"leaven" meaning in All languages combined

See leaven on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈlɛv.ən/ [UK, US], [ˈlɛvn̩] [UK, US] Audio: en-us-leaven.ogg [US] Forms: leavens [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛvən Etymology: From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|levayn}} Middle English levayn, {{der|en|fro|levain}} Old French levain, {{der|en|VL.|*levāmen}} Vulgar Latin *levāmen, {{der|en|la|levō||raise}} Latin levō (“raise”) Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} leaven (countable and uncountable, plural leavens)
  1. Any agent used to make dough rise or to have a similar effect on baked goods. Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (topical): Cooking Synonyms (any agent used to make dough rise): leavening agent, raising agent Hypernyms (any agent used to make dough rise): agent, substance Hyponyms (any agent used to make dough rise): baking powder, yeast Translations (any agent used to make dough rise): ζύμη (zúmē) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), خَمِيرَة (ḵamīra) [feminine] (Arabic), թթխմոր (tʻtʻxmor) (Armenian), maya (Azerbaijani), набухвател (nabuhvatel) [masculine] (Bulgarian), llevat [masculine] (Catalan), ھەوێن (hewên) (Central Kurdish), 酵母 (jiàomǔ) (Chinese Mandarin), 麵肥 (Chinese Mandarin), 面肥 (miànféi) (Chinese Mandarin), xocotextli (Classical Nahuatl), gwel [masculine] (Cornish), rijsmiddel [neuter] (Dutch), fermentilo (Esperanto), nostatusaine (Finnish), levain [masculine] (French), ferment [masculine] (French), levan [masculine] (Friulian), lévedo [masculine] (Galician), fermento [masculine] (Galician), isco [masculine] (Galician), Treibmittel [neuter] (German), Triebmittel [neuter] (German), Ferment [neuter] (German), 𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄 (beist) [neuter] (Gothic), שאור (s'or) (Hebrew), kovász (Hungarian), élesztő (Hungarian), hefo (Ido), gabháil [masculine] (Irish), lievito (Italian), パン種 (pan-dane) (Japanese), 膨張剤 (bōchōzai) (alt: ぼうちょうざい) (Japanese), rauga [feminine] (Latvian), raugas [masculine] (Lithuanian), bahan penaik (Malay), jastee [masculine] (Manx), jiastyn [feminine] (Manx), soorid [masculine] (Manx), rēwena (Maori), sour dogh (Middle English), levayn (Middle English), havên (Northern Kurdish), hevingsmiddel [neuter] (Norwegian), levam [masculine] (Occitan), квасъ (kvasŭ) [masculine] (Old Church Slavonic), مایه (maya) (Ottoman Turkish), مایه (mâye) (Persian), zaczyn [masculine] (Polish), fermento [masculine] (Portuguese), levedura [feminine] (Portuguese), plămădeală [feminine] (Romanian), maia [feminine] (Romanian), covoseală [feminine] (Romanian), plămadă [feminine] (Romanian), levon [masculine] (Romansch), levànt [masculine] (Romansch), lavamaint [masculine] (Romansch), tschadamaint [masculine] (Romansch), alvo (Romansch), alvamaint [masculine] (Romansch), заква́ска (zakváska) [feminine] (Russian), разрыхли́тель (razryxlítelʹ) (alt: те́ста) [masculine] (Russian), criscenti (Sicilian), levadura [feminine] (Spanish), polvos de hornear [masculine, plural] (Spanish), chachu [class-9] (Swahili), hamira (Swahili), lebadura (Tagalog), maya (Turkish), levà [masculine] (Venetian), lewin [masculine] (Walloon), surdoes [masculine] (Welsh), eples [masculine] (Welsh), lefain [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-noun-LgMVN~pQ Disambiguation of Cooking: 22 5 24 20 14 7 7 Disambiguation of 'any agent used to make dough rise': 98 2 Disambiguation of 'any agent used to make dough rise': 98 2 Disambiguation of 'any agent used to make dough rise': 98 2 Disambiguation of 'any agent used to make dough rise': 98 2
  2. (figurative) Anything that induces change, especially a corrupting or vitiating change. Tags: countable, figuratively, uncountable
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-noun-3JVE-LJ3
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: leavenless, natural leaven

Verb [English]

IPA: /ˈlɛv.ən/ [UK, US], [ˈlɛvn̩] [UK, US] Audio: en-us-leaven.ogg [US] Forms: leavens [present, singular, third-person], leavening [participle, present], leavened [participle, past], leavened [past]
Rhymes: -ɛvən Etymology: From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|levayn}} Middle English levayn, {{der|en|fro|levain}} Old French levain, {{der|en|VL.|*levāmen}} Vulgar Latin *levāmen, {{der|en|la|levō||raise}} Latin levō (“raise”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} leaven (third-person singular simple present leavens, present participle leavening, simple past and past participle leavened)
  1. (transitive) To add a leavening agent. Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Cooking Translations (to add leavening): nostattaa (Finnish), hefizar (Ido), lievitare (Italian), leudar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-verb-lPOS~05e Disambiguation of Cooking: 22 5 24 20 14 7 7 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 26 10 41 4 4 1 14 Disambiguation of 'to add leavening': 77 11 5 4 3
  2. (transitive) To cause to rise by fermentation. Tags: transitive Categories (topical): Cooking Translations (to cause to rise by fermentation): 膨鬆 (Chinese Mandarin), 膨松 (péngsōng) (Chinese Mandarin), nostattaa (Finnish), kohottaa (Finnish), faire lever (French), faire fermenter (French), levedar (Galician), keleszt (Hungarian), megkeleszt (Hungarian), erjeszt (Hungarian), lievitare (Italian), rēwena (Maori), heve (Norwegian), وراوردن (varâvardan) (Persian), leudar (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-verb-jsl7hZij Disambiguation of Cooking: 22 5 24 20 14 7 7 Disambiguation of 'to cause to rise by fermentation': 1 95 1 1 2
  3. (transitive, figuratively) To temper an action or decision. Tags: figuratively, transitive Categories (topical): Cooking
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-verb-LvnKzRGC Disambiguation of Cooking: 22 5 24 20 14 7 7
  4. (transitive, figuratively) To imbue; to infect; to vitiate. Tags: figuratively, transitive
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-verb-0gLsnZVu
  5. To rise or become larger.
    Sense id: en-leaven-en-verb-tUcgPeF4
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: leven [obsolete] Derived forms: leavened, leavening, unleavened Related terms: yeast

Noun [West Frisian]

Head templates: {{head|fy|noun form}} leaven
  1. plural of leaf Tags: form-of, plural Form of: leaf
    Sense id: en-leaven-fy-noun-Gvup9yqN Categories (other): West Frisian entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for leaven meaning in All languages combined (20.2kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "leavenless"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "natural leaven"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "levayn"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English levayn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "levain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French levain",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*levāmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *levāmen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "levō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "raise"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin levō (“raise”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leavens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "leaven (countable and uncountable, plural leavens)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 5 24 20 14 7 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "en:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any agent used to make dough rise or to have a similar effect on baked goods."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "agent"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "substance"
        }
      ],
      "hyponyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "baking powder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "yeast"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-noun-LgMVN~pQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "agent",
          "agent"
        ],
        [
          "dough",
          "dough"
        ],
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "leavening agent"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "raising agent"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḵamīra",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "خَمِيرَة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "tʻtʻxmor",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "թթխմոր"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "maya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "nabuhvatel",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "набухвател"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "llevat"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "jiàomǔ",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "酵母"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "麵肥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "miànféi",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "面肥"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "nci",
          "lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "xocotextli"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "kw",
          "lang": "Cornish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gwel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "rijsmiddel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "fermentilo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "nostatusaine"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levain"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ferment"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lévedo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fermento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "isco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Treibmittel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Triebmittel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Ferment"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "got",
          "lang": "Gothic",
          "roman": "beist",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "zúmē",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ζύμη"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "s'or",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "שאור"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "kovász"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "élesztő"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "hefo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gabháil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "lievito"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "pan-dane",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "パン種"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "alt": "ぼうちょうざい",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "bōchōzai",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "膨張剤"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "hewên",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "ھەوێن"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "havên"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rauga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "raugas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "bahan penaik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jastee"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jiastyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "soorid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "rēwena"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "sour dogh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "enm",
          "lang": "Middle English",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "levayn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "hevingsmiddel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cu",
          "lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
          "roman": "kvasŭ",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "квасъ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "maya",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "مایه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "mâye",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "مایه"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zaczyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fermento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "levedura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "plămădeală"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "maia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "covoseală"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "plămadă"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levon"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levànt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lavamaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "tschadamaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "alvo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "rm",
          "lang": "Romansch",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "alvamaint"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "zakváska",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "заква́ска"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "alt": "те́ста",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "razryxlítelʹ",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "разрыхли́тель"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "criscenti"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "levadura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "polvos de hornear"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "class-9"
          ],
          "word": "chachu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "sw",
          "lang": "Swahili",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "hamira"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "lebadura"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "word": "maya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "levà"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "wa",
          "lang": "Walloon",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lewin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "surdoes"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "eples"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "98 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lefain"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1926, T.E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom, New York: Anchor, published 1991, page 213",
          "text": "The leaven of insincerity worked through all the fibres of his being.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that induces change, especially a corrupting or vitiating change."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-noun-3JVE-LJ3",
      "links": [
        [
          "corrupting",
          "corrupt"
        ],
        [
          "vitiating",
          "vitiate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Anything that induces change, especially a corrupting or vitiating change."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "figuratively",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛv.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlɛvn̩]",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛvən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-leaven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg/En-us-leaven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leavened"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leavening"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "unleavened"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "levayn"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English levayn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "levain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French levain",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*levāmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *levāmen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "levō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "raise"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin levō (“raise”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leavens",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavening",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavened",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavened",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "leaven (third-person singular simple present leavens, present participle leavening, simple past and past participle leavened)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "yeast"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "26 10 41 4 4 1 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 5 24 20 14 7 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "en:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To add a leavening agent."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-verb-lPOS~05e",
      "links": [
        [
          "leavening agent",
          "leavening agent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To add a leavening agent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "77 11 5 4 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to add leavening",
          "word": "nostattaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "77 11 5 4 3",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "to add leavening",
          "word": "hefizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "77 11 5 4 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to add leavening",
          "word": "lievitare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "77 11 5 4 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to add leavening",
          "word": "leudar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 5 24 20 14 7 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "en:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause to rise by fermentation."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-verb-jsl7hZij",
      "links": [
        [
          "fermentation",
          "fermentation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To cause to rise by fermentation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "膨鬆"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "péngsōng",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "膨松"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "nostattaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "kohottaa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "faire lever"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "faire fermenter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "levedar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "keleszt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "megkeleszt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "erjeszt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "lievitare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "rēwena"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "heve"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "varâvardan",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "وراوردن"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 95 1 1 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
          "word": "leudar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 5 24 20 14 7 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cooking",
          "orig": "en:Cooking",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To temper an action or decision."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-verb-LvnKzRGC",
      "links": [
        [
          "temper",
          "temper"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "decision",
          "decision"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figuratively) To temper an action or decision."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1649, John Milton, Eikonoklastes, London, published 1756, page 30",
          "text": "With these and the like deceivable doctrines, he levens also his prayer.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1716, Thomas Browne, edited by Samuel Johnson, Christian Morals, 2nd edition, London: J. Payne, published 1756, Part I, p. 7",
          "text": "[…] pursue virtue virtuously: leven not good actions, nor render virtues disputable. Stain not fair acts with foul intentions […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To imbue; to infect; to vitiate."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-verb-0gLsnZVu",
      "links": [
        [
          "imbue",
          "imbue"
        ],
        [
          "infect",
          "infect"
        ],
        [
          "vitiate",
          "vitiate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figuratively) To imbue; to infect; to vitiate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To rise or become larger."
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-en-verb-tUcgPeF4",
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛv.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlɛvn̩]",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛvən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-leaven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg/En-us-leaven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "leven"
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "leaven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "West Frisian",
  "lang_code": "fy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "leaf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of leaf"
      ],
      "id": "en-leaven-fy-noun-Gvup9yqN",
      "links": [
        [
          "leaf",
          "leaf#West Frisian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvən",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvən/2 syllables",
    "en:Cooking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "leavenless"
    },
    {
      "word": "natural leaven"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "levayn"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English levayn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "levain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French levain",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*levāmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *levāmen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "levō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "raise"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin levō (“raise”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leavens",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "leaven (countable and uncountable, plural leavens)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hypernyms": [
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "agent"
    },
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "substance"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "baking powder"
    },
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "yeast"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any agent used to make dough rise or to have a similar effect on baked goods."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "agent",
          "agent"
        ],
        [
          "dough",
          "dough"
        ],
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1926, T.E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom, New York: Anchor, published 1991, page 213",
          "text": "The leaven of insincerity worked through all the fibres of his being.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Anything that induces change, especially a corrupting or vitiating change."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "corrupting",
          "corrupt"
        ],
        [
          "vitiating",
          "vitiate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) Anything that induces change, especially a corrupting or vitiating change."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "figuratively",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛv.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlɛvn̩]",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛvən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-leaven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg/En-us-leaven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "leavening agent"
    },
    {
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "raising agent"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḵamīra",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "خَمِيرَة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "tʻtʻxmor",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "թթխմոր"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "maya"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "nabuhvatel",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "набухвател"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "llevat"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jiàomǔ",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "酵母"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "麵肥"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "miànféi",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "面肥"
    },
    {
      "code": "nci",
      "lang": "Classical Nahuatl",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "xocotextli"
    },
    {
      "code": "kw",
      "lang": "Cornish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gwel"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "rijsmiddel"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "fermentilo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "nostatusaine"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levain"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ferment"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levan"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lévedo"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fermento"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "isco"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Treibmittel"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Triebmittel"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Ferment"
    },
    {
      "code": "got",
      "lang": "Gothic",
      "roman": "beist",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍃𐍄"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "zúmē",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ζύμη"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "s'or",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "שאור"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "kovász"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "élesztő"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "hefo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gabháil"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "lievito"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "pan-dane",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "パン種"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ぼうちょうざい",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "bōchōzai",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "膨張剤"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "hewên",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "ھەوێن"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "havên"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rauga"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "raugas"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "bahan penaik"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jastee"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jiastyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "soorid"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "rēwena"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "sour dogh"
    },
    {
      "code": "enm",
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "levayn"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "hevingsmiddel"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levam"
    },
    {
      "code": "cu",
      "lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
      "roman": "kvasŭ",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "квасъ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "maya",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "مایه"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "mâye",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "مایه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zaczyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fermento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "levedura"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "plămădeală"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "maia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "covoseală"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "plămadă"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levon"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levànt"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lavamaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "tschadamaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "alvo"
    },
    {
      "code": "rm",
      "lang": "Romansch",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "alvamaint"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "zakváska",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "заква́ска"
    },
    {
      "alt": "те́ста",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "razryxlítelʹ",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "разрыхли́тель"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "criscenti"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "levadura"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "polvos de hornear"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "class-9"
      ],
      "word": "chachu"
    },
    {
      "code": "sw",
      "lang": "Swahili",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "hamira"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "lebadura"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "word": "maya"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "levà"
    },
    {
      "code": "wa",
      "lang": "Walloon",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lewin"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "surdoes"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "eples"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "any agent used to make dough rise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lefain"
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvən",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛvən/2 syllables",
    "en:Cooking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "leavened"
    },
    {
      "word": "leavening"
    },
    {
      "word": "unleavened"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "levayn"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English levayn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "levain"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French levain",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "VL.",
        "3": "*levāmen"
      },
      "expansion": "Vulgar Latin *levāmen",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "levō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "raise"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin levō (“raise”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English levayn, borrowed from Old French levain, from Vulgar Latin *levāmen, a noun based on Latin levō (“raise”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leavens",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavening",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavened",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leavened",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "leaven (third-person singular simple present leavens, present participle leavening, simple past and past participle leavened)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "yeast"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To add a leavening agent."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leavening agent",
          "leavening agent"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To add a leavening agent."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To cause to rise by fermentation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fermentation",
          "fermentation"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To cause to rise by fermentation."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To temper an action or decision."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "temper",
          "temper"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "decision",
          "decision"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figuratively) To temper an action or decision."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1649, John Milton, Eikonoklastes, London, published 1756, page 30",
          "text": "With these and the like deceivable doctrines, he levens also his prayer.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1716, Thomas Browne, edited by Samuel Johnson, Christian Morals, 2nd edition, London: J. Payne, published 1756, Part I, p. 7",
          "text": "[…] pursue virtue virtuously: leven not good actions, nor render virtues disputable. Stain not fair acts with foul intentions […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To imbue; to infect; to vitiate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "imbue",
          "imbue"
        ],
        [
          "infect",
          "infect"
        ],
        [
          "vitiate",
          "vitiate"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, figuratively) To imbue; to infect; to vitiate."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To rise or become larger."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rise",
          "rise"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛv.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈlɛvn̩]",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛvən"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-leaven.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg/En-us-leaven.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/En-us-leaven.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "leven"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to add leavening",
      "word": "nostattaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "to add leavening",
      "word": "hefizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to add leavening",
      "word": "lievitare"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to add leavening",
      "word": "leudar"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "膨鬆"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "péngsōng",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "膨松"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "nostattaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "kohottaa"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "faire lever"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "faire fermenter"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "levedar"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "keleszt"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "megkeleszt"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "erjeszt"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "lievitare"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "rēwena"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "heve"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "varâvardan",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "وراوردن"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "to cause to rise by fermentation",
      "word": "leudar"
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fy",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "leaven",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "West Frisian",
  "lang_code": "fy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
        "West Frisian non-lemma forms",
        "West Frisian noun forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "leaf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of leaf"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leaf",
          "leaf#West Frisian"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "leaven"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.