See tawny on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tawny meaning in All languages combined (45.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "having a brownish-orange colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "tawné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "of a tan colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“of a tan colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "taner",
"t": "to turn hide into leather, tan"
},
"expansion": "taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tan",
"t": "pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark"
},
"expansion": "tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)dʰonu",
"t": "fir"
},
"expansion": "*(s)dʰonu (“fir”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawniest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "tawny (comparative tawnier, superlative tawniest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tawnily"
},
{
"word": "tawniness"
},
{
"word": "tawny-breasted tinamou"
},
{
"word": "tawny coster"
},
{
"word": "tawny eagle"
},
{
"word": "tawny frogmouth"
},
{
"word": "tawny owl"
},
{
"word": "tawny pipit"
},
{
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982 March, Frank Maudsley, Paul Reynolds, Ali Score, Mike Score (lyrics and music), “I Ran (So Far Away)”, in A Flock of Seagulls, performed by A Flock of Seagulls",
"text": "I never thought I'd meet a girl like you / With auburn hair and tawny eyes",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves, “Romano-British Rulers”, in The Kings & Queens of Britain, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, page 13",
"text": "Dio Cassius, writing more than one hundred years after the event, described Boudicca as 'very tall, in appearance most terrifying … the glance of her eye most fierce, her voice harsh … a great mass of the tawniest hair fell to her hips'.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Roger Tory Peterson, Michael DiGiorgio, Paul Lehman, Peter Pyle, Larry Rosche, “Owls and Nightjars”, in Peterson Field Guide to Birds of North America (Peterson Field Guides), 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, page 230",
"text": "ANTILLEAN NIGHTHAWK Chordeiles gundlachii […] Somewhat tawnier and smaller than Common Nighthawk, but readily distinguished from it only by call.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-adj-Pw92X~FI",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "tan"
},
{
"word": "tawn"
},
{
"word": "fulvescent"
},
{
"word": "rufofulvous"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fulvid"
},
{
"word": "fulvous"
},
{
"word": "olivaster"
},
{
"word": "subfuscous"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "swartish"
},
{
"word": "swarty"
},
{
"word": "brownish"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawney"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔādam",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "آدَم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔamḡar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَمْغَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašqar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "أَشْقَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašhal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْهَل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "of eyes, Salukis",
"roman": "ʔašʕal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْعَل"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "šēk",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "շէկ"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "tʿux",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "թուխ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svetlokafjav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлокафяв"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falb"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lleonat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyldenbrun"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tanig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kõrb"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "cerviño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rubio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gelbbraun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lohfarben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "daphoinós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "δᾰφοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kirrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κῐρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knēkós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κνηκός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "purrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "πῠρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xanthós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ξᾰνθός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piṅg",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare"
],
"word": "पिंग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falva"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "donn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "focato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lionato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ocra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "aurantius"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "cervīnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "fulvēscēns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svetlokáfeav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлока́феав"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "għasli"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ouyr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "peapeau"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šarga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "шарга"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rusy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "śniady"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "płowy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryževáto-koríčnevyj",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "рыжева́то-кори́чневый"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "russjkat"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "babhru",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "हरि"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piñjara",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिञ्जर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śāva",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "शाव"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "beige"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "pardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyllenbrun"
},
{
"code": "shy",
"lang": "Tachawit",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "awres"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "హరి"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapilamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కపిలము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "piṅgaḷamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "పింగళము"
},
{
"alt": "𪑑",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ngăm"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "tawnied"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "tawnying"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "having a brownish-orange colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "tawné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "of a tan colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“of a tan colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "taner",
"t": "to turn hide into leather, tan"
},
"expansion": "taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tan",
"t": "pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark"
},
"expansion": "tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)dʰonu",
"t": "fir"
},
"expansion": "*(s)dʰonu (“fir”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tawny (third-person singular simple present tawnies, present participle tawnying, simple past and past participle tawnied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Nathan Englander, “2014, Limbo”, in Dinner at the Centre of the Earth, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf",
"text": "The General stares into the sandstorm churned up by all that movement. Like a curtain draped across the world, tawnying the October sky.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-verb-x3IcfEPC",
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"tan",
"tan#Verb"
],
[
"tawn",
"tawn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, chapter XI, in The Abduction; or, The Adventures of Major Sarney: A Story of the Times of Charles the Second. […], volume II, London: […] [William Clowes] for Charles Knight, […], →OCLC, page 249",
"text": "The countenance alone bespoke the years and the cares of John M‘Whirter. The deep wrinkled brow—the cheek plaited, and tawnied in the sun and the frosts of the north— […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Meridel Le Sueur, “Gone Home”, in Elaine Hedges, editor, Ripening: Selected Work, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, page 215",
"text": "In his drowse it all turned gleaming and mixing in him, his whole life, like the river gleaming taut between the trees. And everything that had ever happened to him tawnied over by the voluptuous light of the last fall, and his mouth watered for it all.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 7th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, part 5 (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 318",
"text": "[C]olheita is actually a tawny Port from a single vintage. In other words, it has aged (and softened and tawnied) in wood for many years.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-verb-1dbY5EvI",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "clothes made of tawny-coloured fabric",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawnies"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tani, tanni, tannie, taune, taunei",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tawné",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "tan colour; cloth of this colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "tané (verb)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tauni, tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”), from tané (verb): see further at etymology 1.\nSense 2.1 (“Eurasian bullfinch”) is due to the brown colour of the female.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "+",
"3": "tawnys"
},
"expansion": "tawny (countable and uncountable, plural tawnies or tawnys)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 11 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
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"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawny:"
},
{
"ref": "1705, “Part I. Of Silk Dying.”, in [anonymous], transl., The Whole Art of Dying. […], London: […] William Pearson, and sold by J[ohn] Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 14",
"text": "From the follovving Dye are Compoſed the beſt Tavvnies, Grey and Crimſon Goat Colours. […] The Silk muſt be put in vvhen the Suds are cold, for the colder the Suds, the blevver the Violet Colour, vvhich muſt alvvays be blevver than the Tavvnies.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Tho[mas] Page, Junior, “The Materials of Painting, Describing the Chief Colours to be Used; […]”, in The Art of Painting in Its Rudiment, Progress, and Perfection: […], Norwich, Norfolk: […], […], →OCLC, pages 48–49",
"text": "And thus by varying the Colours you ſhall produce all ſorts of mixtures: So black and vvhite variouſly mixed make a vaſt Company of deep and light Greys, Bleus and Yellovvs, many Greens; Red and Yellovv Orange Tavvnies, […] the more the Red the deeper the Orange Tavvnies, and ſo forth; and thus muſt they in your VVork be ſhaded and heightened vvith Colours of their ovvn Affinity: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-Fkn9HLKW",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Heraldic tinctures",
"orig": "en:Heraldic tinctures",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Heraldry",
"Light",
"Vision",
"History",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"Fundamental",
"Body",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 11 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Browns",
"orig": "en:Browns",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 9 9 2 10 7 2 2 11 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oranges",
"orig": "en:Oranges",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Gerard Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh], The Accedence of Armorie, London: […] Henrie Ballard […], →OCLC, folio 116, verso",
"text": "[T]he Herehaught [herald] muſt have a ſinguler reſpect to the face of him that ſhould haue the Armes, vvhere he ſhal vvel perceiue in vvhat ſeaſõ of the yere, his ovvn complexion vvill ſerue him to do beſt ſeruice in: […] If in Somer, either a Hound or Salamandra, or ſome part of them, of the colour Bruske, vvhich is betvveene Geules and tavvney.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "dragon's head"
}
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-0FsoQDIs",
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné#English"
],
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
],
[
"used",
"used#Adjective"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture#Noun"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"(specifically, heraldry) Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "tenné"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Aubyn Trevor-Battye, “March. Our Birds of Prey.”, in Oswald Crawfurd, editor, A Year of Sport and Natural History: Shooting, Hunting, Coursing, Falconry and Fishing […], London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, section I (The Owls), page 67",
"text": "The Tawny Owl may easily be induced, under favourable conditions, to take up its quarters near the houses of men. The writer is familiar with a pair of Tawnies which have nested for many years in one of several covered-in boxes fitted up in the trees that overhang the shrubberies in the grounds. […] There are other Tawnies in the woods and parks about, but this pair are the lords of their own district, for like all birds of prey they require a large area for their hunt for food.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name)."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-ItYhzO5u",
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Somerset English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 3 14 13 4 1 23 23 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 3 15 13 4 1 23 23 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 0 17 0 50 1 14 0 2 2 3 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 16 11 5 5 19 19 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 3 15 12 4 1 22 23 4 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "en:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-K0gooxHm",
"links": [
[
"common bullfinch",
"common bullfinch"
],
[
"Eurasian bullfinch",
"Eurasian bullfinch"
],
[
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula",
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Somerset",
"raw_glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"(Somerset) The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "en:Alcoholic beverages",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Recreational drugs",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Drugs",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Biology"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 3 14 13 4 1 23 23 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 16 11 5 5 19 19 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
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"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 3 15 12 4 1 22 23 4 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "en:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 4th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, part V (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 297",
"text": "Tawny is the most versatile Port style. The best tawnies are good-quality wines that have faded to a pale garnet or brownish red color during long wood aging. […] We consider 10- and 20-year-old tawnies the best buys; the older ones aren't always worth the extra bucks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lettie Teague, “Portugal”, in Educating Peter: How I Taught a Famous Movie Critic the Difference between Cabernet and Merlot or How Anyone Can Become an (Almost) Instant Wine Expert, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, page 110",
"text": "A ten-year-old tawny is a good place to start with a tawny port novice, who might otherwise be put off by the oxidized flavors (i.e., more wood and earth notes than fruit) that come with a very old tawny.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-1F30Gtco",
"links": [
[
"alcoholic",
"alcoholic#Adjective"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet#Adjective"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified#Adjective"
],
[
"port wine",
"port wine"
],
[
"blended",
"blend#Verb"
],
[
"matured",
"mature#Verb"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"casks",
"cask#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "alcoholic beverages",
"raw_glosses": [
"(alcoholic beverages) In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 3 11 44 2 0 19 17",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks",
"word": "tawny port"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1553, “The Seconde Chapitre. An Acte for the True Making of Woullen Clothes.”, in Anno III. & IIII. Edwardi Sexti. Actes Made in the Session of This Present Parlament, Holden vpon Prorogation at Westminster, the. IIII Daie of Nouembre, in the Third Yere of the Reigne of Our Most Dread Souuereine Lord Edward the. VI […], London: […] Rychard Grafton, printer to the Kinges Maiestie, →OCLC, folio iiij, recto",
"text": "[N]o perſone, or perſones, occupiyng the ſeate of diẽg, ſhal die, or altre into colours, or cauſe to be died, or altred into colours, any wollen clothes, as broune blewes, pieukes, tawnies, or violettes, except the ſame wollẽ clothes be perfeictly boiled, greined or madered vpon the woade, & ſhot with good, and ſufficient corke, or orchal after a due, ſubſtancial, & ſufficient maner of workemanſhip, according to thauncient workmanſhip in time paſt vſed, vpõ peine for euery defalt to forfeite .xx. s̃.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-LPltFJx~",
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1696, [Jacques-Joseph] Le Maire, A Voyage of the Sieur Le Maire to the Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal and Gamby, under Monsieur Dancourt, Director-General of the Royal African Company. […], London: […] F. Mills and W. Turner, […], →OCLC, page 47",
"text": "Senegal ſeparates the Azoaghes, Moors or Tavvnies, from the real Blacks; ſo that on one ſide of the River are the Moors of a Tavvny Complexion, and the other is Inhabited by People that are perfectly Black.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Voltaire [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet], “History of the Old Woman”, in [anonymous], transl., Candid: Or, All for the Best. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Nourse […], →OCLC, page 37",
"text": "Upon our arrival at Morocco, vve found the vvhole kingdom a ſcene of blood and confuſion. Fifty ſons of the emperor Muley-Iſhmael had each their adherents: this produced fifty civil vvars of blacks againſt blacks, of tavvnies againſt tavvnies, and of mulattoes againſt mulattoes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-MW2d0ueG",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "probably derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"(probably derogatory) A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 3 14 13 4 1 23 23 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 3 15 13 4 1 23 23 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 16 11 5 5 19 19 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 3 15 12 4 1 22 23 4 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "en:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tawny frogmouth."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-3ZWKE8QH",
"links": [
[
"Tawny frogmouth",
"tawny frogmouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 3 14 13 4 1 23 23 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 4 3 15 13 4 1 23 23 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 5 3 16 11 5 5 19 19 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Skin",
"orig": "en:Skin",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 4 3 15 12 4 1 22 23 4 4",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "True finches",
"orig": "en:True finches",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Tawny owl."
],
"id": "en-tawny-en-noun-2cFlGhw2",
"links": [
[
"Tawny owl",
"tawny owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "oranjebruin"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣuḥra",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"Classical",
"feminine"
],
"word": "صُحْرَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cháhèsè, cháhésè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黃褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huánghèsè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黄褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědá"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "soga"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crón"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tenné"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"alt": "ちゃかっしょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chakasshoku",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"alt": "茶褐色",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dagalsaek",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "다갈색"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lignicolor"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "aruṇa",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kadru",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "león"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pardo león"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kapilam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "கபிலம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "picaṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிசங்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkalam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கலம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கம்"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaḍāramu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కడారము"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāṣāyamu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కాషాయము"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "taan"
},
{
"_dis1": "32 32 8 8 2 10 2 3 3",
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "úbumpôfu"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 16 20 20 3 14 2 5 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something of a light brown or brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tawnily"
},
{
"word": "tawniness"
},
{
"word": "tawny-breasted tinamou"
},
{
"word": "tawny coster"
},
{
"word": "tawny eagle"
},
{
"word": "tawny frogmouth"
},
{
"word": "tawny owl"
},
{
"word": "tawny pipit"
},
{
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "having a brownish-orange colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "tawné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "of a tan colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“of a tan colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "taner",
"t": "to turn hide into leather, tan"
},
"expansion": "taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tan",
"t": "pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark"
},
"expansion": "tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)dʰonu",
"t": "fir"
},
"expansion": "*(s)dʰonu (“fir”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnier",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tawniest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "tawny (comparative tawnier, superlative tawniest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "tan"
},
{
"word": "tawn"
},
{
"word": "fulvescent"
},
{
"word": "rufofulvous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1982 March, Frank Maudsley, Paul Reynolds, Ali Score, Mike Score (lyrics and music), “I Ran (So Far Away)”, in A Flock of Seagulls, performed by A Flock of Seagulls",
"text": "I never thought I'd meet a girl like you / With auburn hair and tawny eyes",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, John Cannon, Anne Hargreaves, “Romano-British Rulers”, in The Kings & Queens of Britain, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, page 13",
"text": "Dio Cassius, writing more than one hundred years after the event, described Boudicca as 'very tall, in appearance most terrifying … the glance of her eye most fierce, her voice harsh … a great mass of the tawniest hair fell to her hips'.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Roger Tory Peterson, Michael DiGiorgio, Paul Lehman, Peter Pyle, Larry Rosche, “Owls and Nightjars”, in Peterson Field Guide to Birds of North America (Peterson Field Guides), 2nd edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, page 230",
"text": "ANTILLEAN NIGHTHAWK Chordeiles gundlachii […] Somewhat tawnier and smaller than Common Nighthawk, but readily distinguished from it only by call.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fulvid"
},
{
"word": "fulvous"
},
{
"word": "olivaster"
},
{
"word": "subfuscous"
},
{
"word": "swart"
},
{
"word": "swartish"
},
{
"word": "swarty"
},
{
"word": "brownish"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawney"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔādam",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "آدَم"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔamḡar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَمْغَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašqar",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "أَشْقَر"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔašhal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْهَل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"note": "of eyes, Salukis",
"roman": "ʔašʕal",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "أَشْعَل"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "šēk",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "շէկ"
},
{
"code": "xcl",
"lang": "Old Armenian",
"roman": "tʿux",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "թուխ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "svetlokafjav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлокафяв"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falb"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lleonat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědý"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyldenbrun"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tanig"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kõrb"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "cerviño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rubio"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gelbbraun"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lohfarben"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "daphoinós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "δᾰφοινός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "kirrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κῐρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "knēkós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "κνηκός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "purrhós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "πῠρρός"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "xanthós",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ξᾰνθός"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "piṅg",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"formal",
"rare"
],
"word": "पिंग"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "falva"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "donn"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "focato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lionato"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ocra"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "aurantius"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "cervīnus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"New-Latin"
],
"word": "fulvēscēns"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "fulvus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "rāvus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "svetlokáfeav",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "светлока́феав"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "għasli"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ouyr"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "peapeau"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šarga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "шарга"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rusy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "śniady"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "płowy"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ryževáto-koríčnevyj",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "рыжева́то-кори́чневый"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "russjkat"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "babhru",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "बभ्रु"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "हरि"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piñjara",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिञ्जर"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "śāva",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "शाव"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "beige"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "leonado"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "pardo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gulbrun"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "gyllenbrun"
},
{
"code": "shy",
"lang": "Tachawit",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "awres"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "hari",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "హరి"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kapilamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కపిలము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "piṅgaḷamu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "పింగళము"
},
{
"alt": "𪑑",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "ngăm"
},
{
"code": "xh",
"lang": "Xhosa",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "of a light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "mpôfu"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "tawnied"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"word": "tawnying"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "having a brownish-orange colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "taunde, taunei, tauneʒ, tauny, tawny, (chiefly Northern England, Scotland) tanei, tani, tanne, tannee, tanny, tannye, tany, thanne",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "taune"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman taune",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "tawné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "of a tan colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“of a tan colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "past"
},
"expansion": "past",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "taner",
"t": "to turn hide into leather, tan"
},
"expansion": "taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tan",
"t": "pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark"
},
"expansion": "tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*tannos",
"t": "green oak"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)dʰnwos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*(s)dʰonu",
"t": "fir"
},
"expansion": "*(s)dʰonu (“fir”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tann"
},
"expansion": "Breton tann",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ML.",
"2": "tannāre",
"t": "to dye a tawny color; to tan"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "caerthann",
"t": "rowan"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The adjective is derived from Middle English tauni, tawne (“having a brownish-orange colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman taune, tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“of a tan colour”), an adjective use of the past participle of taner (“to turn hide into leather, tan”), from tan (“pulped oak bark used to tan leather, tanbark”), ultimately from Proto-Celtic *tannos (“green oak”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)dʰnwos, *(s)dʰonu (“fir”).\nThe -aw- spelling (also -au- in Middle English) seems to have been due to the pronunciation of Old French tané.\nThe verb is derived from the adjective.\ncognates\n* Breton tann\n* Medieval Latin tannāre (“to dye a tawny color; to tan”)\n* Old Irish caerthann (“rowan”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnying",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnied",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tawny (third-person singular simple present tawnies, present participle tawnying, simple past and past participle tawnied)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017, Nathan Englander, “2014, Limbo”, in Dinner at the Centre of the Earth, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf",
"text": "The General stares into the sandstorm churned up by all that movement. Like a curtain draped across the world, tawnying the October sky.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"links": [
[
"cause",
"cause#Verb"
],
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"tan",
"tan#Verb"
],
[
"tawn",
"tawn#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To cause (someone or something) to have a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, chapter XI, in The Abduction; or, The Adventures of Major Sarney: A Story of the Times of Charles the Second. […], volume II, London: […] [William Clowes] for Charles Knight, […], →OCLC, page 249",
"text": "The countenance alone bespoke the years and the cares of John M‘Whirter. The deep wrinkled brow—the cheek plaited, and tawnied in the sun and the frosts of the north— […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Meridel Le Sueur, “Gone Home”, in Elaine Hedges, editor, Ripening: Selected Work, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, page 215",
"text": "In his drowse it all turned gleaming and mixing in him, his whole life, like the river gleaming taut between the trees. And everything that had ever happened to him tawnied over by the voluptuous light of the last fall, and his mouth watered for it all.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 7th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, part 5 (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 318",
"text": "[C]olheita is actually a tawny Port from a single vintage. In other words, it has aged (and softened and tawnied) in wood for many years.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To become a light brown to brownish orange colour; to tan, to tawn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Romanian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːni/2 syllables",
"en:Browns",
"en:Oranges",
"en:People",
"en:Skin",
"en:True finches"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "clothes made of tawny-coloured fabric",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tawnies"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tauni"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tauni",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "tawne",
"t": "brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour"
},
"expansion": "tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tani, tanni, tannie, taune, taunei",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "tawné"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tawné",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tané"
},
"expansion": "Old French tané",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanné"
},
"expansion": "tanné",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tanney",
"t": "tan colour; cloth of this colour"
},
"expansion": "tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "tané",
"pos": "verb"
},
"expansion": "tané (verb)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English tauni, tawne (“brownish-orange colour; cloth of this colour; sweet beverage of this colour”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman tawné, and Old French tané, tanné, tanney (“tan colour; cloth of this colour”), from tané (verb): see further at etymology 1.\nSense 2.1 (“Eurasian bullfinch”) is due to the brown colour of the female.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tawnies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tawnys",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~",
"2": "+",
"3": "tawnys"
},
"expansion": "tawny (countable and uncountable, plural tawnies or tawnys)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"taw‧ny"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "tawny:"
},
{
"ref": "1705, “Part I. Of Silk Dying.”, in [anonymous], transl., The Whole Art of Dying. […], London: […] William Pearson, and sold by J[ohn] Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 14",
"text": "From the follovving Dye are Compoſed the beſt Tavvnies, Grey and Crimſon Goat Colours. […] The Silk muſt be put in vvhen the Suds are cold, for the colder the Suds, the blevver the Violet Colour, vvhich muſt alvvays be blevver than the Tavvnies.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1720, Tho[mas] Page, Junior, “The Materials of Painting, Describing the Chief Colours to be Used; […]”, in The Art of Painting in Its Rudiment, Progress, and Perfection: […], Norwich, Norfolk: […], […], →OCLC, pages 48–49",
"text": "And thus by varying the Colours you ſhall produce all ſorts of mixtures: So black and vvhite variouſly mixed make a vaſt Company of deep and light Greys, Bleus and Yellovvs, many Greens; Red and Yellovv Orange Tavvnies, […] the more the Red the deeper the Orange Tavvnies, and ſo forth; and thus muſt they in your VVork be ſhaded and heightened vvith Colours of their ovvn Affinity: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Heraldic tinctures"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1597, Gerard Leigh [i.e., Gerard Legh], The Accedence of Armorie, London: […] Henrie Ballard […], →OCLC, folio 116, verso",
"text": "[T]he Herehaught [herald] muſt have a ſinguler reſpect to the face of him that ſhould haue the Armes, vvhere he ſhal vvel perceiue in vvhat ſeaſõ of the yere, his ovvn complexion vvill ſerue him to do beſt ſeruice in: […] If in Somer, either a Hound or Salamandra, or ſome part of them, of the colour Bruske, vvhich is betvveene Geules and tavvney.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "dragon's head"
}
],
"links": [
[
"light",
"light#Adjective"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Noun"
],
[
"brownish",
"brownish"
],
[
"orange",
"orange#Noun"
],
[
"colour",
"colour#Noun"
],
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"tenné",
"tenné#English"
],
[
"rarely",
"rarely"
],
[
"used",
"used#Adjective"
],
[
"tincture",
"tincture#Noun"
],
[
"bright",
"bright#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A light brown to brownish orange colour.",
"(specifically, heraldry) Synonym of tenné (“a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "a rarely-used tincture of orange or bright brown",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "tenné"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1895, Aubyn Trevor-Battye, “March. Our Birds of Prey.”, in Oswald Crawfurd, editor, A Year of Sport and Natural History: Shooting, Hunting, Coursing, Falconry and Fishing […], London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, section I (The Owls), page 67",
"text": "The Tawny Owl may easily be induced, under favourable conditions, to take up its quarters near the houses of men. The writer is familiar with a pair of Tawnies which have nested for many years in one of several covered-in boxes fitted up in the trees that overhang the shrubberies in the grounds. […] There are other Tawnies in the woods and parks about, but this pair are the lords of their own district, for like all birds of prey they require a large area for their hunt for food.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Somerset English"
],
"glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"links": [
[
"common bullfinch",
"common bullfinch"
],
[
"Eurasian bullfinch",
"Eurasian bullfinch"
],
[
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula",
"Pyrrhula pyrrhula#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Somerset",
"raw_glosses": [
"Something of a light brown or brownish orange colour (particularly if it has the word tawny in its name).",
"(Somerset) The common bullfinch or Eurasian bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Alcoholic beverages"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, Ed McCarthy, Mary Ewing-Mulligan, “Wine Roads Less Traveled: Fortified and Dessert Wines”, in Wine for Dummies (For Dummies), 4th edition, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, part V (Wine’s Exotic Face), page 297",
"text": "Tawny is the most versatile Port style. The best tawnies are good-quality wines that have faded to a pale garnet or brownish red color during long wood aging. […] We consider 10- and 20-year-old tawnies the best buys; the older ones aren't always worth the extra bucks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Lettie Teague, “Portugal”, in Educating Peter: How I Taught a Famous Movie Critic the Difference between Cabernet and Merlot or How Anyone Can Become an (Almost) Instant Wine Expert, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, page 110",
"text": "A ten-year-old tawny is a good place to start with a tawny port novice, who might otherwise be put off by the oxidized flavors (i.e., more wood and earth notes than fruit) that come with a very old tawny.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"links": [
[
"alcoholic",
"alcoholic#Adjective"
],
[
"beverage",
"beverage"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet#Adjective"
],
[
"fortified",
"fortified#Adjective"
],
[
"port wine",
"port wine"
],
[
"blended",
"blend#Verb"
],
[
"matured",
"mature#Verb"
],
[
"wooden",
"wooden"
],
[
"casks",
"cask#Noun"
]
],
"qualifier": "alcoholic beverages",
"raw_glosses": [
"(alcoholic beverages) In full tawny port: a sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1553, “The Seconde Chapitre. An Acte for the True Making of Woullen Clothes.”, in Anno III. & IIII. Edwardi Sexti. Actes Made in the Session of This Present Parlament, Holden vpon Prorogation at Westminster, the. IIII Daie of Nouembre, in the Third Yere of the Reigne of Our Most Dread Souuereine Lord Edward the. VI […], London: […] Rychard Grafton, printer to the Kinges Maiestie, →OCLC, folio iiij, recto",
"text": "[N]o perſone, or perſones, occupiyng the ſeate of diẽg, ſhal die, or altre into colours, or cauſe to be died, or altred into colours, any wollen clothes, as broune blewes, pieukes, tawnies, or violettes, except the ſame wollẽ clothes be perfeictly boiled, greined or madered vpon the woade, & ſhot with good, and ſufficient corke, or orchal after a due, ſubſtancial, & ſufficient maner of workemanſhip, according to thauncient workmanſhip in time paſt vſed, vpõ peine for euery defalt to forfeite .xx. s̃.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"links": [
[
"fabric",
"fabric"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"A fabric of a light brown to brownish orange colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1696, [Jacques-Joseph] Le Maire, A Voyage of the Sieur Le Maire to the Canary Islands, Cape-Verd, Senegal and Gamby, under Monsieur Dancourt, Director-General of the Royal African Company. […], London: […] F. Mills and W. Turner, […], →OCLC, page 47",
"text": "Senegal ſeparates the Azoaghes, Moors or Tavvnies, from the real Blacks; ſo that on one ſide of the River are the Moors of a Tavvny Complexion, and the other is Inhabited by People that are perfectly Black.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1759, Voltaire [pseudonym; François-Marie Arouet], “History of the Old Woman”, in [anonymous], transl., Candid: Or, All for the Best. […], 2nd edition, London: […] J[ohn] Nourse […], →OCLC, page 37",
"text": "Upon our arrival at Morocco, vve found the vvhole kingdom a ſcene of blood and confuſion. Fifty ſons of the emperor Muley-Iſhmael had each their adherents: this produced fifty civil vvars of blacks againſt blacks, of tavvnies againſt tavvnies, and of mulattoes againſt mulattoes.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"skin",
"skin#Noun"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"qualifier": "probably derogatory",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete)",
"(probably derogatory) A person with skin of a brown colour."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tawny frogmouth."
],
"links": [
[
"Tawny frogmouth",
"tawny frogmouth"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Tawny owl."
],
"links": [
[
"Tawny owl",
"tawny owl"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔːni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɔni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈtɑ-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tawny.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tawny.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "tôʹnē"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "oranjebruin"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṣuḥra",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"Classical",
"feminine"
],
"word": "صُحْرَة"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "cháhèsè, cháhésè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黃褐色"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "huánghèsè",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "黄褐色"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "žlutohnědá"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fauve"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "világosbarna"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "soga"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crón"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tenné"
},
{
"alt": "ちゃかっしょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chakasshoku",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "茶褐色"
},
{
"alt": "茶褐色",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "dagalsaek",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "다갈색"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tauni"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "tawne"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "lignicolor"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "aruṇa",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "अरुण"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kadru",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "león"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pardo león"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kapilam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "கபிலம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "picaṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிசங்கம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkalam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கலம்"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "piṅkam",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "பிங்கம்"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kaḍāramu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కడారము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kāṣāyamu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "కాషాయము"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "taan"
},
{
"code": "zu",
"lang": "Zulu",
"sense": "light brown to brownish orange colour",
"word": "úbumpôfu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "something of a light brown or brownish orange colour",
"word": "kellanruskea"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "sweet, fortified port wine which is blended and matured in wooden casks",
"word": "tawny port"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tawny (color)"
],
"word": "tawny"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.