See ἕως in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ἕως meaning in Ancient Greek (16.9kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἕω",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ ἕως",
"roman": "hē héōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς ἕω",
"roman": "tês héō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ ἕῳ",
"roman": "têi héōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν ἕω",
"roman": "tḕn héō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἕως",
"roman": "héōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἕω",
"2": "f",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs) f (genitive ἕω); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἕως",
"2": "ἕω",
"AS": "ἕω",
"form": "F-S"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "ēṓs",
"word": "ἠώς"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Attic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For he thought that the king would come with his army the next morning to fight.",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.7.1",
"roman": "edókei gàr eis tḕn epioûsan héō hḗxein basiléa sùn tôi strateúmati makhoúmenon",
"text": "ἐδόκει γὰρ εἰς τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἕω ἥξειν βασιλέα σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι μαχούμενον"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Attic form of ἠώς (ēṓs)"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-noun-grc:dawn",
"links": [
[
"ἠώς",
"ἠώς#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"senseid": [
"grc:dawn"
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"4": "*yeh₂wot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "यावत्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot. Cognates include Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "subordinating conjunctions",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 56 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 42 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 59 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Epic Greek",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.342, (compare Odyssey 5.123)"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 225, (compare Aeschylus, The Persians 428.464)"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 506B, (compare Cratylus 396C)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till",
"of a fact in past time"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj-gEkeBybt",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with indicative) of a fact in past time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.291, (compare 24.183)"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 810"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 555"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 147"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 764"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj--WFL8b91",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with subjunctive, relating to an uncertain event in the future)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"relating to an uncertain event in the future",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.386, (compare 9.376)"
},
{
"text": "405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 766"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 59D"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.78"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 101D, (compare Sophocles, Women of Trachis 687)"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.386"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.800"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.367"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj--WFL8b911",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with optative, relating to an uncertain event in the past)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"relating to an uncertain event in the past",
"with optative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj--WFL8b911",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"qualifier": "only in late authors",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with infinitive, only in late authors)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.1.25"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.143"
},
{
"text": "70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 1:24"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.108"
},
{
"text": "New Testament, First Epistle of John 2:9"
},
{
"text": "50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 23:5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj--WFL8b911",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(with single words, mostly of adverbs of time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of adverbs of time",
"with single words",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Palatine Anthology 5.201"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.11.14"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj--WFL8b911",
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(with single words, mostly of adverbs of time)",
"(with a preposition)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a preposition",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"of adverbs of time",
"with single words"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1435"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 85B"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj-LygxIVJf",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as",
"(in Attic, with subjunctive)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Attic",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 155A"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj-LygxIVJf1",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as",
"(with optative, in case of repeated action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of repeated action",
"with optative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.315, (compare 17.358)"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 1026"
},
{
"text": "472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 710"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.40"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.90"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.328"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.15"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.507"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.41"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.193"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.120"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-conj-LygxIVJf1",
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heíōs",
"word": "εἵως"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heîos",
"word": "εἷος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hêos",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "ἧος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hás",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "ᾰ̔́ς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Doric"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hâōs",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "ἇως"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"4": "*yeh₂wot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "यावत्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot. Cognates include Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "grc-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.142"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.143"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.277"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.148"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.126"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for a time, like τέως (téōs)"
],
"id": "en-ἕως-grc-adv-Hb7Cbadc",
"links": [
[
"τέως",
"τέως#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "τίς"
},
{
"word": "τις"
},
{
"word": "ἔνιοι"
},
{
"word": "†ὁ"
},
{
"word": "οὗτος"
},
{
"word": "ὅδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖνος"
},
{
"word": "ὅς"
},
{
"word": "ὅστις"
},
{
"alt": "αὑτός",
"word": "ὁ αὐτός"
},
{
"word": "ὁμός"
},
{
"word": "ἕτερος"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλος"
},
{
"word": "πότερος"
},
{
"word": "ποτερός"
},
{
"word": "ὁπότερος"
},
{
"word": "ποῖος"
},
{
"word": "ποιός"
},
{
"word": "†τοῖος"
},
{
"word": "τοιοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τοιόσδε"
},
{
"word": "οἷος"
},
{
"word": "ὁποῖος"
},
{
"word": "ὅμοιος"
},
{
"word": "ἑτεροῖος"
},
{
"word": "ἀλλοῖος"
},
{
"word": "πόσος"
},
{
"word": "ποσός"
},
{
"word": "†τόσος"
},
{
"word": "τοσοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τοσόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ὅσος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόσος"
},
{
"word": "πῶς"
},
{
"word": "πως"
},
{
"word": "†τώς"
},
{
"word": "†ὥς"
},
{
"word": "οὕτως"
},
{
"word": "ὧδε"
},
{
"word": "ὡς"
},
{
"word": "ὅπως"
},
{
"word": "ὁμῶς"
},
{
"word": "ἑτέρως"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλως"
},
{
"word": "πῇ"
},
{
"word": "πῃ"
},
{
"word": "τῇ"
},
{
"word": "ταύτῃ"
},
{
"word": "τῇδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκείνῃ"
},
{
"word": "ᾗ"
},
{
"word": "ὅπῃ"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλῃ"
},
{
"word": "ποῦ"
},
{
"word": "†πόθι"
},
{
"word": "που"
},
{
"word": "†ποθι"
},
{
"word": "ἐνταῦθα"
},
{
"word": "ἐνθάδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖ"
},
{
"word": "ἔνθα"
},
{
"word": "†ἐκεῖθι"
},
{
"word": "οὗ"
},
{
"word": "†ὅθι"
},
{
"word": "ὅπου"
},
{
"word": "†ὁπόθι"
},
{
"word": "αὐτόθι"
},
{
"word": "ὁμοῦ"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοθι"
},
{
"word": "πόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ποθεν"
},
{
"word": "†τόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἔνθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἐντεῦθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἐνθένδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖθεν"
},
{
"word": "ὅθεν"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόθεν"
},
{
"word": "†ὁμόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοθεν"
},
{
"word": "ποῖ"
},
{
"word": "†πόσε"
},
{
"word": "ποι"
},
{
"word": "δεῦρο"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖσε"
},
{
"word": "οἷ"
},
{
"word": "ὅποι"
},
{
"word": "†ὁπόσε"
},
{
"word": "αὐτόσε"
},
{
"word": "ὁμόσε"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοσε"
},
{
"word": "πότε"
},
{
"word": "πῆμος"
},
{
"word": "ποτέ"
},
{
"word": "ποτε"
},
{
"word": "τοτέ"
},
{
"word": "ἐνίοτε"
},
{
"word": "τότε"
},
{
"word": "τῆμος"
},
{
"word": "τημόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ὅτε"
},
{
"word": "ἦμος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπότε"
},
{
"word": "†ὁππῆμος"
},
{
"word": "ἅμα"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοτε"
},
{
"word": "πηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "†τηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "τηνικαῦτα"
},
{
"word": "τηνικάδε"
},
{
"word": "ἡνίκα"
},
{
"word": "ὁπηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "αὐτίκα"
},
{
"word": "τέως"
},
{
"word": "πηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "†τηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "τηλικοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τηλικόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ἡλίκος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "ὁμῆλιξ"
},
{
"word": "ποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ποσίνδα"
},
{
"word": "τουτάκις"
},
{
"word": "τοσάκις"
},
{
"word": "†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ὁποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ποσαπλάσιος"
},
{
"word": "ὁσαπλάσιος"
},
{
"word": "ὁσαπλασίων"
},
{
"word": "πόστος"
},
{
"word": "ποστός"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόστος"
},
{
"word": "† Forms rarely"
},
{
"word": "never used in Classical Attic proseRelative also used in exclamations"
},
{
"word": "either relative"
},
{
"word": "indefinite relative used in indirect questions"
}
],
"tags": [
"Epic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heíōs",
"word": "εἵως"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "heîos",
"word": "εἷος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hêos",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "ἧος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hás",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "ᾰ̔́ς"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "Doric"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "hâōs",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "ἇως"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adverbs",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns",
"Ancient Greek feminine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek subordinating conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Epic Greek"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ἕω",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ ἕως",
"roman": "hē héōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς ἕω",
"roman": "tês héō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ ἕῳ",
"roman": "têi héōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν ἕω",
"roman": "tḕn héō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἕως",
"roman": "héōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἕω",
"2": "f",
"3": "second"
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs) f (genitive ἕω); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ἕως",
"2": "ἕω",
"AS": "ἕω",
"form": "F-S"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "ēṓs",
"word": "ἠώς"
}
],
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with quotations",
"Attic Greek"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "For he thought that the king would come with his army the next morning to fight.",
"ref": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.7.1",
"roman": "edókei gàr eis tḕn epioûsan héō hḗxein basiléa sùn tôi strateúmati makhoúmenon",
"text": "ἐδόκει γὰρ εἰς τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἕω ἥξειν βασιλέα σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι μαχούμενον"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Attic form of ἠώς (ēṓs)"
],
"links": [
[
"ἠώς",
"ἠώς#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"senseid": [
"grc:dawn"
],
"tags": [
"Attic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adverbs",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek subordinating conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Epic Greek"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"4": "*yeh₂wot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "यावत्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot. Cognates include Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "subordinating conjunctions",
"head": "",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "s"
},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.342, (compare Odyssey 5.123)"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 225, (compare Aeschylus, The Persians 428.464)"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 506B, (compare Cratylus 396C)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till",
"of a fact in past time"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with indicative) of a fact in past time"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.291, (compare 24.183)"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 810"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 555"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 147"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 764"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with subjunctive, relating to an uncertain event in the future)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"relating to an uncertain event in the future",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.386, (compare 9.376)"
},
{
"text": "405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 766"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 59D"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.78"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 101D, (compare Sophocles, Women of Trachis 687)"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 5.386"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.800"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 19.367"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with optative, relating to an uncertain event in the past)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"relating to an uncertain event in the past",
"with optative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Antiquitates Romanae"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"qualifier": "only in late authors",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(as a temporal conjunction)",
"(with infinitive, only in late authors)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"as a temporal conjunction"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.1.25"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.143"
},
{
"text": "70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 1:24"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.108"
},
{
"text": "New Testament, First Epistle of John 2:9"
},
{
"text": "50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of Luke 23:5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(with single words, mostly of adverbs of time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of adverbs of time",
"with single words",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "Palatine Anthology 5.201"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.11.14"
}
],
"glosses": [
"until, till"
],
"links": [
[
"until",
"until"
],
[
"till",
"till"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"until, till",
"(with single words, mostly of adverbs of time)",
"(with a preposition)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a preposition",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes",
"of adverbs of time",
"with single words"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 1435"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 85B"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as",
"(in Attic, with subjunctive)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in Attic",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative",
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 155A"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as",
"(with optative, in case of repeated action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of repeated action",
"with optative",
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 13.315, (compare 17.358)"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 1026"
},
{
"text": "472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 710"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.40"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.90"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.328"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 18.15"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.507"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.41"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.193"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.120"
}
],
"glosses": [
"while, as long as"
],
"links": [
[
"while",
"while"
]
],
"qualifier": "mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer",
"raw_glosses": [
"(relative particle, used to express the point of time up to which an action goes)",
"(mostly at the beginning of a verse in Homer) while, as long as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"used to express the point of time up to which an action goes"
],
"tags": [
"particle",
"relative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "heíōs",
"word": "εἵως"
},
{
"roman": "heîos",
"word": "εἷος"
},
{
"roman": "hêos",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "ἧος"
},
{
"roman": "hás",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "ᾰ̔́ς"
},
{
"word": "Doric"
},
{
"roman": "hâōs",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "ἇως"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek adverbs",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek subordinating conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"Epic Greek"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yós",
"4": "*yeh₂wot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "यावत्"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂wot. Cognates include Sanskrit यावत् (yāvat).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "héōs",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ἕως • (héōs)",
"name": "grc-adverb"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"word": "τίς"
},
{
"word": "τις"
},
{
"word": "ἔνιοι"
},
{
"word": "†ὁ"
},
{
"word": "οὗτος"
},
{
"word": "ὅδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖνος"
},
{
"word": "ὅς"
},
{
"word": "ὅστις"
},
{
"alt": "αὑτός",
"word": "ὁ αὐτός"
},
{
"word": "ὁμός"
},
{
"word": "ἕτερος"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλος"
},
{
"word": "πότερος"
},
{
"word": "ποτερός"
},
{
"word": "ὁπότερος"
},
{
"word": "ποῖος"
},
{
"word": "ποιός"
},
{
"word": "†τοῖος"
},
{
"word": "τοιοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τοιόσδε"
},
{
"word": "οἷος"
},
{
"word": "ὁποῖος"
},
{
"word": "ὅμοιος"
},
{
"word": "ἑτεροῖος"
},
{
"word": "ἀλλοῖος"
},
{
"word": "πόσος"
},
{
"word": "ποσός"
},
{
"word": "†τόσος"
},
{
"word": "τοσοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τοσόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ὅσος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόσος"
},
{
"word": "πῶς"
},
{
"word": "πως"
},
{
"word": "†τώς"
},
{
"word": "†ὥς"
},
{
"word": "οὕτως"
},
{
"word": "ὧδε"
},
{
"word": "ὡς"
},
{
"word": "ὅπως"
},
{
"word": "ὁμῶς"
},
{
"word": "ἑτέρως"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλως"
},
{
"word": "πῇ"
},
{
"word": "πῃ"
},
{
"word": "τῇ"
},
{
"word": "ταύτῃ"
},
{
"word": "τῇδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκείνῃ"
},
{
"word": "ᾗ"
},
{
"word": "ὅπῃ"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλῃ"
},
{
"word": "ποῦ"
},
{
"word": "†πόθι"
},
{
"word": "που"
},
{
"word": "†ποθι"
},
{
"word": "ἐνταῦθα"
},
{
"word": "ἐνθάδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖ"
},
{
"word": "ἔνθα"
},
{
"word": "†ἐκεῖθι"
},
{
"word": "οὗ"
},
{
"word": "†ὅθι"
},
{
"word": "ὅπου"
},
{
"word": "†ὁπόθι"
},
{
"word": "αὐτόθι"
},
{
"word": "ὁμοῦ"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοθι"
},
{
"word": "πόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ποθεν"
},
{
"word": "†τόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἔνθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἐντεῦθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἐνθένδε"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖθεν"
},
{
"word": "ὅθεν"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόθεν"
},
{
"word": "†ὁμόθεν"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοθεν"
},
{
"word": "ποῖ"
},
{
"word": "†πόσε"
},
{
"word": "ποι"
},
{
"word": "δεῦρο"
},
{
"word": "ἐκεῖσε"
},
{
"word": "οἷ"
},
{
"word": "ὅποι"
},
{
"word": "†ὁπόσε"
},
{
"word": "αὐτόσε"
},
{
"word": "ὁμόσε"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοσε"
},
{
"word": "πότε"
},
{
"word": "πῆμος"
},
{
"word": "ποτέ"
},
{
"word": "ποτε"
},
{
"word": "τοτέ"
},
{
"word": "ἐνίοτε"
},
{
"word": "τότε"
},
{
"word": "τῆμος"
},
{
"word": "τημόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ὅτε"
},
{
"word": "ἦμος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπότε"
},
{
"word": "†ὁππῆμος"
},
{
"word": "ἅμα"
},
{
"word": "ἄλλοτε"
},
{
"word": "πηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "†τηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "τηνικαῦτα"
},
{
"word": "τηνικάδε"
},
{
"word": "ἡνίκα"
},
{
"word": "ὁπηνίκα"
},
{
"word": "αὐτίκα"
},
{
"word": "τέως"
},
{
"word": "πηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "†τηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "τηλικοῦτος"
},
{
"word": "τηλικόσδε"
},
{
"word": "ἡλίκος"
},
{
"word": "ὁπηλίκος"
},
{
"word": "ὁμῆλιξ"
},
{
"word": "ποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ποσίνδα"
},
{
"word": "τουτάκις"
},
{
"word": "τοσάκις"
},
{
"word": "†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ὁποσάκις"
},
{
"word": "ποσαπλάσιος"
},
{
"word": "ὁσαπλάσιος"
},
{
"word": "ὁσαπλασίων"
},
{
"word": "πόστος"
},
{
"word": "ποστός"
},
{
"word": "ὁπόστος"
},
{
"word": "† Forms rarely"
},
{
"word": "never used in Classical Attic proseRelative also used in exclamations"
},
{
"word": "either relative"
},
{
"word": "indefinite relative used in indirect questions"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.142"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.143"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.277"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.148"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 3.126"
}
],
"glosses": [
"for a time, like τέως (téōs)"
],
"links": [
[
"τέως",
"τέως#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"tags": [
"Epic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hé.ɔːs/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈ(h)e.os/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈe.os/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "heíōs",
"word": "εἵως"
},
{
"roman": "heîos",
"word": "εἷος"
},
{
"roman": "hêos",
"tags": [
"Epic"
],
"word": "ἧος"
},
{
"roman": "hás",
"tags": [
"Aeolic"
],
"word": "ᾰ̔́ς"
},
{
"word": "Doric"
},
{
"roman": "hâōs",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "ἇως"
}
],
"word": "ἕως"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.