See tawny in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawniest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "tawny (comparative tawnier, superlative tawniest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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{
"_dis": "61 22 17",
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{
"_dis": "56 27 18",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "52 29 19",
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{
"_dis": "74 14 12",
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{
"_dis": "54 27 19",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 29 21",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 6 8 5 18 13 6 1 19 1 6 6",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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{
"_dis": "50 29 21",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 29 21",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 24 16",
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{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "43 33 24",
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"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
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"name": "Terms with Xhosa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tawnily"
},
{
"word": "tawniness"
},
{
"word": "tawny-breasted tinamou"
},
{
"word": "tawny coster"
},
{
"word": "tawny eagle"
},
{
"word": "tawny frogmouth"
},
{
"word": "tawny owl"
},
{
"word": "tawny pipit"
},
{
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1577, Raphaell Holinshed, “King Henrie the Fifth”, in The Laste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume II, London: […] for Iohn Hunne, →OCLC, page 1077, column 2:",
"text": "And if any of your nation attempte once to ſtoppe me in my iorney now towards Calais, […] I in my defence ſhall colour and make red your tawny ground with the effuſion of chriſtian bloud: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "The VVooſell cock, ſo blacke of hevve, / VVith Orange tavvny bill, / The Throſtle, vvith his note ſo true, / The VVren, vvith little quill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act III, scene iv:",
"text": "Come, vve muſt haue you turne Fiddler againe, ſlaue, 'get a Baſe Violin at your backe, and march in a Tavvnie Coate, vvith one ſleeue, to Gooſe-faire, and then you'll knovve vs; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1725, [Daniel Defoe], “Part I”, in A New Voyage Round the World, by a Course Never Sailed before. […], London: […] A[rthur] Bettesworth, […]; and W. Mears, […], →OCLC, page 155:",
"text": "To the Queen he gave […] a ſmall Box full of large Needles; then he gave her ſome courſe brovvn Thread, and ſhovv'd her hovv to thred the Needle and ſovv any Thing together vvith the Thread; all vvhich ſhe admired exceedingly, and call'd her Tavvny Maids of Honour about her, that they might learn alſo.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, Homer, “[The Iliad.] Book XI.”, in W[illiam] Cowper, transl., The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 289, lines 661–662:",
"text": "[T]he vvatch-dogs and aſſembled ſvvains / Have driv'n a tavvny lion from the ſtalls, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, “Will be Seen in the Long Run, if Not in the Short One, to Concern Mr. Pinch and Others, Nearly. […]”, in The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC, pages 150–151:",
"text": "[T]he head waiter inquired with respectful solicitude whether that port, being a light and tawny wine, was suited to his taste, or whether he would wish to try a fruity port with greater body.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “In the Wood”, in Adam Bede […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book first, page 240:",
"text": "[P]erhaps they metamorphose themselves into a tawny squirrel that scampers away and mocks you from the topmost bough.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “The Shipwreck”, in [Sophia Thoreau; William Ellery Channing], editors, Cape Cod, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "There were the tawny rocks, like lions couchant, defying the ocean, whose waves incessantly dashed against and scoured them with vast quantities of gravel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1906 August, Alfred Noyes, “The Highwayman”, in Poems, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 2, stanza I, pages 48–49:",
"text": "He did not come in the dawning; he did not come at noon; / And out o' the tawny sunset, before the rise o' the moon, / When the road was a gypsy's ribbon, looping the purple moor, / A red-coat troop came marching— / Marching—marching— / King George's men came marching, up to the old inn-door.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, “Wayfarers All”, in The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 196:",
"text": "They fell a-twittering among themselves once more, and this time their intoxicating babble was of violet seas, tawny sands, and lizard-haunted walls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1982 March, Frank Maudsley, Paul Reynolds, Ali Score, Mike Score (lyrics and music), “I Ran (So Far Away)”, in A Flock of Seagulls, performed by A Flock of Seagulls:",
"text": "I never thought I'd meet a girl like you / With auburn hair and tawny eyes",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves, “Romano-British Rulers”, in The Kings & Queens of Britain, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 13:",
"text": "Dio Cassius, writing more than one hundred years after the event, described Boudicca as 'very tall, in appearance most terrifying … the glance of her eye most fierce, her voice harsh … a great mass of the tawniest hair fell to her hips'.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Roger Tory Peterson, Michael DiGiorgio, Paul Lehman, Peter Pyle, Larry Rosche, “Owls and Nightjars”, in Peterson Field Guide to Birds of North America (Peterson Field Guides), 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 230:",
"text": "ANTILLEAN NIGHTHAWK Chordeiles gundlachii […] Somewhat tawnier and smaller than Common Nighthawk, but readily distinguished from it only by call.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-adj-Pw92X~FI",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "tan"
},
{
"word": "tawn"
},
{
"word": "fulvescent"
},
{
"word": "rufofulvous"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fulvid"
},
{
"word": "fulvous"
},
{
"word": "olivaster"
},
{
"word": "subfuscous"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "swartish"
},
{
"word": "swarty"
},
{
"word": "brownish"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawney"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔādam",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "آدَم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔamḡar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَمْغَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašqar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "أَشْقَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašhal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْهَل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "of eyes, Salukis",
"roman": "ʔašʕal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْعَل"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "šēk",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "շէկ"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "tʻux",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "թուխ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svetlokafjav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлокафяв"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falb"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lleonat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyldenbrun"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tanig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kõrb"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "cerviño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rubio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gelbbraun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lohfarben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "daphoinós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "δᾰφοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kirrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κῐρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knēkós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κνηκός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "purrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "πῠρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xanthós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ξᾰνθός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piṅg",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare"
],
"word": "पिंग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falva"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "donn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "focato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lionato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ocra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "aurantius"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "cervīnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "fulvēscēns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svetlokáfeav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлока́феав"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "għasli"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ouyr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "peapeau"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šarga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "шарга"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gandomgūn",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "گندمگون"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rusy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "śniady"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "płowy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryževáto-koríčnevyj",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "рыжева́то-кори́чневый"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "russjkat"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "babhru",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "हरि"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piñjara",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिञ्जर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śāva",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "शाव"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "beige"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "pardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyllenbrun"
},
{
"code": "shy",
"lang": "Tachawit",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "awres"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "హరి"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapilamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కపిలము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "piṅgaḷamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "పింగళము"
},
{
"alt": "𪑑",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ngăm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "llwydfelyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "melynllwyd"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "tawnied"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "tawnying"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tawny (third-person singular simple present tawnies, present participle tawnying, simple past and past participle tawnied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, Nicholas Breton, The Mothers Blessing, London: […] T[homas] C[reede] for Iohn Smethick, […], →OCLC, signature [D4], recto:",
"text": "So many friends, their friendſhips daily breake, / That fevve are faithfull, if that fevve be any: / The Sunne ſo ſoone, the painted face vvill tavvny.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1613, Thomas Heywood, The Brazen Age, […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, […], →OCLC, Act II, signature I2, verso:",
"text": "He [Vulcan] ſmels all ſmoake, and vvith his naſty ſvveate / Tavvnies my skinne, out on him vgly knaue, / Mars is my loue, and he my ſvveets ſhall haue.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1632, Fra[ncis] Quarles, “On Gods Image”, in Divine Fancies: Digested into Epigrammes, Meditations, and Observations, London: […] Iohn Marriot, […], →OCLC, book III, page 148:",
"text": "Alas 'tis faded, ſoyl'd vvith the ſmoke of Luſt; / So ſvvarthy as if that glorious face of thine / VVere tavvnyed underneath the torrid Line: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Nathan Englander, “2014, Limbo”, in Dinner at the Centre of the Earth, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, →ISBN:",
"text": "The General stares into the sandstorm churned up by all that movement. Like a curtain draped across the world, tawnying the October sky.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-verb-x3IcfEPC",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"tan",
"tan#Verb"
],
[
"tawn",
"tawn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, chapter XI, in The Abduction; or, The Adventures of Major Sarney: A Story of the Times of Charles the Second. […], volume II, London: […] [William Clowes] for Charles Knight, […], →OCLC, page 249:",
"text": "The countenance alone bespoke the years and the cares of John M‘Whirter. The deep wrinkled brow—the cheek plaited, and tawnied in the sun and the frosts of the north— […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Meridel Le Sueur, “Gone Home”, in Elaine Hedges, editor, Ripening: Selected Work, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, →ISBN, page 215:",
"text": "In his drowse it all turned gleaming and mixing in him, his whole life, like the river gleaming taut between the trees. And everything that had ever happened to him tawnied over by the voluptuous light of the last fall, and his mouth watered for it all.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 7th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part 5 (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 318:",
"text": "[C]olheita is actually a tawny Port from a single vintage. In other words, it has aged (and softened and tawnied) in wood for many years.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-verb-1dbY5EvI",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "clothes made of tawny-coloured fabric",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawnies"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tani, tanni, tannie, taune, taunei",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "xno",
"3": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tawné",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tauni, tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”), from tané (verb): see further at etymology 1.\nSense 2.1 (“Eurasian bullfinch”) is due to the brown colour of the female.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "+",
"3": "tawnys"
},
"expansion": "tawny (countable and uncountable, plural tawnies or tawnys)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
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"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
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"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawny:"
},
{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book VIII.] Divers Kinds of Wooll and Clothes.”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 1st tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 227:",
"text": "Neere to Canuſia, the ſheepe be deepe yellovv or tavvnie; and about Tarentum, they are of a brovvne and duſkiſh colour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase upon the Song of Solomon. Canto I.”, in The Poetical Works of George Sandys. […], volume II, London: John Russell Smith, […], published 1872, →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "Despise not my discolour'd look: / This tawny from the sun I took.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1705, “Part I. Of Silk Dying.”, in [anonymous], transl., The Whole Art of Dying. […], London: […] William Pearson, and sold by J[ohn] Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "From the follovving Dye are Compoſed the beſt Tavvnies, Grey and Crimſon Goat Colours. […] The Silk muſt be put in vvhen the Suds are cold, for the colder the Suds, the blevver the Violet Colour, vvhich muſt alvvays be blevver than the Tavvnies.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Tho[mas] Page, Junior, “The Materials of Painting, Describing the Chief Colours to be Used; […]”, in The Art of Painting in Its Rudiment, Progress, and Perfection: […], Norwich, Norfolk: […] , […], →OCLC, pages 48–49:",
"text": "And thus by varying the Colours you ſhall produce all ſorts of mixtures: So black and vvhite variouſly mixed make a vaſt Company of deep and light Greys, Bleus and Yellovvs, many Greens; Red and Yellovv Orange Tavvnies, […] the more the Red the deeper the Orange Tavvnies, and ſo forth; and thus muſt they in your VVork be ſhaded and heightened vvith Colours of their ovvn Affinity: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, “In which Mr. Osborne Takes Down the Family Bible”, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 200:",
"text": "'Gad, if Miss S. will have me, I'm her man. I ain't particular about a shade or so of tawny.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-Fkn9HLKW",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
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"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic tinctures",
"orig": "en:Heraldic tinctures",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Heraldry",
"Light",
"Vision",
"History",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
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"Body",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "15 11 12 9 9 2 10 8 3 1 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
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"Vision",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Gerard Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh], The Accedence of Armorie, London: […] Henrie Ballard […], →OCLC, folio 116, verso:",
"text": "[T]he Herehaught [herald] muſt have a ſinguler reſpect to the face of him that ſhould haue the Armes, vvhere he ſhal vvel perceiue in vvhat ſeaſõ of the yere, his ovvn complexion vvill ſerue him to do beſt ſeruice in: […] If in Somer, either a Hound or Salamandra, or ſome part of them, of the colour Bruske, vvhich is betvveene Geules and tavvney.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1632, John Guillim, “Sect[ion] I. Chap[ter] III.”, in A Display of Heraldrie: […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Badger for Ralph Mab, →OCLC, page 21:",
"text": "Tavvny (ſaith Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh]) is a Colour of vvorſhip, and of ſome Heralds it is called Bruske, and is moſt commonly borne of French Gentlemen, but very fevv doe beare it in England. In Blazon it is knovvne by the name of Tenne. It is (ſaith he) the ſureſt colour that is (of ſo bright a hevv being compounded) for it is made of tvvo bright Colours, vvhich are Red and Yellovv: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1765, Mark Anthony Porny [pseudonym; Antoine Pyron du Martre], “Of the Essential and Integral Parts of Arms. Article II. Of the Tinctures.”, in The Elements of Heraldry, […], London: […] J[ohn] Newbery, […], →OCLC, section I (Of Colours), page 17:",
"text": "Tenne, vvhich is the tavvny or Orange colour, is marked by diagonal lines dravvn from the Siniſter to the Dexter ſide of the Shield, traverſed by perpendicular lines from the Chief; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859 April, J[ames] R[obinson] Planché, “Appendix”, in The Pursuivant of Arms; or, Heraldry Founded upon Facts. […], new edition, London: Robert Hardwicke, […], →OCLC, page 209:",
"text": "Some heraldic writers extend the number of tinctures to seven, by the addition of sanguine or murrey, dark blood or mulberry-colour, and tenné, tawny, or orange-colour; while others who admit them into the catalogue declare them, at the same time, to be stainant, or disgraceful; but, as I have stated in my notice of Abatements (p. 171), it is very improbable any one would bear arms so degraded; and the strongest proof that no such opinion with respect to these two colours existed in the days of chivalry is, that the livery colours of the house of York were murrey and blue, and that tawny was apparently much affected by the retainers of the nobility and Church dignitaries.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "dragon's head"
}
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-0FsoQDIs",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné#English"
],
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
],
[
"used",
"used#Adjective"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture#Noun"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"(specifically, heraldry) Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "tenné"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
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{
"ref": "1629, John Parkinson, “Caryophyllus hortensus. Carnations and Gilloflowers.”, in Paradisi in Sole Paradisus Terrestris. […], London: […] Hvmfrey Lownes and Robert Yovng […], →OCLC, pages 311–312:",
"text": "Iohn VVittie his great tavvny Gilloflovver is for forme of grovving, in leafe and flovver altogether like vnto the ordinary tavvny, the flovver onely, becauſe it is the faireſt and greateſt that any other hath nourſed vp, maketh the difference, as alſo that it is of a faire deepe ſcarlet colour. There are alſo diuers other Tavvnies, either lighter or ſadder, either leſſe or more double, that they cannot be numbered, and all riſing (as I ſaid before) from ſovving the ſeede of ſome of them: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895, Aubyn Trevor-Battye, “March. Our Birds of Prey.”, in Oswald Crawfurd, editor, A Year of Sport and Natural History: Shooting, Hunting, Coursing, Falconry and Fishing […], London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, section I (The Owls), page 67:",
"text": "The Tawny Owl may easily be induced, under favourable conditions, to take up its quarters near the houses of men. The writer is familiar with a pair of Tawnies which have nested for many years in one of several covered-in boxes fitted up in the trees that overhang the shrubberies in the grounds. […] There are other Tawnies in the woods and parks about, but this pair are the lords of their own district, for like all birds of prey they require a large area for their hunt for food.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name)."
],
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{
"ref": "[1847, James Orchard Halliwell, “TAWNY”, in A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century. […], volumes II (J–Z), London: John Russell Smith, […], →OCLC, page 854, column 1:",
"text": "TAWNY. A bullfinch. Somerset.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-K0gooxHm",
"links": [
[
"common bullfinch",
"common bullfinch"
],
[
"Eurasian bullfinch",
"Eurasian bullfinch"
],
[
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula",
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Somerset",
"raw_glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"(Somerset) The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "en:Alcoholic beverages",
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"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
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"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
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{
"ref": "2006, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 4th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part V (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 297:",
"text": "Tawny is the most versatile Port style. The best tawnies are good-quality wines that have faded to a pale garnet or brownish red color during long wood aging. […] We consider 10- and 20-year-old tawnies the best buys; the older ones aren't always worth the extra bucks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lettie Teague, “Portugal”, in Educating Peter: How I Taught a Famous Movie Critic the Difference between Cabernet and Merlot or How Anyone Can Become an (Almost) Instant Wine Expert, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 110:",
"text": "A ten-year-old tawny is a good place to start with a tawny port novice, who might otherwise be put off by the oxidized flavors (i.e., more wood and earth notes than fruit) that come with a very old tawny.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-1F30Gtco",
"links": [
[
"alcoholic",
"alcoholic#Adjective"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet#Adjective"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified#Adjective"
],
[
"port wine",
"port wine"
],
[
"blended",
"blend#Verb"
],
[
"matured",
"mature#Verb"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"casks",
"cask#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "alcoholic beverages",
"raw_glosses": [
"(alcoholic beverages) In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
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{
"_dis1": "0 1 1 7 81 1 0 10 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks",
"word": "tawny port"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
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{
"ref": "1553, “The Seconde Chapitre. An Acte for the True Making of Woullen Clothes.”, in Anno III. & IIII. Edwardi Sexti. Actes Made in the Session of This Present Parlament, Holden vpon Prorogation at Westminster, the. IIII Daie of Nouembre, in the Third Yere of the Reigne of Our Most Dread Souuereine Lord Edward the. VI […], London: […] Rychard Grafton, printer to the Kinges Maiestie, →OCLC, folio iiij, recto:",
"text": "[N]o perſone, or perſones, occupiyng the ſeate of diẽg, ſhal die, or altre into colours, or cauſe to be died, or altred into colours, any wollen clothes, as broune blewes, pieukes, tawnies, or violettes, except the ſame wollẽ clothes be perfeictly boiled, greined or madered vpon the woade, & ſhot with good, and ſufficient corke, or orchal after a due, ſubſtancial, & ſufficient maner of workemanſhip, according to thauncient workmanſhip in time paſt vſed, vpõ peine for euery defalt to forfeite .xx. s̃.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1566 August 18 (Gregorian calendar), Arthur Edwards, Richard Hakluyt, The Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries of the English Nation, […], London: […] George Bishop and Ralph Newberie, deputies to Christopher Barker, […], published 1589, →OCLC, page 380:",
"text": "You ſhall doe well to ſend ſuch ſorts [of clothes] as be liuely to the ſight, and ſome blackes for womens garments, with ſome Orenge colours and tawneis.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-LPltFJx~",
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
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"(obsolete)",
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"tags": [
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"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
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{
"ref": "1692 (indicated as 1693), Cotton Mather, The Wonders of the Invisible World. Observations as well Historical as Theological, upon the Nature, the Number, and the Operations of the Devils. […], Boston, Mass.: […] Benjamin Harris, →OCLC, page 42:",
"text": "The Tavvnies among vvhom vve came, have VVatered our Soyl, vvith the Blood, of many Hundred of our Inhabitants.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1696, [Jacques-Joseph] Le Maire, A Voyage of the Sieur Le Maire to the Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal and Gamby, under Monsieur Dancourt, Director-General of the Royal African Company. […], London: […] F. Mills and W. Turner, […], →OCLC, page 47:",
"text": "Senegal ſeparates the Azoaghes, Moors or Tavvnies, from the real Blacks; ſo that on one ſide of the River are the Moors of a Tavvny Complexion, and the other is Inhabited by People that are perfectly Black.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Voltaire [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet], “History of the Old Woman”, in [anonymous], transl., Candid: Or, All for the Best. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Nourse […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Upon our arrival at Morocco, vve found the vvhole kingdom a ſcene of blood and confuſion. Fifty ſons of the emperor Muley-Iſhmael had each their adherents: this produced fifty civil vvars of blacks againſt blacks, of tavvnies againſt tavvnies, and of mulattoes againſt mulattoes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-MW2d0ueG",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "probably derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"(probably derogatory) A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
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"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 4 1 24 17 2 1 37 3 2 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "en:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tawny frogmouth."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-3ZWKE8QH",
"links": [
[
"Tawny frogmouth",
"tawny frogmouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tawny owl."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-2cFlGhw2",
"links": [
[
"Tawny owl",
"tawny owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "oranjebruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣuḥra",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"Classical",
"feminine"
],
"word": "صُحْرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cháhèsè, cháhésè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黃褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huánghèsè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黄褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědá"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "soga"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crón"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tenné"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"alt": "ちゃかっしょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chakasshoku",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"alt": "茶褐色",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dagalsaek",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "다갈색"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lignicolor"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "aruṇa",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kadru",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "león"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pardo león"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kapilam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "கபிலம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "picaṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிசங்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkalam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கலம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaḍāramu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కడారము"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāṣāyamu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కాషాయము"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "taan"
},
{
"_dis1": "36 36 8 8 0 10 2 0 0",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "úbumpôfu"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 18 23 23 0 16 3 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something of a light brown or brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Old Armenian translations",
"Terms with Old Irish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tachawit translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with Xhosa translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tawnily"
},
{
"word": "tawniness"
},
{
"word": "tawny-breasted tinamou"
},
{
"word": "tawny coster"
},
{
"word": "tawny eagle"
},
{
"word": "tawny frogmouth"
},
{
"word": "tawny owl"
},
{
"word": "tawny pipit"
},
{
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawniest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "tawny (comparative tawnier, superlative tawniest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "tan"
},
{
"word": "tawn"
},
{
"word": "fulvescent"
},
{
"word": "rufofulvous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1577, Raphaell Holinshed, “King Henrie the Fifth”, in The Laste Volume of the Chronicles of England, Scotlande, and Irelande […], volume II, London: […] for Iohn Hunne, →OCLC, page 1077, column 2:",
"text": "And if any of your nation attempte once to ſtoppe me in my iorney now towards Calais, […] I in my defence ſhall colour and make red your tawny ground with the effuſion of chriſtian bloud: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, A Midsommer Nights Dreame. […] (First Quarto), London: […] [Richard Bradock] for Thomas Fisher, […], published 1600, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:",
"text": "The VVooſell cock, ſo blacke of hevve, / VVith Orange tavvny bill, / The Throſtle, vvith his note ſo true, / The VVren, vvith little quill.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1601, Ben Jonson, Poetaster or The Arraignment: […], London: […] [R. Bradock] for M[atthew] L[ownes] […], published 1602, →OCLC, Act III, scene iv:",
"text": "Come, vve muſt haue you turne Fiddler againe, ſlaue, 'get a Baſe Violin at your backe, and march in a Tavvnie Coate, vvith one ſleeue, to Gooſe-faire, and then you'll knovve vs; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1725, [Daniel Defoe], “Part I”, in A New Voyage Round the World, by a Course Never Sailed before. […], London: […] A[rthur] Bettesworth, […]; and W. Mears, […], →OCLC, page 155:",
"text": "To the Queen he gave […] a ſmall Box full of large Needles; then he gave her ſome courſe brovvn Thread, and ſhovv'd her hovv to thred the Needle and ſovv any Thing together vvith the Thread; all vvhich ſhe admired exceedingly, and call'd her Tavvny Maids of Honour about her, that they might learn alſo.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1791, Homer, “[The Iliad.] Book XI.”, in W[illiam] Cowper, transl., The Iliad and Odyssey of Homer, Translated into Blank Verse, […], volume I, London: […] J[oseph] Johnson, […], →OCLC, page 289, lines 661–662:",
"text": "[T]he vvatch-dogs and aſſembled ſvvains / Have driv'n a tavvny lion from the ſtalls, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1842 December – 1844 July, Charles Dickens, “Will be Seen in the Long Run, if Not in the Short One, to Concern Mr. Pinch and Others, Nearly. […]”, in The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1844, →OCLC, pages 150–151:",
"text": "[T]he head waiter inquired with respectful solicitude whether that port, being a light and tawny wine, was suited to his taste, or whether he would wish to try a fruity port with greater body.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “In the Wood”, in Adam Bede […], volume I, Edinburgh; London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book first, page 240:",
"text": "[P]erhaps they metamorphose themselves into a tawny squirrel that scampers away and mocks you from the topmost bough.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1865, Henry D[avid] Thoreau, “The Shipwreck”, in [Sophia Thoreau; William Ellery Channing], editors, Cape Cod, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "There were the tawny rocks, like lions couchant, defying the ocean, whose waves incessantly dashed against and scoured them with vast quantities of gravel.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1906 August, Alfred Noyes, “The Highwayman”, in Poems, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 2, stanza I, pages 48–49:",
"text": "He did not come in the dawning; he did not come at noon; / And out o' the tawny sunset, before the rise o' the moon, / When the road was a gypsy's ribbon, looping the purple moor, / A red-coat troop came marching— / Marching—marching— / King George's men came marching, up to the old inn-door.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, “Wayfarers All”, in The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 196:",
"text": "They fell a-twittering among themselves once more, and this time their intoxicating babble was of violet seas, tawny sands, and lizard-haunted walls.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1982 March, Frank Maudsley, Paul Reynolds, Ali Score, Mike Score (lyrics and music), “I Ran (So Far Away)”, in A Flock of Seagulls, performed by A Flock of Seagulls:",
"text": "I never thought I'd meet a girl like you / With auburn hair and tawny eyes",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2001, John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves, “Romano-British Rulers”, in The Kings & Queens of Britain, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 13:",
"text": "Dio Cassius, writing more than one hundred years after the event, described Boudicca as 'very tall, in appearance most terrifying … the glance of her eye most fierce, her voice harsh … a great mass of the tawniest hair fell to her hips'.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Roger Tory Peterson, Michael DiGiorgio, Paul Lehman, Peter Pyle, Larry Rosche, “Owls and Nightjars”, in Peterson Field Guide to Birds of North America (Peterson Field Guides), 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 230:",
"text": "ANTILLEAN NIGHTHAWK Chordeiles gundlachii […] Somewhat tawnier and smaller than Common Nighthawk, but readily distinguished from it only by call.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fulvid"
},
{
"word": "fulvous"
},
{
"word": "olivaster"
},
{
"word": "subfuscous"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "swartish"
},
{
"word": "swarty"
},
{
"word": "brownish"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawney"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔādam",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "آدَم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔamḡar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَمْغَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašqar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "أَشْقَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašhal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْهَل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "of eyes, Salukis",
"roman": "ʔašʕal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْعَل"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "šēk",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "շէկ"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "tʻux",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "թուխ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svetlokafjav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлокафяв"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falb"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lleonat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyldenbrun"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tanig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kõrb"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "cerviño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rubio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gelbbraun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lohfarben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "daphoinós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "δᾰφοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kirrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κῐρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knēkós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κνηκός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "purrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "πῠρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xanthós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ξᾰνθός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piṅg",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare"
],
"word": "पिंग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falva"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "donn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "focato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lionato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ocra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "aurantius"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "cervīnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "fulvēscēns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svetlokáfeav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлока́феав"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "għasli"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ouyr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "peapeau"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šarga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "шарга"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gandomgūn",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "گندمگون"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rusy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "śniady"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "płowy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryževáto-koríčnevyj",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "рыжева́то-кори́чневый"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "russjkat"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "babhru",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "हरि"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piñjara",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिञ्जर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śāva",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "शाव"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "beige"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "pardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyllenbrun"
},
{
"code": "shy",
"lang": "Tachawit",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "awres"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "హరి"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapilamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కపిలము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "piṅgaḷamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "పింగళము"
},
{
"alt": "𪑑",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ngăm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "llwydfelyn"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "melynllwyd"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Old Armenian translations",
"Terms with Old Irish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tachawit translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with Xhosa translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "tawnied"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "tawnying"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tawny (third-person singular simple present tawnies, present participle tawnying, simple past and past participle tawnied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1602, Nicholas Breton, The Mothers Blessing, London: […] T[homas] C[reede] for Iohn Smethick, […], →OCLC, signature [D4], recto:",
"text": "So many friends, their friendſhips daily breake, / That fevve are faithfull, if that fevve be any: / The Sunne ſo ſoone, the painted face vvill tavvny.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1613, Thomas Heywood, The Brazen Age, […], London: […] Nicholas Okes, […], →OCLC, Act II, signature I2, verso:",
"text": "He [Vulcan] ſmels all ſmoake, and vvith his naſty ſvveate / Tavvnies my skinne, out on him vgly knaue, / Mars is my loue, and he my ſvveets ſhall haue.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1632, Fra[ncis] Quarles, “On Gods Image”, in Divine Fancies: Digested into Epigrammes, Meditations, and Observations, London: […] Iohn Marriot, […], →OCLC, book III, page 148:",
"text": "Alas 'tis faded, ſoyl'd vvith the ſmoke of Luſt; / So ſvvarthy as if that glorious face of thine / VVere tavvnyed underneath the torrid Line: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2017, Nathan Englander, “2014, Limbo”, in Dinner at the Centre of the Earth, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, →ISBN:",
"text": "The General stares into the sandstorm churned up by all that movement. Like a curtain draped across the world, tawnying the October sky.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"tan",
"tan#Verb"
],
[
"tawn",
"tawn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, chapter XI, in The Abduction; or, The Adventures of Major Sarney: A Story of the Times of Charles the Second. […], volume II, London: […] [William Clowes] for Charles Knight, […], →OCLC, page 249:",
"text": "The countenance alone bespoke the years and the cares of John M‘Whirter. The deep wrinkled brow—the cheek plaited, and tawnied in the sun and the frosts of the north— […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Meridel Le Sueur, “Gone Home”, in Elaine Hedges, editor, Ripening: Selected Work, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, →ISBN, page 215:",
"text": "In his drowse it all turned gleaming and mixing in him, his whole life, like the river gleaming taut between the trees. And everything that had ever happened to him tawnied over by the voluptuous light of the last fall, and his mouth watered for it all.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 7th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part 5 (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 318:",
"text": "[C]olheita is actually a tawny Port from a single vintage. In other words, it has aged (and softened and tawnied) in wood for many years.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"Terms with Zulu translations",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "clothes made of tawny-coloured fabric",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawnies"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tani, tanni, tannie, taune, taunei",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tawné",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tauni, tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”), from tané (verb): see further at etymology 1.\nSense 2.1 (“Eurasian bullfinch”) is due to the brown colour of the female.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "+",
"3": "tawnys"
},
"expansion": "tawny (countable and uncountable, plural tawnies or tawnys)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawny:"
},
{
"ref": "1601, C[aius] Plinius Secundus [i.e., Pliny the Elder], “[Book VIII.] Divers Kinds of Wooll and Clothes.”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Historie of the World. Commonly Called, The Naturall Historie of C. Plinius Secundus. […], 1st tome, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, page 227:",
"text": "Neere to Canuſia, the ſheepe be deepe yellovv or tavvnie; and about Tarentum, they are of a brovvne and duſkiſh colour.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1641, George Sandys, “A Paraphrase upon the Song of Solomon. Canto I.”, in The Poetical Works of George Sandys. […], volume II, London: John Russell Smith, […], published 1872, →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "Despise not my discolour'd look: / This tawny from the sun I took.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1705, “Part I. Of Silk Dying.”, in [anonymous], transl., The Whole Art of Dying. […], London: […] William Pearson, and sold by J[ohn] Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 14:",
"text": "From the follovving Dye are Compoſed the beſt Tavvnies, Grey and Crimſon Goat Colours. […] The Silk muſt be put in vvhen the Suds are cold, for the colder the Suds, the blevver the Violet Colour, vvhich muſt alvvays be blevver than the Tavvnies.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Tho[mas] Page, Junior, “The Materials of Painting, Describing the Chief Colours to be Used; […]”, in The Art of Painting in Its Rudiment, Progress, and Perfection: […], Norwich, Norfolk: […] , […], →OCLC, pages 48–49:",
"text": "And thus by varying the Colours you ſhall produce all ſorts of mixtures: So black and vvhite variouſly mixed make a vaſt Company of deep and light Greys, Bleus and Yellovvs, many Greens; Red and Yellovv Orange Tavvnies, […] the more the Red the deeper the Orange Tavvnies, and ſo forth; and thus muſt they in your VVork be ſhaded and heightened vvith Colours of their ovvn Affinity: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, “In which Mr. Osborne Takes Down the Family Bible”, in Vanity Fair […], London: Bradbury and Evans […], published 1848, →OCLC, page 200:",
"text": "'Gad, if Miss S. will have me, I'm her man. I ain't particular about a shade or so of tawny.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Heraldic tinctures"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Gerard Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh], The Accedence of Armorie, London: […] Henrie Ballard […], →OCLC, folio 116, verso:",
"text": "[T]he Herehaught [herald] muſt have a ſinguler reſpect to the face of him that ſhould haue the Armes, vvhere he ſhal vvel perceiue in vvhat ſeaſõ of the yere, his ovvn complexion vvill ſerue him to do beſt ſeruice in: […] If in Somer, either a Hound or Salamandra, or ſome part of them, of the colour Bruske, vvhich is betvveene Geules and tavvney.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1632, John Guillim, “Sect[ion] I. Chap[ter] III.”, in A Display of Heraldrie: […], 2nd edition, London: […] Richard Badger for Ralph Mab, →OCLC, page 21:",
"text": "Tavvny (ſaith Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh]) is a Colour of vvorſhip, and of ſome Heralds it is called Bruske, and is moſt commonly borne of French Gentlemen, but very fevv doe beare it in England. In Blazon it is knovvne by the name of Tenne. It is (ſaith he) the ſureſt colour that is (of ſo bright a hevv being compounded) for it is made of tvvo bright Colours, vvhich are Red and Yellovv: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1765, Mark Anthony Porny [pseudonym; Antoine Pyron du Martre], “Of the Essential and Integral Parts of Arms. Article II. Of the Tinctures.”, in The Elements of Heraldry, […], London: […] J[ohn] Newbery, […], →OCLC, section I (Of Colours), page 17:",
"text": "Tenne, vvhich is the tavvny or Orange colour, is marked by diagonal lines dravvn from the Siniſter to the Dexter ſide of the Shield, traverſed by perpendicular lines from the Chief; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1859 April, J[ames] R[obinson] Planché, “Appendix”, in The Pursuivant of Arms; or, Heraldry Founded upon Facts. […], new edition, London: Robert Hardwicke, […], →OCLC, page 209:",
"text": "Some heraldic writers extend the number of tinctures to seven, by the addition of sanguine or murrey, dark blood or mulberry-colour, and tenné, tawny, or orange-colour; while others who admit them into the catalogue declare them, at the same time, to be stainant, or disgraceful; but, as I have stated in my notice of Abatements (p. 171), it is very improbable any one would bear arms so degraded; and the strongest proof that no such opinion with respect to these two colours existed in the days of chivalry is, that the livery colours of the house of York were murrey and blue, and that tawny was apparently much affected by the retainers of the nobility and Church dignitaries.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "dragon's head"
}
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné#English"
],
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
],
[
"used",
"used#Adjective"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture#Noun"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"(specifically, heraldry) Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "tenné"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1629, John Parkinson, “Caryophyllus hortensus. Carnations and Gilloflowers.”, in Paradisi in Sole Paradisus Terrestris. […], London: […] Hvmfrey Lownes and Robert Yovng […], →OCLC, pages 311–312:",
"text": "Iohn VVittie his great tavvny Gilloflovver is for forme of grovving, in leafe and flovver altogether like vnto the ordinary tavvny, the flovver onely, becauſe it is the faireſt and greateſt that any other hath nourſed vp, maketh the difference, as alſo that it is of a faire deepe ſcarlet colour. There are alſo diuers other Tavvnies, either lighter or ſadder, either leſſe or more double, that they cannot be numbered, and all riſing (as I ſaid before) from ſovving the ſeede of ſome of them: […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1895, Aubyn Trevor-Battye, “March. Our Birds of Prey.”, in Oswald Crawfurd, editor, A Year of Sport and Natural History: Shooting, Hunting, Coursing, Falconry and Fishing […], London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, section I (The Owls), page 67:",
"text": "The Tawny Owl may easily be induced, under favourable conditions, to take up its quarters near the houses of men. The writer is familiar with a pair of Tawnies which have nested for many years in one of several covered-in boxes fitted up in the trees that overhang the shrubberies in the grounds. […] There are other Tawnies in the woods and parks about, but this pair are the lords of their own district, for like all birds of prey they require a large area for their hunt for food.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Somerset English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1847, James Orchard Halliwell, “TAWNY”, in A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century. […], volumes II (J–Z), London: John Russell Smith, […], →OCLC, page 854, column 1:",
"text": "TAWNY. A bullfinch. Somerset.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"links": [
[
"common bullfinch",
"common bullfinch"
],
[
"Eurasian bullfinch",
"Eurasian bullfinch"
],
[
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula",
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Somerset",
"raw_glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"(Somerset) The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Alcoholic beverages"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 4th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, part V (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 297:",
"text": "Tawny is the most versatile Port style. The best tawnies are good-quality wines that have faded to a pale garnet or brownish red color during long wood aging. […] We consider 10- and 20-year-old tawnies the best buys; the older ones aren't always worth the extra bucks.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lettie Teague, “Portugal”, in Educating Peter: How I Taught a Famous Movie Critic the Difference between Cabernet and Merlot or How Anyone Can Become an (Almost) Instant Wine Expert, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 110:",
"text": "A ten-year-old tawny is a good place to start with a tawny port novice, who might otherwise be put off by the oxidized flavors (i.e., more wood and earth notes than fruit) that come with a very old tawny.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"links": [
[
"alcoholic",
"alcoholic#Adjective"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet#Adjective"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified#Adjective"
],
[
"port wine",
"port wine"
],
[
"blended",
"blend#Verb"
],
[
"matured",
"mature#Verb"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"casks",
"cask#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "alcoholic beverages",
"raw_glosses": [
"(alcoholic beverages) In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1553, “The Seconde Chapitre. An Acte for the True Making of Woullen Clothes.”, in Anno III. & IIII. Edwardi Sexti. Actes Made in the Session of This Present Parlament, Holden vpon Prorogation at Westminster, the. IIII Daie of Nouembre, in the Third Yere of the Reigne of Our Most Dread Souuereine Lord Edward the. VI […], London: […] Rychard Grafton, printer to the Kinges Maiestie, →OCLC, folio iiij, recto:",
"text": "[N]o perſone, or perſones, occupiyng the ſeate of diẽg, ſhal die, or altre into colours, or cauſe to be died, or altred into colours, any wollen clothes, as broune blewes, pieukes, tawnies, or violettes, except the ſame wollẽ clothes be perfeictly boiled, greined or madered vpon the woade, & ſhot with good, and ſufficient corke, or orchal after a due, ſubſtancial, & ſufficient maner of workemanſhip, according to thauncient workmanſhip in time paſt vſed, vpõ peine for euery defalt to forfeite .xx. s̃.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1566 August 18 (Gregorian calendar), Arthur Edwards, Richard Hakluyt, The Principall Navigations, Voiages, and Discoveries of the English Nation, […], London: […] George Bishop and Ralph Newberie, deputies to Christopher Barker, […], published 1589, →OCLC, page 380:",
"text": "You ſhall doe well to ſend ſuch ſorts [of clothes] as be liuely to the ſight, and ſome blackes for womens garments, with ſome Orenge colours and tawneis.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1692 (indicated as 1693), Cotton Mather, The Wonders of the Invisible World. Observations as well Historical as Theological, upon the Nature, the Number, and the Operations of the Devils. […], Boston, Mass.: […] Benjamin Harris, →OCLC, page 42:",
"text": "The Tavvnies among vvhom vve came, have VVatered our Soyl, vvith the Blood, of many Hundred of our Inhabitants.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1696, [Jacques-Joseph] Le Maire, A Voyage of the Sieur Le Maire to the Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal and Gamby, under Monsieur Dancourt, Director-General of the Royal African Company. […], London: […] F. Mills and W. Turner, […], →OCLC, page 47:",
"text": "Senegal ſeparates the Azoaghes, Moors or Tavvnies, from the real Blacks; ſo that on one ſide of the River are the Moors of a Tavvny Complexion, and the other is Inhabited by People that are perfectly Black.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Voltaire [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet], “History of the Old Woman”, in [anonymous], transl., Candid: Or, All for the Best. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Nourse […], →OCLC, page 37:",
"text": "Upon our arrival at Morocco, vve found the vvhole kingdom a ſcene of blood and confuſion. Fifty ſons of the emperor Muley-Iſhmael had each their adherents: this produced fifty civil vvars of blacks againſt blacks, of tavvnies againſt tavvnies, and of mulattoes againſt mulattoes.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "probably derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"(probably derogatory) A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tawny frogmouth."
],
"links": [
[
"Tawny frogmouth",
"tawny frogmouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tawny owl."
],
"links": [
[
"Tawny owl",
"tawny owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "oranjebruin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣuḥra",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"Classical",
"feminine"
],
"word": "صُحْرَة"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cháhèsè, cháhésè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黃褐色"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huánghèsè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黄褐色"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědá"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "soga"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tenné"
},
{
"alt": "ちゃかっしょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chakasshoku",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"alt": "茶褐色",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dagalsaek",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "다갈색"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lignicolor"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "aruṇa",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kadru",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "león"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pardo león"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kapilam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "கபிலம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "picaṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிசங்கம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkalam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கலம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கம்"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaḍāramu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కడారము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāṣāyamu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కాషాయము"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "taan"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "úbumpôfu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something of a light brown or brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks",
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tawny meaning in English (51.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.