See tug in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tug meaning in English (17.3kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug off"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug one's forelock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toggen"
},
"expansion": "toggen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "tow",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tugging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (third-person singular simple present tugs, present participle tugging, simple past and past participle tugged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police officers tugged the drunkard out of the pub.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-g7QLjFw3",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vlača",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "влача"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "kiskaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "riuhtaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "nykäistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "raahata"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "vonszol"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trascinare"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jorāne khecṇe",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "जोराने खेचणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trage"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "smuci"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потяну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potaščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потащи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "jalar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 15 6 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "släpa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 45 48 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-zfUOOmda",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"repeatedly",
"repeatedly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎrpam",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "дърпам"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rukken"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kiskoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "riuhtoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "nykiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rángat"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "ráncigál"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "cibál"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "húzogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirare"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kāhakihaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргать"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tironear"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 69 21 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "dra"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 45 48 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tow by tugboat."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-1gAiOMO0",
"links": [
[
"tow",
"tow"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To tow by tugboat."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzimam na buksir",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "взимам на буксир"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bugsere"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "slepen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbuksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отбукси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 9 89 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bogsera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To masturbate."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-~E9p9hIT",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, transitive, intransitive) To masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rub and tug"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tugboat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug of love"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug of war"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toggen"
},
"expansion": "toggen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "tow",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (plural tugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "But Van Persie slotted home 40 seconds after the break before David Wheater saw red for a tug on Theo Walcott.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden powerful pull."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-xPJiVLfq",
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäys"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäisy"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "tirement"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strattone"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khec",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खेच"
},
{
"_dis1": "92 2 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 July, J. C. Mertens, “By the \"Taurus Express\" to Baghdad”, in Railway Magazine, page 435",
"text": "Shipping of every sort, from passenger liners to ferry steamers, tramps to tugs and trailing barges, feluccas to speedboats and yachts, from warships to caiques, chugs, hoots, glides or churns its way in all directions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tugboat."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-oG31B2sa",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A tugboat."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1910, Rudyard Kipling, Simple Simon",
"text": "Cattiwi came down the steep lane with his five-horse timber-tug",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-Ypbrua1S",
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A trace, or drawing strap, of a harness."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-5IBs20uS",
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"harness",
"harness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A dog toy consisting of a rope, often with a knot in it."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-Io4UOD2p",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"toy",
"toy"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"knot",
"knot"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"word": "purunaru"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szarpak"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [
"Industries",
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-WPCqm-uD",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"tub",
"tub"
],
[
"tackle",
"tackle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He had a quick tug to calm himself down before his date.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of male masturbation."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-uKI7ibkz",
"links": [
[
"masturbation",
"masturbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) An act of male masturbation."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tug down"
},
{
"word": "tug off"
},
{
"word": "tug one's forelock"
},
{
"word": "tug up"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toggen"
},
"expansion": "toggen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "tow",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tugging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (third-person singular simple present tugs, present participle tugging, simple past and past participle tugged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police officers tugged the drunkard out of the pub.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"repeatedly",
"repeatedly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To tow by tugboat."
],
"links": [
[
"tow",
"tow"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To tow by tugboat."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To masturbate."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, transitive, intransitive) To masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"slang",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vlača",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "влача"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trekken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "kiskaista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "riuhtaista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "nykäistä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "raahata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "vonszol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trascinare"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jorāne khecṇe",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "जोराने खेचणे"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trage"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "smuci"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потяну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potaščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потащи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "jalar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "släpa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎrpam",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "дърпам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rukken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kiskoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "riuhtoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "nykiä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rángat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "ráncigál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "cibál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "húzogat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kāhakihaki"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tironear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzimam na buksir",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "взимам на буксир"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bugsere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "slepen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbuksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отбукси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bogsera"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rub and tug"
},
{
"word": "tugboat"
},
{
"word": "tug of love"
},
{
"word": "tug of war"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "toggen"
},
"expansion": "toggen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tow"
},
"expansion": "tow",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (plural tugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport",
"text": "But Van Persie slotted home 40 seconds after the break before David Wheater saw red for a tug on Theo Walcott.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden powerful pull."
],
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 July, J. C. Mertens, “By the \"Taurus Express\" to Baghdad”, in Railway Magazine, page 435",
"text": "Shipping of every sort, from passenger liners to ferry steamers, tramps to tugs and trailing barges, feluccas to speedboats and yachts, from warships to caiques, chugs, hoots, glides or churns its way in all directions.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tugboat."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A tugboat."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1910, Rudyard Kipling, Simple Simon",
"text": "Cattiwi came down the steep lane with his five-horse timber-tug",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A trace, or drawing strap, of a harness."
],
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"harness",
"harness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A dog toy consisting of a rope, often with a knot in it."
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"toy",
"toy"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"knot",
"knot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"tub",
"tub"
],
[
"tackle",
"tackle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He had a quick tug to calm himself down before his date.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of male masturbation."
],
"links": [
[
"masturbation",
"masturbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) An act of male masturbation."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäisy"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "tirement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strattone"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khec",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खेच"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"word": "purunaru"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szarpak"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.