, sludge",
"text": "purva dūņas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp, marsh peat",
"text": "purva kūdra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp plow",
"text": "purva arkls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp gas (= methane)",
"text": "purva gáze",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp fever (= malaria)",
"text": "purva drudzis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bog birch",
"text": "purva bērzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "marsh frog",
"text": "purva varde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wade through the swamp, bog",
"text": "brist pa purvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to gather cranberries in the swamp",
"text": "lasīt purvā dzērvenes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at night the swamp woodcock runs all over the swamp... it swings its open beak from side to side, swallowing small flies",
"text": "naktī pār purvu skrēja purva sloka... atvērtu knābi tā šāvās no vienas malas uz otru, rijot knišļus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swamp, bog, marsh, morass (low wetland with a layer of accumulated peat)"
],
"id": "en-purvs-lv-noun-H-hkaVt3",
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"bog",
"bog"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"morass",
"morass"
],
[
"low",
"low#English"
],
[
"wetland",
"wetland#English"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
],
[
"accumulated",
"accumulated#English"
],
[
"peat",
"peat#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latvian words with falling intonation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "lv",
"name": "Landforms",
"orig": "lv:Landforms",
"parents": [
"Earth",
"Places",
"Nature",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sink in the swamp (= to be in difficult circumstances)",
"text": "nogrimt purvā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "air! air!... I have to stifle in this swamp!... oh, if only I could shake off this life",
"text": "elpu! elpu!... man šinī purvā jānosmok!.. ak, kaut es spētu nokratīt šo dzīvi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swamp (hard, difficult circumstances)"
],
"id": "en-purvs-lv-noun-OczBKcDV",
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hard",
"hard#English"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult#English"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) swamp (hard, difficult circumstances)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "41 59",
"sense": "dialectal terms",
"word": "purs"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pùɾvs]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "muklājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "purvājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "staignājs"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "staignums"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pors"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "purvis"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:purvs"
],
"word": "purvs"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
"Latvian etymologies from LEV",
"Latvian first declension nouns",
"Latvian lemmas",
"Latvian masculine nouns",
"Latvian nouns",
"Latvian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Latvian undefined derivations",
"Latvian words with falling intonation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"lv:Landforms",
"lv:Water"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "purvains"
},
{
"word": "purvājs"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "para",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian para (“filth, dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "poro",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung; swamp, bog"
},
"expansion": "Polabian poro (“filth, dung; swamp, bog”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πυρρός",
"3": "",
"4": "red, pink, brownish red"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πυρρός (purrhós, “red, pink, brownish red”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "पुरीषम्",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dung",
"tr": "púrīṣam"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit पुरीषम् (púrīṣam, “filth, dung”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*ruda",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“red”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore, peat, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Polish ruda (“ore, peat, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "руда́",
"3": "",
"4": "ore, swamp"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian руда́ (rudá, “ore, swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "pur̃vas",
"3": "",
"4": "filth, dirt"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian pur̃vas (“filth, dirt”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "puro",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian puro (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The origin of this word is unclear. Some compare it to Lower Sorbian para (“filth, dung”), Polabian poro (“filth, dung; swamp, bog”) (assuming that o < *uo < *ō), from a stem *pōr- to which an extra v or vo was added. Others relate purvs to Ancient Greek πυρρός (purrhós, “red, pink, brownish red”), Sanskrit पुरीषम् (púrīṣam, “filth, dung”), परुष (paruṣa, “spotted, speckled”), pointing out that it often happens in Indo-European languages that \"swamp\" and \"red\" are related terms (e.g., from Proto-Slavic *ruda (“red”), Polish ruda (“ore, peat, swamp”), Ukrainian руда́ (rudá, “ore, swamp”)), probably because of the reddish-brown color of swamp waters. Cognates include Lithuanian pur̃vas (“filth, dirt”), Sudovian puro (“swamp”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "declension-1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "lv-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "1st declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "purvs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purva",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purviem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purviem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purvā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purvos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purv",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "purvi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "purvs m",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "1st"
},
"expansion": "purvs m (1st declension)",
"name": "lv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "purv",
"2": "s",
"3": "1st",
"extrawidth": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "purv",
"2": "s",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"drop-v": "",
"keep-s": "",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-1"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "purvs",
"10": "purviem",
"11": "purvā",
"12": "purvos",
"13": "purv",
"14": "purvi",
"2": "purvi",
"3": "purvu",
"4": "purvus",
"5": "purva",
"6": "purvu",
"7": "purvam",
"8": "purviem",
"9": "purvu",
"type": "1st declension",
"x": "-60"
},
"name": "lv-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "peat, moss bog",
"text": "kūdras, sūnu purvs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "miry bog",
"text": "staigns purvs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to drain the swamp",
"text": "nosusināt purvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swampy soil",
"text": "purva augsne",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bog mud, sludge",
"text": "purva dūņas",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp, marsh peat",
"text": "purva kūdra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp plow",
"text": "purva arkls",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp gas (= methane)",
"text": "purva gáze",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "swamp fever (= malaria)",
"text": "purva drudzis",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "bog birch",
"text": "purva bērzs",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "marsh frog",
"text": "purva varde",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to wade through the swamp, bog",
"text": "brist pa purvu",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to gather cranberries in the swamp",
"text": "lasīt purvā dzērvenes",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "at night the swamp woodcock runs all over the swamp... it swings its open beak from side to side, swallowing small flies",
"text": "naktī pār purvu skrēja purva sloka... atvērtu knābi tā šāvās no vienas malas uz otru, rijot knišļus",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swamp, bog, marsh, morass (low wetland with a layer of accumulated peat)"
],
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"bog",
"bog"
],
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"morass",
"morass"
],
[
"low",
"low#English"
],
[
"wetland",
"wetland#English"
],
[
"layer",
"layer#English"
],
[
"accumulated",
"accumulated#English"
],
[
"peat",
"peat#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latvian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to sink in the swamp (= to be in difficult circumstances)",
"text": "nogrimt purvā",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "air! air!... I have to stifle in this swamp!... oh, if only I could shake off this life",
"text": "elpu! elpu!... man šinī purvā jānosmok!.. ak, kaut es spētu nokratīt šo dzīvi",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"swamp (hard, difficult circumstances)"
],
"links": [
[
"swamp",
"swamp"
],
[
"hard",
"hard#English"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult#English"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) swamp (hard, difficult circumstances)"
],
"tags": [
"declension-1",
"figuratively",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pùɾvs]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "muklājs"
},
{
"word": "purvājs"
},
{
"word": "staignājs"
},
{
"word": "staignums"
},
{
"sense": "dialectal terms",
"word": "purs"
},
{
"word": "pors"
},
{
"word": "purvis"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"lv:purvs"
],
"word": "purvs"
}
Download raw JSONL data for purvs meaning in Latvian (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latvian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.