"tutoyer" meaning in French

See tutoyer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ty.twa.je/ Audio: Fr-tutoyer.ogg
Etymology: From tu + -oyer with euphonic t; compare the Icelandic þúa, German duzen and English thou. Cognate with Portuguese tutear, Spanish tutear and Romanian tutui. Etymology templates: {{m|fr|tu}} tu, {{af|fr|-oyer}} -oyer, {{m|fr|t}} t, {{cog|is|þúa}} Icelandic þúa, {{cog|de|duzen}} German duzen, {{cog|en|thou}} English thou, {{cog|pt|tutear}} Portuguese tutear, {{cog|es|tutear}} Spanish tutear, {{cog|ro|tutui}} Romanian tutui Head templates: {{fr-verb}} tutoyer Inflection templates: {{fr-conj-auto}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], tutoyer [infinitive], avoir + past participle [infinitive, multiword-construction], tutoyant [gerund, participle, present], ayant + past participle [gerund, multiword-construction, participle, present], tutoyé [participle, past], tutoie [first-person, indicative, present, singular], tutoies [indicative, present, second-person, singular], tutoie [indicative, present, singular, third-person], tutoyons [first-person, indicative, plural, present], tutoyez [indicative, plural, present, second-person], tutoient [indicative, plural, present, third-person], tutoyais [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], tutoyais [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], tutoyait [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], tutoyions [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], tutoyiez [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], tutoyaient [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], tutoyai [first-person, historic, indicative, past, singular], tutoyas [historic, indicative, past, second-person, singular], tutoya [historic, indicative, past, singular, third-person], tutoyâmes [first-person, historic, indicative, past, plural], tutoyâtes [historic, indicative, past, plural, second-person], tutoyèrent [historic, indicative, past, plural, third-person], tutoierai [first-person, future, indicative, singular], tutoieras [future, indicative, second-person, singular], tutoiera [future, indicative, singular, third-person], tutoierons [first-person, future, indicative, plural], tutoierez [future, indicative, plural, second-person], tutoieront [future, indicative, plural, third-person], tutoierais [conditional, first-person, singular], tutoierais [conditional, second-person, singular], tutoierait [conditional, singular, third-person], tutoierions [conditional, first-person, plural], tutoieriez [conditional, plural, second-person], tutoieraient [conditional, plural, third-person], present indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, perfect, present], imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle [indicative, multiword-construction, pluperfect], past historic of avoir + past participle [anterior, indicative, multiword-construction, past], future of avoir + past participle [future, indicative, multiword-construction, perfect], conditional of avoir + past participle [conditional, multiword-construction, perfect], tutoie [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], tutoies [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], tutoie [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], tutoyions [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], tutoyiez [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], tutoient [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], tutoyasse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], tutoyasses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], tutoyât [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], tutoyassions [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], tutoyassiez [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], tutoyassent [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], present subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, past, subjunctive], imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle [multiword-construction, pluperfect, subjunctive], tutoie [imperative, second-person, singular], tutoyons [first-person, imperative, plural], tutoyez [imperative, plural, second-person], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, second-person, singular], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [first-person, imperative, multiword-construction, plural], simple imperative of avoir + past participle [imperative, multiword-construction, plural, second-person]
  1. (transitive) to thou (to address (someone) using the informal second-person pronoun tu rather than the formal vous) Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-tutoyer-fr-verb-A7g9MEB7 Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, French terms suffixed with -oyer, French verbs with conjugation -yer Disambiguation of French entries with incorrect language header: 64 36 Disambiguation of French terms suffixed with -oyer: 61 39 Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -yer: 53 47
  2. (colloquial) to be familiar with, to be close to something Tags: colloquial
    Sense id: en-tutoyer-fr-verb-IH53W7Op Categories (other): French verbs with conjugation -yer Disambiguation of French verbs with conjugation -yer: 53 47
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: tutoiement Related terms: T-V distinction

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for tutoyer meaning in French (11.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tutoiement"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "tu"
      },
      "expansion": "tu",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-oyer"
      },
      "expansion": "-oyer",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "t",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "þúa"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic þúa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "duzen"
      },
      "expansion": "German duzen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "thou"
      },
      "expansion": "English thou",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "tutear"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese tutear",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "tutear"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish tutear",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "tutui"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian tutui",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From tu + -oyer with euphonic t; compare the Icelandic þúa, German duzen and English thou. Cognate with Portuguese tutear, Spanish tutear and Romanian tutui.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyant",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyé",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoies",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyait",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyaient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyai",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyas",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoya",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyâmes",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyâtes",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyèrent",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierai",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieras",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoiera",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieront",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierait",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieriez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieraient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoies",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyasse",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyasses",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyât",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassent",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tutoyer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "T-V distinction"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vouvoyer"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French terms suffixed with -oyer",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -yer",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to thou (to address (someone) using the informal second-person pronoun tu rather than the formal vous)"
      ],
      "id": "en-tutoyer-fr-verb-A7g9MEB7",
      "links": [
        [
          "thou",
          "thou"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address#English"
        ],
        [
          "tu",
          "tu#French"
        ],
        [
          "vous",
          "vous#French"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to thou (to address (someone) using the informal second-person pronoun tu rather than the formal vous)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "53 47",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "French verbs with conjugation -yer",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "To be no stranger to death",
          "text": "Tutoyer la mort.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Downtown Bozeman has kept its rustic western charm all while welcoming a new cohort of hipsters, fans of the outdoors, mountain bikes, and kombucha. They came to get up close and personal with the bear and the bald eagle on mountain trails and never left.",
          "roman": "Le centre-ville restauré de Bozeman a gardé son charme western rustique, tout en accueillant une nouvelle cohorte de hipsters, amateurs de plein air, de vélo de montagne et de kombucha. Ils sont venus tutoyer l’ours et le pygargue à tête blanche dans les sentiers de montagne et ne sont jamais repartis.",
          "text": "2024 (14 April), Yves Boisvert, \"J'ai marié un espion\", La Presse",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be familiar with, to be close to something"
      ],
      "id": "en-tutoyer-fr-verb-IH53W7Op",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to be familiar with, to be close to something"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-tutoyer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Fr-tutoyer.ogg/Fr-tutoyer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Fr-tutoyer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tutoyer"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "French 3-syllable words",
    "French entries with incorrect language header",
    "French first group verbs",
    "French lemmas",
    "French terms suffixed with -oyer",
    "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "French terms with audio links",
    "French verbs",
    "French verbs with conjugation -yer"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "tutoiement"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "tu"
      },
      "expansion": "tu",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "-oyer"
      },
      "expansion": "-oyer",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "t"
      },
      "expansion": "t",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "þúa"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic þúa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "duzen"
      },
      "expansion": "German duzen",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "thou"
      },
      "expansion": "English thou",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "tutear"
      },
      "expansion": "Portuguese tutear",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "tutear"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish tutear",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "tutui"
      },
      "expansion": "Romanian tutui",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From tu + -oyer with euphonic t; compare the Icelandic þúa, German duzen and English thou. Cognate with Portuguese tutear, Spanish tutear and Romanian tutui.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fr-conj-auto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "multiword-construction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyant",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɑ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ayant + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund",
        "multiword-construction",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyé",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoies",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyait",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyaient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyai",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyas",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoya",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyâmes",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jam/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyâtes",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jat/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyèrent",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɛʁ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "historic",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierai",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieras",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoiera",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁe/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieront",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierais",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierait",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoierions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieriez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoieraient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ʁɛ/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "anterior",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "future of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "multiword-construction",
        "perfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoies",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twaj.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoient",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyasse",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyasses",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyât",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassions",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja.sjɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassiez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.ja.sje/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyassent",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jas/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "multiword-construction",
        "pluperfect",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoie",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyons",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.jɔ̃/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tutoyez",
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "multiword-construction",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tutoyer",
      "name": "fr-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "fr-conj-auto"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "T-V distinction"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "vouvoyer"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "French transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to thou (to address (someone) using the informal second-person pronoun tu rather than the formal vous)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thou",
          "thou"
        ],
        [
          "address",
          "address#English"
        ],
        [
          "tu",
          "tu#French"
        ],
        [
          "vous",
          "vous#French"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to thou (to address (someone) using the informal second-person pronoun tu rather than the formal vous)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "French colloquialisms",
        "French terms with quotations",
        "French terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "To be no stranger to death",
          "text": "Tutoyer la mort.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Downtown Bozeman has kept its rustic western charm all while welcoming a new cohort of hipsters, fans of the outdoors, mountain bikes, and kombucha. They came to get up close and personal with the bear and the bald eagle on mountain trails and never left.",
          "roman": "Le centre-ville restauré de Bozeman a gardé son charme western rustique, tout en accueillant une nouvelle cohorte de hipsters, amateurs de plein air, de vélo de montagne et de kombucha. Ils sont venus tutoyer l’ours et le pygargue à tête blanche dans les sentiers de montagne et ne sont jamais repartis.",
          "text": "2024 (14 April), Yves Boisvert, \"J'ai marié un espion\", La Presse",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be familiar with, to be close to something"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) to be familiar with, to be close to something"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ty.twa.je/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-tutoyer.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ed/Fr-tutoyer.ogg/Fr-tutoyer.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Fr-tutoyer.ogg",
      "text": "audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tutoyer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable French dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.