See raze on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for raze meaning in All languages combined (18.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "racen"
},
"expansion": "racen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rase",
"t": "to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter"
},
"expansion": "rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raas, race, ras, rasse, rese",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman raser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "rasere"
},
"expansion": "rasere",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "rasser"
},
"expansion": "rasser",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raser",
"t": "to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down"
},
"expansion": "Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*raso",
"t": "to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rādō",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze"
},
"expansion": "rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rash",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French, Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”). Doublet of rash (etymology 2 and etymology 7).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "razing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "razed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "razed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raze (third-person singular simple present razes, present participle razing, simple past and past participle razed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 May 13, Barney Ronay, “Antonio Conte’s brilliance has turned Chelsea’s pop-up team into champions”, in The Guardian, London",
"text": "Just as significant in the long term, Chelsea were also granted permission this season for their new on-site mega-stadium, a 60,000-seat upgrade that will mean the current Stamford Bridge is razed and replaced by something that looks like a vast alien space yurt made of giant Martian redwood stems.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To demolish; to level to the ground."
],
"id": "en-raze-en-verb-c26aE6u9",
"links": [
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To demolish; to level to the ground."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "拆毀"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chāihuǐ",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "拆毁"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "夷為平地"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíwéipíngdì",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "夷为平地"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "srovnat se zemí"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zbourat"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdemolovat"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rasere"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "tuhota maan tasalle"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "hävittää maan tasalle"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "raser"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "edaphízō",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "ἐδαφίζω"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rífa niður"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "leggja í rúst"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "jafna við jörðu"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rezigar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demolire"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "complānō"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "assolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "tāhoro"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "zburzyć"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demolir"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "aniquilar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušatʹ do osnovanija",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "разрушать до основания"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "sravniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demoler"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "abatir"
},
{
"_dis1": "73 25 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "aniquilar"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To destroy; to strike out of existence; to obliterate."
],
"id": "en-raze-en-verb-F6Rb3J-l",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"obliterate",
"obliterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To destroy; to strike out of existence; to obliterate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To scrape as if with a razor."
],
"id": "en-raze-en-verb-6iLl4ZWp",
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape#Verb"
],
[
"razor",
"razor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To scrape as if with a razor."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "rasurar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tì",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "剃"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "削"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "radere al suolo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "heu"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyskablivatʹ",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "выскабливать"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyskrebatʹ",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "выскребать"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 3 96",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "rasurar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "rhizome of ginger",
"word": "race"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of race (rhizome of ginger)."
],
"id": "en-raze-en-noun-F99MdHFQ",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "razes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raze (plural razes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 60 3 26 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A swinging fence in a watercourse to prevent cattle passing through."
],
"id": "en-raze-en-noun-CFpVNtIb",
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "razen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of razen"
],
"id": "en-raze-nl-verb-Liu4K8A8",
"links": [
[
"razen",
"razen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of razen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "zls",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "South Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "raca"
},
"expansion": "Slovene raca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rață"
},
"expansion": "Romanian rață",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly of South Slavic or substrate origin. Compare Slovene raca, Romanian rață.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "razis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "razis"
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"duck"
],
"id": "en-raze-fur-noun-LSNw2yRH",
"links": [
[
"duck",
"duck"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "razza"
},
"expansion": "Italian razza",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Italian razza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "razis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "razis"
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"race"
],
"id": "en-raze-fur-noun-EpzlDdkL",
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"breed"
],
"id": "en-raze-fur-noun-qP8cQbhB",
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 22 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Friulian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strain"
],
"id": "en-raze-fur-noun-zw-pTUUy",
"links": [
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "fr",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "French raser",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French raser.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Haitian Creole entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shave"
],
"id": "en-raze-ht-verb-m4VAwUdS",
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣaze/"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "raze f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rază"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n## indefinite genitive/dative singular\n## indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural",
"indefinite genitive/dative singular"
],
"id": "en-raze-ro-noun-Ai0PWulv",
"links": [
[
"rază",
"rază#Romanian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n"
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rază"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n## indefinite genitive/dative singular\n## indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural",
"indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural"
],
"id": "en-raze-ro-noun-sfqRFVy~",
"links": [
[
"rază",
"rază#Romanian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[ˈraze]"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "razen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular present subjunctive of razen"
],
"links": [
[
"razen",
"razen#Dutch"
]
],
"qualifier": "dated or formal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated or formal) singular present subjunctive of razen"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *reh₁d-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "rasen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English rasen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "racen"
},
"expansion": "racen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "rase",
"t": "to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter"
},
"expansion": "rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "raas, race, ras, rasse, rese",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman raser",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "rasere"
},
"expansion": "rasere",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xno",
"2": "rasser"
},
"expansion": "rasser",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle French",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raser",
"t": "to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down"
},
"expansion": "Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*raso",
"t": "to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "rāsus",
"t": "scraped; shaved"
},
"expansion": "Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "perfect"
},
"expansion": "perfect",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "passive"
},
"expansion": "passive",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "rādō",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze"
},
"expansion": "rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*reh₁d-",
"t": "to scrape, scratch; to gnaw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rash"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of rash",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English rasen, racen, rase (“to scrape; to shave; to erase; to pull; to strip off; to pluck or tear out; to root out (a tree, etc.); to pull away, snatch; to pull down; to knock down; to rend, tear apart; to pick clean, strip; to cleave, slice; to sever; to lacerate; to pierce; to carve, engrave; to dig; (figuratively) to expunge, obliterate; to alter”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman raser, rasere, rasser, Middle French, Old French raser (“to shave; to touch lightly, graze; to level off (grain, etc.) in a measure; to demolish, tear down; to erase; to polish; to wear down”), from Vulgar Latin *raso (“to shave; to scrape; to scratch; to touch lightly, graze”), from Latin rāsus (“scraped; shaved”), the perfect passive participle of rādō (“to scrape, scratch; to shave; to rub, smooth; to brush along, graze”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *reh₁d- (“to scrape, scratch; to gnaw”). Doublet of rash (etymology 2 and etymology 7).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "razing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "razed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "razed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raze (third-person singular simple present razes, present participle razing, simple past and past participle razed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 May 13, Barney Ronay, “Antonio Conte’s brilliance has turned Chelsea’s pop-up team into champions”, in The Guardian, London",
"text": "Just as significant in the long term, Chelsea were also granted permission this season for their new on-site mega-stadium, a 60,000-seat upgrade that will mean the current Stamford Bridge is razed and replaced by something that looks like a vast alien space yurt made of giant Martian redwood stems.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To demolish; to level to the ground."
],
"links": [
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"level",
"level"
],
[
"ground",
"ground"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To demolish; to level to the ground."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy; to strike out of existence; to obliterate."
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"obliterate",
"obliterate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To destroy; to strike out of existence; to obliterate."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To scrape as if with a razor."
],
"links": [
[
"scrape",
"scrape#Verb"
],
[
"razor",
"razor"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To scrape as if with a razor."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "拆毀"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chāihuǐ",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "拆毁"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "夷為平地"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yíwéipíngdì",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "夷为平地"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "srovnat se zemí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zbourat"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to demolish",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdemolovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rasere"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "tuhota maan tasalle"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "hävittää maan tasalle"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "raser"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "edaphízō",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "ἐδαφίζω"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rífa niður"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "leggja í rúst"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "jafna við jörðu"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "rezigar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "abbattere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demolire"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "complānō"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "assolo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "tāhoro"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "zburzyć"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demolir"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "aniquilar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "razrušatʹ do osnovanija",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "разрушать до основания"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "sravniti"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "arrasar"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "demoler"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "abatir"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to demolish",
"word": "aniquilar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "rasurar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tì",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "剃"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "削"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "radere al suolo"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "heu"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "raspar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyskablivatʹ",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "выскабливать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vyskrebatʹ",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "выскребать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to scrape as if with a razor",
"word": "rasurar"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with unknown or uncertain plurals",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "?"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "rhizome of ginger",
"word": "race"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of race (rhizome of ginger)."
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz",
"Rhymes:English/eɪz/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "razes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "raze (plural razes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A swinging fence in a watercourse to prevent cattle passing through."
],
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"fence",
"fence"
],
[
"watercourse",
"watercourse"
],
[
"cattle",
"cattle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɹeɪz/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"homophone": "raise"
},
{
"homophone": "rase"
},
{
"homophone": "rays"
},
{
"homophone": "rehs"
},
{
"homophone": "réis"
},
{
"homophone": "res"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-raise.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg/En-us-raise.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/En-us-raise.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-raze.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg/En-au-raze.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/En-au-raze.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "rāz"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"Friulian entries with incorrect language header",
"Friulian feminine nouns",
"Friulian lemmas",
"Friulian nouns",
"Friulian terms derived from South Slavic languages",
"Friulian terms derived from substrate languages",
"Friulian terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "zls",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "South Slavic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "raca"
},
"expansion": "Slovene raca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "rață"
},
"expansion": "Romanian rață",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly of South Slavic or substrate origin. Compare Slovene raca, Romanian rață.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "razis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "razis"
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"duck"
],
"links": [
[
"duck",
"duck"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"Friulian entries with incorrect language header",
"Friulian feminine nouns",
"Friulian lemmas",
"Friulian nouns"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "razza"
},
"expansion": "Italian razza",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compare Italian razza.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "razis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"10": "{{{3}}}s",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{2}}}",
"5": "plural",
"6": "razis",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{3}}}",
"9": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"pl": "razis"
},
"expansion": "raze f (plural razis)",
"name": "fur-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Friulian",
"lang_code": "fur",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"race"
],
"links": [
[
"race",
"race"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"breed"
],
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"strain"
],
"links": [
[
"strain",
"strain"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "fr",
"3": "raser"
},
"expansion": "French raser",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French raser.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ht",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "raze",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Haitian Creole",
"lang_code": "ht",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Haitian Creole entries with incorrect language header",
"Haitian Creole lemmas",
"Haitian Creole terms derived from French",
"Haitian Creole terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Haitian Creole verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to shave"
],
"links": [
[
"shave",
"shave"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɣaze/"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
{
"categories": [
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian non-lemma forms",
"Romanian noun forms",
"Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "raze f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rază"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n## indefinite genitive/dative singular\n## indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural",
"indefinite genitive/dative singular"
],
"links": [
[
"rază",
"rază#Romanian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n"
],
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "rază"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n## indefinite genitive/dative singular\n## indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural",
"indefinite nominative/accusative/genitive/dative plural"
],
"links": [
[
"rază",
"rază#Romanian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of rază:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "[ˈraze]"
}
],
"word": "raze"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.