See canaille on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French canaille.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "canaille (countable and uncountable, plural canailles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1553, Ambroise Paré, “The Journey to Hesdin”, in Journeys In Diverse Places:",
"text": "I was on a rampart watching the enemy pitch their camp; and, seeing the crowd of idlers round the stream, I asked M. du Pont, commissary of the artillery, to send one cannon-shot among this canaille: he gave me a flat refusal, saying that all this sort of people was not worth the powder would be wasted on them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, John Ruskin, \"Of Kings' Treasuries\", Unto This Last and Other Writings, Penguin: New York (1997), p. 262",
"text": "… whatever language he knows, he knows precisely; whatever word he pronounces, he pronounces rightly; above all, he is learned in the peerage of words; knows the words of true descent and ancient blood, at a glance, from words of modern canaille; …"
},
{
"ref": "1937, P. G. Wodehouse, Lord Emsworth and Others, Woodstock: Overlook, published 2002, pages 99–100:",
"text": "The President's Cup, for all its high-sounding name, was one of the lowliest and most humble trophies offered for competition to the members of our club... It had been instituted by a kindly committee for the benefit of the canaille of our little golfing world, those retired military, naval and business men who withdraw to the country and take up golf in their fifties.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The lowest class of people; the rabble; the vulgar."
],
"id": "en-canaille-en-noun-ePYhTOkp",
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
],
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, collective) The lowest class of people; the rabble; the vulgar."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commonalty"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Canadian English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 5 10 45 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 6 10 46 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Shorts or inferior flour."
],
"id": "en-canaille-en-noun-g0m8rRoy",
"links": [
[
"Shorts",
"shorts"
],
[
"flour",
"flour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, Canada) Shorts or inferior flour."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈnaɪ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈneɪl/"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "kanari",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: kanari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: kanari"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kanalje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: kanalje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: kanalje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "it",
"3": "canaglia"
},
"expansion": "Italian canaglia",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia. From the sixteenth century onwards.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-s",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "canaille n (plural canailles)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧nail‧le"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plebs, scum, riffraff"
],
"id": "en-canaille-nl-noun-Z0D2kwOt",
"links": [
[
"plebs",
"plebs"
],
[
"scum",
"scum"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) plebs, scum, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"rascal, jerk, scumbag"
],
"id": "en-canaille-nl-noun-gqHBdWIX",
"links": [
[
"rascal",
"rascal"
],
[
"jerk",
"jerk"
],
[
"scumbag",
"scumbag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) rascal, jerk, scumbag"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkaːˈnɑ.jə/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-canaille.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/Nl-canaille.ogg/Nl-canaille.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Nl-canaille.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "superseded",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "kanalje"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "encanaillement"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "encanailler"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kanalje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: kanalje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: kanalje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "canaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: canaille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: canaille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "kanajlo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: kanajlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: kanajlo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kanalja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kanalja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kanalja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Canaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Canaille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Canaille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "kannay"
},
"expansion": "Haitian Creole: kannay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Haitian Creole: kannay"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "canaglia"
},
"expansion": "Italian canaglia",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "canaille f (plural canailles)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "People",
"orig": "fr:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rabble (collectively)"
],
"id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-t3lkv8sG",
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) rabble (collectively)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "fr",
"name": "People",
"orig": "fr:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
],
"id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-2iLuhtog",
"links": [
[
"rascal",
"rascal"
],
[
"blackguard",
"blackguard"
],
[
"scoundrel",
"scoundrel"
],
[
"scum",
"scum"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.naj/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ka.nɑj/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Middle French",
"Dutch terms derived from Italian",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle French",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:People"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "kanari",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: kanari",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: kanari"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "kanalje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ West Frisian: kanalje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ West Frisian: kanalje"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "it",
"3": "canaglia"
},
"expansion": "Italian canaglia",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia. From the sixteenth century onwards.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-s",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "canaille n (plural canailles)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ca‧nail‧le"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"plebs, scum, riffraff"
],
"links": [
[
"plebs",
"plebs"
],
[
"scum",
"scum"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) plebs, scum, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch countable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"rascal, jerk, scumbag"
],
"links": [
[
"rascal",
"rascal"
],
[
"jerk",
"jerk"
],
[
"scumbag",
"scumbag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) rascal, jerk, scumbag"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌkaːˈnɑ.jə/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-canaille.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/Nl-canaille.ogg/Nl-canaille.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Nl-canaille.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "superseded",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "kanalje"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French canaille.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "canaille (countable and uncountable, plural canailles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1553, Ambroise Paré, “The Journey to Hesdin”, in Journeys In Diverse Places:",
"text": "I was on a rampart watching the enemy pitch their camp; and, seeing the crowd of idlers round the stream, I asked M. du Pont, commissary of the artillery, to send one cannon-shot among this canaille: he gave me a flat refusal, saying that all this sort of people was not worth the powder would be wasted on them.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, John Ruskin, \"Of Kings' Treasuries\", Unto This Last and Other Writings, Penguin: New York (1997), p. 262",
"text": "… whatever language he knows, he knows precisely; whatever word he pronounces, he pronounces rightly; above all, he is learned in the peerage of words; knows the words of true descent and ancient blood, at a glance, from words of modern canaille; …"
},
{
"ref": "1937, P. G. Wodehouse, Lord Emsworth and Others, Woodstock: Overlook, published 2002, pages 99–100:",
"text": "The President's Cup, for all its high-sounding name, was one of the lowliest and most humble trophies offered for competition to the members of our club... It had been instituted by a kindly committee for the benefit of the canaille of our little golfing world, those retired military, naval and business men who withdraw to the country and take up golf in their fifties.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The lowest class of people; the rabble; the vulgar."
],
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
],
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, collective) The lowest class of people; the rabble; the vulgar."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "commonalty"
}
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Canadian English",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Shorts or inferior flour."
],
"links": [
[
"Shorts",
"shorts"
],
[
"flour",
"flour"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, Canada) Shorts or inferior flour."
],
"tags": [
"Canada",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈnaɪ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈneɪl/"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"French terms derived from Italian",
"French terms derived from Middle French",
"French terms inherited from Middle French",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"fr:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "encanaillement"
},
{
"word": "encanailler"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kanalje",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: kanalje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: kanalje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "canaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: canaille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: canaille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "kanajlo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: kanajlo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: kanajlo"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kanalja",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: kanalja",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: kanalja"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Canaille",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Canaille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Canaille"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "kannay"
},
"expansion": "Haitian Creole: kannay",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Haitian Creole: kannay"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle French canaille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "frm",
"3": "canaille"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "it",
"3": "canaglia"
},
"expansion": "Italian canaglia",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canailles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "canaille f (plural canailles)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French terms with archaic senses"
],
"glosses": [
"rabble (collectively)"
],
"links": [
[
"rabble",
"rabble"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) rabble (collectively)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
],
"links": [
[
"rascal",
"rascal"
],
[
"blackguard",
"blackguard"
],
[
"scoundrel",
"scoundrel"
],
[
"scum",
"scum"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ka.naj/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ka.nɑj/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg"
}
],
"word": "canaille"
}
Download raw JSONL data for canaille meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.