See brash on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brashly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brashness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brashy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unbrash"
}
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"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "sco",
"3": "brash"
},
"expansion": "Scots brash",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bars",
"t": "stern; strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bars (“stern; strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "barsch",
"t": "harsh; unfriendly"
},
"expansion": "German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; rough; tough"
},
"expansion": "Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots brash, brasch (“a violent onset; an attack or assault”). Perhaps also related to Dutch bars (“stern; strict”), German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”), Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”), Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brasher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more brash",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "brashest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most brash",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
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"expansion": "brash (comparative brasher or more brash, superlative brashest or most brash)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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{
"_dis": "14 17 26 29 4 1 0 3 2 2 1",
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"name": "Personality",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"examples": [
{
"text": "a brash young businessman; a brash tabloid; a brash sense of humour",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1902, Opie Read, The Starbucks, Chicago: Laird & Lee, Chapter, page 210:",
"text": "Mrs. Mayfield looked away, and the girl stricken with remorse, hastened to her and said: “There, I have been too brash, haven’t I? You must forgive me for I didn’t intend to be brash.”\n“Brash, my dear? What do you mean by that?”\nShe laughed. “Why, I thought everybody know’d what brash meant. Well, it’s er—too quick to say somethin’ you oughtn’t to say.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1925, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 17, in Arrowsmith:",
"text": "Trouble with Silzer is, he’s too brash—shoots off his mouth too much—likes to hear himself talk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Peter De Vries, chapter 14, in Mackerel Plaza, Penguin, published 1986, page 209:",
"text": "The American’s brash unconcern for nuance indicates a young and vigorous country, the Briton’s clipped speech an ancient, proverbial reserve.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, chapter 54, in Americanah, New York: Knopf:",
"text": "Edusco liked him, he could tell; he imagined Edusco talking about him in a gathering of other self-made Igbo men, men who were brash and striving, who juggled huge businesses and supported vast extended families.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-adj-rMVMYR4q",
"links": [
[
"Overly",
"overly"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
"self-assertive",
"self-assertive"
],
[
"insensitive",
"insensitive"
],
[
"tactless",
"tactless"
],
[
"impudent",
"impudent"
],
[
"shameless",
"shameless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people or behaviour"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "audacious"
},
{
"word": "brassy"
},
{
"word": "brazen"
},
{
"word": "cocky"
},
{
"word": "undiplomatic"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrazsǎden",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "безразсъден"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "suverénní"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "neomalený"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "drzý"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "arogantní"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "röyhkeä"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "suffisant"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "m’as-tu-vu"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "dreist"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "forsch"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "frech"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "schnodderig"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "keck"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procax"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dŕzok",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "др́зок"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gostâx",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "گستاخ"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "schwiendriest"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "zuchwały"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tupeist"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obraznic"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impertinent"
},
{
"_dis1": "63 23 14",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procaz"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"kind": "other",
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"_dis": "14 17 26 29 4 1 0 3 2 2 1",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1905, Andy Adams, chapter 2, in The Outlet, Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, page 22:",
"text": "[…] just because you’re a little hot under the collar, don’t do anything brash, for fear you may regret it afterward.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1960 April, George O. Smith, “The Troublemakers”, in Galaxy Science Fiction, volume 18, number 4, page 156:",
"text": "Now, Mr. Reed, you’ve committed nothing but a brash act of bad taste by bypassing the standard channels.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Overly bold, impetuous or rash."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-adj-rDJooX-O",
"links": [
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"rash",
"rash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of actions) Overly bold, impetuous or rash."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of actions"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foolhardy"
},
{
"word": "reckless"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stremitelen",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "стремителен"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "unáhlený"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "nepromyšlený"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "nassforsch"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "übermütig"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 91 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "neprómislen",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "непро́мислен"
}
]
},
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "brash colours",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "a brash perfume",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1963, Ian Fleming, Thrilling Cities, London: Jonathan Cape, Chapter 1, “Hong Kong,”\nThere are scores of brash and noisy bars along Lockhart Street and in Wanchai and North Point (on the island) and throughout the back lanes of Kowloon […]"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Guy Vanderhaeghe, chapter 24, in The Englishman’s Boy, New York: Picador, published 1998, page 243:",
"text": "The driveway is filled with vehicles parked bumper to bumper and the house is lit up like I’ve never seen it before, brash yellow light streaming from every window on every floor, and the tinny, nasal sound of gramophone jazz trumpeting inside.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2001, Walt Dohrn et al. “Artist Unknown”, SpongeBob SquarePants, season 2, episode 18b, Nickelodeon\nSquidward: How about this one? I call it, Bold and Brash.\nArt Curator: More like, belongs in the trash!"
},
{
"ref": "2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards honour the best restoration projects: The Great Western Railway Craft Skills Award: Victoria Arcade”, in RAIL, number 946, page 59:",
"text": "Sadly, by the 1970s the arcade had gone downmarket with brash shop fronts and cheap shops, some of doubtful reputation.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bold, bright or showy, often in a tasteless way."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-adj-Eu3wEUJ1",
"links": [
[
"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"tasteless",
"tasteless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of things) Bold, bright or showy, often in a tasteless way."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of things"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flashy"
},
{
"word": "garish"
},
{
"word": "loud"
},
{
"word": "splashy"
},
{
"word": "gaudy"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 13 79",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "for colors",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "criard"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 13 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "schrill"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 13 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "grell"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 13 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "knallig"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
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"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "water brash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "weaning brash"
}
],
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"t": "harsh; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots brash, brasch (“a violent onset; an attack or assault”). Perhaps also related to Dutch bars (“stern; strict”), German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”), Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”), Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-noun-kF9PWRUv",
"links": [
[
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"rash"
],
[
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"eruption"
]
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sudden burst of rain."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-noun-PRCkUg0z",
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"tags": [
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"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An attack or assault."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-noun-qYxrHX4j",
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An attack or assault."
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
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{
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}
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"word": "brash"
}
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"etymology_number": 1,
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"name": "unc"
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"3": "brash"
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"2": "bars",
"t": "stern; strict"
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},
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},
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"name": "cog"
}
],
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[
"disturb",
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]
],
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"(transitive, obsolete) To disturb."
],
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"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
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"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
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},
{
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{
"ref": "1886, The Lumberman's Hand Book, page 24:",
"text": "Hickory axles […] all cut from tough butt logs. Brash timber is excluded.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Forest Products Laboratory, Wood in Aircraft Construction:",
"text": "Brash wood, when tested in bending, breaks with a short, sharp fracture instead of developing a splintering failure and absorbs a comparatively small amount of work between the elastic limit and final failure",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand, Précis of the Lectures on Architecture (page 94)",
"text": "[…] brash timber, which is liable to snap; […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brittle (said e.g. of wood or vegetables)."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-adj-Xxma-lOi",
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"brittle"
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],
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],
"tags": [
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"colloquial",
"dated"
]
}
],
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}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stonebrash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brash ice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "stone brash"
}
],
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"name": "cog"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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},
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{
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}
],
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],
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"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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{
"ref": "1839, Sir Charles Lyell, Elements of Geology:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
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"links": [
[
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],
[
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],
[
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[
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 68 27",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rock fragments",
"word": "(kamenná) suť"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1853, Elisha Kent Kane, The U. S. Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin:",
"text": "The sea dashed in an angry surf over its inclined sides, rattling the icy fragments or “brash” against its irregular surface",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Broken fragments of ice."
],
"id": "en-brash-en-noun-iOuywcJP",
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
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"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brashly"
},
{
"word": "brashness"
},
{
"word": "brashy"
},
{
"word": "unbrash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
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},
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},
{
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},
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{
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},
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},
{
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},
{
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"t": "harsh; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
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{
"form": "brasher",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "more brash",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "brashest",
"tags": [
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},
{
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}
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a brash young businessman; a brash tabloid; a brash sense of humour",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1902, Opie Read, The Starbucks, Chicago: Laird & Lee, Chapter, page 210:",
"text": "Mrs. Mayfield looked away, and the girl stricken with remorse, hastened to her and said: “There, I have been too brash, haven’t I? You must forgive me for I didn’t intend to be brash.”\n“Brash, my dear? What do you mean by that?”\nShe laughed. “Why, I thought everybody know’d what brash meant. Well, it’s er—too quick to say somethin’ you oughtn’t to say.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1925, Sinclair Lewis, chapter 17, in Arrowsmith:",
"text": "Trouble with Silzer is, he’s too brash—shoots off his mouth too much—likes to hear himself talk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1958, Peter De Vries, chapter 14, in Mackerel Plaza, Penguin, published 1986, page 209:",
"text": "The American’s brash unconcern for nuance indicates a young and vigorous country, the Briton’s clipped speech an ancient, proverbial reserve.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, chapter 54, in Americanah, New York: Knopf:",
"text": "Edusco liked him, he could tell; he imagined Edusco talking about him in a gathering of other self-made Igbo men, men who were brash and striving, who juggled huge businesses and supported vast extended families.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
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"overly"
],
[
"bold",
"bold"
],
[
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"self-assertive"
],
[
"insensitive",
"insensitive"
],
[
"tactless",
"tactless"
],
[
"impudent",
"impudent"
],
[
"shameless",
"shameless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of people or behaviour) Overly bold or self-assertive to the point of being insensitive, tactless or impudent; shameless."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of people or behaviour"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "audacious"
},
{
"word": "brassy"
},
{
"word": "brazen"
},
{
"word": "cocky"
},
{
"word": "undiplomatic"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1905, Andy Adams, chapter 2, in The Outlet, Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, page 22:",
"text": "[…] just because you’re a little hot under the collar, don’t do anything brash, for fear you may regret it afterward.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1960 April, George O. Smith, “The Troublemakers”, in Galaxy Science Fiction, volume 18, number 4, page 156:",
"text": "Now, Mr. Reed, you’ve committed nothing but a brash act of bad taste by bypassing the standard channels.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Overly bold, impetuous or rash."
],
"links": [
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"rash",
"rash"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of actions) Overly bold, impetuous or rash."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of actions"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "foolhardy"
},
{
"word": "reckless"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "brash colours",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "a brash perfume",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "1963, Ian Fleming, Thrilling Cities, London: Jonathan Cape, Chapter 1, “Hong Kong,”\nThere are scores of brash and noisy bars along Lockhart Street and in Wanchai and North Point (on the island) and throughout the back lanes of Kowloon […]"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Guy Vanderhaeghe, chapter 24, in The Englishman’s Boy, New York: Picador, published 1998, page 243:",
"text": "The driveway is filled with vehicles parked bumper to bumper and the house is lit up like I’ve never seen it before, brash yellow light streaming from every window on every floor, and the tinny, nasal sound of gramophone jazz trumpeting inside.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2001, Walt Dohrn et al. “Artist Unknown”, SpongeBob SquarePants, season 2, episode 18b, Nickelodeon\nSquidward: How about this one? I call it, Bold and Brash.\nArt Curator: More like, belongs in the trash!"
},
{
"ref": "2021 December 15, Robin Leleux, “Awards honour the best restoration projects: The Great Western Railway Craft Skills Award: Victoria Arcade”, in RAIL, number 946, page 59:",
"text": "Sadly, by the 1970s the arcade had gone downmarket with brash shop fronts and cheap shops, some of doubtful reputation.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Bold, bright or showy, often in a tasteless way."
],
"links": [
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"bright",
"bright"
],
[
"showy",
"showy"
],
[
"tasteless",
"tasteless"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of things) Bold, bright or showy, often in a tasteless way."
],
"raw_tags": [
"of things"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "flashy"
},
{
"word": "garish"
},
{
"word": "loud"
},
{
"word": "splashy"
},
{
"word": "gaudy"
}
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bezrazsǎden",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "безразсъден"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "suverénní"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "neomalený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "drzý"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "arogantní"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "röyhkeä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "suffisant"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "m’as-tu-vu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "dreist"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "forsch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "frech"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "schnodderig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "keck"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procax"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "dŕzok",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "др́зок"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gostâx",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "گستاخ"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "schwiendriest"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "zuchwały"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procaz"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tupeist"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "obraznic"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "impertinent"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "overly bold or self-assertive",
"word": "procaz"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "stremitelen",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "стремителен"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "unáhlený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "nepromyšlený"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "nassforsch"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "übermütig"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "neprómislen",
"sense": "impetuous or rash",
"word": "непро́мислен"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "for colors",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "criard"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "schrill"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "grell"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bold, bright or showy",
"word": "knallig"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "water brash"
},
{
"word": "weaning brash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "brash"
},
"expansion": "Scots brash",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bars",
"t": "stern; strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bars (“stern; strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "barsch",
"t": "harsh; unfriendly"
},
"expansion": "German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; rough; tough"
},
"expansion": "Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots brash, brasch (“a violent onset; an attack or assault”). Perhaps also related to Dutch bars (“stern; strict”), German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”), Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”), Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "brash (countable and uncountable, plural brashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A rash or eruption; a sudden or transient fit of sickness."
],
"links": [
[
"rash",
"rash"
],
[
"eruption",
"eruption"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A sudden burst of rain."
],
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An attack or assault."
],
"links": [
[
"attack",
"attack"
],
[
"assault",
"assault"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An attack or assault."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Scots",
"English terms derived from Scots",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sco",
"3": "brash"
},
"expansion": "Scots brash",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bars",
"t": "stern; strict"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bars (“stern; strict”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "barsch",
"t": "harsh; unfriendly"
},
"expansion": "German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; rough; tough"
},
"expansion": "Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "barsk",
"t": "harsh; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Perhaps from Scots brash, brasch (“a violent onset; an attack or assault”). Perhaps also related to Dutch bars (“stern; strict”), German barsch (“harsh; unfriendly”), Danish barsk (“harsh; rough; tough”), Swedish barsk (“harsh; impetuous”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brashing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brashed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "brashed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "brash (third-person singular simple present brashes, present participle brashing, simple past and past participle brashed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To disturb."
],
"links": [
[
"disturb",
"disturb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolete) To disturb."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-US",
"2": "bresk"
},
"expansion": "American English bresk",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare American English bresk, brusk (“fragile, brittle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brasher",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more brash",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "brashest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most brash",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "brash (comparative brasher or more brash, superlative brashest or most brash)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"American English",
"English colloquialisms",
"English dated terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886, The Lumberman's Hand Book, page 24:",
"text": "Hickory axles […] all cut from tough butt logs. Brash timber is excluded.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Forest Products Laboratory, Wood in Aircraft Construction:",
"text": "Brash wood, when tested in bending, breaks with a short, sharp fracture instead of developing a splintering failure and absorbs a comparatively small amount of work between the elastic limit and final failure",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand, Précis of the Lectures on Architecture (page 94)",
"text": "[…] brash timber, which is liable to snap; […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Brittle (said e.g. of wood or vegetables)."
],
"links": [
[
"Brittle",
"brittle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, colloquial, dated) Brittle (said e.g. of wood or vegetables)."
],
"tags": [
"US",
"colloquial",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ",
"Rhymes:English/æʃ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "stonebrash"
},
{
"word": "brash ice"
},
{
"word": "stone brash"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en-US",
"2": "bresk"
},
"expansion": "American English bresk",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare American English bresk, brusk (“fragile, brittle”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "brash (countable and uncountable, plural brashes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Leaf litter of small leaves and little twigs as found under a hedge."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Geology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1839, Sir Charles Lyell, Elements of Geology:",
"text": "Alluvium differs from the rubble or brash , just described , as being composed of sand and gravel , more or less rolled",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Broken and angular rock fragments underlying alluvial deposits."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"angular",
"angular"
],
[
"rock",
"rock"
],
[
"fragment",
"fragment"
],
[
"alluvial",
"alluvial"
],
[
"deposit",
"deposit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) Broken and angular rock fragments underlying alluvial deposits."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1853, Elisha Kent Kane, The U. S. Grinnell Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin:",
"text": "The sea dashed in an angry surf over its inclined sides, rattling the icy fragments or “brash” against its irregular surface",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Broken fragments of ice."
],
"links": [
[
"ice",
"ice"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brash.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brash.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æʃ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "rock fragments",
"word": "(kamenná) suť"
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "water brash"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "brashes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "brashes",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "brash (plural brashes)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es"
},
"expansion": "brash (plural brashes)",
"name": "sco-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scots entries with incorrect language header",
"Scots lemmas",
"Scots nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"illness, fit"
],
"links": [
[
"illness",
"illness"
],
[
"fit",
"fit"
]
]
}
],
"word": "brash"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brash meaning in All languages combined (23.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.