See saffron on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Lyperia crocea",
"word": "African saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "American saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Cassine peragua",
"word": "bastard saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Cape saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "dyer's saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "false saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Curcuma zedoaria",
"word": "Indian saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "iron saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "meadow-saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Colchicum autumnale",
"word": "meadow saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Crocus sativus",
"word": "Persian saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Crocus sativus",
"word": "saffrom crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Arremon flavirostris",
"word": "saffron-billed sparrow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Eriogonum crocatum",
"word": "saffron buckwheat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Eleginus gracilis",
"word": "saffron cod"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Xanthospar flavus",
"word": "saffron-cowled blackbird"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffron crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Sicalis flaveola",
"word": "saffron finch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pyrilia pyrilia",
"word": "saffron-headed parrot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffronization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffronize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffronlike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffron milk cap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Lactarius deliciosus",
"word": "saffron milkcap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"alt": "Bumelia angustifolia",
"word": "saffron plum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffron shadow dancer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Spinus siemiradzkii",
"word": "saffron siskin"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Aphelandra squarrosa",
"word": "saffron spike"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffron terror"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Pteroglossus bailloni",
"word": "saffron toucanet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Chrysophyllum monopyrenum",
"word": "saffron tree"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Saffron Walden"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Elaeodendron croceum",
"word": "saffron wood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffrony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "saffron yellow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Rumex acetosella",
"word": "sheep saffron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "thistle saffron"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "サフラン",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "safuran"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "사프란",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saffron",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saffrons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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},
"expansion": "saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)",
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}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "safflower"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "safranine"
}
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{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:",
"text": "Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-noun-en:plant",
"links": [
[
"Crocus sativus",
"Crocus sativus#Translingual"
],
[
"crocus",
"crocus"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:plant"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 21 12 13 6 27 6 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dyes",
"orig": "en:Dyes",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Pigments",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Colors",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Fundamental",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Perception",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 29 27 1 19 10 3 3 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Seasonings",
"orig": "en:Seasonings",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 25 37 1 16 5 4 4 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Spices",
"orig": "en:Spices",
"parents": [
"Spices and herbs",
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye."
},
{
"ref": "2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:",
"text": "Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:",
"text": "Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:",
"text": "Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-noun-en:spice",
"links": [
[
"spice",
"spice"
],
[
"seasoning",
"seasoning"
],
[
"stigma",
"stigma"
],
[
"style",
"style"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:spice"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kesar"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfrān",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "zəfəran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kumku.mam",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ကုံကုမံ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "番紅花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "番红花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "kukun̊",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ކުކުން"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "sahrami"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇viteli q̇vavili",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ყვითელი ყვავილი"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zaprana",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ზაფრანა"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zaforá",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ζαφορά"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "ka-na-ko",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐀏𐀙𐀒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "rai",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐁉"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐂔"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "કેસર"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "keloko"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זְעַפְרָן"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kuma-kuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cróch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "サフラン"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "koma-koma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kuma-kuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kumkuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żagħfran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "keśar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केशर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "keśar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केशर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferân",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਕੇਸਰ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kesara",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "kuṁkuma",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "කුංකුම"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "zafarani"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "asapran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kuṅkumappū",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "குங்குமப்பூ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kuṅkumapuvvu",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "కుంకుమపువ్వు"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saffrwm"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saffrwn"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferâni",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "زعفرانی"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 95 2",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "کیسریا"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 21 12 13 6 27 6 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dyes",
"orig": "en:Dyes",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Pigments",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Colors",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Fundamental",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Perception",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 11 39 13 8 7 5 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Yellows",
"orig": "en:Yellows",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "saffron:"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:",
"text": "[…] The stately Ram\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\nOr milder Saffron […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:",
"text": "These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:",
"text": "The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:",
"text": "On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-noun-jnsf9G6H",
"links": [
[
"orange",
"orange"
],
[
"yellow",
"yellow"
],
[
"colour",
"colour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saffron yellow"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jarkožǎlt",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "яркожълт"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "藏紅花色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "藏红花色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "sahraminkeltainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zapranis peri",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "ზაფრანის ფერი"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Safranfarbe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Safrangelb"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vathykítrino",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βαθυκίτρινο"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhagvā",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भगवा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "sáfránysárga"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran-iro",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "サフラン色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "(kolor) szafranowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "rangi ya zafarani"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "کیسریا"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 21 79",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safranayelov"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfɹən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfɹən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krrokull"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfrān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "zəfəran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kumku.mam",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ကုံကုမံ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "safranera"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "番紅花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fān hóng huā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "番红花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "藏紅花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zànghónghuā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "藏红花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "西紅花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "西红花"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "dar",
"lang": "Dargwa",
"roman": "zaʿpiran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "загӏпиран"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "saffraankrokus"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "maustesahrami"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafaran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zaprana",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ზაფრანა"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "ka-na-ko",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐀏𐀙𐀒"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐂔"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "rai",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐁉"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "keloko"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kuṅkum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुंकुम"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kumkum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुमकुम"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zāfrān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ज़ाफ़रान"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "サフラン"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "rɔɔrɔmiət",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "រមៀត"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nyā fan",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safranum"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "żagħfran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "gürgem",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "гүргэм"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrankrokus"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrankrokus"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferân",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "krokus"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ẓafarân"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kuṅkuma",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुङ्कुम"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "mzafarani"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kuṅkumappū",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "குங்குமப்பூ"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ya faran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "หญ้าฝรั่น"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کیسر"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "za'farān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "croco"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "zafran"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "nghệ tây"
},
{
"_dis1": "52 48 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safranakrok"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saffron",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
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"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Thomas Heywood, Gynaikeion: or, Nine Bookes of Various History. Concerninge women inscribed by the names of the nine Muses, London, Book 3, “A Funerall Oade vpon the death of Anna Panareta” p. 123, Now Hymen change thy saffron weedes To roabe and habit sable",
"roman": "Since nothing’s firme or stable;",
"text": "For ioyfull thoughts, vse funerall deedes"
},
{
"text": "1794, Ann Radcliffe, The Mysteries of Udolpho, London: G.G. & J. Robinson, Volume 1, Chapter 9, p. 256,\nThe sun was now set; but, under the dark branches of the almond trees, was seen the saffron glow of the west, spreading beyond the twilight of middle air."
},
{
"ref": "1876, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter 40, in Daniel Deronda, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] it was half-past four, and the gray day was dying gloriously, its western clouds all broken into narrowing purple strata before a wide-spreading saffron clearness […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Part 1, Chapter 2:",
"text": "The jacket was brown but had turned saffron where it had been soaked by Lal’s sweat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having an orange-yellow colour."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-adj-U8krH0qc",
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jarkožǎlt",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "яркожълт"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "sahraminkeltainen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safrangelb"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safranfarbig"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "szafranowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "açafroado"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "șofrăniu"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafránnyj",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "шафра́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafránovyj",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "шафра́новый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "de azafrán"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "saffransfärgad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "saffransgul"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "کیسریا"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safranayelovik"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
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]
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{
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"word": "saffron"
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
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"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
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{
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},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saffrons",
"tags": [
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"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saffroning",
"tags": [
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"present"
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},
{
"form": "saffroned",
"tags": [
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"past"
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{
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"tags": [
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}
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"head_templates": [
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autumn crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crocein"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crocoite"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "curcuma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kumkum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "colchicum"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crocus bag"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "crocus sack"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "turmeric"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 29 27 1 19 10 3 3 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Seasonings",
"orig": "en:Seasonings",
"parents": [
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"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "saffroned water, saffroned rice",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1559, Conrad Gesner, “Of certain other Aromatical wynes”, in Peter Morwen, transl., The Treasure of Euonymus, London: John Day, page 407:",
"text": "Saffrond wyne bryngeth mirthe, and taketh away Melancholines […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Robert Browning, “Two Camels”, in Ferishtah’s Fancies, London: Smith, Elder, page 70:",
"text": "Well-saffroned was that barley-soup!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add saffron to (a food), for taste, colour etc."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-verb-UL9diI5Z",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add saffron to",
"word": "azafranar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 21 12 13 6 27 6 5 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Dyes",
"orig": "en:Dyes",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Pigments",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Colors",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Fundamental",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Perception",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1580, John Stow, “A briefe Description of Englande, Scotlande, Wales, and Cornwall”, in The Chronicles of England, London: Ralph Newberie, page 9:",
"text": "The other part Northern, & ful of mountaines, a very rude and homely kinde of people doth inhabite, which are called the redshankes or wilde Scottes. They be clothed with a mantel and shyrte saffroned, after the Irishe manner, going bare legged to the knée.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1582, Richard Stanyhurst, transl., The First Foure Bookes of Virgil his Aeneis, Leiden: John Pates, Book 4, p. 82:",
"text": "Thee next day foloing lustring Aurora lay shymring,\nHer saffrond mattresse leauing to her bedfelo Tithon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1638, uncredited translator, Historie Naturall and Experimentall, of Life and Death by Francis Bacon, London: William Lee and Humphrey Mosley, p. 244,\nThe same Irish, use to weare Saffroned Linnen, and Shirts; Which though it were, at first, devised to prevent Vermine, yet, howsoever, I take it, to be very usefull for Lengthening of Life […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something).",
"To dye (a fabric, garment, etc.) with a saffron-based dye."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-verb-YjAsFkL2",
"links": [
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Thomas Nashe, The Unfortunate Traveller, London: C. Burby:",
"text": "His horse was harnished with leaden chaines, hauing the out-side guilt, or at least saffrond in stead of guilt, to decypher a holie or golden pretence of a couetous purpose […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1633, John Donne, “Elegie”, in Poems, London: John Marriot, page 149:",
"text": "And like vile stones lying in saffrond tinne,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Or warts, or wheales, it hangs upon her skinne."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something).",
"To colour (a metal or wooden surface) with a gilding product containing saffron."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-verb-sXQ2h6FH",
"links": [
[
"gild",
"gild"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1593, Michael Drayton, Idea the Shepheards Garland, London: Thomas Woodcocke, Second Eglog, page 6:",
"text": "My dreadful thoughts been drawen vpon my face,\nIn blotted lines with ages iron pen,\nThe lothlie morpheu saffroned the place,\nWhere beuties damaske daz’d the eies of men.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1594, Michael Drayton, Peirs Gaueston Earle of Cornwall His Life, Death, and Fortune, London: Nicholas Ling and John Busby:",
"text": "Or like the twifold-twynned Geminy,\nIn their star-gilded gyrdle strongly tyed,\nChayn’d by their saffrond tresses in the sky,\nStanding to guard the sun-coche in his pride.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Charles V. H. Roberts, “The Call of the Country”, in Collected Poems, New York: The Torch Press, page 20:",
"text": "We accept the perfect stillness of the ground,\nAnd the vision of a sunset-saffroned sea.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something)."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-verb-smZ7aVF-"
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Robert Randolph Turner, Tennessee Legends: An Analysis in Terms of Motifs, Structure, and Style:",
"text": "Saffroning the rest of the account are several other regionalisms: agin for against, hit for the expletive it, knowed as a preterite, and no use to say not bin' (a fascinating doubling of the negative).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Jerome Mandel, Geoffrey Chaucer: Building the Fragments of the Canterbury Tales:",
"text": "He saffrons his speech with Latin which he knows all by rote.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Robert B. Burlin, Chaucerian Fiction, page 231:",
"text": "The Nun's Priest's rhetorical devices, too numerous to catalogue exhaustively, are of two kinds: first, the heroic-historical, beginning with the setting of the occasion in a time sequence that starts with the Creation, saffroning the high points with apostrophes and epic similes, and culminating with a chase in which Chauntecleer's fall proves to have the \"cosmic reverberations\" required by epic standards […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To embellish."
],
"id": "en-saffron-en-verb-ymzFUvNZ",
"links": [
[
"embellish",
"embellish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To embellish."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfɹən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
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{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "English: saffron\n→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\n→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: saffron\n→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\n→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sefron"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sefron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sefron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safranum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safranum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);\nas a colour adjective from the late 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
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"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "saffron (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 13 54 30 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [
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"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 12 55 29 0",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "enm:Plants",
"parents": [
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"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-saffron-enm-noun-gzfEqGfL",
"links": [
[
"saffron",
"saffron#English"
],
[
"Crocus sativus",
"Crocus sativus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, ed., Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, volume I, OCLC 374760, page 11",
"text": "Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"saffron (yellow powder used in cooking, pharmaceuticals, and dyes)"
],
"id": "en-saffron-enm-noun-kqMvcsEF",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"saffron (the colour of the powder)"
],
"id": "en-saffron-enm-noun-40uDfGob",
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrɔn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafruːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safferon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safurroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saferowne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffyron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saferon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffrin"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "English: saffron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: saffron"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sefron"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sefron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sefron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safranum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safranum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);\nas a colour adjective from the late 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 32 9 13 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Yellows",
"orig": "enm:Yellows",
"parents": [
"Colors",
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Yellow; the colour of saffron."
],
"id": "en-saffron-enm-adj-QfJcmT47"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 46 28 22 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Spices",
"orig": "enm:Spices",
"parents": [
"Spices and herbs",
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 90 5 4 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Taste",
"orig": "enm:Taste",
"parents": [
"Drinking",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Senses",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Perception",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Resembling saffron in taste."
],
"id": "en-saffron-enm-adj-sYd80Vti",
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Resembling saffron in taste."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrɔn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafruːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safferon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffryn"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safurroun"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saferowne"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffren"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safur"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "safer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffyron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saferon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "saffrin"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dargwa translations",
"Terms with Dhivehi translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Piedmontese translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romagnol translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sinhalese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Dyes",
"en:Iris family plants",
"en:Seasonings",
"en:Spices",
"en:Yellows",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Plants",
"enm:Spices",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Yellows"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "Lyperia crocea",
"word": "African saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "American saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Cassine peragua",
"word": "bastard saffron"
},
{
"word": "Cape saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "dyer's saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "false saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Curcuma zedoaria",
"word": "Indian saffron"
},
{
"word": "iron saffron"
},
{
"word": "meadow-saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Colchicum autumnale",
"word": "meadow saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crocus sativus",
"word": "Persian saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Crocus sativus",
"word": "saffrom crocus"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Arremon flavirostris",
"word": "saffron-billed sparrow"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Eriogonum crocatum",
"word": "saffron buckwheat"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Eleginus gracilis",
"word": "saffron cod"
},
{
"alt": "Xanthospar flavus",
"word": "saffron-cowled blackbird"
},
{
"word": "saffron crocus"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Sicalis flaveola",
"word": "saffron finch"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pyrilia pyrilia",
"word": "saffron-headed parrot"
},
{
"word": "saffronization"
},
{
"word": "saffronize"
},
{
"word": "saffronlike"
},
{
"word": "saffron milk cap"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Lactarius deliciosus",
"word": "saffron milkcap"
},
{
"alt": "Bumelia angustifolia",
"word": "saffron plum"
},
{
"word": "saffron shadow dancer"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Spinus siemiradzkii",
"word": "saffron siskin"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Aphelandra squarrosa",
"word": "saffron spike"
},
{
"word": "saffron terror"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pteroglossus bailloni",
"word": "saffron toucanet"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Chrysophyllum monopyrenum",
"word": "saffron tree"
},
{
"word": "Saffron Walden"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Elaeodendron croceum",
"word": "saffron wood"
},
{
"word": "saffrony"
},
{
"word": "saffron yellow"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Rumex acetosella",
"word": "sheep saffron"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Carthamus tinctorius",
"word": "thistle saffron"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "サフラン",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "safuran"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "사프란",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saffron",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saffrons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "safflower"
},
{
"word": "safranine"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:",
"text": "Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus."
],
"links": [
[
"Crocus sativus",
"Crocus sativus#Translingual"
],
[
"crocus",
"crocus"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:plant"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:",
"text": "I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye."
},
{
"ref": "2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:",
"text": "Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:",
"text": "Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:",
"text": "Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent."
],
"links": [
[
"spice",
"spice"
],
[
"seasoning",
"seasoning"
],
[
"stigma",
"stigma"
],
[
"style",
"style"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:spice"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kesar"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "saffron:"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:",
"text": "[…] The stately Ram\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\nOr milder Saffron […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:",
"text": "These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:",
"text": "The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:",
"text": "On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt."
],
"links": [
[
"orange",
"orange"
],
[
"yellow",
"yellow"
],
[
"colour",
"colour"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saffron yellow"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfɹən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfɹən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "shafran"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "krrokull"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfrān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "zəfəran"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kumku.mam",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ကုံကုမံ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "safranera"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "番紅花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fān hóng huā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "番红花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "藏紅花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zànghónghuā",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "藏红花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "西紅花"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "西红花"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"common-gender",
"neuter"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "dar",
"lang": "Dargwa",
"roman": "zaʿpiran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "загӏпиран"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "saffraankrokus"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "maustesahrami"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafaran"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zaprana",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ზაფრანა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "ka-na-ko",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐀏𐀙𐀒"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐂔"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "rai",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "𐁉"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "keloko"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kuṅkum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुंकुम"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kumkum",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुमकुम"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "zāfrān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ज़ाफ़रान"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "サフラン"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "rɔɔrɔmiət",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "រមៀត"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "nyā fan",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safranum"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "żagħfran"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "gürgem",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "гүргэм"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrankrokus"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrankrokus"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferân",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "pms",
"lang": "Piedmontese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "krokus"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"code": "rgn",
"lang": "Romagnol",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ẓafarân"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kuṅkuma",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "कुङ्कुम"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žafran"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "mzafarani"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kuṅkumappū",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "குங்குமப்பூ"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "ya faran",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "หญ้าฝรั่น"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کیسر"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "za'farān",
"sense": "plant",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "croco"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "zafran"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "nghệ tây"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "plant",
"word": "safranakrok"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfarān",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "ary",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zaʕfrān",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Moroccan-Arabic"
],
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "zəfəran"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "kumku.mam",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ကုံကုမံ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "番紅花"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "番红花"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"code": "dv",
"lang": "Dhivehi",
"roman": "kukun̊",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ކުކުން"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "sahrami"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "q̇viteli q̇vavili",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ყვითელი ყვავილი"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zaprana",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ზაფრანა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zaforá",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ζαφορά"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "krókos",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "κρόκος"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "ka-na-ko",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐀏𐀙𐀒"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"roman": "rai",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐁉"
},
{
"code": "gmy",
"lang": "Mycenaean Greek",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "𐂔"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "કેસર"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "keloko"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זְעַפְרָן"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safrano"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kuma-kuma"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cróch"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "サフラン"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "šafran",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "koma-koma"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kuma-kuma"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "kumkuma"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "żagħfran"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "keśar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केशर"
},
{
"code": "ne",
"lang": "Nepali",
"roman": "keśar",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "केशर"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferân",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "زعفران"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"code": "pa",
"lang": "Punjabi",
"roman": "kesar",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ਕੇਸਰ"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kesara",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "केसर"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафран"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafran"
},
{
"code": "si",
"lang": "Sinhalese",
"roman": "kuṁkuma",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "කුංකුම"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "šafrán"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "žafran"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "zafarani"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "asapran"
},
{
"code": "ta",
"lang": "Tamil",
"roman": "kuṅkumappū",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "குங்குமப்பூ"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "kuṅkumapuvvu",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "కుంకుమపువ్వు"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "spice",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saffrwm"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "spice",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "saffrwn"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "saffraan"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sasafrán"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Safran"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "sáfrány"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crogh"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "za'ferâni",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "زعفرانی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafrán",
"sense": "dye",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шафра́н"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "dye",
"word": "کیسریا"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "kʻrkʻum",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "քրքում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jarkožǎlt",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "яркожълт"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "藏紅花色"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "藏红花色"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "sahraminkeltainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "zapranis peri",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "ზაფრანის ფერი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Safranfarbe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Safrangelb"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "vathykítrino",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "βαθυκίτρινο"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhagvā",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भगवा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "sáfránysárga"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "safuran-iro",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "サフラン色"
},
{
"code": "kn",
"lang": "Kannada",
"roman": "kēsari",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "ಕೇಸರಿ"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szafran"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "(kolor) szafranowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "açafrão"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "șofran"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "azafrán"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "rangi ya zafarani"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safran"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "کیسریا"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "colour",
"word": "safranayelov"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dargwa translations",
"Terms with Dhivehi translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Piedmontese translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romagnol translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sinhalese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Dyes",
"en:Iris family plants",
"en:Seasonings",
"en:Spices",
"en:Yellows",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Plants",
"enm:Spices",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Yellows"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saffron",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1624, Thomas Heywood, Gynaikeion: or, Nine Bookes of Various History. Concerninge women inscribed by the names of the nine Muses, London, Book 3, “A Funerall Oade vpon the death of Anna Panareta” p. 123, Now Hymen change thy saffron weedes To roabe and habit sable",
"roman": "Since nothing’s firme or stable;",
"text": "For ioyfull thoughts, vse funerall deedes"
},
{
"text": "1794, Ann Radcliffe, The Mysteries of Udolpho, London: G.G. & J. Robinson, Volume 1, Chapter 9, p. 256,\nThe sun was now set; but, under the dark branches of the almond trees, was seen the saffron glow of the west, spreading beyond the twilight of middle air."
},
{
"ref": "1876, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter 40, in Daniel Deronda, volume (please specify |volume=I to IV), Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC:",
"text": "[…] it was half-past four, and the gray day was dying gloriously, its western clouds all broken into narrowing purple strata before a wide-spreading saffron clearness […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961, V. S. Naipaul, A House for Mr Biswas, Part 1, Chapter 2:",
"text": "The jacket was brown but had turned saffron where it had been soaked by Lal’s sweat.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Having an orange-yellow colour."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfɹən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfɹən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "jarkožǎlt",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "яркожълт"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safrà"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "sahraminkeltainen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safrangelb"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safranfarbig"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरिया"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zafferano"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "केसरी"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "szafranowy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "açafroado"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "șofrăniu"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafránnyj",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "шафра́нный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šafránovyj",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "шафра́новый"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "de azafrán"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "saffransfärgad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "saffransgul"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesrī",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "کیسری"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kesriyā",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "کیسریا"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "having an orange-yellow colour",
"word": "safranayelovik"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Persian translations",
"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən",
"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dargwa translations",
"Terms with Dhivehi translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kannada translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations",
"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations",
"Terms with Nepali translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Piedmontese translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Punjabi translations",
"Terms with Romagnol translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sinhalese translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tamil translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Venetian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"en:Dyes",
"en:Iris family plants",
"en:Seasonings",
"en:Spices",
"en:Yellows",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Plants",
"enm:Spices",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Yellows"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "Middle English saffron",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safrānum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safrānum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "saffrons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "saffroning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "saffroned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "saffroned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "saffron (third-person singular simple present saffrons, present participle saffroning, simple past and past participle saffroned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "autumn crocus"
},
{
"word": "crocein"
},
{
"word": "crocoite"
},
{
"word": "crocus"
},
{
"word": "curcuma"
},
{
"word": "kumkum"
},
{
"word": "colchicum"
},
{
"word": "crocus bag"
},
{
"word": "crocus sack"
},
{
"word": "turmeric"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "saffroned water, saffroned rice",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1559, Conrad Gesner, “Of certain other Aromatical wynes”, in Peter Morwen, transl., The Treasure of Euonymus, London: John Day, page 407:",
"text": "Saffrond wyne bryngeth mirthe, and taketh away Melancholines […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1884, Robert Browning, “Two Camels”, in Ferishtah’s Fancies, London: Smith, Elder, page 70:",
"text": "Well-saffroned was that barley-soup!",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To add saffron to (a food), for taste, colour etc."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1580, John Stow, “A briefe Description of Englande, Scotlande, Wales, and Cornwall”, in The Chronicles of England, London: Ralph Newberie, page 9:",
"text": "The other part Northern, & ful of mountaines, a very rude and homely kinde of people doth inhabite, which are called the redshankes or wilde Scottes. They be clothed with a mantel and shyrte saffroned, after the Irishe manner, going bare legged to the knée.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1582, Richard Stanyhurst, transl., The First Foure Bookes of Virgil his Aeneis, Leiden: John Pates, Book 4, p. 82:",
"text": "Thee next day foloing lustring Aurora lay shymring,\nHer saffrond mattresse leauing to her bedfelo Tithon.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1638, uncredited translator, Historie Naturall and Experimentall, of Life and Death by Francis Bacon, London: William Lee and Humphrey Mosley, p. 244,\nThe same Irish, use to weare Saffroned Linnen, and Shirts; Which though it were, at first, devised to prevent Vermine, yet, howsoever, I take it, to be very usefull for Lengthening of Life […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something).",
"To dye (a fabric, garment, etc.) with a saffron-based dye."
],
"links": [
[
"dye",
"dye"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1594, Thomas Nashe, The Unfortunate Traveller, London: C. Burby:",
"text": "His horse was harnished with leaden chaines, hauing the out-side guilt, or at least saffrond in stead of guilt, to decypher a holie or golden pretence of a couetous purpose […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1633, John Donne, “Elegie”, in Poems, London: John Marriot, page 149:",
"text": "And like vile stones lying in saffrond tinne,",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "Or warts, or wheales, it hangs upon her skinne."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something).",
"To colour (a metal or wooden surface) with a gilding product containing saffron."
],
"links": [
[
"gild",
"gild"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1593, Michael Drayton, Idea the Shepheards Garland, London: Thomas Woodcocke, Second Eglog, page 6:",
"text": "My dreadful thoughts been drawen vpon my face,\nIn blotted lines with ages iron pen,\nThe lothlie morpheu saffroned the place,\nWhere beuties damaske daz’d the eies of men.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "c. 1594, Michael Drayton, Peirs Gaueston Earle of Cornwall His Life, Death, and Fortune, London: Nicholas Ling and John Busby:",
"text": "Or like the twifold-twynned Geminy,\nIn their star-gilded gyrdle strongly tyed,\nChayn’d by their saffrond tresses in the sky,\nStanding to guard the sun-coche in his pride.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1917, Charles V. H. Roberts, “The Call of the Country”, in Collected Poems, New York: The Torch Press, page 20:",
"text": "We accept the perfect stillness of the ground,\nAnd the vision of a sunset-saffroned sea.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To give a saffron colour to (something)."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Robert Randolph Turner, Tennessee Legends: An Analysis in Terms of Motifs, Structure, and Style:",
"text": "Saffroning the rest of the account are several other regionalisms: agin for against, hit for the expletive it, knowed as a preterite, and no use to say not bin' (a fascinating doubling of the negative).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Jerome Mandel, Geoffrey Chaucer: Building the Fragments of the Canterbury Tales:",
"text": "He saffrons his speech with Latin which he knows all by rote.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Robert B. Burlin, Chaucerian Fiction, page 231:",
"text": "The Nun's Priest's rhetorical devices, too numerous to catalogue exhaustively, are of two kinds: first, the heroic-historical, beginning with the setting of the occasion in a time sequence that starts with the Creation, saffroning the high points with apostrophes and epic similes, and culminating with a chase in which Chauntecleer's fall proves to have the \"cosmic reverberations\" required by epic standards […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To embellish."
],
"links": [
[
"embellish",
"embellish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) To embellish."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfɹən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsæfəɹn/",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æfɹən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add saffron to",
"word": "azafranar"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Plants",
"enm:Spices",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Yellows"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "English: saffron\n→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\n→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: saffron\n→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\n→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sefron"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sefron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sefron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safranum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safranum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);\nas a colour adjective from the late 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "saffron (uncountable)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"saffron (the plant Crocus sativus)"
],
"links": [
[
"saffron",
"saffron#English"
],
[
"Crocus sativus",
"Crocus sativus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Middle English quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
"ref": "c. 1430 (reprinted 1888), Thomas Austin, ed., Two Fifteenth-century Cookery-books. Harleian ms. 279 (ab. 1430), & Harl. ms. 4016 (ab. 1450), with Extracts from Ashmole ms. 1429, Laud ms. 553, & Douce ms. 55 [Early English Text Society, Original Series; 91], London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, volume I, OCLC 374760, page 11",
"text": "Soupes dorye. — Take gode almaunde mylke […] caste þher-to Safroun an Salt […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"saffron (yellow powder used in cooking, pharmaceuticals, and dyes)"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"saffron (the colour of the powder)"
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrɔn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafruːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saffroun"
},
{
"word": "safroun"
},
{
"word": "safferon"
},
{
"word": "safryn"
},
{
"word": "saffryn"
},
{
"word": "safran"
},
{
"word": "safron"
},
{
"word": "safurroun"
},
{
"word": "saferowne"
},
{
"word": "saffren"
},
{
"word": "safur"
},
{
"word": "safer"
},
{
"word": "saffyron"
},
{
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"word": "saferon"
},
{
"word": "saffrin"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
{
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"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Arabic",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:Plants",
"enm:Spices",
"enm:Taste",
"enm:Yellows"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "saffron"
},
"expansion": "English: saffron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: saffron"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "sefron"
},
"expansion": "Scots: sefron",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: sefron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "safran"
},
"expansion": "Old French safran",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "safranum"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin safranum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ar",
"3": "زَعْفَرَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);\nas a colour adjective from the late 14th century.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{1}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "saffron",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Yellow; the colour of saffron."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Resembling saffron in taste."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Resembling saffron in taste."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrɔn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafruːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈsafrən/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "saffroun"
},
{
"word": "safroun"
},
{
"word": "safferon"
},
{
"word": "safryn"
},
{
"word": "saffryn"
},
{
"word": "safran"
},
{
"word": "safron"
},
{
"word": "safurroun"
},
{
"word": "saferowne"
},
{
"word": "saffren"
},
{
"word": "safur"
},
{
"word": "safer"
},
{
"word": "saffyron"
},
{
"word": "saffran"
},
{
"word": "saferon"
},
{
"word": "saffrin"
}
],
"word": "saffron"
}
Download raw JSONL data for saffron meaning in All languages combined (58.2kB)
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"msg": "inconsistent language codes id vs ms in translation item: 't' {1: 'ms', 2: 'kuma-kuma'}",
"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
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{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "''To give a saffron colour to (s'[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
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"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "saffron",
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{
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translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Piedmontese translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Romagnol translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Dyes\", \"en:Iris family plants\", \"en:Seasonings\", \"en:Spices\", \"en:Yellows\", \"enm:Medicine\", \"enm:Plants\", \"enm:Spices\", \"enm:Taste\", \"enm:Yellows\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"Lyperia crocea\", \"word\": \"African saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"American saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cassine peragua\", \"word\": \"bastard saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"Cape saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"dyer's saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"false saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Curcuma zedoaria\", \"word\": \"Indian saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"iron saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"meadow-saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Colchicum autumnale\", \"word\": \"meadow saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"Persian saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"saffrom crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Arremon flavirostris\", \"word\": \"saffron-billed sparrow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eriogonum crocatum\", \"word\": \"saffron buckwheat\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eleginus gracilis\", \"word\": \"saffron cod\"}, {\"alt\": \"Xanthospar flavus\", \"word\": \"saffron-cowled blackbird\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sicalis flaveola\", \"word\": \"saffron finch\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pyrilia pyrilia\", \"word\": \"saffron-headed parrot\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronization\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronize\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronlike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron milk cap\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Lactarius deliciosus\", \"word\": \"saffron milkcap\"}, {\"alt\": \"Bumelia angustifolia\", \"word\": \"saffron plum\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron shadow dancer\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Spinus siemiradzkii\", \"word\": \"saffron siskin\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Aphelandra squarrosa\", \"word\": \"saffron spike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron terror\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pteroglossus bailloni\", \"word\": \"saffron toucanet\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Chrysophyllum monopyrenum\", \"word\": \"saffron tree\"}, {\"word\": \"Saffron Walden\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Elaeodendron croceum\", \"word\": \"saffron wood\"}, {\"word\": \"saffrony\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Rumex acetosella\", \"word\": \"sheep saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"thistle saffron\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"サフラン\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"safuran\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"사프란\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"saffron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English saffron\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"safran\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French safran\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ML.\", \"3\": \"safrānum\"}, \"expansion\": \"Medieval Latin safrānum\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ar\", \"3\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, \"expansion\": \"Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"saffrons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"safflower\"}, {\"word\": \"safranine\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:\", \"text\": \"Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.\"], \"links\": [[\"Crocus sativus\", \"Crocus sativus#Translingual\"], [\"crocus\", \"crocus\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:plant\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:\", \"text\": \"I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.\"], \"links\": [[\"spice\", \"spice\"], [\"seasoning\", \"seasoning\"], [\"stigma\", \"stigma\"], [\"style\", \"style\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:spice\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"kesar\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"saffron:\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:\", \"text\": \"[…] The stately Ram\\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\\nOr milder Saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:\", \"text\": \"These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:\", \"text\": \"On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.\"], \"links\": [[\"orange\", \"orange\"], [\"yellow\", \"yellow\"], [\"colour\", \"colour\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfɹən/\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfəɹn/\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æfɹən\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"krrokull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"safranera\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fān hóng huā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zànghónghuā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"dar\", \"lang\": \"Dargwa\", \"roman\": \"zaʿpiran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"загӏпиран\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffraankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"maustesahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafaran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुंकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kumkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुमकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"zāfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ज़ाफ़रान\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"rɔɔrɔmiət\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"រមៀត\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"nyā fan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranum\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"gürgem\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"гүргэм\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pms\", \"lang\": \"Piedmontese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"krokus\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"rgn\", \"lang\": \"Romagnol\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ẓafarân\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkuma\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुङ्कुम\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"mzafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"ya faran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"หญ้าฝรั่น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"کیسر\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"za'farān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"croco\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zafran\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"nghệ tây\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranakrok\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"kukun̊\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ކުކުން\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"q̇viteli q̇vavili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ყვითელი ყვავილი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"zaforá\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ζαφορά\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"કેસર\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זְעַפְרָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cróch\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"koma-koma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kumkuma\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਕੇਸਰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kesara\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"kuṁkuma\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"කුංකුම\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"asapran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumapuvvu\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"కుంకుమపువ్వు\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwm\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwn\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferâni\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"زعفرانی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"jarkožǎlt\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"яркожълт\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏紅花色\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏红花色\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sahraminkeltainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zapranis peri\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანის ფერი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Safranfarbe\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Safrangelb\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vathykítrino\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"βαθυκίτρινο\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"bhagvā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"भगवा\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sáfránysárga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran-iro\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"サフラン色\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"(kolor) szafranowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"rangi ya zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safranayelov\"}], \"word\": \"saffron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "saffron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Hijazi-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Arabic\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Middle English adjectives\", \"Middle English entries with incorrect language header\", \"Middle English lemmas\", \"Middle English nouns\", \"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French\", \"Middle English terms derived from Arabic\", \"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"Middle English terms derived from Old French\", \"Middle English uncountable nouns\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dargwa translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Piedmontese translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Romagnol translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Dyes\", \"en:Iris family plants\", \"en:Seasonings\", \"en:Spices\", \"en:Yellows\", \"enm:Medicine\", \"enm:Plants\", \"enm:Spices\", \"enm:Taste\", \"enm:Yellows\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"Lyperia crocea\", \"word\": \"African saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"American saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cassine peragua\", \"word\": \"bastard saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"Cape saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"dyer's saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"false saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Curcuma zedoaria\", \"word\": \"Indian saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"iron saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"meadow-saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Colchicum autumnale\", \"word\": \"meadow saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"Persian saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"saffrom crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Arremon flavirostris\", \"word\": \"saffron-billed sparrow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eriogonum crocatum\", \"word\": \"saffron buckwheat\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eleginus gracilis\", \"word\": \"saffron cod\"}, {\"alt\": \"Xanthospar flavus\", \"word\": \"saffron-cowled blackbird\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sicalis flaveola\", \"word\": \"saffron finch\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pyrilia pyrilia\", \"word\": \"saffron-headed parrot\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronization\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronize\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronlike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron milk cap\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Lactarius deliciosus\", \"word\": \"saffron milkcap\"}, {\"alt\": \"Bumelia angustifolia\", \"word\": \"saffron plum\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron shadow dancer\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Spinus siemiradzkii\", \"word\": \"saffron siskin\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Aphelandra squarrosa\", \"word\": \"saffron spike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron terror\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pteroglossus bailloni\", \"word\": \"saffron toucanet\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Chrysophyllum monopyrenum\", \"word\": \"saffron tree\"}, {\"word\": \"Saffron Walden\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Elaeodendron croceum\", \"word\": \"saffron wood\"}, {\"word\": \"saffrony\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Rumex acetosella\", \"word\": \"sheep saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"thistle saffron\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"サフラン\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"safuran\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"사프란\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"saffron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English saffron\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"safran\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French safran\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ML.\", \"3\": \"safrānum\"}, \"expansion\": \"Medieval Latin safrānum\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ar\", \"3\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, \"expansion\": \"Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"saffrons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"safflower\"}, {\"word\": \"safranine\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:\", \"text\": \"Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.\"], \"links\": [[\"Crocus sativus\", \"Crocus sativus#Translingual\"], [\"crocus\", \"crocus\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:plant\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:\", \"text\": \"I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.\"], \"links\": [[\"spice\", \"spice\"], [\"seasoning\", \"seasoning\"], [\"stigma\", \"stigma\"], [\"style\", \"style\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:spice\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"kesar\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"saffron:\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:\", \"text\": \"[…] The stately Ram\\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\\nOr milder Saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:\", \"text\": \"These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:\", \"text\": \"On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.\"], \"links\": [[\"orange\", \"orange\"], [\"yellow\", \"yellow\"], [\"colour\", \"colour\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfɹən/\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": 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\"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"safranera\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", 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{\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferâni\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"زعفرانی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"jarkožǎlt\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"яркожълт\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏紅花色\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏红花色\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sahraminkeltainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zapranis peri\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანის ფერი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Safranfarbe\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Safrangelb\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vathykítrino\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"βαθυκίτρινο\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"bhagvā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"भगवा\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sáfránysárga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran-iro\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"サフラン色\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"(kolor) szafranowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"rangi ya zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safranayelov\"}], \"word\": \"saffron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "saffron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Arabic\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Middle English adjectives\", \"Middle English entries with incorrect language header\", \"Middle English lemmas\", \"Middle English nouns\", \"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French\", \"Middle English terms derived from Arabic\", \"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"Middle English terms derived from Old French\", \"Middle English uncountable nouns\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dargwa translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Piedmontese translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Romagnol translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Dyes\", \"en:Iris family plants\", \"en:Seasonings\", \"en:Spices\", \"en:Yellows\", \"enm:Medicine\", \"enm:Plants\", \"enm:Spices\", \"enm:Taste\", \"enm:Yellows\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"Lyperia crocea\", \"word\": \"African saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"American saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cassine peragua\", \"word\": \"bastard saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"Cape saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"dyer's saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"false saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Curcuma zedoaria\", \"word\": \"Indian saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"iron saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"meadow-saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Colchicum autumnale\", \"word\": \"meadow saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"Persian saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"saffrom crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Arremon flavirostris\", \"word\": \"saffron-billed sparrow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eriogonum crocatum\", \"word\": \"saffron buckwheat\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eleginus gracilis\", \"word\": \"saffron cod\"}, {\"alt\": \"Xanthospar flavus\", \"word\": \"saffron-cowled blackbird\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sicalis flaveola\", \"word\": \"saffron finch\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pyrilia pyrilia\", \"word\": \"saffron-headed parrot\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronization\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronize\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronlike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron milk cap\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Lactarius deliciosus\", \"word\": \"saffron milkcap\"}, {\"alt\": \"Bumelia angustifolia\", \"word\": \"saffron plum\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron shadow dancer\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Spinus siemiradzkii\", \"word\": \"saffron siskin\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Aphelandra squarrosa\", \"word\": \"saffron spike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron terror\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pteroglossus bailloni\", \"word\": \"saffron toucanet\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Chrysophyllum monopyrenum\", \"word\": \"saffron tree\"}, {\"word\": \"Saffron Walden\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Elaeodendron croceum\", \"word\": \"saffron wood\"}, {\"word\": \"saffrony\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Rumex acetosella\", \"word\": \"sheep saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"thistle saffron\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"サフラン\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"safuran\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"사프란\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"saffron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English saffron\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"safran\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French safran\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ML.\", \"3\": \"safrānum\"}, \"expansion\": \"Medieval Latin safrānum\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ar\", \"3\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, \"expansion\": \"Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"saffrons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"safflower\"}, {\"word\": \"safranine\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:\", \"text\": \"Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.\"], \"links\": [[\"Crocus sativus\", \"Crocus sativus#Translingual\"], [\"crocus\", \"crocus\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:plant\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:\", \"text\": \"I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.\"], \"links\": [[\"spice\", \"spice\"], [\"seasoning\", \"seasoning\"], [\"stigma\", \"stigma\"], [\"style\", \"style\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:spice\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"kesar\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"saffron:\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:\", \"text\": \"[…] The stately Ram\\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\\nOr milder Saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:\", \"text\": \"These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:\", \"text\": \"On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.\"], \"links\": [[\"orange\", \"orange\"], [\"yellow\", \"yellow\"], [\"colour\", \"colour\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfɹən/\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfəɹn/\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æfɹən\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"krrokull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"safranera\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fān hóng huā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zànghónghuā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"dar\", \"lang\": \"Dargwa\", \"roman\": \"zaʿpiran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"загӏпиран\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffraankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"maustesahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafaran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुंकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kumkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुमकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"zāfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ज़ाफ़रान\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"rɔɔrɔmiət\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"រមៀត\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"nyā fan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranum\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"gürgem\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"гүргэм\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pms\", \"lang\": \"Piedmontese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"krokus\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"rgn\", \"lang\": \"Romagnol\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ẓafarân\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkuma\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुङ्कुम\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"mzafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"ya faran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"หญ้าฝรั่น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"کیسر\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"za'farān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"croco\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zafran\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"nghệ tây\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranakrok\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"kukun̊\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ކުކުން\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"q̇viteli q̇vavili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ყვითელი ყვავილი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"zaforá\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ζαφορά\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"કેસર\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זְעַפְרָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cróch\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"koma-koma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kumkuma\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਕੇਸਰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kesara\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"kuṁkuma\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"කුංකුම\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"asapran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumapuvvu\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"కుంకుమపువ్వు\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwm\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwn\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferâni\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"زعفرانی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"jarkožǎlt\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"яркожълт\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏紅花色\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏红花色\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sahraminkeltainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zapranis peri\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანის ფერი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Safranfarbe\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Safrangelb\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vathykítrino\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"βαθυκίτρινο\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"bhagvā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"भगवा\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sáfránysárga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran-iro\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"サフラン色\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"(kolor) szafranowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"rangi ya zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safranayelov\"}], \"word\": \"saffron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "saffron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Arabic\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Middle English adjectives\", \"Middle English entries with incorrect language header\", \"Middle English lemmas\", \"Middle English nouns\", \"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French\", \"Middle English terms derived from Arabic\", \"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"Middle English terms derived from Old French\", \"Middle English uncountable nouns\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dargwa translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Piedmontese translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Romagnol translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Dyes\", \"en:Iris family plants\", \"en:Seasonings\", \"en:Spices\", \"en:Yellows\", \"enm:Medicine\", \"enm:Plants\", \"enm:Spices\", \"enm:Taste\", \"enm:Yellows\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"Lyperia crocea\", \"word\": \"African saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"American saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cassine peragua\", \"word\": \"bastard saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"Cape saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"dyer's saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"false saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Curcuma zedoaria\", \"word\": \"Indian saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"iron saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"meadow-saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Colchicum autumnale\", \"word\": \"meadow saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"Persian saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"saffrom crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Arremon flavirostris\", \"word\": \"saffron-billed sparrow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eriogonum crocatum\", \"word\": \"saffron buckwheat\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eleginus gracilis\", \"word\": \"saffron cod\"}, {\"alt\": \"Xanthospar flavus\", \"word\": \"saffron-cowled blackbird\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sicalis flaveola\", \"word\": \"saffron finch\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pyrilia pyrilia\", \"word\": \"saffron-headed parrot\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronization\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronize\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronlike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron milk cap\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Lactarius deliciosus\", \"word\": \"saffron milkcap\"}, {\"alt\": \"Bumelia angustifolia\", \"word\": \"saffron plum\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron shadow dancer\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Spinus siemiradzkii\", \"word\": \"saffron siskin\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Aphelandra squarrosa\", \"word\": \"saffron spike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron terror\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pteroglossus bailloni\", \"word\": \"saffron toucanet\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Chrysophyllum monopyrenum\", \"word\": \"saffron tree\"}, {\"word\": \"Saffron Walden\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Elaeodendron croceum\", \"word\": \"saffron wood\"}, {\"word\": \"saffrony\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Rumex acetosella\", \"word\": \"sheep saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"thistle saffron\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"サフラン\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"safuran\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"사프란\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"saffron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English saffron\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"safran\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French safran\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ML.\", \"3\": \"safrānum\"}, \"expansion\": \"Medieval Latin safrānum\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ar\", \"3\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, \"expansion\": \"Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"saffrons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"safflower\"}, {\"word\": \"safranine\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:\", \"text\": \"Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.\"], \"links\": [[\"Crocus sativus\", \"Crocus sativus#Translingual\"], [\"crocus\", \"crocus\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:plant\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:\", \"text\": \"I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.\"], \"links\": [[\"spice\", \"spice\"], [\"seasoning\", \"seasoning\"], [\"stigma\", \"stigma\"], [\"style\", \"style\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:spice\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"kesar\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"saffron:\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:\", \"text\": \"[…] The stately Ram\\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\\nOr milder Saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:\", \"text\": \"These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:\", \"text\": \"On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.\"], \"links\": [[\"orange\", \"orange\"], [\"yellow\", \"yellow\"], [\"colour\", \"colour\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfɹən/\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfəɹn/\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æfɹən\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"krrokull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"safranera\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fān hóng huā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zànghónghuā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"dar\", \"lang\": \"Dargwa\", \"roman\": \"zaʿpiran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"загӏпиран\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffraankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"maustesahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafaran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुंकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kumkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुमकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"zāfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ज़ाफ़रान\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"rɔɔrɔmiət\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"រមៀត\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"nyā fan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranum\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"gürgem\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"гүргэм\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pms\", \"lang\": \"Piedmontese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"krokus\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"rgn\", \"lang\": \"Romagnol\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ẓafarân\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkuma\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुङ्कुम\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"mzafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"ya faran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"หญ้าฝรั่น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"کیسر\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"za'farān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"croco\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zafran\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"nghệ tây\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranakrok\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"kukun̊\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ކުކުން\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"q̇viteli q̇vavili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ყვითელი ყვავილი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"zaforá\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ζαφορά\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"કેસર\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זְעַפְרָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cróch\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"koma-koma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kumkuma\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਕੇਸਰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kesara\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"kuṁkuma\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"කුංකුම\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"asapran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumapuvvu\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"కుంకుమపువ్వు\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwm\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwn\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferâni\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"زعفرانی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"jarkožǎlt\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"яркожълт\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏紅花色\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏红花色\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sahraminkeltainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zapranis peri\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანის ფერი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Safranfarbe\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Safrangelb\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vathykítrino\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"βαθυκίτρινο\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"bhagvā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"भगवा\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sáfránysárga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran-iro\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"サフラン色\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"(kolor) szafranowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"rangi ya zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safranayelov\"}], \"word\": \"saffron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "saffron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Moroccan-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English adjectives\", \"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Arabic\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"English verbs\", \"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Middle English adjectives\", \"Middle English entries with incorrect language header\", \"Middle English lemmas\", \"Middle English nouns\", \"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French\", \"Middle English terms derived from Arabic\", \"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"Middle English terms derived from Old French\", \"Middle English uncountable nouns\", \"Pages with 2 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Japanese translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sanskrit translations\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æfɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dargwa translations\", \"Terms with Dhivehi translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Mycenaean Greek translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Piedmontese translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Romagnol translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sanskrit translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"en:Dyes\", \"en:Iris family plants\", \"en:Seasonings\", \"en:Spices\", \"en:Yellows\", \"enm:Medicine\", \"enm:Plants\", \"enm:Spices\", \"enm:Taste\", \"enm:Yellows\"], \"derived\": [{\"alt\": \"Lyperia crocea\", \"word\": \"African saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"American saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Cassine peragua\", \"word\": \"bastard saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"Cape saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"dyer's saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"false saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Curcuma zedoaria\", \"word\": \"Indian saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"iron saffron\"}, {\"word\": \"meadow-saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Colchicum autumnale\", \"word\": \"meadow saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"Persian saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Crocus sativus\", \"word\": \"saffrom crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Arremon flavirostris\", \"word\": \"saffron-billed sparrow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eriogonum crocatum\", \"word\": \"saffron buckwheat\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Eleginus gracilis\", \"word\": \"saffron cod\"}, {\"alt\": \"Xanthospar flavus\", \"word\": \"saffron-cowled blackbird\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron crocus\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sicalis flaveola\", \"word\": \"saffron finch\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pyrilia pyrilia\", \"word\": \"saffron-headed parrot\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronization\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronize\"}, {\"word\": \"saffronlike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron milk cap\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Lactarius deliciosus\", \"word\": \"saffron milkcap\"}, {\"alt\": \"Bumelia angustifolia\", \"word\": \"saffron plum\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron shadow dancer\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Spinus siemiradzkii\", \"word\": \"saffron siskin\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Aphelandra squarrosa\", \"word\": \"saffron spike\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron terror\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pteroglossus bailloni\", \"word\": \"saffron toucanet\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Chrysophyllum monopyrenum\", \"word\": \"saffron tree\"}, {\"word\": \"Saffron Walden\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Elaeodendron croceum\", \"word\": \"saffron wood\"}, {\"word\": \"saffrony\"}, {\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Rumex acetosella\", \"word\": \"sheep saffron\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Carthamus tinctorius\", \"word\": \"thistle saffron\"}], \"descendants\": [{\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ja\", \"2\": \"サフラン\", \"bor\": \"1\", \"tr\": \"safuran\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Japanese: サフラン (safuran)\"}, {\"depth\": 1, \"templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"ko\", \"2\": \"사프란\", \"bor\": \"1\"}, \"expansion\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\", \"name\": \"desc\"}], \"text\": \"→ Korean: 사프란 (sapeuran)\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"saffron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English saffron\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"safran\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French safran\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ML.\", \"3\": \"safrānum\"}, \"expansion\": \"Medieval Latin safrānum\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ar\", \"3\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, \"expansion\": \"Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)\", \"name\": \"der\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English saffron, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"saffrons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"saffron (countable and uncountable, plural saffrons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"safflower\"}, {\"word\": \"safranine\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Songs of Songs-Chapter-4/#13-14 4:13-14:\", \"text\": \"Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, spikenard and saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"2009, D. H. Sanaeinejad, S. N. Hosseini, Regression Models for Saffron Yields in Iran, Daoliang Li, Chunjiang Zhao (editors), Computer and Computing Technologies in Agriculture II, Volume 1, page 510,\\nUsually the maximum temperature for October, November and December in the southern parts of Khorassan–the main saffron growing area of the Iran-does not exceed 20°C, while the minimum temperature reaches 0°C.\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A plant of species Crocus sativus, a crocus.\"], \"links\": [[\"Crocus sativus\", \"Crocus sativus#Translingual\"], [\"crocus\", \"crocus\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:plant\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:\", \"text\": \"I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"text\": \"1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,\\nThe Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.\"}, {\"ref\": \"2002, James A. Duke, editor, CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices, page 129:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2004, Melitta Weiss Adamson, Food in Medieval Times, page 15:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A spice (seasoning) and colouring agent made from the stigma and part of the style of the plant, sometimes or formerly also used as a dye and insect repellent.\"], \"links\": [[\"spice\", \"spice\"], [\"seasoning\", \"seasoning\"], [\"stigma\", \"stigma\"], [\"style\", \"style\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:spice\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"kesar\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"saffron:\"}, {\"ref\": \"a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Spring”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 18:\", \"text\": \"[…] The stately Ram\\nShone thro’ the Mead, in native Purple clad,\\nOr milder Saffron […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1915, L[ucy] M[aud] Montgomery, chapter 7, in Anne of the Island, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1973, Anthony Powell, Temporary Kings, page 82:\", \"text\": \"These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page:\", \"text\": \"The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:\", \"text\": \"On another occasion, H-pop singer Kanhiya Mittal sang a duet with a BJP lawmaker whose lyrics read “the saffron is getting deeper”, a reference to the colour of Hinduism and the BJP's own party colours, […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"An orange-yellow colour, the colour of a lion's pelt.\"], \"links\": [[\"orange\", \"orange\"], [\"yellow\", \"yellow\"], [\"colour\", \"colour\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"saffron yellow\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfɹən/\"}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-saffron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/17/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-saffron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈsæfəɹn/\", \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"]}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æfɹən\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"shafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"krrokull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زَعْفَرَان\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"acw\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Hijazi-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"safranera\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"fān hóng huā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"zànghónghuā\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"藏红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"西红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\", \"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"dar\", \"lang\": \"Dargwa\", \"roman\": \"zaʿpiran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"загӏпиран\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffraankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"maustesahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafaran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुंकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kumkum\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुमकुम\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"zāfrān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ज़ाफ़रान\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"rɔɔrɔmiət\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"រមៀត\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"nyā fan\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"ຫຍ້າຝັ່ນ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranum\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"gürgem\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"гүргэм\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrankrokus\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pms\", \"lang\": \"Piedmontese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"krokus\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"rgn\", \"lang\": \"Romagnol\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ẓafarân\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkuma\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"कुङ्कुम\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"mzafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"ya faran\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"หญ้าฝรั่น\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"کیسر\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"za'farān\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"croco\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"zafran\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"nghệ tây\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"plant\", \"word\": \"safranakrok\"}, {\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfarān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"ary\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zaʕfrān\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Moroccan-Arabic\"], \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zəfəran\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kumku.mam\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ကုံကုမံ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番紅花\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"faan¹ hung⁴ faa¹\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"番红花\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"dv\", \"lang\": \"Dhivehi\", \"roman\": \"kukun̊\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ކުކުން\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sahrami\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"q̇viteli q̇vavili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ყვითელი ყვავილი\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zaprana\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანა\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"zaforá\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"ζαφορά\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"krókos\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κρόκος\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"ka-na-ko\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐀏𐀙𐀒\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"roman\": \"rai\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐁉\"}, {\"code\": \"gmy\", \"lang\": \"Mycenaean Greek\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"𐂔\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"કેસર\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"keloko\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זְעַפְרָן\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safrano\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cróch\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"サフラン\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crocus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"šafran\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"koma-koma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kuma-kuma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"kumkuma\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"żagħfran\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"keśar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"केशर\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferân\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"زعفران\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"kesar\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਕੇਸਰ\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"sa\", \"lang\": \"Sanskrit\", \"roman\": \"kesara\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"केसर\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафран\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafran\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"kuṁkuma\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"කුංකුම\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"šafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"žafran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"asapran\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumappū\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"குங்குமப்பூ\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"kuṅkumapuvvu\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"కుంకుమపువ్వు\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwm\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"spice\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"saffrwn\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"saffraan\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sasafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Safran\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"sáfrány\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"crogh\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"za'ferâni\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"زعفرانی\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"šafrán\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шафра́н\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"dye\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"kʻrkʻum\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"քրքում\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"jarkožǎlt\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"яркожълт\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safrà\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏紅花色\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"藏红花色\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sahraminkeltainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"zapranis peri\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ზაფრანის ფერი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Safranfarbe\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"Safrangelb\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"vathykítrino\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"βαθυκίτρινο\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरिया\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"bhagvā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"भगवा\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"sáfránysárga\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"zafferano\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"safuran-iro\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"サフラン色\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"kēsari\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"ಕೇಸರಿ\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"केसरी\"}, {\"code\": \"no\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szafran\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"inanimate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"(kolor) szafranowy\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"açafrão\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"șofran\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"azafrán\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"rangi ya zafarani\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"saffran\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safran\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesrī\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسری\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kesriyā\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"کیسریا\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"colour\", \"word\": \"safranayelov\"}], \"word\": \"saffron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "saffron",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.