See tu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Old French tu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "tu",
"4": "tū"
},
"expansion": "Latin tū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Italian tu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.\nCognates with the exact same usage are the Italian tu, as well as du in German or ты in Russian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vous",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toi",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "ton",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"10": "toi",
"11": "possessive determiner",
"12": "ton",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "second person informal singular",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "vous",
"7": "object",
"8": "te",
"9": "emphatic",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "tu (second person informal singular, plural vous, object te, emphatic toi, possessive determiner ton)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 78 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French interrogative particles",
"parents": [
"Interrogative particles",
"Interrogative pro-forms",
"Particles",
"Pro-forms",
"Lemmas",
"Terms by semantic function"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 71 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tutoyer"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you (singular); thou"
],
"id": "en-tu-fr-pron-YlRQo4WZ",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"polite",
"singular"
],
"word": "vous"
},
{
"word": "je"
},
{
"word": "j’"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "m’"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "moi"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "t’"
},
{
"word": "toi"
},
{
"word": "il"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "l’"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "y"
},
{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "elle"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "on1"
},
{
"word": "se"
},
{
"word": "s’4"
},
{
"word": "soi4"
},
{
"word": "nous"
},
{
"word": "vous2"
},
{
"word": "3"
},
{
"word": "ils3"
},
{
"word": "les"
},
{
"word": "leur"
},
{
"word": "eux3"
},
{
"word": "elles"
},
{
"word": "1 Also used as the first person plural"
},
{
"word": "2 Also used as the polite singular form"
},
{
"word": "3 Also used when a group has both men and women"
},
{
"word": "4 Also used as third person plural reflexive"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "tue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "tus",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tues",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tu (feminine tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)",
"name": "fr-past participle"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "taire"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of taire"
],
"id": "en-tu-fr-verb-aD5Q43pb",
"links": [
[
"taire",
"taire#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From t-il.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "interrogative particles"
},
"expansion": "tu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quebec French",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is it possible?",
"text": "C’est-tu possible ?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"question marker"
],
"id": "en-tu-fr-particle-fr:question_marker",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Quebec, informal) question marker"
],
"senseid": [
"fr:question marker"
],
"tags": [
"Quebec",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French interrogative particles",
"French lemmas",
"French particles",
"French personal pronouns",
"French pronouns",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Old French",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"French terms inherited from Latin",
"French terms inherited from Old French",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 96 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/y",
"Rhymes:French/y/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tutoyer"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Old French tu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "tu",
"4": "tū"
},
"expansion": "Latin tū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*tū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *tū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Italian tu",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old French tu, from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.\nCognates with the exact same usage are the Italian tu, as well as du in German or ты in Russian.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vous",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "toi",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "ton",
"tags": [
"determiner",
"possessive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"10": "toi",
"11": "possessive determiner",
"12": "ton",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "second person informal singular",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "vous",
"7": "object",
"8": "te",
"9": "emphatic",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "tu (second person informal singular, plural vous, object te, emphatic toi, possessive determiner ton)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"plural",
"polite",
"singular"
],
"word": "vous"
},
{
"word": "je"
},
{
"word": "j’"
},
{
"word": "me"
},
{
"word": "m’"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "moi"
},
{
"word": "te"
},
{
"word": "t’"
},
{
"word": "toi"
},
{
"word": "il"
},
{
"word": "le"
},
{
"word": "l’"
},
{
"word": "lui"
},
{
"word": "y"
},
{
"word": "en"
},
{
"word": "elle"
},
{
"word": "la"
},
{
"word": "on1"
},
{
"word": "se"
},
{
"word": "s’4"
},
{
"word": "soi4"
},
{
"word": "nous"
},
{
"word": "vous2"
},
{
"word": "3"
},
{
"word": "ils3"
},
{
"word": "les"
},
{
"word": "leur"
},
{
"word": "eux3"
},
{
"word": "elles"
},
{
"word": "1 Also used as the first person plural"
},
{
"word": "2 Also used as the polite singular form"
},
{
"word": "3 Also used when a group has both men and women"
},
{
"word": "4 Also used as third person plural reflexive"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"you (singular); thou"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French interrogative particles",
"French lemmas",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French particles",
"French past participles",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 96 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/y",
"Rhymes:French/y/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "tue",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "tus",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tues",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tu (feminine tue, masculine plural tus, feminine plural tues)",
"name": "fr-past participle"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French past participles"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "taire"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of taire"
],
"links": [
[
"taire",
"taire#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French interrogative particles",
"French lemmas",
"French particles",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"Pages with 96 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:French/y",
"Rhymes:French/y/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From t-il.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "particle",
"cat2": "interrogative particles"
},
"expansion": "tu",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French informal terms",
"French terms with usage examples",
"Quebec French"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Is it possible?",
"text": "C’est-tu possible ?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"question marker"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Quebec, informal) question marker"
],
"senseid": [
"fr:question marker"
],
"tags": [
"Quebec",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ty/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-tu.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg/Fr-tu.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Fr-tu.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sy]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡sʏ]",
"tags": [
"Quebec"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ti]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ʃy]",
"tags": [
"Louisiana"
]
},
{
"homophone": "tue"
},
{
"homophone": "tues"
},
{
"homophone": "tuent"
},
{
"homophone": "tus"
},
{
"homophone": "tut"
},
{
"homophone": "tût"
},
{
"rhymes": "-y"
}
],
"word": "tu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tu meaning in French (6.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: object te",
"path": [
"tu"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "tu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.