See shiver in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for shiver meaning in English (27.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "ashiver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shiverer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shiver my sides"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shiver my soul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shivering owl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shiver my timbers"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chavel"
},
"expansion": "chavel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sheaf"
},
"expansion": "sheaf",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain, perhaps an alteration of chavel, or a frequentive of sheaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shivering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (third-person singular simple present shivers, present participle shivering, simple past and past participle shivered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They stood outside for hours, shivering in the frosty air.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1693, Thomas Creech, The thirteenth Satire of Juvenal",
"text": "The man that shivered on the brink of sin, / Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36",
"text": "Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tremble or shake, especially when cold or frightened."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-verb-0MQhNMI8",
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
],
[
"shake",
"shake"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "fërgëlloj"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperja",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "треперя"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrifança"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calfred"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "yollichi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duōsuo",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "哆嗦"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "顫抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chàndǒu or zhàndǒu",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "颤抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "發抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fādǒu",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "发抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "顫慄"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhànlì",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "颤栗"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震顫"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènchàn",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震颤"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skælve"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "rillen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "bibberen"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "huiveren"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frostotremi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hytistä"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "väristä"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frissonner"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "bracuñar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "aterecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "entanguecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremelicar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "estremecer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "zittern"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "reiran",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rigó",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ριγώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tourtourízo",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "τουρτουρίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "rhigóō",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ῥιγόω"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "didereg"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "with fear",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "reszket"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skjálfa"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "rabbrividire"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremare"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"alt": "ふるえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furueru",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震える"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "lerzîn",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "لەرزین"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "horreo"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremo"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "turiwātaitai"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "turiwātautau"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hāwiniwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "kūnāwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hurapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tuawiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "harawiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hūnonoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "harawiniwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "korohāwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hunōnoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "agzajx",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "агзайх"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frémi"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skjelve"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremolar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "estrementir"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larzidan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "لرزیدن"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "drżeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremer"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremura"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožátʹ",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "дрожа́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trjastísʹ",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "трясти́сь"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "temblar de frío"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "darra"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "huttra"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "naṭuṅku",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "நடுங்கு"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tremtity",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "тремтіти"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "run"
},
{
"_dis1": "75 25",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsitern",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ציטערן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 92",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-verb-XCucPFX~",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, transitive) To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"frequentive",
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "shiver my timbers"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "send shivers down someone's spine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "send a shiver down someone's spine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "shiver me timbers"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chavel"
},
"expansion": "chavel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sheaf"
},
"expansion": "sheaf",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain, perhaps an alteration of chavel, or a frequentive of sheaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "frisson"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A shiver went up my spine.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shivering."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-yuHuqKjL",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperene",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "треперене"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calfred"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duōsuo",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "哆嗦"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "顫抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chàndǒu or zhàndǒu",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "颤抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "發抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fādǒu",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "发抖"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "顫慄"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhànlì",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "颤栗"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震顫"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènchàn",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震颤"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "třes"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "třas"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "třesení"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "tremo"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "hytinä"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "värinä"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "väristys"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frisson"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrepío"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zittern"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brivido"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremore"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"alt": "ふるえ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furue",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震え"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dırıl",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "діріл"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremor"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "friçon"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larz",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "لرز"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drżenie"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrio"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tremedeira"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tremura"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožʹ",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дрожь"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožánije",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дрожа́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escalofrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calofrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estremecimiento"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "estremezón"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espeluzno"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "repeluzno"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "en:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bodily response to early hypothermia.ᵂᵖ"
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-9QdqJRZQ",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) A bodily response to early hypothermia.ᵂᵖ"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trǎpki",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "тръпки"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frisson"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hurapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tuawiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "harawiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hūnonoi"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tūngāwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "harawiniwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hāwiniwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "kūnāwiri"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "korohāwini"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larz",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "لرز"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrio"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escalofrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calofrío"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 90",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tiritón"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"frequentive",
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scivaro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scivaro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schiefer",
"3": "",
"4": "slate"
},
"expansion": "Schiefer (“slate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Germanic word, probably present in Old English though unattested, cognate with Old High German scivaro (German Schiefer (“slate”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A fragment or splinter, especially of glass or stone."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-mocQeycB",
"links": [
[
"fragment",
"fragment"
],
[
"splinter",
"splinter"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "46 13 7 8 2 24",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otlomka",
"sense": "a stony or glassy fragment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "отломка"
},
{
"_dis1": "46 13 7 8 2 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a stony or glassy fragment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scheggia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A thin slice; a shive."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-jRWqgZPX",
"links": [
[
"shive",
"shive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) A thin slice; a shive."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A variety of blue slate."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-HY0R8UWb",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
],
[
"slate",
"slate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A variety of blue slate."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "en:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A sheave or small wheel in a pulley."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-sb3Gs-rH",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"sheave",
"sheave"
],
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"pulley",
"pulley"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A sheave or small wheel in a pulley."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of a window shutter."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-oYwVJX9t",
"links": [
[
"wedge",
"wedge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spindle."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-t856wjJW",
"links": [
[
"spindle",
"spindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) A spindle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scivaro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scivaro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schiefer",
"3": "",
"4": "slate"
},
"expansion": "Schiefer (“slate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Germanic word, probably present in Old English though unattested, cognate with Old High German scivaro (German Schiefer (“slate”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shivering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (third-person singular simple present shivers, present participle shivering, simple past and past participle shivered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Six Napoleons, Norton, published 2005, page 1034",
"text": "he found a plaster bust of Napoleon, which stood with several other works of art upon the counter, lying shivered into fragments.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Christopher Hitchens, Hitch-22, Atlantic, published 2011, page 183",
"text": "A whole series of fault lines radiated away from this Lisbon earthquake, all of them shivering the structures of traditional order.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break into splinters or fragments."
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-verb-wUMrECvH",
"links": [
[
"splinter",
"splinter"
],
[
"fragment",
"fragment"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Collective noun for a group of sharks"
],
"id": "en-shiver-en-noun-Sm~bJQiC"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ashiver"
},
{
"word": "shiverer"
},
{
"word": "shiver my sides"
},
{
"word": "shiver my soul"
},
{
"word": "shiver my timbers"
},
{
"word": "shivering owl"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chavel"
},
"expansion": "chavel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sheaf"
},
"expansion": "sheaf",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain, perhaps an alteration of chavel, or a frequentive of sheaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shivering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (third-person singular simple present shivers, present participle shivering, simple past and past participle shivered)",
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "They stood outside for hours, shivering in the frosty air.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1693, Thomas Creech, The thirteenth Satire of Juvenal",
"text": "The man that shivered on the brink of sin, / Thus steeled and hardened, ventures boldly in.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36",
"text": "Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To tremble or shake, especially when cold or frightened."
],
"links": [
[
"tremble",
"tremble"
],
[
"shake",
"shake"
],
[
"cold",
"cold"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, transitive) To cause to shake or tremble, as a sail, by steering close to the wind."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "fërgëlloj"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperja",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "треперя"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "esgarrifança"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calfred"
},
{
"code": "cic",
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "yollichi"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duōsuo",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "哆嗦"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "顫抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chàndǒu or zhàndǒu",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "颤抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "發抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fādǒu",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "发抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "顫慄"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhànlì",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "颤栗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震顫"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènchàn",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震颤"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skælve"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "rillen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "bibberen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "huiveren"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frostotremi"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hytistä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "väristä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frissonner"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "bracuñar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "aterecer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "entanguecer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremelicar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "estremecer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "zittern"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "reiran",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "𐍂𐌴𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌽"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rigó",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ριγώ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tourtourízo",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "τουρτουρίζω"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "rhigóō",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ῥιγόω"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "didereg"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"note": "with fear",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "reszket"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skjálfa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "rabbrividire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremare"
},
{
"alt": "ふるえる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furueru",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "震える"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "lerzîn",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "لەرزین"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "horreo"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "turiwātaitai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "turiwātautau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hāwiniwini"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "kūnāwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hurapa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tuawiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "harawiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hūnonoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "harawiniwini"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "kūnāwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "korohāwini"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"note": "with cold",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "hunōnoi"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "agzajx",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "агзайх"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "frémi"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "skjelve"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremolar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "estrementir"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larzidan",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "لرزیدن"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "drżeć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremer"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tremura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožátʹ",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "дрожа́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "trjastísʹ",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "трясти́сь"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "tiritar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "temblar de frío"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "darra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "huttra"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "naṭuṅku",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "நடுங்கு"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "tremtity",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "тремтіти"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "run"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tsitern",
"sense": "to tremble or shake",
"word": "ציטערן"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"frequentive",
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "send shivers down someone's spine"
},
{
"word": "send a shiver down someone's spine"
},
{
"word": "shiver my timbers"
},
{
"word": "shiver me timbers"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chavel"
},
"expansion": "chavel",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sheaf"
},
"expansion": "sheaf",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain, perhaps an alteration of chavel, or a frequentive of sheaf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "frisson"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A shiver went up my spine.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of shivering."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"A bodily response to early hypothermia.ᵂᵖ"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(medicine) A bodily response to early hypothermia.ᵂᵖ"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "treperene",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "треперене"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calfred"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "duōsuo",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "哆嗦"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "顫抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chàndǒu or zhàndǒu",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "颤抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "發抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fādǒu",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "发抖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "顫慄"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhànlì",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "颤栗"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震顫"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhènchàn",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震颤"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "třes"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "třas"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "třesení"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "tremo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "hytinä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "värinä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "väristys"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frisson"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrío"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arrepío"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Zittern"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brivido"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremore"
},
{
"alt": "ふるえ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "furue",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "震え"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "dırıl",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "діріл"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tremor"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"code": "fro",
"lang": "Old French",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "friçon"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larz",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"word": "لرز"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drżenie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrio"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tremedeira"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tremura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožʹ",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "дрожь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "drožánije",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "дрожа́ние"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escalofrío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calofrío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estremecimiento"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"Latin-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "estremezón"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"Mexico",
"masculine"
],
"word": "espeluzno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the act or result of shivering",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "repeluzno"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "trǎpki",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "тръпки"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "frisson"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hurapa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tuawiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "harawiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hūnonoi"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tūhauwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "tūngāwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "harawiniwini"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "hāwiniwini"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "kūnāwiri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "korohāwini"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "larz",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"word": "لرز"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calafrio"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "escalofrío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calofrío"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a bodily response to cold",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tiritón"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"frequentive",
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scivaro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scivaro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schiefer",
"3": "",
"4": "slate"
},
"expansion": "Schiefer (“slate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Germanic word, probably present in Old English though unattested, cognate with Old High German scivaro (German Schiefer (“slate”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A fragment or splinter, especially of glass or stone."
],
"links": [
[
"fragment",
"fragment"
],
[
"splinter",
"splinter"
],
[
"glass",
"glass"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A thin slice; a shive."
],
"links": [
[
"shive",
"shive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) A thin slice; a shive."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"A variety of blue slate."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
],
[
"slate",
"slate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A variety of blue slate."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"A sheave or small wheel in a pulley."
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"sheave",
"sheave"
],
[
"wheel",
"wheel"
],
[
"pulley",
"pulley"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) A sheave or small wheel in a pulley."
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A small wedge, as for fastening the bolt of a window shutter."
],
"links": [
[
"wedge",
"wedge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A spindle."
],
"links": [
[
"spindle",
"spindle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, UK, dialect) A spindle."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"dialectal",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "otlomka",
"sense": "a stony or glassy fragment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "отломка"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "a stony or glassy fragment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "scheggia"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "scivaro"
},
"expansion": "Old High German scivaro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Schiefer",
"3": "",
"4": "slate"
},
"expansion": "Schiefer (“slate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a Germanic word, probably present in Old English though unattested, cognate with Old High German scivaro (German Schiefer (“slate”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "shivering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shivered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (third-person singular simple present shivers, present participle shivering, simple past and past participle shivered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1904, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Six Napoleons, Norton, published 2005, page 1034",
"text": "he found a plaster bust of Napoleon, which stood with several other works of art upon the counter, lying shivered into fragments.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Christopher Hitchens, Hitch-22, Atlantic, published 2011, page 183",
"text": "A whole series of fault lines radiated away from this Lisbon earthquake, all of them shivering the structures of traditional order.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To break into splinters or fragments."
],
"links": [
[
"splinter",
"splinter"
],
[
"fragment",
"fragment"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/ɪvə(ɹ)/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Origin uncertain",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shivers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "shiver (plural shivers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"shi‧ver"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Collective noun for a group of sharks"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈʃɪvə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪvə(ɹ)"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-shiver.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg/En-us-shiver.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/En-us-shiver.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"shiver (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "shiver"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.