See tug on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug down"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug off"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug one's forelock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug up"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tugging",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tugged",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (third-person singular simple present tugs, present participle tugging, simple past and past participle tugged)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The police officers tugged the drunkard out of the pub.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-g7QLjFw3",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vlača",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "влача"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trekken"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "kiskaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "riuhtaista"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "nykäistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "raahata"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "vonszol"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trascinare"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jorāne khecṇe",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "जोराने खेचणे"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trage"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "smuci"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потяну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potaščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потащи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "jalar"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 14 7 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "släpa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-zfUOOmda",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"repeatedly",
"repeatedly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎrpam",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "дърпам"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rukken"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kiskoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "riuhtoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "nykiä"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rángat"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "ráncigál"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "cibál"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "húzogat"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirare"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kāhakihaki"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргать"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуть"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tironear"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "jalonear"
},
{
"_dis1": "29 63 7 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "dra"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To tow by tugboat."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-1gAiOMO0",
"links": [
[
"tow",
"tow"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To tow by tugboat."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzimam na buksir",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "взимам на буксир"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bugsere"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "slepen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbuksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отбукси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 1 95 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bogsera"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To masturbate."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-verb-~E9p9hIT",
"links": [
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, ambitransitive) To masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rub and tug"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tugboat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug of love"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tug of war"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (plural tugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Eleventh Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "At the tug he falls, / Vast ruins come along, rent from the smoking walls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996 September, Doreen Drury, “The Gay Capital of the World”, in Gay Community News, page 22:",
"text": "Even though the authors note that they have not \"exhausted the subject of San Francisco's queer history,\" the hope is that enough of \"us\" outside the Bay Area will find something of ourselves represented in the book and will feel that tug of connection to and solidarity with the gay capital's community.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "But Van Persie slotted home 40 seconds after the break before David Wheater saw red for a tug on Theo Walcott.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden powerful pull."
],
"id": "en-tug-en-noun-xPJiVLfq",
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäys"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäisy"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "tirement"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strattone"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khec",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खेच"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jalón"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "halón"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 5 1 1 2 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jalada"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 July, J. C. Mertens, “By the \"Taurus Express\" to Baghdad”, in Railway Magazine, page 435:",
"text": "Shipping of every sort, from passenger liners to ferry steamers, tramps to tugs and trailing barges, feluccas to speedboats and yachts, from warships to caiques, chugs, hoots, glides or churns its way in all directions.",
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},
{
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],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"drag",
"drag"
],
[
"great",
"great"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull or drag with great effort."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"repeatedly",
"repeatedly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull hard repeatedly."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To tow by tugboat."
],
"links": [
[
"tow",
"tow"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To tow by tugboat."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English slang",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To masturbate."
],
"links": [
[
"masturbate",
"masturbate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang, ambitransitive) To masturbate."
],
"tags": [
"ambitransitive",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vlača",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "влача"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trekken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "kiskaista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "riuhtaista"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "nykäistä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "raahata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "vonszol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trascinare"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "jorāne khecṇe",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "जोराने खेचणे"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "trage"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "smuci"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potjanútʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потяну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "potaščítʹ",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "потащи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "tirar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "jalar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull with great effort",
"word": "släpa"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dǎrpam",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "дърпам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rukken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kiskoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "riuhtoa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "nykiä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "zerren"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "rángat"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "ráncigál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "cibál"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "húzogat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tirare"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "kāhakihaki"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórgatʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "дёргать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "djórnutʹ",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "дёрнуть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "tironear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "jalonear"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to pull repeatedly",
"word": "dra"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vzimam na buksir",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "взимам на буксир"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bugsere"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "slepen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "otbuksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "отбукси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tow by tugboat",
"word": "bogsera"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ/1 syllable",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rub and tug"
},
{
"word": "tugboat"
},
{
"word": "tug of love"
},
{
"word": "tug of war"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tuggen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tuggen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, drag"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian (“to draw, drag”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną",
"4": "",
"5": "to draw, tear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "togen",
"3": "",
"4": "to draw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German togen (“to draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, tear off"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "toga",
"3": "",
"4": "to pull, draw"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tuggen, toggen, from Old English togian (“to draw, drag”), from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to draw, tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull”).\nCognate with Middle Low German togen (“to draw”), Middle High German zogen (“to pull, tear off”), Icelandic toga (“to pull, draw”). Related to tow.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (plural tugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1697, Virgil, “The Eleventh Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "At the tug he falls, / Vast ruins come along, rent from the smoking walls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1996 September, Doreen Drury, “The Gay Capital of the World”, in Gay Community News, page 22:",
"text": "Even though the authors note that they have not \"exhausted the subject of San Francisco's queer history,\" the hope is that enough of \"us\" outside the Bay Area will find something of ourselves represented in the book and will feel that tug of connection to and solidarity with the gay capital's community.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport:",
"text": "But Van Persie slotted home 40 seconds after the break before David Wheater saw red for a tug on Theo Walcott.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sudden powerful pull."
],
"links": [
[
"sudden",
"sudden"
],
[
"powerful",
"powerful"
],
[
"pull",
"pull"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Nautical"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1950 July, J. C. Mertens, “By the \"Taurus Express\" to Baghdad”, in Railway Magazine, page 435:",
"text": "Shipping of every sort, from passenger liners to ferry steamers, tramps to tugs and trailing barges, feluccas to speedboats and yachts, from warships to caiques, chugs, hoots, glides or churns its way in all directions.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A tugboat."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A tugboat."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1910, Rudyard Kipling, Simple Simon:",
"text": "Cattiwi came down the steep lane with his five-horse timber-tug",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"links": [
[
"timber",
"timber"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A kind of vehicle used for conveying timber and heavy articles."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A trace, or drawing strap, of a harness."
],
"links": [
[
"trace",
"trace"
],
[
"harness",
"harness"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A dog toy consisting of a rope, often with a knot in it."
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"toy",
"toy"
],
[
"rope",
"rope"
],
[
"knot",
"knot"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Mining"
],
"glosses": [
"An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"iron",
"iron"
],
[
"hook",
"hook"
],
[
"hoist",
"hoist"
],
[
"tub",
"tub"
],
[
"tackle",
"tackle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining) An iron hook of a hoisting tub, to which a tackle is affixed."
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English slang",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He had a quick tug to calm himself down before his date.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An act of male masturbation."
],
"links": [
[
"masturbation",
"masturbation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) An act of male masturbation."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäys"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "nykäisy"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"word": "tirement"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Ruck"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strattone"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khec",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खेच"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryvók",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рыво́к"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jalón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "halón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "sudden pull",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "jalada"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"word": "purunaru"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "dog toy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tug"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dog toy",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szarpak"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ",
"Rhymes:English/ʌɡ/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Related to toga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tug (plural tugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"A foundationer or colleger at Eton."
],
"links": [
[
"foundationer",
"foundationer"
],
[
"colleger",
"colleger"
],
[
"Eton",
"Eton"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, slang) A foundationer or colleger at Eton."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tŭg"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʌɡ/"
},
{
"audio": "En-au-tug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg/En-au-tug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/En-au-tug.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌɡ"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ibg",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "tug",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ibanag",
"lang_code": "ibg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ibanag entries with incorrect language header",
"Ibanag lemmas",
"Ibanag nouns",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ibg:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"knee"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"knee",
"knee"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) knee"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic non-lemma forms",
"Icelandic noun forms",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "tug",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tugur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tugur:",
"indefinite accusative singular"
],
"links": [
[
"tugur",
"tugur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tugur"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of tugur:",
"indefinite dative singular"
],
"links": [
[
"tugur",
"tugur#Icelandic"
]
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"form-of",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "tug",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
"Scottish Gaelic irregular verbs",
"Scottish Gaelic non-lemma forms",
"Scottish Gaelic verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "thoir"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past of thoir"
],
"links": [
[
"thoir",
"thoir#Scottish_Gaelic"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mww",
"2": "classifier"
},
"expansion": "tug",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "White Hmong",
"lang_code": "mww",
"pos": "classifier",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(“classifier for long objects (such as rods or sticks) and animals or beings”)",
"word": "tus"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"White Hmong classifiers",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of tus (“classifier for long objects (such as rods or sticks) and animals or beings”)"
],
"links": [
[
"tus",
"tus#White_Hmong"
],
[
"classifier",
"classifier"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"objects",
"objects"
],
[
"rods",
"rods"
],
[
"sticks",
"sticks"
],
[
"animals",
"animals"
],
[
"beings",
"beings"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tu˧˩̤/"
}
],
"word": "tug"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tug meaning in All languages combined (23.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (db0bec0 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.