"-able" meaning in English

See -able in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /ə.bl̩/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--able.wav [Southern-England]
Etymology: From Middle English -able, borrowed from Old French -able, from Latin -ābilis, from -a- or -i- + -bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”), from Proto-Indo-European i-stem form *-dʰli- of *-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”). Not closely related etymologically, though currently related semantically, to able. Displaced native Old English -endlīc. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-able}} Middle English -able, {{der|en|fro|-able}} Old French -able, {{der|en|la|-ābilis}} Latin -ābilis, {{m|la|-a-}} -a-, {{m|la|-i-}} -i-, {{m|la|-bilis||capable or worthy of being acted upon}} -bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”), {{der|en|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{m|ine-pro|*-dʰli-}} *-dʰli-, {{m|ine-pro|*-dʰlom||instrumental suffix}} *-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”), {{ncog|ang|-endlīc}} Old English -endlīc Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes|cat3=|head=|id=}} -able, {{en-suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes}} -able
  1. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
    Able to be done; fit to be done.
    Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -ible [idiomatic] Related terms: ability, -ability, able, -worthy Translations (able to be done): قابل لـ (qabil li-) (Arabic), قابل لـ (ʔabel le-) [Egyptian-Arabic] (Arabic), [-i] (Armenian), -able (Asturian), -able (Catalan), -ible (Catalan), -得 (-dak¹) (Chinese Cantonese), 可- (Chinese Mandarin), -adow (Cornish), -elný (Czech), -bar (Danish), -baar (Dutch), -abel (note: for words from Latin or Romance languages) (Dutch), -ebla (Esperanto), -tava (Finnish), -tävä (Finnish), -able (French), -ible (French), -able (Galician), -ábel (Galician), -ადი (-adi) (Georgian), -bar (German), -abel (note: for words from Latin or Romance languages) (German), योग्य (yogya) (Hindi), -ható (Hungarian), -hető (Hungarian), -ebla (Ido), -abile (Interlingua), -ibile (Interlingua), -abile (Italian), -ibile (Italian), -evole (Italian), -られる (-rareru) (Japanese), -ābilis (Latin), -bor [German-Low-German] (Low German), -ആവുന്ന (-āvunna) (Malayalam), -able (Middle English), -abel (Norwegian Bokmål), -bar (Norwegian Bokmål), -bar (Old Saxon), -پذیر (Persian), -alny (Polish), -elny (Polish), -ável (Portuguese), -ível (Portuguese), -bil (Romanian), -я́емый (-jájemyj) (Russian), -а́емый (-ájemyj) (Russian), -и́мый (-ímyj) (Russian), -ljiv (Slovene), -able (Spanish), -ible (Spanish), -bar (Swedish), -abel (Swedish), -bilir (Turkish), -adwy (Welsh) Translations (fit to be done): -baar (Dutch), -kelpoinen (Finnish), -tava (Finnish), -tävä (Finnish), -られる (-rareru) (Japanese), yn- (Manx), -able (Middle English), -abel (Norwegian Bokmål), -ável (Portuguese), -ível (Portuguese), -abel (Swedish)
    Sense id: en--able-en-suffix-ehcPw2lc Disambiguation of 'able to be done': 91 2 3 2 2 Disambiguation of 'fit to be done': 91 2 3 2 2
  2. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
    Relevant to or suitable to, in accordance with.
    Tags: morpheme Translations (relevant or suitable to, in accordance with): -kas (Finnish), -käs (Finnish), -abel (Norwegian Bokmål), -bil (Romanian), -abel (Swedish)
    Sense id: en--able-en-suffix-fITOIsGX Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Pages with raw sortkeys Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 13 37 13 13 25 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 17 32 16 16 19 Disambiguation of English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 12 40 11 11 25 Disambiguation of Pages with raw sortkeys: 13 28 13 13 22 5 6 Disambiguation of 'relevant or suitable to, in accordance with': 2 86 3 2 7
  3. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
    Giving, or inclined to.
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--able-en-suffix-JRdA2VHI
  4. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
    Subject to.
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--able-en-suffix-t4yqRgCA
  5. An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:
    Due to be.
    Tags: morpheme Translations (due to be): -tava (Finnish), -tävä (Finnish), -able (French), -bar (Norwegian Bokmål), -värd (Swedish)
    Sense id: en--able-en-suffix-pA4srHNZ Disambiguation of 'due to be': 1 1 1 1 98
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Translations (expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense): -tava (Finnish), -tävä (Finnish), -wert (German), -värd (Swedish)
Disambiguation of 'expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense': 20 20 20 20 20

Download JSON data for -able meaning in English (14.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-able"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -able",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-able"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -able",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ābilis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ābilis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-a-"
      },
      "expansion": "-a-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-i-"
      },
      "expansion": "-i-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-bilis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable or worthy of being acted upon"
      },
      "expansion": "-bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-dʰli-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-dʰli-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-dʰlom",
        "3": "",
        "4": "instrumental suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-endlīc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -endlīc",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -able, borrowed from Old French -able, from Latin -ābilis, from -a- or -i- + -bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”), from Proto-Indo-European i-stem form *-dʰli- of *-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”). Not closely related etymologically, though currently related semantically, to able. Displaced native Old English -endlīc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-able",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-able",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "movable: able to be moved"
        },
        {
          "text": "amendable: able to be amended"
        },
        {
          "text": "breakable: liable to broken"
        },
        {
          "text": "blamable: fit to be blamed"
        },
        {
          "text": "salable: fit to be sold"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Able to be done; fit to be done."
      ],
      "id": "en--able-en-suffix-ehcPw2lc",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ],
        [
          "Able",
          "able"
        ],
        [
          "done",
          "done"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "70 7 9 7 7",
          "word": "ability"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 7 9 7 7",
          "word": "-ability"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 7 9 7 7",
          "word": "able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 7 9 7 7",
          "word": "-worthy"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "69 7 9 7 7",
          "tags": [
            "idiomatic"
          ],
          "word": "-ible"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "qabil li-",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "قابل لـ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "arz",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔabel le-",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "tags": [
            "Egyptian-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "قابل لـ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "tags": [
            "-i"
          ],
          "word": "-ի"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ast",
          "lang": "Asturian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ible"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "-dak¹",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-得"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "可-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-adow"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-elný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-baar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "note": "for words from Latin or Romance languages",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ebla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-tava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-tävä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ible"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ábel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "-adi",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ადი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "note": "for words from Latin or Romance languages",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "yogya",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "योग्य"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ható"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-hető"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ebla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ia",
          "lang": "Interlingua",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ibile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ibile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-evole"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "-rareru",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-られる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ābilis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nds-de",
          "lang": "Low German",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "tags": [
            "German-Low-German"
          ],
          "word": "-bor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ml",
          "lang": "Malayalam",
          "roman": "-āvunna",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ആവുന്ന"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "osx",
          "lang": "Old Saxon",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-پذیر"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-alny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-elny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ável"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ível"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-jájemyj",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-я́емый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-ájemyj",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-а́емый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "-ímyj",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-и́мый"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ljiv"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-ible"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-bilir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "able to be done",
          "word": "-adwy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-baar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-kelpoinen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-tava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-tävä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "-rareru",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-られる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "yn-"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-ável"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-ível"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "91 2 3 2 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "fit to be done",
          "word": "-abel"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "13 37 13 13 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 32 16 16 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 40 11 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "13 28 13 13 22 5 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with raw sortkeys",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fashionable: relevant to fashion"
        },
        {
          "text": "seasonable: suitable to season"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Relevant to or suitable to, in accordance with."
      ],
      "id": "en--able-en-suffix-fITOIsGX",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 86 3 2 7",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
          "word": "-kas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 86 3 2 7",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
          "word": "-käs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 86 3 2 7",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
          "word": "-abel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 86 3 2 7",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
          "word": "-bil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 86 3 2 7",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
          "word": "-abel"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "pleasurable: giving pleasure"
        },
        {
          "text": "peaceable: inclined to peace"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Giving, or inclined to."
      ],
      "id": "en--able-en-suffix-JRdA2VHI",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "reportable: subject to be reported"
        },
        {
          "text": "taxable: subject to be taxed"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Subject to."
      ],
      "id": "en--able-en-suffix-t4yqRgCA",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "payable: due to be paid"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Due to be."
      ],
      "id": "en--able-en-suffix-pA4srHNZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 1 1 98",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "due to be",
          "word": "-tava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 1 1 98",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "due to be",
          "word": "-tävä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 1 1 98",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "due to be",
          "word": "-able"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 1 1 98",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "due to be",
          "word": "-bar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 1 1 98",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "due to be",
          "word": "-värd"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ə.bl̩/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--able.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "20 20 20 20 20",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-tava"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "20 20 20 20 20",
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-tävä"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "20 20 20 20 20",
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-wert"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "20 20 20 20 20",
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-värd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-able"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English adjective-forming suffixes",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English productive suffixes",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
    "Requests for review of German translations",
    "Requests for review of Italian translations",
    "Requests for review of Latin translations",
    "Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
    "Requests for review of Romanian translations",
    "Requests for review of Welsh translations",
    "Requests for review of West Frisian translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-able"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -able",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "-able"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French -able",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-ābilis"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -ābilis",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-a-"
      },
      "expansion": "-a-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-i-"
      },
      "expansion": "-i-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-bilis",
        "3": "",
        "4": "capable or worthy of being acted upon"
      },
      "expansion": "-bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-dʰli-"
      },
      "expansion": "*-dʰli-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*-dʰlom",
        "3": "",
        "4": "instrumental suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "*-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-endlīc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -endlīc",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -able, borrowed from Old French -able, from Latin -ābilis, from -a- or -i- + -bilis (“capable or worthy of being acted upon”), from Proto-Indo-European i-stem form *-dʰli- of *-dʰlom (“instrumental suffix”). Not closely related etymologically, though currently related semantically, to able. Displaced native Old English -endlīc.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-able",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-able",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "ability"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ability"
    },
    {
      "word": "able"
    },
    {
      "word": "-worthy"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "movable: able to be moved"
        },
        {
          "text": "amendable: able to be amended"
        },
        {
          "text": "breakable: liable to broken"
        },
        {
          "text": "blamable: fit to be blamed"
        },
        {
          "text": "salable: fit to be sold"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Able to be done; fit to be done."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ],
        [
          "Able",
          "able"
        ],
        [
          "done",
          "done"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fashionable: relevant to fashion"
        },
        {
          "text": "seasonable: suitable to season"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Relevant to or suitable to, in accordance with."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "pleasurable: giving pleasure"
        },
        {
          "text": "peaceable: inclined to peace"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Giving, or inclined to."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "reportable: subject to be reported"
        },
        {
          "text": "taxable: subject to be taxed"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Subject to."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "payable: due to be paid"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An adjectival suffix; forms adjectives meaning:",
        "Due to be."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adjectival",
          "adjectival#English"
        ],
        [
          "suffix",
          "suffix#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ə.bl̩/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl--able.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cb/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl--able.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic"
      ],
      "word": "-ible"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "qabil li-",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "قابل لـ"
    },
    {
      "code": "arz",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔabel le-",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "tags": [
        "Egyptian-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "قابل لـ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "tags": [
        "-i"
      ],
      "word": "-ի"
    },
    {
      "code": "ast",
      "lang": "Asturian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ible"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "-dak¹",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-得"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "可-"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-adow"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-elný"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-baar"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "note": "for words from Latin or Romance languages",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ebla"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-tava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-tävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ible"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ábel"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "-adi",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ადი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "note": "for words from Latin or Romance languages",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "yogya",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "योग्य"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ható"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-hető"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ebla"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abile"
    },
    {
      "code": "ia",
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ibile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ibile"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-evole"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "-rareru",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-られる"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ābilis"
    },
    {
      "code": "nds-de",
      "lang": "Low German",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "tags": [
        "German-Low-German"
      ],
      "word": "-bor"
    },
    {
      "code": "ml",
      "lang": "Malayalam",
      "roman": "-āvunna",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ആവുന്ന"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "osx",
      "lang": "Old Saxon",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-پذیر"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-alny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-elny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ável"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ível"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-jájemyj",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-я́емый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-ájemyj",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-а́емый"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "-ímyj",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-и́мый"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ljiv"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-ible"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-bilir"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "able to be done",
      "word": "-adwy"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-baar"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-kelpoinen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-tava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-tävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "-rareru",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-られる"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "yn-"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-ável"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-ível"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "fit to be done",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
      "word": "-kas"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
      "word": "-käs"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
      "word": "-bil"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "relevant or suitable to, in accordance with",
      "word": "-abel"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-tava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-tävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-wert"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "expressing capacity or worthiness in a passive sense",
      "word": "-värd"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "due to be",
      "word": "-tava"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "due to be",
      "word": "-tävä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "due to be",
      "word": "-able"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "due to be",
      "word": "-bar"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "due to be",
      "word": "-värd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-able"
}
{
  "called_from": "translations/324",
  "msg": "possible sense number in translation item: Dutch: (before the infinitive) te (nl) (5)",
  "path": [
    "-able"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-able",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (82c8ff9 and f4967a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.