See reindeer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "†R. t. eogroenlandicus",
"word": "Arctic reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. buskensis",
"word": "busk reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. fennicus",
"word": "Finnish forest reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. phylarchus",
"word": "Kamchatkan reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. tarandus",
"word": "mountain reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. pearsoni",
"word": "Novaya Zemlya reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reindeer calf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reindeer corn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reindeer games"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Reindeer Lake"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cladonia spp.",
"word": "reindeer lichen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cladonia spp.",
"word": "reindeer moss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reindeer spitz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. valentinae",
"word": "Siberian forest reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. sibiricus",
"word": "Siberian tundra reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. platyrhynchus",
"word": "Svalbard reindeer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "R. t. tarandus",
"word": "wild reindeer"
}
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"3": "reyndere"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreindýri",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rendier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rentier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "German Rentier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "rendjur",
"t": "reindeer"
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"expansion": "Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)",
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},
"expansion": "Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)",
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{
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"2": "hrān",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrān (“reindeer”)",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.",
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"hyphenation": [
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"word": "caribou"
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"word": "Blitzen"
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:",
"text": "Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:",
"text": "Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies."
],
"id": "en-reindeer-en-noun-YtqYLFzZ",
"links": [
[
"Arctic",
"Arctic"
],
[
"subarctic",
"subarctic"
],
[
"dwell",
"dwell"
],
[
"deer",
"deer"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"Rangifer tarandus",
"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual"
],
[
"subspecies",
"subspecies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies."
],
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "aht",
"lang": "Ahtna",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "udzih"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "tunakkay",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "トゥナッカィ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "renë"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "itx̂aygix̂"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "alr",
"lang": "Alutor",
"roman": "quraŋa",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄураӈа"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rana",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَنَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hyusisayin eġǰeru",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "հյուսիսային եղջերու"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ast",
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"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "renu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "atj",
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"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "atikw"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "az",
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"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "şimal maralı"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "eu",
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"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "elur-orein"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
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"roman": "paŭnóčny aljénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "паўно́чны але́нь"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "karv-erc'h"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
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],
"word": "kirvi-erc'h"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "séveren elén",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́верен еле́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karíbu",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кари́бу"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsuyvtlv awi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xùnlù",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "驯鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "qoraṇy",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄораӈы"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cr",
"lang": "Cree",
"roman": "atihkw",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᐊᑎᐦᒄ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sob"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rensdyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rendier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "pučo",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "пучо"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rangifero"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "põhjapõder"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "poro (in Eurasia)"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"note": "in North America",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "eve",
"lang": "Even",
"roman": "orȧn",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ора̇н"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "oron",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "орон"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reindýr"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reindjór"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdjór"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fi",
"english": "species Rangifer tarandus",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "peura"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "poro (semi-domesticated)"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fi",
"english": "North American subspecies",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "renne"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "caribou"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reno"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "črdiloetis iremi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ჩრდილოეთის ირემი"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rentier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tárandos",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τάρανδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tárandos",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τάρανδος"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "renḍiyar",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "रेनडियर"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rénszarvas"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hreindýr"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rentiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America"
],
"word": "karibuo"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "pohjan oleni"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "tokto",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᑐᒃᑐ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ik",
"lang": "Inupiaq",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réinfhia"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "renna"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "itl",
"lang": "Itelmen",
"roman": "qora",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄора"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tonakai",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "トナカイ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"alt": "となかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tonakai",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"alt": "じゅんろく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "junroku",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "soltüstık būğy",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "солтүстік бұғы"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ket",
"lang": "Ket",
"roman": "selʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "сель"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sullok",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "순록"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarandrus"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarandus"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziemeļbriedis"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šiaurinis elnias"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "taa",
"lang": "Lower Tanana",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "bedzeyh"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rendéier"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "irvas",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ирвас"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rusa kutub"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "oron buhū",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "renetia"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "caa buga",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "цаа буга"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "buga",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "буга"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "gld",
"lang": "Nanai",
"roman": "orōn",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро̄н"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "hakʼaz bįįh"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "neg",
"lang": "Negidal",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ойон"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ykg",
"lang": "Northern Yukaghir",
"roman": "ile",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "илэ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rein"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rein"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "adik"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hrān"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hreinn"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "oac",
"lang": "Oroch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "orh",
"lang": "Oroqen",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ɔrɔn"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gavazn-e šomâli",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "گوزن شمالی"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "renifer"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"neuter"
],
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rena"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífer"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífero"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sévernyj olénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́верный оле́нь"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karíbu",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кари́бу"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "puásui"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kodde"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sjd",
"lang": "Kildin",
"roman": "puaz",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "пуаз"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "boatsoj"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "boazu"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "puäʒʒ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kââʹreǩ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kåʹdd"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Southern"
],
"word": "bovtje"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Southern"
],
"word": "bovtse"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadh Lochlannach"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadh-sneachda"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "и̏рва̄с"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "со̏б"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "северни јелен"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сјеверни јелен"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȉrvās"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sȍb"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "severni jelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sjeverni jelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sob"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "severni jelen"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reno"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífero"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "caribú"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kulungu aktiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mbawala aktiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rendjur"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "reno"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "tcb",
"lang": "Tanacross",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "wudzih"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gwaang rayn-dia",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "กวางเรนเดียร์"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rayn-dia",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "เรนเดียร์"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "Ren geyiği"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"note": "سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "ivi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "иви"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ude",
"lang": "Udihe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ude",
"lang": "Udihe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оло"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pivníčnyj olénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "півні́чний оле́нь"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ulc",
"lang": "Ulch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuần lộc"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carw Llychlyn"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Biology",
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"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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},
{
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"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 57 3",
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},
{
"_dis": "48 48 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 48 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cree translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 49 5",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 57 3",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 51 9",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 49 6",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 48 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 54 8",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 46 5",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 54 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 54 8",
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"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 51 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 52 4",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 60 1",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ingrian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 51 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 53 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 52 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Inupiaq translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 45 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 55 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Itelmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 53 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 50 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ket translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 60 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kildin Sami translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 51 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 52 3",
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"name": "Terms with Lower Tanana translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 60 1",
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"name": "Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 53 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 51 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 53 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Nanai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Negidal translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 51 6",
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"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 52 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 44 6",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 6",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Oroch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
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"name": "Terms with Oroqen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 48 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 48 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 53 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 44 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 54 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swahili translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tanacross translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 49 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tuvan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Udihe translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 50 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ulch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 47 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 52 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 55 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Reindeers",
"orig": "en:Reindeers",
"parents": [
"Cervids",
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals."
],
"id": "en-reindeer-en-noun-RW7AcFFN",
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"ecotype",
"ecotype"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals."
],
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reindeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪndɪə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "reindeer"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reyndere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reyndere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreindýri",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rendier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rentier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "German Rentier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rendjur",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rensdyr",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hrān",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrān (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reindeers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reindeer (third-person singular simple present reindeers, present participle reindeering, simple past and past participle reindeered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rein‧deer"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 44 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To herd or farm reindeer"
],
"id": "en-reindeer-en-verb-SB7XQCU9"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reindeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪndɪə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "reindeer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ahtna translations",
"Terms with Ainu translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Aleut translations",
"Terms with Alutor translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Atikamekw translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Chukchi translations",
"Terms with Cree translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Erzya translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Even translations",
"Terms with Evenki translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Inari Sami translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Inupiaq translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Itelmen translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Ket translations",
"Terms with Kildin Sami translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Tanana translations",
"Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Nanai translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Negidal translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Oroch translations",
"Terms with Oroqen translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Skolt Sami translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Southern Sami translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tanacross translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Tuvan translations",
"Terms with Udihe translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Ulch translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Reindeers"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "†R. t. eogroenlandicus",
"word": "Arctic reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. buskensis",
"word": "busk reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. fennicus",
"word": "Finnish forest reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. phylarchus",
"word": "Kamchatkan reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. tarandus",
"word": "mountain reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. pearsoni",
"word": "Novaya Zemlya reindeer"
},
{
"word": "reindeer calf"
},
{
"word": "reindeer corn"
},
{
"word": "reindeer games"
},
{
"word": "Reindeer Lake"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cladonia spp.",
"word": "reindeer lichen"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cladonia spp.",
"word": "reindeer moss"
},
{
"word": "reindeer spitz"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. valentinae",
"word": "Siberian forest reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. sibiricus",
"word": "Siberian tundra reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. platyrhynchus",
"word": "Svalbard reindeer"
},
{
"alt": "R. t. tarandus",
"word": "wild reindeer"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reyndere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reyndere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreindýri",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rendier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rentier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "German Rentier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rendjur",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rensdyr",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hrān",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrān (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reindeer",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "reindeer",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rein‧deer"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "caribou"
},
{
"word": "Blitzen"
},
{
"word": "Comet"
},
{
"word": "Cupid"
},
{
"word": "Dancer"
},
{
"word": "Dasher"
},
{
"word": "Donner"
},
{
"word": "Prancer"
},
{
"word": "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer"
},
{
"word": "Vixen"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:",
"text": "Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:",
"text": "Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies."
],
"links": [
[
"Arctic",
"Arctic"
],
[
"subarctic",
"subarctic"
],
[
"dwell",
"dwell"
],
[
"deer",
"deer"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"Rangifer tarandus",
"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual"
],
[
"subspecies",
"subspecies"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies."
],
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Biology"
],
"glosses": [
"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals."
],
"links": [
[
"biology",
"biology"
],
[
"ecotype",
"ecotype"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals."
],
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reindeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪndɪə(ɹ)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "aht",
"lang": "Ahtna",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "udzih"
},
{
"code": "ain",
"lang": "Ainu",
"roman": "tunakkay",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "トゥナッカィ"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "renë"
},
{
"code": "ale",
"lang": "Aleut",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "itx̂aygix̂"
},
{
"code": "alr",
"lang": "Alutor",
"roman": "quraŋa",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄураӈа"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "rana",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "رَنَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hyusisayin eġǰeru",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "հյուսիսային եղջերու"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "renu"
},
{
"code": "atj",
"lang": "Atikamekw",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "atikw"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "şimal maralı"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "elur-orein"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "paŭnóčny aljénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "паўно́чны але́нь"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "karv-erc'h"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "kirvi-erc'h"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "séveren elén",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́верен еле́н"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karíbu",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кари́бу"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"code": "chr",
"lang": "Cherokee",
"roman": "tsuyvtlv awi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xùnlù",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "驯鹿"
},
{
"code": "ckt",
"lang": "Chukchi",
"roman": "qoraṇy",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄораӈы"
},
{
"code": "cr",
"lang": "Cree",
"roman": "atihkw",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᐊᑎᐦᒄ"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sob"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rensdyr"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "rendier"
},
{
"code": "myv",
"lang": "Erzya",
"roman": "pučo",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "пучо"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rangifero"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "põhjapõder"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "poro (in Eurasia)"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"note": "in North America",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"code": "eve",
"lang": "Even",
"roman": "orȧn",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ора̇н"
},
{
"code": "eve",
"lang": "Even",
"roman": "orȧn",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ора̇н"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "oron",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "орон"
},
{
"code": "evn",
"lang": "Evenki",
"roman": "oron",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "орон"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reindýr"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reindjór"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdjór"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "species Rangifer tarandus",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "peura"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "poro (semi-domesticated)"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "North American subspecies",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "renne"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "caribou"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reno"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "črdiloetis iremi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ჩრდილოეთის ირემი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Ren"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rentier"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "tárandos",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τάρανδος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "tárandos",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "τάρανδος"
},
{
"code": "kl",
"lang": "Greenlandic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "renḍiyar",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "रेनडियर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rénszarvas"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "hreindýr"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rentiro"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America"
],
"word": "karibuo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "pohjan oleni"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ren"
},
{
"code": "iu",
"lang": "Inuktitut",
"roman": "tokto",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᑐᒃᑐ"
},
{
"code": "ik",
"lang": "Inupiaq",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuttu"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "réinfhia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "renna"
},
{
"code": "itl",
"lang": "Itelmen",
"roman": "qora",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ӄора"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tonakai",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "トナカイ"
},
{
"alt": "となかい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "tonakai",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"alt": "じゅんろく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "junroku",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"rare"
],
"word": "馴鹿"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "soltüstık būğy",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "солтүстік бұғы"
},
{
"code": "ket",
"lang": "Ket",
"roman": "selʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "сель"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "sullok",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "순록"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarandrus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tarandus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ziemeļbriedis"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šiaurinis elnias"
},
{
"code": "taa",
"lang": "Lower Tanana",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "bedzeyh"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Rendéier"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "irvas",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ирвас"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "rusa kutub"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "oron buhū",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "renetia"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "caa buga",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "цаа буга"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "buga",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "буга"
},
{
"code": "gld",
"lang": "Nanai",
"roman": "orōn",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро̄н"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "hakʼaz bįįh"
},
{
"code": "neg",
"lang": "Negidal",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ойон"
},
{
"code": "ykg",
"lang": "Northern Yukaghir",
"roman": "ile",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "илэ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdyr"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rein"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "reinsdyr"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rein"
},
{
"code": "oj",
"lang": "Ojibwe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "adik"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hrān"
},
{
"code": "non",
"lang": "Old Norse",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hreinn"
},
{
"code": "oac",
"lang": "Oroch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"code": "orh",
"lang": "Oroqen",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ɔrɔn"
},
{
"code": "orh",
"lang": "Oroqen",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "ɔrɔn"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "gavazn-e šomâli",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "گوزن شمالی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "renifer"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"neuter"
],
"word": "karibu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rena"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífer"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífero"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sévernyj olénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́верный оле́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "karíbu",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "кари́бу"
},
{
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "puásui"
},
{
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kodde"
},
{
"code": "sjd",
"lang": "Kildin",
"roman": "puaz",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "пуаз"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "boatsoj"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Northern"
],
"word": "boazu"
},
{
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "puäʒʒ"
},
{
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kââʹreǩ"
},
{
"code": "sms",
"lang": "Skolt-Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "kåʹdd"
},
{
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Southern"
],
"word": "bovtje"
},
{
"code": "sma",
"lang": "Lappsch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Southern"
],
"word": "bovtse"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadh Lochlannach"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiadh-sneachda"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "и̏рва̄с"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "со̏б"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "северни јелен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "сјеверни јелен"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "ȉrvās"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sȍb"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "severni jelen"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "sjeverni jelen"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sob"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "severni jelen"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reno"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rangífero"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"North-America",
"masculine"
],
"word": "caribú"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kulungu aktiki"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mbawala aktiki"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "ren"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "rendjur"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "reno"
},
{
"code": "tcb",
"lang": "Tanacross",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "wudzih"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gwaang rayn-dia",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "กวางเรนเดียร์"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "rayn-dia",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "เรนเดียร์"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "Ren geyiği"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"note": "سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus"
},
{
"code": "tyv",
"lang": "Tuvan",
"roman": "ivi",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "иви"
},
{
"code": "ude",
"lang": "Udihe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"code": "ude",
"lang": "Udihe",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оло"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pivníčnyj olénʹ",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "півні́чний оле́нь"
},
{
"code": "ulc",
"lang": "Ulch",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "оро"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"word": "tuần lộc"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "Rangifer tarandus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carw Llychlyn"
}
],
"word": "reindeer"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Ahtna translations",
"Terms with Ainu translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Aleut translations",
"Terms with Alutor translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Atikamekw translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cherokee translations",
"Terms with Chukchi translations",
"Terms with Cree translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Erzya translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Even translations",
"Terms with Evenki translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Greenlandic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Inari Sami translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Inuktitut translations",
"Terms with Inupiaq translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Itelmen translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Ket translations",
"Terms with Kildin Sami translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Lower Tanana translations",
"Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Nanai translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Negidal translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ojibwe translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Old Norse translations",
"Terms with Oroch translations",
"Terms with Oroqen translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Skolt Sami translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Southern Sami translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tanacross translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Tuvan translations",
"Terms with Udihe translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Ulch translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Reindeers"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reyndere"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reyndere",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "hreindýri",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "rendier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Rentier",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "German Rentier (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "rendjur",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "rensdyr",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hrān",
"t": "reindeer"
},
"expansion": "Old English hrān (“reindeer”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reindeers",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeering",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeered",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reindeered",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reindeer (third-person singular simple present reindeers, present participle reindeering, simple past and past participle reindeered)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rein‧deer"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To herd or farm reindeer"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪə/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reindeer.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪndɪə(ɹ)"
}
],
"word": "reindeer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for reindeer meaning in English (31.3kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag North-America not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425",
"msg": "reindeer/English/noun: 'word' should be a non-empty string (it is a mandatory field): {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"\\u0633\\u06cc\\u0628\\u0631 \\u0635\\u06cc\\u063a\\u06cc\\u0646\\u06cc (Siber s\\u0131\\u011f\\u0131n\\u0131, literally \\u201cSiberian deer\\u201d)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"†R. t. eogroenlandicus\", \"word\": \"Arctic reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. buskensis\", \"word\": \"busk reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. fennicus\", \"word\": \"Finnish forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. phylarchus\", \"word\": \"Kamchatkan reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"mountain reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. pearsoni\", \"word\": \"Novaya Zemlya reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer calf\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer corn\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer games\"}, {\"word\": \"Reindeer Lake\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer lichen\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cladonia spp.\", \"word\": \"reindeer moss\"}, {\"word\": \"reindeer spitz\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. valentinae\", \"word\": \"Siberian forest reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. sibiricus\", \"word\": \"Siberian tundra reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. platyrhynchus\", \"word\": \"Svalbard reindeer\"}, {\"alt\": \"R. t. tarandus\", \"word\": \"wild reindeer\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeer\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"reindeer\", \"2\": \"s\"}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (plural reindeer or reindeers)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"hyponyms\": [{\"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"word\": \"Blitzen\"}, {\"word\": \"Comet\"}, {\"word\": \"Cupid\"}, {\"word\": \"Dancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Dasher\"}, {\"word\": \"Donner\"}, {\"word\": \"Prancer\"}, {\"word\": \"Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer\"}, {\"word\": \"Vixen\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with usage examples\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Santa Claus' sleigh is supposedly pulled by eight reindeer\", \"type\": \"example\"}, {\"ref\": \"1768, D[aniel] Fenning, “LAPLAND”, in The Royal English Dictionary; or, A Treasury of the English Language, 3rd improved edition, London: Printed for R. Baldwin, Hawes and Co., T. Caslon, S. Crowder, J. Johnson, Wilson and Fell, Robinson and Roberts, and B. Collins, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Here is a prodigious number of wild beaſts, as ſtags, bears, wolves, foxes of various colours, martens, hares, glittens, beavers, otters, elk, and rein deer: the latter is leſs than a stag.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 2, archived from the original on 2016-04-13, page 98:\", \"text\": \"Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"links\": [[\"Arctic\", \"Arctic\"], [\"subarctic\", \"subarctic\"], [\"dwell\", \"dwell\"], [\"deer\", \"deer\"], [\"species\", \"species\"], [\"Rangifer tarandus\", \"Rangifer tarandus#Translingual\"], [\"subspecies\", \"subspecies\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeer) Any Arctic and subarctic-dwelling deer of the species Rangifer tarandus, with a number of subspecies.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"en:Biology\"], \"glosses\": [\"Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"links\": [[\"biology\", \"biology\"], [\"ecotype\", \"ecotype\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(plural: reindeers, biology) Any species, subspecies, ecotype, or other scientific grouping of such animals.\"], \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"topics\": [\"biology\", \"natural-sciences\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"aht\", \"lang\": \"Ahtna\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"udzih\"}, {\"code\": \"ain\", \"lang\": \"Ainu\", \"roman\": \"tunakkay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トゥナッカィ\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renë\"}, {\"code\": \"ale\", \"lang\": \"Aleut\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"itx̂aygix̂\"}, {\"code\": \"alr\", \"lang\": \"Alutor\", \"roman\": \"quraŋa\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄураӈа\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"rana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"رَنَة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"hyusisayin eġǰeru\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"հյուսիսային եղջերու\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renu\"}, {\"code\": \"atj\", \"lang\": \"Atikamekw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"atikw\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"şimal maralı\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"elur-orein\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"paŭnóčny aljénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"паўно́чны але́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"karv-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"], \"word\": \"kirvi-erc'h\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"séveren elén\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верен еле́н\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"chr\", \"lang\": \"Cherokee\", \"roman\": \"tsuyvtlv awi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᏧᏴᏢ ᎠᏫ\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"xùnlù\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"驯鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"ckt\", \"lang\": \"Chukchi\", \"roman\": \"qoraṇy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄораӈы\"}, {\"code\": \"cr\", \"lang\": \"Cree\", \"roman\": \"atihkw\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᐊᑎᐦᒄ\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rensdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"rendier\"}, {\"code\": \"myv\", \"lang\": \"Erzya\", \"roman\": \"pučo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пучо\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rangifero\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"usually\"], \"word\": \"põhjapõder\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (in Eurasia)\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"note\": \"in North America\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"eve\", \"lang\": \"Even\", \"roman\": \"orȧn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ора̇н\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"evn\", \"lang\": \"Evenki\", \"roman\": \"oron\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"орон\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reindjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdjór\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"species Rangifer tarandus\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"peura\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"poro (semi-domesticated)\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"english\": \"North American subspecies\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renne\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribou\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"črdiloetis iremi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ჩრდილოეთის ირემი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Ren\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rentier\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"tárandos\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"τάρανδος\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"renḍiyar\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"रेनडियर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rénszarvas\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"hreindýr\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rentiro\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\"], \"word\": \"karibuo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"pohjan oleni\"}, {\"code\": \"ia\", \"lang\": \"Interlingua\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"iu\", \"lang\": \"Inuktitut\", \"roman\": \"tokto\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᑐᒃᑐ\"}, {\"code\": \"ik\", \"lang\": \"Inupiaq\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuttu\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"réinfhia\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"renna\"}, {\"code\": \"itl\", \"lang\": \"Itelmen\", \"roman\": \"qora\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ӄора\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"トナカイ\"}, {\"alt\": \"となかい\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"tonakai\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"alt\": \"じゅんろく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"junroku\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"rare\"], \"word\": \"馴鹿\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"soltüstık būğy\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"солтүстік бұғы\"}, {\"code\": \"ket\", \"lang\": \"Ket\", \"roman\": \"selʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"сель\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"sullok\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"순록\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandrus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ziemeļbriedis\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šiaurinis elnias\"}, {\"code\": \"taa\", \"lang\": \"Lower Tanana\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"bedzeyh\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Rendéier\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"irvas\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ирвас\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"rusa kutub\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"oron buhū\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ᠣᡵᠣᠨ ᠪᡠᡥᡡ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"renetia\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"caa buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"цаа буга\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"buga\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"буга\"}, {\"code\": \"gld\", \"lang\": \"Nanai\", \"roman\": \"orōn\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро̄н\"}, {\"code\": \"nv\", \"lang\": \"Navajo\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"hakʼaz bįįh\"}, {\"code\": \"neg\", \"lang\": \"Negidal\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ойон\"}, {\"code\": \"ykg\", \"lang\": \"Northern Yukaghir\", \"roman\": \"ile\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"илэ\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"reinsdyr\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rein\"}, {\"code\": \"oj\", \"lang\": \"Ojibwe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"adik\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hrān\"}, {\"code\": \"non\", \"lang\": \"Old Norse\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"hreinn\"}, {\"code\": \"oac\", \"lang\": \"Oroch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"orh\", \"lang\": \"Oroqen\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"ɔrɔn\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"gavazn-e šomâli\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"گوزن شمالی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"renifer\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"karibu\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"rena\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífer\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"sévernyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"се́верный оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"karíbu\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"кари́бу\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puásui\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kodde\"}, {\"code\": \"sjd\", \"lang\": \"Kildin\", \"roman\": \"puaz\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"пуаз\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"boatsoj\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Northern\"], \"word\": \"boazu\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"puäʒʒ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kââʹreǩ\"}, {\"code\": \"sms\", \"lang\": \"Skolt-Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"kåʹdd\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtje\"}, {\"code\": \"sma\", \"lang\": \"Lappsch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Southern\"], \"word\": \"bovtse\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh Lochlannach\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"fiadh-sneachda\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"и̏рва̄с\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"со̏б\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"северни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сјеверни јелен\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ȉrvās\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sȍb\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sjeverni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sob\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"severni jelen\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"rangífero\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"North-America\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"caribú\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kulungu aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"mbawala aktiki\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"ren\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"rendjur\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"reno\"}, {\"code\": \"tcb\", \"lang\": \"Tanacross\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"wudzih\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"gwaang rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"กวางเรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"rayn-dia\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"เรนเดียร์\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"Ren geyiği\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"note\": \"سیبر صیغینی (Siber sığını, literally “Siberian deer”)\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"ivi\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"иви\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"ude\", \"lang\": \"Udihe\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оло\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"pivníčnyj olénʹ\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"півні́чний оле́нь\"}, {\"code\": \"ulc\", \"lang\": \"Ulch\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"оро\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"word\": \"tuần lộc\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"Rangifer tarandus\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"carw Llychlyn\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeering\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeered\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeered\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (third-person singular simple present reindeers, present participle reindeering, simple past and past participle reindeered)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"To herd or farm reindeer\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "reindeer/English/verb: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English indeclinable nouns\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English nouns with irregular plurals\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old Norse\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (subspecies)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Indonesian translations\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)\", \"Rhymes:English/eɪndɪə(ɹ)/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Ahtna translations\", \"Terms with Ainu translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Aleut translations\", \"Terms with Alutor translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Atikamekw translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Cherokee translations\", \"Terms with Chukchi translations\", \"Terms with Cree translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Erzya translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Even translations\", \"Terms with Evenki translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Interlingua translations\", \"Terms with Inuktitut translations\", \"Terms with Inupiaq translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Itelmen translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Ket translations\", \"Terms with Kildin Sami translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Lower Tanana translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nanai translations\", \"Terms with Navajo translations\", \"Terms with Negidal translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Northern Yukaghir translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Ojibwe translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Old Norse translations\", \"Terms with Oroch translations\", \"Terms with Oroqen translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Skolt Sami translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Southern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tanacross translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Udihe translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Ulch translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Reindeers\"], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"reyndere\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English reyndere\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"non\", \"3\": \"hreindýri\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"nl\", \"2\": \"rendier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Dutch rendier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"de\", \"2\": \"Rentier\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"German Rentier (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"sv\", \"2\": \"rendjur\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"da\", \"2\": \"rensdyr\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"hrān\", \"t\": \"reindeer\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English hrān (“reindeer”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English reyndere, reynder, rayne-dere, from Old Norse hreindýri (“reindeer”), from hreinn (“reindeer”) + dýr (“animal”). Compare Dutch rendier (“reindeer”), German Rentier (“reindeer”), Swedish rendjur (“reindeer”), Danish rensdyr (“reindeer”). Related also to displaced Old English hrān (“reindeer”). Unrelated to rein.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"reindeers\", \"tags\": [\"present\", \"singular\", \"third-person\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeering\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"present\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeered\", \"tags\": [\"participle\", \"past\"]}, {\"form\": \"reindeered\", \"tags\": [\"past\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"reindeer (third-person singular simple present reindeers, present participle reindeering, simple past and past participle reindeered)\", \"name\": \"en-verb\"}], \"hyphenation\": [\"rein‧deer\"], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"verb\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"To herd or farm reindeer\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪə/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈɹeɪndɪɹ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"audio\": \"en-us-reindeer.ogg\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg/En-us-reindeer.ogg.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-reindeer.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-eɪndɪə(ɹ)\"}], \"word\": \"reindeer\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "reindeer",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.