"कुङ्कुम" meaning in Sanskrit

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "kuṅkuma"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: kuṅkuma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: kuṅkuma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pra",
            "2": "𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫 (kuṃkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫 (kuṃkuma) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كركم",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kurkum"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كركم (kurkum)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كركم (kurkum)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kn",
            "2": "ಕುಂಕುಮ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kannada: ಕುಂಕುಮ (kuṅkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kannada: ಕುಂಕುಮ (kuṅkuma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ml",
            "2": "കുങ്കുമം",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Malayalam: കുങ്കുമം (kuṅkumaṁ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Malayalam: കുങ്കുമം (kuṅkumaṁ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ta",
            "2": "குங்குமம்",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tamil: குங்குமம் (kuṅkumam)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tamil: குங்குமம் (kuṅkumam)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "te",
            "2": "కుంకుమ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Telugu: కుంకుమ (kuṅkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Telugu: కుంకుమ (kuṅkuma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρόκος",
        "t": "crocus, saffron"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus, saffron”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "كُرْكُم",
        "t": "turmeric, curcumin"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric, curcumin”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾",
        "ts": "kurkanū"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "כרכום",
        "t": "crocus",
        "tr": "karkóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew כרכום (karkóm, “crocus”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "*कुर्कुम"
      },
      "expansion": "*कुर्कुम (kurkuma)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κᾰ́γκᾰμον",
        "t": "bisabol gum"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κᾰ́γκᾰμον (kánkamon, “bisabol gum”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A Kulturwort with ultimate place of origin uncertain, perhaps from the ancient city of Corycus in Anatolia, related to Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus, saffron”), Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric, curcumin”), Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/), Hebrew כרכום (karkóm, “crocus”). The expected form based on the non-Sanskrit cognates, *कुर्कुम (kurkuma), has phonetically morphed into the current form. Perhaps related as well to Ancient Greek κᾰ́γκᾰμον (kánkamon, “bisabol gum”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kuṅkuma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुम",
      "roman": "kuṅkuma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेन",
      "roman": "kuṅkumena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमैः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभिः1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाय",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमात्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमस्य",
      "roman": "kuṅkumasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमयोः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानाम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमयोः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेषु",
      "roman": "kuṅkumeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "कुङ्कुम • (kuṅkuma) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "saffron"
      ],
      "id": "en-कुङ्कुम-sa-noun-gi85ostl",
      "links": [
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "केसर"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 98",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 97",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.11.33",
          "roman": "The cowherd women, riding on the bullock carts, were dressed very nicely with excellent garments, and their bodies, especially their breasts, were decorated with fresh kuṅkuma powder. As they rode, they began to chant with great pleasure the pastimes of Kṛṣṇa.",
          "text": "गोप्यो रूढरथा नूत्नकुचकुङ्कुमकान्तयः। कृष्णलीला जगुः प्रीत्या निष्ककण्ठ्यः सुवाससः॥\ngopyo rūḍharathā nūtnakucakuṅkumakāntayaḥ. kṛṣṇalīlā jaguḥ prītyā niṣkakaṇṭhyaḥ suvāsasaḥ."
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.5.10",
          "roman": "Their lotuslike faces extraordinarily beautiful, being decorated with saffron and newly grown kuṅkuma, the wives of the cowherd men hurried to the house of mother Yaśodā with presentations in their hands. Because of natural beauty, the wives had full hips and full breasts, which moved as they hurried along.",
          "text": "नवकुङ्कुमकिञ्जल्कमुखपङ्कजभूतयः। बलिभिस्त्वरितं जग्मुः पृथुश्रोण्यश्चलत्कुचाः॥\nnavakuṅkumakiñjalkamukhapaṅkajabhūtayaḥ. balibhistvaritaṃ jagmuḥ pṛthuśroṇyaścalatkucāḥ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kumkum"
      ],
      "id": "en-कुङ्कुम-sa-noun-IJL7-a-L",
      "links": [
        [
          "kumkum",
          "kumkum"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ.ku.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkuŋ.ku.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Anatolia",
    "Corycus"
  ],
  "word": "कुङ्कुम"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
    "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
    "Sanskrit lemmas",
    "Sanskrit neuter nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns",
    "Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
    "Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pi",
            "2": "kuṅkuma"
          },
          "expansion": "Pali: kuṅkuma",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pali: kuṅkuma"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "inc-pra",
            "2": "𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫"
          },
          "expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫 (kuṃkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀼𑀁𑀓𑀼𑀫 (kuṃkuma) (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ar",
            "2": "كركم",
            "bor": "1",
            "tr": "kurkum"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Arabic: كركم (kurkum)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Arabic: كركم (kurkum)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "kn",
            "2": "ಕುಂಕುಮ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Kannada: ಕುಂಕುಮ (kuṅkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Kannada: ಕುಂಕುಮ (kuṅkuma)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ml",
            "2": "കുങ്കുമം",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Malayalam: കുങ്കുമം (kuṅkumaṁ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Malayalam: കുങ്കുമം (kuṅkumaṁ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ta",
            "2": "குங்குமம்",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Tamil: குங்குமம் (kuṅkumam)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Tamil: குங்குமம் (kuṅkumam)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "te",
            "2": "కుంకుమ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Telugu: కుంకుమ (kuṅkuma)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Telugu: కుంకుమ (kuṅkuma)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κρόκος",
        "t": "crocus, saffron"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus, saffron”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ar",
        "2": "كُرْكُم",
        "t": "turmeric, curcumin"
      },
      "expansion": "Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric, curcumin”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akk",
        "2": "𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾",
        "ts": "kurkanū"
      },
      "expansion": "Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "he",
        "2": "כרכום",
        "t": "crocus",
        "tr": "karkóm"
      },
      "expansion": "Hebrew כרכום (karkóm, “crocus”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "*कुर्कुम"
      },
      "expansion": "*कुर्कुम (kurkuma)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κᾰ́γκᾰμον",
        "t": "bisabol gum"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κᾰ́γκᾰμον (kánkamon, “bisabol gum”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A Kulturwort with ultimate place of origin uncertain, perhaps from the ancient city of Corycus in Anatolia, related to Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos, “crocus, saffron”), Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum, “turmeric, curcumin”), Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/), Hebrew כרכום (karkóm, “crocus”). The expected form based on the non-Sanskrit cognates, *कुर्कुम (kurkuma), has phonetically morphed into the current form. Perhaps related as well to Ancient Greek κᾰ́γκᾰμον (kánkamon, “bisabol gum”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "kuṅkuma",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुम",
      "roman": "kuṅkuma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानि",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमा1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumā1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेन",
      "roman": "kuṅkumena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमैः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumaiḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभिः1",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhiḥ1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाय",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमात्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumāt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमाभ्याम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumābhyām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेभ्यः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumebhyaḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमस्य",
      "roman": "kuṅkumasya",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमयोः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमानाम्",
      "roman": "kuṅkumānām",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमे",
      "roman": "kuṅkume",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमयोः",
      "roman": "kuṅkumayoḥ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "कुङ्कुमेषु",
      "roman": "kuṅkumeṣu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "कुङ्कुम • (kuṅkuma) stem, n",
      "name": "sa-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Sanskrit",
  "lang_code": "sa",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "saffron"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saffron",
          "saffron"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "केसर"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Sanskrit terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.11.33",
          "roman": "The cowherd women, riding on the bullock carts, were dressed very nicely with excellent garments, and their bodies, especially their breasts, were decorated with fresh kuṅkuma powder. As they rode, they began to chant with great pleasure the pastimes of Kṛṣṇa.",
          "text": "गोप्यो रूढरथा नूत्नकुचकुङ्कुमकान्तयः। कृष्णलीला जगुः प्रीत्या निष्ककण्ठ्यः सुवाससः॥\ngopyo rūḍharathā nūtnakucakuṅkumakāntayaḥ. kṛṣṇalīlā jaguḥ prītyā niṣkakaṇṭhyaḥ suvāsasaḥ."
        },
        {
          "ref": "c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 10.5.10",
          "roman": "Their lotuslike faces extraordinarily beautiful, being decorated with saffron and newly grown kuṅkuma, the wives of the cowherd men hurried to the house of mother Yaśodā with presentations in their hands. Because of natural beauty, the wives had full hips and full breasts, which moved as they hurried along.",
          "text": "नवकुङ्कुमकिञ्जल्कमुखपङ्कजभूतयः। बलिभिस्त्वरितं जग्मुः पृथुश्रोण्यश्चलत्कुचाः॥\nnavakuṅkumakiñjalkamukhapaṅkajabhūtayaḥ. balibhistvaritaṃ jagmuḥ pṛthuśroṇyaścalatkucāḥ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "kumkum"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "kumkum",
          "kumkum"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ.ku.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Vedic"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkuŋ.ku.mɐ/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Anatolia",
    "Corycus"
  ],
  "word": "कुङ्कुम"
}