See cramp in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for cramp meaning in English (29.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "bather's cramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "brain cramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Daldinia concentrica",
"word": "cramp balls"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cramp bone"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cramp iron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "crampish"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "cramp ring"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "crampy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "menstrual cramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "musician's cramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "wanker's cramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "writer's cramp"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramps",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cramp (countable and uncountable, plural cramps)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "August 1534, Margaret Roper (or Thomas More in her name), letter to Alice Alington\nthe cramp also that divers nights gripeth him in his legs."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A painful contraction of a muscle which cannot be controlled."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-noun-sBb9Tedw",
"links": [
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"contraction",
"contraction"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ngërth"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "mäšämaḳäḳ",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "መሸማቀቅ"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tašannuj",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَشَنُّج"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaddun ʕaḍaliyy",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَدٌّ عَضَلِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sutarha",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сутарга"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "spazma",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спазма"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvaštane",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "схващане"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spazǎm",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спазъм"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rampa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cau¹ gan¹",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"alt": "兒",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"alt": "儿",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "křeč"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "lihaskramppi"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "suonenveto"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kouristus"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crampe"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cambra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breca"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krampf"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krámpa",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κράμπα"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "palamusug"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the stomach",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "busug"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the stomach",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "duklong"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the legs",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "palaminhod"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "görcs"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ilo",
"lang": "Ilocano",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "betteg"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "keram"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kejang"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "féith-chrapadh"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crampo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keiren",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "痙攣"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kaiambra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jwi",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "쥐"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pnix"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kejangan"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kuiki"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"english": "specific to the legs",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kaurapa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "hakoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "uauawhiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "parerori"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "uhu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kohukohu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kokohu"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "arn",
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "trekefün"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krampe"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krampe"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kelat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "polikat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "alibuegbueg"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kraump"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skurcz"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "cãibra"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crampă"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cârcel"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spazm",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спазм"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súdoroga",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́дорога"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "spazam"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grč"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kŕč"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krč"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calambre"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rampa"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "pulikat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtà-kriu",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "ตะคริว"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sudóma",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "судо́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgranfo"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgranf"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "chuột rút"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "vọp bẻ"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "banhod"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 2 1 2",
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "bikog"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"That which confines or contracts."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-noun-jJOruoZW",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "restraint"
},
{
"word": "shackle"
},
{
"word": "hindrance"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 98 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint, hindrance",
"word": "rajoite"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 98 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint, hindrance",
"word": "este"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A clamp for carpentry or masonry."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-noun-uExuhCux",
"links": [
[
"clamp",
"clamp"
],
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"masonry",
"masonry"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece of wood having a curve corresponding to that of the upper part of the instep, on which the upper leather of a boot is stretched to give it the requisite shape."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-noun-FFljBDOJ",
"links": [
[
"instep",
"instep"
],
[
"boot",
"boot"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"word": "lesti"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encospia"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encorpia"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"_dis1": "7 6 2 85",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stampo"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cramp someone's style"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramps",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cramping",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cramped",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cramped",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cramp (third-person singular simple present cramps, present participle cramping, simple past and past participle cramped)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"(of a muscle) To contract painfully and uncontrollably."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-pA~4MFzQ",
"links": [
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"uncontrollably",
"uncontrollable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) (of a muscle) To contract painfully and uncontrollably."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvaštam se",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "схващам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "paraliziram",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "парализирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "kouristaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "krampata"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "vetää suonta"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "krampfen"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "görcsöl"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "keram"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "kejang"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "paralizzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "contrarre"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "mengejang"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "parerori"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "hui"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tatax",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "татах"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "se crispa"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svodítʹ",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "своди́ть судорогой"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "grčiti se"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "acalambrarse"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvodyty",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зводити"
},
{
"_dis1": "87 5 7 0 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvesty",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "звести"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 8 3 10 9 10 10 10 13 10 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1936, Heinrich Hauser, Once Your Enemy (translated from the German by Norman Gullick)",
"text": "The collar of the tunic scratched my neck, the steel helmet made my head ache, and the puttees cramped my leg muscles."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To affect with cramps or spasms."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-F35jrpB~",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To affect with cramps or spasms."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 2 5 16 21 3 31 4 4 5 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 6 3 2 14 16 4 33 5 5 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You're cramping my style.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Austen Henry Layard, Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon",
"text": "But the front of the animal , which was in full , was narrow and cramped , and unequal in dignity to the side",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prohibit movement or expression of."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-b6WYMVqs",
"links": [
[
"prohibit",
"prohibit"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To prohibit movement or expression of."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spǎvam",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "спъвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preča",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "преча"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "rajoittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "bénít"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "gátol"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "paralizzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "inibire"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "bloccare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "atrofizzare"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stesnjatʹ",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "стеснять"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ograníčivatʹ",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "ограни́чивать"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 2 90 2 2 1 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "coartar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You're going to need to cramp the wheels on this hill."
},
{
"ref": "1633, John Ford, Perkin Warbeck",
"text": "when the gout cramps my joints",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To restrain to a specific physical position, as if with a cramp."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-USHx3Yrh",
"links": [
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To restrain to a specific physical position, as if with a cramp."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hvaštam sǎs skoba",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "хващам със скоба"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "lukita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "limitare"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fiksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "фикси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "ukočiti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 1 2 89 4 4 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "inmovilizar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 8 3 10 9 10 10 10 13 10 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To fasten or hold with, or as if with, a cramp iron."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-iNjLgSIw",
"links": [
[
"cramp iron",
"cramp iron"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 8 3 10 9 10 10 10 13 10 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1780, Edmund Burke, Principles in Politics",
"text": "The […] fabric of universal justice is well cramped and bolted together in all its parts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bind together; to unite."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-F~sbwuiE",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To bind together; to unite."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cramp boot legs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To form on a cramp."
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-verb-J-Z2PKlM"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cramp.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cramp",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cramp",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cramp (comparative more cramp, superlative most cramp)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 8 3 10 9 10 10 10 13 10 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "en:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, David Masson, The Life of John Milton",
"text": "[…] the result was those folio volumes of MSS. now in the British Museum, in which inquirers into the history of that period find so much interesting material in such a confused state and in such a dreadfully cramp handwriting.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cramped; narrow"
],
"id": "en-cramp-en-adj-1WAssrir",
"links": [
[
"cramped",
"cramped"
],
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) cramped; narrow"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cramp.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/æmp",
"Rhymes:English/æmp/1 syllable",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bather's cramp"
},
{
"word": "brain cramp"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Daldinia concentrica",
"word": "cramp balls"
},
{
"word": "cramp bone"
},
{
"word": "cramp iron"
},
{
"word": "crampish"
},
{
"word": "cramp ring"
},
{
"word": "crampy"
},
{
"word": "menstrual cramp"
},
{
"word": "musician's cramp"
},
{
"word": "wanker's cramp"
},
{
"word": "writer's cramp"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramps",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "cramp (countable and uncountable, plural cramps)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "August 1534, Margaret Roper (or Thomas More in her name), letter to Alice Alington\nthe cramp also that divers nights gripeth him in his legs."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A painful contraction of a muscle which cannot be controlled."
],
"links": [
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"contraction",
"contraction"
],
[
"muscle",
"muscle"
],
[
"control",
"control"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"That which confines or contracts."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "restraint"
},
{
"word": "shackle"
},
{
"word": "hindrance"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A clamp for carpentry or masonry."
],
"links": [
[
"clamp",
"clamp"
],
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"masonry",
"masonry"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A piece of wood having a curve corresponding to that of the upper part of the instep, on which the upper leather of a boot is stretched to give it the requisite shape."
],
"links": [
[
"instep",
"instep"
],
[
"boot",
"boot"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cramp.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ngërth"
},
{
"code": "am",
"lang": "Amharic",
"roman": "mäšämaḳäḳ",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "መሸማቀቅ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "tašannuj",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "تَشَنُّج"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "šaddun ʕaḍaliyy",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "شَدٌّ عَضَلِيّ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "sutarha",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сутарга"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "spazma",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спазма"
},
{
"code": "bcl",
"lang": "Bikol Central",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvaštane",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "схващане"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spazǎm",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спазъм"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rampa"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "cau¹ gan¹",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"alt": "兒",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"alt": "儿",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "抽筋"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "křeč"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramfo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramppi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "lihaskramppi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "suonenveto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kouristus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crampe"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cambra"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "breca"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krampf"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krámpa",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κράμπα"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "palamusug"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the stomach",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "busug"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the stomach",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "duklong"
},
{
"code": "hil",
"lang": "Hiligaynon",
"note": "of the legs",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "palaminhod"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "görcs"
},
{
"code": "ilo",
"lang": "Ilocano",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "betteg"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "keram"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kejang"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "féith-chrapadh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crampo"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keiren",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "痙攣"
},
{
"code": "kea",
"lang": "Kabuverdianu",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kaiambra"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jwi",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "쥐"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pnix"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kejangan"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kuiki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"english": "specific to the legs",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kaurapa"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "hakoko"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "uauawhiti"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "parerori"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "uhu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kohukohu"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kokohu"
},
{
"code": "arn",
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "trekefün"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krampe"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krampe"
},
{
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kelat"
},
{
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "polikat"
},
{
"code": "pag",
"lang": "Pangasinan",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "alibuegbueg"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Kraump"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "skurcz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "cãibra"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "crampă"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cârcel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "spazm",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "спазм"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "súdoroga",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́дорога"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "spazam"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "grč"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kŕč"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "krč"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calambre"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rampa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "pulikat"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "dtà-kriu",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "ตะคริว"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kramp"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "sudóma",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "судо́ма"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgranfo"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgranf"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "chuột rút"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "vọp bẻ"
},
{
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "kalambre"
},
{
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "banhod"
},
{
"code": "war",
"lang": "Waray-Waray",
"sense": "painful contraction of a muscle",
"word": "bikog"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint, hindrance",
"word": "rajoite"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "restraint, hindrance",
"word": "este"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"word": "lesti"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encospia"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "encorpia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "forma"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calco"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "piece of wood used to shape boot",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stampo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/æmp",
"Rhymes:English/æmp/1 syllable",
"en:Tools"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cramp someone's style"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cramps",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "cramping",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "cramped",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "cramped",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cramp (third-person singular simple present cramps, present participle cramping, simple past and past participle cramped)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"(of a muscle) To contract painfully and uncontrollably."
],
"links": [
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"painful",
"painful"
],
[
"uncontrollably",
"uncontrollable"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) (of a muscle) To contract painfully and uncontrollably."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1936, Heinrich Hauser, Once Your Enemy (translated from the German by Norman Gullick)",
"text": "The collar of the tunic scratched my neck, the steel helmet made my head ache, and the puttees cramped my leg muscles."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To affect with cramps or spasms."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To affect with cramps or spasms."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You're cramping my style.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1853, Austen Henry Layard, Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon",
"text": "But the front of the animal , which was in full , was narrow and cramped , and unequal in dignity to the side",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To prohibit movement or expression of."
],
"links": [
[
"prohibit",
"prohibit"
],
[
"movement",
"movement"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, figurative) To prohibit movement or expression of."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "You're going to need to cramp the wheels on this hill."
},
{
"ref": "1633, John Ford, Perkin Warbeck",
"text": "when the gout cramps my joints",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To restrain to a specific physical position, as if with a cramp."
],
"links": [
[
"restrain",
"restrain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To restrain to a specific physical position, as if with a cramp."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To fasten or hold with, or as if with, a cramp iron."
],
"links": [
[
"cramp iron",
"cramp iron"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1780, Edmund Burke, Principles in Politics",
"text": "The […] fabric of universal justice is well cramped and bolted together in all its parts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bind together; to unite."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) To bind together; to unite."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to cramp boot legs",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To form on a cramp."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cramp.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "shvaštam se",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "схващам се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "paraliziram",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "парализирам"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "kouristaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "krampata"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "vetää suonta"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "krampfen"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "görcsöl"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "keram"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "kejang"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "paralizzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "contrarre"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "mengejang"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "parerori"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "hui"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "tatax",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "татах"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "se crispa"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "svodítʹ",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "своди́ть судорогой"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "grčiti se"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"word": "acalambrarse"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvodyty",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "зводити"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zvesty",
"sense": "to contract painfully and uncontrollably",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "звести"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "spǎvam",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "спъвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "preča",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "преча"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "rajoittaa"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "bénít"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "gátol"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "paralizzare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "inibire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "bloccare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "atrofizzare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stesnjatʹ",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "стеснять"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ograníčivatʹ",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "ограни́чивать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to prohibit movement or expression",
"word": "coartar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "hvaštam sǎs skoba",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "хващам със скоба"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "lukita"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "limitare"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fiksírovatʹ",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "фикси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "ukočiti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to restrain to a specific physical position",
"word": "inmovilizar"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for review of Albanian translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Ido translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Rhymes:English/æmp",
"Rhymes:English/æmp/1 syllable",
"en:Tools"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "crampe"
},
"expansion": "Middle English crampe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "crampe",
"t": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Old French crampe (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krampa",
"4": "",
"5": "cramp"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krampa (“cramp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krampu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krampu",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krampō",
"t": "cramp, clasp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "crop"
},
"expansion": "English crop",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English crampe, from Old French crampe (“cramp”), from Frankish *krampa (“cramp”), from Proto-West Germanic *krampu, from Proto-Germanic *krampō (“cramp, clasp”). Distant relative of English crop.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more cramp",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most cramp",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cramp (comparative more cramp, superlative most cramp)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1871, David Masson, The Life of John Milton",
"text": "[…] the result was those folio volumes of MSS. now in the British Museum, in which inquirers into the history of that period find so much interesting material in such a confused state and in such a dreadfully cramp handwriting.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cramped; narrow"
],
"links": [
[
"cramped",
"cramped"
],
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) cramped; narrow"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɹæmp/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æmp"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cramp.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cramp.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cramp"
],
"word": "cramp"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.