"canaille" meaning in French

See canaille in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ka.naj/ [France], /ka.nɑj/ [France], /kɑ̃.naj/ [Louisiana] Audio: Fr-canaille.ogg [Paris], LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav [Vosges] Forms: canailles [plural]
Rhymes: -aj, -ɑj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder. Latin canēs Latin canisder. Vulgar Latin *canālia Italian canagliabor. Middle French canaille French canaille Inherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:inh|frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder. Latin canēs Latin canisder. Vulgar Latin *canālia Italian canagliabor. Middle French canaille French canaille [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱwṓ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "canēs", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "canis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Vulgar Latin", "term" : "*canālia", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la-vul" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "ine-pro", "id" : "dog", "pos" : "word" }, "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱwṓ", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "cane", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "-ālia", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₂élis", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "-aglia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" } ], "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "afeq", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "canaglia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "canaille", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "canaille", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="canaille">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|canaille|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French canaille, {{inh+|fr|frm|canaille}} Inherited from Middle French canaille, {{der|fr|it|canaglia}} Italian canaglia Head templates: {{fr-adj}} canaille (plural canailles)
  1. raffish
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-adj-Sr0y46UZ
  2. scoundrelly
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-adj-lnPwpRNg Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 2 1 7 2 1 26 7 9 8 2 7 19 9
  3. (Louisiana) cunning, tricky Tags: Louisiana
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-adj-Jopiw-sT Categories (other): Louisiana French
  4. (Louisiana) mischievous Tags: Louisiana
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-adj-Uqmv0Jz- Categories (other): Louisiana French, Pages using etymon with no ID Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11
  5. (Louisiana) unruly Tags: Louisiana
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-adj-0DWK-dfX Categories (other): Louisiana French, Pages using etymon with no ID Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Noun

IPA: /ka.naj/ [France], /ka.nɑj/ [France], /kɑ̃.naj/ [Louisiana] Audio: Fr-canaille.ogg [Paris], LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav [Vosges] Forms: canailles [plural]
Rhymes: -aj, -ɑj Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder. Latin canēs Latin canisder. Vulgar Latin *canālia Italian canagliabor. Middle French canaille French canaille Inherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia. Etymology templates: {{ety|fr|:inh|frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder. Latin canēs Latin canisder. Vulgar Latin *canālia Italian canagliabor. Middle French canaille French canaille [Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱwṓ", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "canēs", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "canis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Vulgar Latin", "term" : "*canālia", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la-vul" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_duplicate" : true, "children" : [ ], "status" : { "1" : "ine-pro", "id" : "dog", "pos" : "word" }, "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*ḱwṓ", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "cane", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "-ālia", "id" : "adjectivizing suffix", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "is_uncertain" : true, "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*h₂élis", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "status" : "inline", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "grow", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂el-", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-is", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*-ālis", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "-ālis", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "-aglia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" } ], "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "afeq", "is_invisible" : "all" } ], "lang_name" : "Italian", "term" : "canaglia", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "it" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Middle French", "term" : "canaille", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "frm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "French", "term" : "canaille", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "fr" }" data-lang="fr" data-title="canaille">, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|fr|frm|canaille|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Middle French canaille, {{inh+|fr|frm|canaille}} Inherited from Middle French canaille, {{der|fr|it|canaglia}} Italian canaglia Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} canaille f (plural canailles)
  1. (archaic, derogatory, collectively) rabble, riffraff Tags: archaic, collective, derogatory, feminine
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-noun-RzUTHZPo
  2. (also Louisiana) rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum Tags: Louisiana, also, feminine
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-noun-2iLuhtog Categories (other): Louisiana French
  3. (Louisiana) clever person Tags: Louisiana, feminine
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-noun-zc~YytvD Categories (other): Louisiana French, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, French entries with etymology trees, French entries with etymon, French entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 2 1 9 2 1 12 10 12 11 2 9 18 11 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 8 1 0 14 10 12 12 1 9 20 11 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11 Disambiguation of French entries with etymology trees: 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 28 14 Disambiguation of French entries with etymon: 1 14 10 12 11 3 10 26 12 Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 1 13 10 12 12 2 10 26 12
  4. (Louisiana) trickster, prankster Tags: Louisiana, feminine
    Sense id: en-canaille-fr-noun-sIgSIZRl Categories (other): Louisiana French, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with etymology trees Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: canailler, canaillerie, canaillocratie, canaillou, encanaillement, encanailler
Categories (other): People Disambiguation of People: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Inflected forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "fr",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "fr:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "canailler"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "canaillerie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "canaillocratie"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "canaillou"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "encanaillement"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "encanailler"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Haitian Creole",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "kannay"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Louisiana Creole",
      "lang_code": "lou",
      "word": "kanay"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "karnallie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
          "lang_code": "srn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanari"
        },
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanalje"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "canaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "karnallie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
          "lang_code": "srn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanari"
        },
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanalje"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "superseded"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "canaille"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanajlo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Canaille"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Kanaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Russenorsk",
          "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
          "word": "kanalja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Russenorsk",
          "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
          "word": "kanali"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canēs\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*canālia\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"dog\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"cane\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ālia\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"-aglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"canaglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"canaille\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "canaglia"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian canaglia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\nInherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "canailles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "canaille f (plural canailles)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "rabble, riffraff"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-RzUTHZPo",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "rabble",
          "rabble"
        ],
        [
          "riffraff",
          "riffraff"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, derogatory, collectively) rabble, riffraff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "collective",
        "derogatory",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-2iLuhtog",
      "links": [
        [
          "rascal",
          "rascal"
        ],
        [
          "blackguard",
          "blackguard"
        ],
        [
          "scoundrel",
          "scoundrel"
        ],
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(also Louisiana) rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "also",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 9 2 1 12 10 12 11 2 9 18 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 3 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 8 1 0 14 10 12 12 1 9 20 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 14 9 11 10 3 9 28 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 14 10 12 11 3 10 26 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 13 10 12 12 2 10 26 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clever person"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-zc~YytvD",
      "links": [
        [
          "clever",
          "clever"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) clever person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trickster, prankster"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-noun-sIgSIZRl",
      "links": [
        [
          "trickster",
          "trickster"
        ],
        [
          "prankster",
          "prankster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) trickster, prankster"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.nɑj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ],
      "text": "\"une canaille\""
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑ̃.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aj"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑj"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "canailles"
    }
  ],
  "word": "canaille"
}

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "kind": "other",
      "langcode": "fr",
      "name": "People",
      "orig": "fr:People",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canēs\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*canālia\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"dog\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"cane\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ālia\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"-aglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"canaglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"canaille\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "canaglia"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian canaglia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\nInherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "canailles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "canaille (plural canailles)",
      "name": "fr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raffish"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-adj-Sr0y46UZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "raffish",
          "raffish"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 7 3 1 23 7 8 7 3 7 21 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 1 7 2 1 26 7 9 8 2 7 19 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "scoundrelly"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-adj-lnPwpRNg",
      "links": [
        [
          "scoundrelly",
          "scoundrelly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cunning, tricky"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-adj-Jopiw-sT",
      "links": [
        [
          "cunning",
          "cunning"
        ],
        [
          "tricky",
          "tricky"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) cunning, tricky"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mischievous"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-adj-Uqmv0Jz-",
      "links": [
        [
          "mischievous",
          "mischievous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) mischievous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Louisiana French",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 9 3 1 14 9 11 10 3 9 17 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unruly"
      ],
      "id": "en-canaille-fr-adj-0DWK-dfX",
      "links": [
        [
          "unruly",
          "unruly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) unruly"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.nɑj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ],
      "text": "\"une canaille\""
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑ̃.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aj"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑj"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "canailles"
    }
  ],
  "word": "canaille"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French adjectives",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with etymology trees",
    "French entries with etymon",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Italian",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱwṓ",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with homophones",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "Rhymes:French/aj",
    "Rhymes:French/aj/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:French/ɑj",
    "Rhymes:French/ɑj/2 syllables",
    "fr:People"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "canailler"
    },
    {
      "word": "canaillerie"
    },
    {
      "word": "canaillocratie"
    },
    {
      "word": "canaillou"
    },
    {
      "word": "encanaillement"
    },
    {
      "word": "encanailler"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Haitian Creole",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "kannay"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Louisiana Creole",
      "lang_code": "lou",
      "word": "kanay"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Danish",
      "lang_code": "da",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "karnallie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
          "lang_code": "srn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanari"
        },
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanalje"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "canaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Afrikaans",
          "lang_code": "af",
          "word": "karnallie"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Sranan Tongo",
          "lang_code": "srn",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanari"
        },
        {
          "lang": "West Frisian",
          "lang_code": "fy",
          "raw_tags": [
            "borrowed"
          ],
          "word": "kanalje"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "lang_code": "nl",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed",
        "superseded"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "canaille"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanajlo"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Canaille"
    },
    {
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "Kanaille"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Russenorsk",
          "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
          "word": "kanalja"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Russenorsk",
          "lang_code": "crp-rsn",
          "word": "kanali"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "lang_code": "nn",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "raw_tags": [
        "borrowed"
      ],
      "word": "kanalje"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canēs\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*canālia\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"dog\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"cane\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ālia\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"-aglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"canaglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"canaille\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "canaglia"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian canaglia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\nInherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "canailles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "canaille f (plural canailles)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French collective nouns",
        "French derogatory terms",
        "French terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rabble, riffraff"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "rabble",
          "rabble"
        ],
        [
          "riffraff",
          "riffraff"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic, derogatory, collectively) rabble, riffraff"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "collective",
        "derogatory",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rascal",
          "rascal"
        ],
        [
          "blackguard",
          "blackguard"
        ],
        [
          "scoundrel",
          "scoundrel"
        ],
        [
          "scum",
          "scum"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(also Louisiana) rascal, blackguard, scoundrel, scum"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "also",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "clever person"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "clever",
          "clever"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) clever person"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "trickster, prankster"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "trickster",
          "trickster"
        ],
        [
          "prankster",
          "prankster"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) trickster, prankster"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.nɑj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ],
      "text": "\"une canaille\""
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑ̃.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aj"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑj"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "canailles"
    }
  ],
  "word": "canaille"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 2-syllable words",
    "French adjectives",
    "French countable nouns",
    "French entries with etymology trees",
    "French entries with etymon",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French feminine nouns",
    "French lemmas",
    "French nouns",
    "French terms derived from Italian",
    "French terms derived from Latin",
    "French terms derived from Middle French",
    "French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
    "French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱwṓ",
    "French terms inherited from Middle French",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with homophones",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
    "Rhymes:French/aj",
    "Rhymes:French/aj/2 syllables",
    "Rhymes:French/ɑj",
    "Rhymes:French/ɑj/2 syllables",
    "fr:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "frm:canaille<ety:bor<it:canaglia<ety:inh<la-vul:*canālia<ety:der<la:canis>>>>>>",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canēs\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"canis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*canālia\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"dog\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱwṓ\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"cane\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"-ālia\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"-aglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Italian\", \"term\" : \"canaglia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"it\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"frm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"canaille\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" }\" data-lang=\"fr\" data-title=\"canaille\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "canaille"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle French canaille",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "canaglia"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian canaglia",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱwṓder.\nLatin canēs\nLatin canisder.\nVulgar Latin *canālia\nItalian canagliabor.\nMiddle French canaille\nFrench canaille\nInherited from Middle French canaille, from Italian canaglia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "canailles",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "canaille (plural canailles)",
      "name": "fr-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raffish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "raffish",
          "raffish"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "scoundrelly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "scoundrelly",
          "scoundrelly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cunning, tricky"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cunning",
          "cunning"
        ],
        [
          "tricky",
          "tricky"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) cunning, tricky"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mischievous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mischievous",
          "mischievous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) mischievous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Louisiana French"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unruly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unruly",
          "unruly"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Louisiana) unruly"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ka.nɑj/",
      "tags": [
        "France"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg/Fr-canaille.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Fr-canaille.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Paris"
      ],
      "text": "\"une canaille\""
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR-canaille.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Vosges"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɑ̃.naj/",
      "tags": [
        "Louisiana"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aj"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑj"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "canailles"
    }
  ],
  "word": "canaille"
}

Download raw JSONL data for canaille meaning in French (16.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.