See vestige on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vestige meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "vestigial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vestige"
},
"expansion": "French vestige",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium",
"4": "",
"5": "footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark"
},
"expansion": "Latin vestīgium (“footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French vestige, from Latin vestīgium (“footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vestiges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vestige (plural vestiges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "hint"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "trace"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A mark left on the earth by a foot."
],
"id": "en-vestige-en-noun-tUfkR7Fg",
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trace"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "track"
},
{
"word": "footstep"
},
{
"word": "footprint"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sljed",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "след"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sledá",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "следа́"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jì",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "迹"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "痕跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hénjì",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "痕迹"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "antydning"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "teken"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "jalanjälki"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳvali",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "კვალი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naḳvalevi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ნაკვალევი"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spur"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "nyom"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "traccia"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "segno"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strascico"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "impronta"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"alt": "そくせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sokuseki",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "足跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jachwi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "자취"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "cuvaṭŭ",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ചുവട്"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "kālccuvaṭŭ",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "കാൽച്ചുവട്"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "caviṭṭaṭi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ചവിട്ടടി"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ślad"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestígio"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marca"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pegada"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urmă"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "indiciu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vestigiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rămășiță"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sled",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "след"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "huella"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pisada"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spår"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "dasto"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "iz"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 13 5 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "slid",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слід"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the vestiges of ancient magnificence in Palmyra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "vestiges of former population",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1788, James Hutton, Theory of the earth, page 166",
"text": "The result, therefore, of this physical inquiry is, that we find no vestige of a beginning,— no prospect of an end.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1871, Charles Darwin, Descent of Man, Chapter I",
"text": "Nevertheless in some cases, my original view, that the points are vestiges of the tips of formerly erect and pointed ears, still seems to me probable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1895, H. G. Wells, The Time Machine, Chapter VIII",
"text": "Only ragged vestiges of glass remained in its windows, and great sheets of the green facing had fallen away from the corroded metallic framework.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1911, “Angkor”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica",
"text": "The chief remains of the Roman Calagurris are the vestiges of an aqueduct and an amphitheatre.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick",
"text": "The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present."
],
"id": "en-vestige-en-noun-PA~4z65C",
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "remains"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestigi"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pozůstatek"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "vestiĝo"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "jälki"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "jäännös"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳvali",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "კვალი"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naḳvalevi",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნაკვალევი"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nišani",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნიშანი"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nišanc̣q̇ali",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნიშანწყალი"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Überrest"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Überbleibsel"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "maradvány"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "nyom"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vestigia"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nagori",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "なごり"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"alt": "こんせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "konseki",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "痕跡"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "pakuriki"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestígio"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perežítok",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "пережи́ток"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestigio"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spår"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rest"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 79 3 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "arta kalan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
"orig": "en:Biology",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, Transactions of the […] annual session, volume 40, Homeopathic Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, page 160",
"text": "Any person seeing such a condition could not help being frightened at the conditions found, and it seems to me that that fact should lead us to think that the appendix is a vestige or becoming so.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1932, John Arthur Thomson, Riddles of science, Ayer Publishing, page 824",
"text": "Now this paired organ of Jacobsen began in reptiles and is well developed in many mammals. But in man it is a vestige, often disappearing altogether; and the two openings are closed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, R. Randal Bollingera, Andrew S. Barbasa, Errol L. Busha, Shu S. Lina, William Parkera, “Biofilms in the large bowel suggest an apparent function of the human vermiform appendix,”, in Journal of Theoretical Biology",
"text": "This idea was confirmed by Scott, who performed a detailed comparative analysis of primate anatomy and demonstrated conclusively that the appendix is derived for some unidentified function and is not a vestige.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor."
],
"id": "en-vestige-en-noun-B3X0oZGj",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"vestigial",
"vestigial"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"evolutionary",
"evolutionary"
],
[
"ancestor",
"ancestor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) A vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 92 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(biology) a vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor",
"word": "csökevény"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Radio",
"orig": "en:Radio",
"parents": [
"Telecommunications",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Television",
"orig": "en:Television",
"parents": [
"Broadcasting",
"Mass media",
"Media",
"Telecommunications",
"Culture",
"Communication",
"Technology",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Tarmo Anttalainen, Introduction to Telecommunications Network Engineering, page 133",
"text": "[J]ust a trace, or vestige, of the other sideband is included. In the receiver detection circuitry the vestige of the lower sideband is added to the upper sideband.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The remaining portion of a partially suppressed sideband."
],
"id": "en-vestige-en-noun-3iHJ~h2r",
"links": [
[
"television",
"television"
],
[
"radio",
"radio"
],
[
"sideband",
"sideband"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(television, radio) The remaining portion of a partially suppressed sideband."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"media",
"radio",
"television"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vestige.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "vestige",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vestigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of vestigen"
],
"id": "en-vestige-nl-verb-1OpWHl6a",
"links": [
[
"vestigen",
"vestigen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of vestigen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-vestige.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-vestige.ogg/Nl-vestige.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-vestige.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin vestīgium",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin vestīgium",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vestīgium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vestiges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "vestige m (plural vestiges)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vestigial"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vestige, relic"
],
"id": "en-vestige-fr-noun-FvlmNio8",
"links": [
[
"vestige",
"vestige#English"
],
[
"relic",
"relic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vɛs.tiʒ/"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "vestige",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "vestigen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of vestigen"
],
"links": [
[
"vestigen",
"vestigen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of vestigen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Nl-vestige.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-vestige.ogg/Nl-vestige.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-vestige.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Requests for review of Dutch translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Hungarian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "vestigial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "vestige"
},
"expansion": "French vestige",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium",
"4": "",
"5": "footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark"
},
"expansion": "Latin vestīgium (“footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French vestige, from Latin vestīgium (“footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vestiges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vestige (plural vestiges)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hint"
},
{
"word": "trace"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A mark left on the earth by a foot."
],
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "trace"
},
{
"word": "sign"
},
{
"word": "track"
},
{
"word": "footstep"
},
{
"word": "footprint"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "the vestiges of ancient magnificence in Palmyra",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "vestiges of former population",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1788, James Hutton, Theory of the earth, page 166",
"text": "The result, therefore, of this physical inquiry is, that we find no vestige of a beginning,— no prospect of an end.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1871, Charles Darwin, Descent of Man, Chapter I",
"text": "Nevertheless in some cases, my original view, that the points are vestiges of the tips of formerly erect and pointed ears, still seems to me probable.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1895, H. G. Wells, The Time Machine, Chapter VIII",
"text": "Only ragged vestiges of glass remained in its windows, and great sheets of the green facing had fallen away from the corroded metallic framework.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1911, “Angkor”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica",
"text": "The chief remains of the Roman Calagurris are the vestiges of an aqueduct and an amphitheatre.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1944, Miles Burton, chapter 5, in The Three Corpse Trick",
"text": "The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present."
],
"links": [
[
"mark",
"mark"
],
[
"sign",
"sign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost, or has perished, or is no longer present."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "remains"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Biology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, Transactions of the […] annual session, volume 40, Homeopathic Medical Society of the State of Pennsylvania, page 160",
"text": "Any person seeing such a condition could not help being frightened at the conditions found, and it seems to me that that fact should lead us to think that the appendix is a vestige or becoming so.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1932, John Arthur Thomson, Riddles of science, Ayer Publishing, page 824",
"text": "Now this paired organ of Jacobsen began in reptiles and is well developed in many mammals. But in man it is a vestige, often disappearing altogether; and the two openings are closed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, R. Randal Bollingera, Andrew S. Barbasa, Errol L. Busha, Shu S. Lina, William Parkera, “Biofilms in the large bowel suggest an apparent function of the human vermiform appendix,”, in Journal of Theoretical Biology",
"text": "This idea was confirmed by Scott, who performed a detailed comparative analysis of primate anatomy and demonstrated conclusively that the appendix is derived for some unidentified function and is not a vestige.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"vestigial",
"vestigial"
],
[
"organ",
"organ"
],
[
"body part",
"body part"
],
[
"evolutionary",
"evolutionary"
],
[
"ancestor",
"ancestor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biology) A vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Radio",
"en:Television"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2003, Tarmo Anttalainen, Introduction to Telecommunications Network Engineering, page 133",
"text": "[J]ust a trace, or vestige, of the other sideband is included. In the receiver detection circuitry the vestige of the lower sideband is added to the upper sideband.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The remaining portion of a partially suppressed sideband."
],
"links": [
[
"television",
"television"
],
[
"radio",
"radio"
],
[
"sideband",
"sideband"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(television, radio) The remaining portion of a partially suppressed sideband."
],
"topics": [
"broadcasting",
"media",
"radio",
"television"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈvɛs.tɪd͡ʒ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-vestige.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-vestige.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sljed",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "след"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sledá",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "следа́"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "跡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jì",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "迹"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "痕跡"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hénjì",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "痕迹"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "antydning"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoor"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "teken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "jalanjälki"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳvali",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "კვალი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naḳvalevi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ნაკვალევი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spur"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "nyom"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "traccia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "segno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strascico"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "impronta"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "marchio"
},
{
"alt": "そくせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "sokuseki",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "足跡"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jachwi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "자취"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "cuvaṭŭ",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ചുവട്"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "kālccuvaṭŭ",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "കാൽച്ചുവട്"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "caviṭṭaṭi",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "ചവിട്ടടി"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spor"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ślad"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestígio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "marca"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pegada"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "urmă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "indiciu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vestigiu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rămășiță"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sled",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "след"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "huella"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pisada"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spår"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "dasto"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"word": "iz"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "slid",
"sense": "mark of the foot left on the earth; a track or footstep; a trace; a sign",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "слід"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestigi"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pozůstatek"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "vestiĝo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "jälki"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "jäännös"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "ḳvali",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "კვალი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "naḳvalevi",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნაკვალევი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nišani",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნიშანი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "nišanc̣q̇ali",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "ნიშანწყალი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Überrest"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Überbleibsel"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "maradvány"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "nyom"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vestigia"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "nagori",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "なごり"
},
{
"alt": "こんせき",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "konseki",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "痕跡"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "pakuriki"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestígio"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "perežítok",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "пережи́ток"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vestigio"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spår"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rest"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "faint mark or visible sign left by something which is lost",
"word": "arta kalan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "(biology) a vestigial organ; a non-functional organ or body part that was once functional in an evolutionary ancestor",
"word": "csökevény"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "vestigial"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin vestīgium",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "vestīgium"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin vestīgium",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin vestīgium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vestiges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "vestige m (plural vestiges)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"vestige, relic"
],
"links": [
[
"vestige",
"vestige#English"
],
[
"relic",
"relic"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vɛs.tiʒ/"
}
],
"word": "vestige"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.