"gravel" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crunchy-gravel drama"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel bicycle"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel bike"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel-blind"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel cruncher"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel nest"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel pit"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel road"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel road cop"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel stop"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel trap"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "gravel-walk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "kidney gravel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "pea gravel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "shell gravel"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gravel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grauel"
      },
      "expansion": "grauel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "grave",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gravel, seashore"
      },
      "expansion": "grave (“gravel, seashore”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "grava"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin grava",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*grāwā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gravel, pebbles"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "groa"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton groa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish grow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gro"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gro",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰroh₁weh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰreh₁w-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "græfa",
        "t": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English græfa (“coal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (usually uncountable, plural gravels)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "alluvium"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-7pIgp9Tl",
      "links": [
        [
          "Small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "fragment",
          "fragment"
        ],
        [
          "rock",
          "rock"
        ],
        [
          "bed",
          "bed"
        ],
        [
          "road",
          "road"
        ],
        [
          "railway",
          "railway"
        ],
        [
          "ballast",
          "ballast"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "çakëll"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hakëll"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "zhavorr"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥaṣā",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "حَصَى"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ḥaṣbāʔ",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "حَصْبَاء"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "çınqıl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "legar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "muger"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "hartxintxar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "eu",
          "lang": "Basque",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "hartxinga"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "žvir",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "жвір"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "hrávij",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "гра́вій"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "bcl",
          "lang": "Bikol Central",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "graba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "čakǎ́l",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "чакъ́л"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "balástra",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "бала́стра"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ce",
          "lang": "Chechen",
          "roman": "žağa",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "жагӏа"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "礫石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "lìshí",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "砾石"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "štěrk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "grus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "ral"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "grind"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "gruzo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "kruus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "sora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "graviers"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "gravillons"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "glerie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brita"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cascallo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grixo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rebo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "xreši",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "ხრეში"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Schotter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kiesel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "chalíki",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "χαλίκι"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "kákhlēx",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "κάχληξ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "khálix",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "χάλιξ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "haw",
          "lang": "Hawaiian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "ʻiliʻili makaliʻi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "khatsáts",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "חָצָץ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "bajrī",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "बजरी"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "kavics"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "sóder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "murva"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "möl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "kerikil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gairbhéal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ghiaia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "alt": "じゃり",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jari",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "砂利"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "qiyrşyq tas",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "қиыршық тас"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "gravii",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "гравий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "kruəh",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "ក្រួស"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "jagal",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "자갈"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "çew",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "چەو"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ckb",
          "lang": "Central Kurdish",
          "roman": "zîx",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "زیخ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "xîz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "şagıl",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "шагыл"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ltg",
          "lang": "Latgalian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "žvyrs"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "glārea"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grants"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "žvyras"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "lmo",
          "lang": "Lombard",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "lb",
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kiselsteen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "čákal",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ча́кал"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "grágor",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "гра́гор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "batu kerikil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mnc",
          "lang": "Manchu",
          "roman": "yanggūwan",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "ᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡᠸᠠᠨ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "matakirikiri"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "kirikiri"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "kiripōhatu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "bulš",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "булш"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine",
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "grus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "pukk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "kum",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "قوم"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "żwir"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cascalho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "brita"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gravilha"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "rawra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "pietriș"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "grávij",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "гра́вий"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "giarra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sc",
          "lang": "Sardinian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "grevel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "colloquial",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "šoder"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "шљу́нак"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "šljúnak"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "brecciu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "bricciulinu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "scn",
          "lang": "Sicilian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ghiara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "štrk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gramoz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "grušč"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "prod"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gravilla"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "grus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "graba"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "gasang"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "sangreza",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "сангреза"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "šaġal",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "шағал"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "grùuat",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "กรวด"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "bo",
          "lang": "Tibetan",
          "roman": "bye rdo",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "བྱེ་རྡོ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "txb",
          "lang": "Tocharian B",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "yare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "çakıl"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "hrávij",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "гра́вій"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "shëghil",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "شېغىل"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "shagʻal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "giara"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "vec",
          "lang": "Venetian",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jera"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "word": "sỏi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "70 13 2 9 1 1 3",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "small fragments of rock",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "graean"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A type or grade of small rocks, differentiated by mineral type, size range, or other characteristics."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-K0Lmc~fZ",
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "8 62 3 20 2 2 4",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gravier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 62 3 20 2 2 4",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "ḥatsats",
          "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "חָצָץ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "8 62 3 20 2 2 4",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cascalho"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Geology",
          "orig": "en:Geology",
          "parents": [
            "Earth sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 13 19 3 18 19 1 1 1 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-Kou7-5Um",
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "particle",
          "particle"
        ],
        [
          "mm",
          "mm"
        ],
        [
          "diameter",
          "diameter"
        ],
        [
          "Wentworth scale",
          "Wentworth scale"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, geology) A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "word": "sora"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gravier"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kies"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "word": "kavics"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cascalho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 2 79 4 3 1 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "calcolo"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 13 19 3 18 19 1 1 1 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1848, J. S. Skinner & Son, editor, The Plough, The Loom and the Anvil, volume I, Philadelphia: J. S. Skinner & Son, page 137",
          "text": "The great use of coffee in France is supposed to have abated the prevalency of the gravel, for where coffee is used as a constant beverage, the gravel and the gout are scarcely known.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-NnKXWbSI",
      "links": [
        [
          "Kidney stone",
          "kidney stone"
        ],
        [
          "calculous",
          "calculous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, archaic) Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "10 26 7 45 3 4 6",
          "sense": "small stones or pebbles",
          "word": "chisel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "10 26 7 45 3 4 6",
          "sense": "small stones or pebbles",
          "word": "chessil"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 11 13 57 3 3 9",
          "sense": "calculus deposit",
          "word": "stones"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 11 13 57 3 3 9",
          "sense": "calculus deposit",
          "word": "gallstones"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1817, William Johnson, editor, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Judicature, E. F. Backus, page 211",
          "text": "The defendant below hired the horse to go from Cocksackie to Schodack, and the next day after his arrival at the latter place, the horse was found to be lame in one foot; and the lameness increasing, the defendant below was obliged to leave the horse there, and hire another with which to return. About four weeks after, the horse was brought home, and showed signs of gravel working out above the hoof.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1972, James Herriot, All Creatures Great and Small, St. Martin's Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 22",
          "text": "'Looks like pus in the foot to me.'\n'I'll bet you're right,' Farnon said. 'They call it gravel around here, by the way. What do you suggest we do about it?'",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lameness in the foot of a horse, usually caused by an abscess."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-5zIb0hMc",
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ],
        [
          "abscess",
          "abscess"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 13 19 3 18 19 1 1 1 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1943, Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb: The Common Soldier of the Confederacy, The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 255",
          "text": "A malady that was rare, but which because of its peculiarity elicited much comment, was \"night blindness\" or \"gravel.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inability to see at night; night blindness."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-H3izRp2Z",
      "links": [
        [
          "night blindness",
          "night blindness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Inability to see at night; night blindness."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cycling",
          "orig": "en:Cycling",
          "parents": [
            "Transport",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 13 19 3 18 19 1 1 1 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-noun-hszY5Qsb",
      "links": [
        [
          "cycling",
          "cycling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "gravel cycling",
          "gravel cycling"
        ],
        [
          "road cycling",
          "road cycling"
        ],
        [
          "mountain biking",
          "mountain biking"
        ],
        [
          "cyclocross",
          "cyclocross"
        ],
        [
          "gravel road",
          "gravel road"
        ],
        [
          "gravel bike",
          "gravel bike"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, cycling) gravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "cycling",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹævəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ævəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gravel.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gravel"
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gravel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grauel"
      },
      "expansion": "grauel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "grave",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gravel, seashore"
      },
      "expansion": "grave (“gravel, seashore”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "grava"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin grava",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*grāwā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gravel, pebbles"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "groa"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton groa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish grow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gro"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gro",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰroh₁weh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰreh₁w-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "græfa",
        "t": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English græfa (“coal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravels",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++",
        "past2": "graveled",
        "pres_ptc2": "graveling"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (third-person singular simple present gravels, present participle gravelling or graveling, simple past and past participle gravelled or graveled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1905, John F. Hume, The Abolitionists",
          "text": "We kept quietly on our way until we reached a place in the road that had been freshly graveled, and where the surface was covered with stones just suited to our use.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-fc8pigaO",
      "links": [
        [
          "apply",
          "apply"
        ],
        [
          "layer",
          "layer"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "sorata"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "schottern"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "graviizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "stonizar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "agghiaiare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "gruse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "rociar con grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "salpicar con grava"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "96 1 1 0 1 1",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
          "word": "grusa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1922, Herbert Quick, Vandemark's Folly",
          "text": "It graveled me like sixty to pay such a price, but I had to do it because the season was just between hay and grass.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To puzzle or annoy."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-gC1TIdtn",
      "links": [
        [
          "puzzle",
          "puzzle"
        ],
        [
          "annoy",
          "annoy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To puzzle or annoy."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1605, William Camden, “Grave Speeches and wittie Apothegms of worthy Personages of this Realm in former times,” in Remaines Concerning Britain, London: Simon Miller, sixth impression, 1657, p. 243,\nWilliam Conqerour when he invaded this Iland, chanced at his arrival to be gravelled, and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand, that he fell to the ground."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-tbRGjZQU",
      "links": [
        [
          "run",
          "run"
        ],
        [
          "aground",
          "aground"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1579, Sir Thomas North, tr., Plutarch's Lives, The Life of Marcus Antonius",
          "text": "The physician was so gravelled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, “Ch. VIII”, in A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier",
          "text": "[…] I arrived at a spot where I was completely gravelled, and could go no farther one way or the other; […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To check or stop; to confound; to perplex."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-0RHqFFn7",
      "links": [
        [
          "check",
          "check"
        ],
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "confound",
          "confound"
        ],
        [
          "perplex",
          "perplex"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To check or stop; to confound; to perplex."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-mVeaJduq",
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ],
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 5 13 19 3 18 19 1 1 1 1 1 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To prostrate; to beat to the ground."
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-en-verb-kEUKaWC1",
      "links": [
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, slang, archaic) To prostrate; to beat to the ground."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "slang",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹævəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ævəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gravel.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gravel"
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "English gravel",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English gravel.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-",
        "g2": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel m or n (uncountable)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧vel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Tennis",
          "orig": "nl:Tennis",
          "parents": [
            "Ball games",
            "Racquet sports",
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "claycourt (surface for playing tennis)"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-nl-noun-qUVwc5ZL",
      "links": [
        [
          "claycourt",
          "claycourt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gravel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/Nl-gravel.ogg/Nl-gravel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Nl-gravel.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "#"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel f (invariable)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "durable bicycle capable of riding over gravel or other hard terrain; mountain bike"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-it-noun-8nMVna59",
      "links": [
        [
          "durable",
          "durable"
        ],
        [
          "bicycle",
          "bicycle"
        ],
        [
          "riding",
          "ride"
        ],
        [
          "gravel",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "terrain",
          "terrain"
        ],
        [
          "mountain bike",
          "mountain bike"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "invariable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mf",
        "2": "#"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel m or f (invariable)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bicycling competition on gravel or other hard terrain"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-it-noun-qhBEonI5",
      "links": [
        [
          "competition",
          "competition"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "invariable",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "inv": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (invariable)",
      "name": "it-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "68 28 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 29 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Italian pseudo-loans from English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mountain bike"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-it-adj-dFoVP2zw",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(relational) mountain bike"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "invariable",
        "relational"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grauayle",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grauayle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grauayle"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English grauayle",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele",
        "t": "sand"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele (“sand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English grauayle, from Old French gravele (“sand”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravelis",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "10": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "gravelis",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (plural gravelis)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gravelis"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (plural gravelis)",
      "name": "sco-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scots",
  "lang_code": "sco",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Scots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c1400, Troy-bk, Die Fragmente des Trojankrieges",
          "text": "The stryndes … Rynnand throw gravaile quhyt & clene",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sand, gravel"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-sco-noun-rlqGzUtx",
      "links": [
        [
          "sand",
          "sand"
        ],
        [
          "gravel",
          "gravel"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Middle Scots",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Scots) sand, gravel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Scots",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 55 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pebbles"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-sco-noun-Nuar98y0",
      "links": [
        [
          "pebbles",
          "pebbles"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Middle Scots",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Scots, in the plural) pebbles"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the disease so named"
      ],
      "id": "en-gravel-sco-noun-TuoUJWAN",
      "links": [
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "English gravel",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English gravel.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-",
        "g2": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel m or n (uncountable)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "gra‧vel"
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
        "Dutch lemmas",
        "Dutch masculine nouns",
        "Dutch neuter nouns",
        "Dutch nouns",
        "Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
        "Dutch terms borrowed from English",
        "Dutch terms derived from English",
        "Dutch terms with audio links",
        "Dutch uncountable nouns",
        "nl:Tennis"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "claycourt (surface for playing tennis)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "claycourt",
          "claycourt"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-gravel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/90/Nl-gravel.ogg/Nl-gravel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Nl-gravel.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for review of Telugu translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ævəl",
    "Rhymes:English/ævəl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "crunchy-gravel drama"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel bicycle"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel bike"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel-blind"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel cruncher"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel nest"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel pit"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel road"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel road cop"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel stop"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel trap"
    },
    {
      "word": "gravel-walk"
    },
    {
      "word": "kidney gravel"
    },
    {
      "word": "pea gravel"
    },
    {
      "word": "shell gravel"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gravel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grauel"
      },
      "expansion": "grauel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "grave",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gravel, seashore"
      },
      "expansion": "grave (“gravel, seashore”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "grava"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin grava",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*grāwā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gravel, pebbles"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "groa"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton groa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish grow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gro"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gro",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰroh₁weh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰreh₁w-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "græfa",
        "t": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English græfa (“coal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravels",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "s"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (usually uncountable, plural gravels)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "alluvium"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Small",
          "small"
        ],
        [
          "fragment",
          "fragment"
        ],
        [
          "rock",
          "rock"
        ],
        [
          "bed",
          "bed"
        ],
        [
          "road",
          "road"
        ],
        [
          "railway",
          "railway"
        ],
        [
          "ballast",
          "ballast"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable) Small fragments of rock, used for laying on the beds of roads and railways, and as ballast."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A type or grade of small rocks, differentiated by mineral type, size range, or other characteristics."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Geology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "particle",
          "particle"
        ],
        [
          "mm",
          "mm"
        ],
        [
          "diameter",
          "diameter"
        ],
        [
          "Wentworth scale",
          "Wentworth scale"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, geology) A particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter, following the Wentworth scale."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1848, J. S. Skinner & Son, editor, The Plough, The Loom and the Anvil, volume I, Philadelphia: J. S. Skinner & Son, page 137",
          "text": "The great use of coffee in France is supposed to have abated the prevalency of the gravel, for where coffee is used as a constant beverage, the gravel and the gout are scarcely known.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Kidney stone",
          "kidney stone"
        ],
        [
          "calculous",
          "calculous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, archaic) Kidney stones; a deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1817, William Johnson, editor, Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Supreme Court of Judicature, E. F. Backus, page 211",
          "text": "The defendant below hired the horse to go from Cocksackie to Schodack, and the next day after his arrival at the latter place, the horse was found to be lame in one foot; and the lameness increasing, the defendant below was obliged to leave the horse there, and hire another with which to return. About four weeks after, the horse was brought home, and showed signs of gravel working out above the hoof.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1972, James Herriot, All Creatures Great and Small, St. Martin's Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 22",
          "text": "'Looks like pus in the foot to me.'\n'I'll bet you're right,' Farnon said. 'They call it gravel around here, by the way. What do you suggest we do about it?'",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lameness in the foot of a horse, usually caused by an abscess."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "horse",
          "horse"
        ],
        [
          "abscess",
          "abscess"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1943, Bell Irvin Wiley, The Life of Johnny Reb: The Common Soldier of the Confederacy, The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 255",
          "text": "A malady that was rare, but which because of its peculiarity elicited much comment, was \"night blindness\" or \"gravel.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inability to see at night; night blindness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "night blindness",
          "night blindness"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Inability to see at night; night blindness."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare",
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "en:Cycling"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "gravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cycling",
          "cycling#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "gravel cycling",
          "gravel cycling"
        ],
        [
          "road cycling",
          "road cycling"
        ],
        [
          "mountain biking",
          "mountain biking"
        ],
        [
          "cyclocross",
          "cyclocross"
        ],
        [
          "gravel road",
          "gravel road"
        ],
        [
          "gravel bike",
          "gravel bike"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncountable, cycling) gravel cycling, a discipline in cycling different from road cycling, mountain biking or cyclocross, for a large part on gravel roads, typically with a dedicated gravel bike"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "cycling",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹævəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ævəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gravel.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "small stones or pebbles",
      "word": "chisel"
    },
    {
      "sense": "small stones or pebbles",
      "word": "chessil"
    },
    {
      "sense": "calculus deposit",
      "word": "stones"
    },
    {
      "sense": "calculus deposit",
      "word": "gallstones"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "çakëll"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hakëll"
    },
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "zhavorr"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥaṣā",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "حَصَى"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ḥaṣbāʔ",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "حَصْبَاء"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "çınqıl"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "legar"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "muger"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "hartxintxar"
    },
    {
      "code": "eu",
      "lang": "Basque",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "hartxinga"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "žvir",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "жвір"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "hrávij",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "гра́вій"
    },
    {
      "code": "bcl",
      "lang": "Bikol Central",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "graba"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "čakǎ́l",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "чакъ́л"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "balástra",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "бала́стра"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "ce",
      "lang": "Chechen",
      "roman": "žağa",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "жагӏа"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "礫石"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "lìshí",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "砾石"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "štěrk"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "grus"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "ral"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "grind"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "gruzo"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "kruus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "sora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "graviers"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "gravillons"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "glerie"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brita"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cascallo"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grixo"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rebo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "xreši",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "ხრეში"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kies"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Schotter"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kiesel"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "chalíki",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "χαλίκι"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "kákhlēx",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "κάχληξ"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "khálix",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "χάλιξ"
    },
    {
      "code": "haw",
      "lang": "Hawaiian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "ʻiliʻili makaliʻi"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "khatsáts",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "חָצָץ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "bajrī",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "बजरी"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "kavics"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "sóder"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "murva"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "möl"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "kerikil"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gairbhéal"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ghiaia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じゃり",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jari",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "砂利"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "qiyrşyq tas",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "қиыршық тас"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "gravii",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "гравий"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "kruəh",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "ក្រួស"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "jagal",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "자갈"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "çew",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "چەو"
    },
    {
      "code": "ckb",
      "lang": "Central Kurdish",
      "roman": "zîx",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "زیخ"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "xîz"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "şagıl",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "шагыл"
    },
    {
      "code": "ltg",
      "lang": "Latgalian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "žvyrs"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "glārea"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grants"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "žvyras"
    },
    {
      "code": "lmo",
      "lang": "Lombard",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gera"
    },
    {
      "code": "lb",
      "lang": "Luxembourgish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kiselsteen"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "čákal",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ча́кал"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "grágor",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "гра́гор"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "batu kerikil"
    },
    {
      "code": "mnc",
      "lang": "Manchu",
      "roman": "yanggūwan",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "ᠶᠠᠩᡤᡡᠸᠠᠨ"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "matakirikiri"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "kirikiri"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "kiripōhatu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "bulš",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "булш"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "grus"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "pukk"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "kum",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "قوم"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "żwir"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cascalho"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "brita"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gravilha"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "rawra"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "pietriș"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "grávij",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "гра́вий"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "giarra"
    },
    {
      "code": "sc",
      "lang": "Sardinian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zara"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "grevel"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "šoder"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "шљу́нак"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "šljúnak"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "brecciu"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "bricciulinu"
    },
    {
      "code": "scn",
      "lang": "Sicilian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ghiara"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "štrk"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gramoz"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "grušč"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "prod"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gravilla"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "grus"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "graba"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "gasang"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "sangreza",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "сангреза"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "šaġal",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "шағал"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "grùuat",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "กรวด"
    },
    {
      "code": "bo",
      "lang": "Tibetan",
      "roman": "bye rdo",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "བྱེ་རྡོ"
    },
    {
      "code": "txb",
      "lang": "Tocharian B",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "yare"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "çakıl"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "hrávij",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "гра́вій"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "shëghil",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "شېغىل"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "shagʻal"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "giara"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gera"
    },
    {
      "code": "vec",
      "lang": "Venetian",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jera"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "word": "sỏi"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "small fragments of rock",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "graean"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gravier"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "ḥatsats",
      "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "חָצָץ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "type or grade of small rocks",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cascalho"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "word": "sora"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gravier"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kies"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "word": "kavics"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cascalho"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gravier"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "particle from 2 to 64 mm in diameter",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "calcolo"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gravel"
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Requests for review of Telugu translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ævəl",
    "Rhymes:English/ævəl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English gravel",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "grauel"
      },
      "expansion": "grauel",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fro",
        "2": "grave",
        "3": "",
        "4": "gravel, seashore"
      },
      "expansion": "grave (“gravel, seashore”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ML.",
        "3": "grava"
      },
      "expansion": "Medieval Latin grava",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*grāwā",
        "4": "",
        "5": "gravel, pebbles"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "groa"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton groa",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kw",
        "2": "grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Cornish grow",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "gro"
      },
      "expansion": "Welsh gro",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰroh₁weh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*gʰreh₁w-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to grind"
      },
      "expansion": "*gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "græfa",
        "t": "coal"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English græfa (“coal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English gravel, grauel, from Old French gravele, diminutive of grave (“gravel, seashore”), from Medieval Latin grava, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *grāwā (“gravel, pebbles”) (compare Breton groa, Cornish grow, Welsh gro), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰroh₁weh₂, from *gʰreh₁w- (“to grind”). Compare also Old English græfa (“coal”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravels",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveling",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gravelled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveled",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "graveled",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "++",
        "past2": "graveled",
        "pres_ptc2": "graveling"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (third-person singular simple present gravels, present participle gravelling or graveling, simple past and past participle gravelled or graveled)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1905, John F. Hume, The Abolitionists",
          "text": "We kept quietly on our way until we reached a place in the road that had been freshly graveled, and where the surface was covered with stones just suited to our use.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "apply",
          "apply"
        ],
        [
          "layer",
          "layer"
        ],
        [
          "surface",
          "surface"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1922, Herbert Quick, Vandemark's Folly",
          "text": "It graveled me like sixty to pay such a price, but I had to do it because the season was just between hay and grass.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To puzzle or annoy."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "puzzle",
          "puzzle"
        ],
        [
          "annoy",
          "annoy"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To puzzle or annoy."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "1605, William Camden, “Grave Speeches and wittie Apothegms of worthy Personages of this Realm in former times,” in Remaines Concerning Britain, London: Simon Miller, sixth impression, 1657, p. 243,\nWilliam Conqerour when he invaded this Iland, chanced at his arrival to be gravelled, and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand, that he fell to the ground."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "run",
          "run"
        ],
        [
          "aground",
          "aground"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1579, Sir Thomas North, tr., Plutarch's Lives, The Life of Marcus Antonius",
          "text": "The physician was so gravelled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1830, Joseph Plumb Martin, “Ch. VIII”, in A Narrative of Some of the Adventures, Dangers and Sufferings of a Revolutionary Soldier",
          "text": "[…] I arrived at a spot where I was completely gravelled, and could go no farther one way or the other; […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To check or stop; to confound; to perplex."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "check",
          "check"
        ],
        [
          "stop",
          "stop"
        ],
        [
          "confound",
          "confound"
        ],
        [
          "perplex",
          "perplex"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To check or stop; to confound; to perplex."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hurt",
          "hurt"
        ],
        [
          "lame",
          "lame"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English slang",
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To prostrate; to beat to the ground."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "prostrate",
          "prostrate"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, slang, archaic) To prostrate; to beat to the ground."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "slang",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɡɹævəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ævəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gravel.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/36/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gravel.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "sorata"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "schottern"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "graviizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "stonizar"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "agghiaiare"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "gruse"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "rociar con grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "salpicar con grava"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "To apply a layer of gravel to the surface of a road, etc",
      "word": "grusa"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "gravel"
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjectives",
    "Italian countable nouns",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian feminine nouns",
    "Italian indeclinable adjectives",
    "Italian indeclinable nouns",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian masculine nouns",
    "Italian nouns",
    "Italian nouns with multiple genders",
    "Italian pseudo-loans from English",
    "Italian terms derived from English",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "#"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel f (invariable)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "durable bicycle capable of riding over gravel or other hard terrain; mountain bike"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "durable",
          "durable"
        ],
        [
          "bicycle",
          "bicycle"
        ],
        [
          "riding",
          "ride"
        ],
        [
          "gravel",
          "#English"
        ],
        [
          "terrain",
          "terrain"
        ],
        [
          "mountain bike",
          "mountain bike"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "invariable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjectives",
    "Italian countable nouns",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian feminine nouns",
    "Italian indeclinable adjectives",
    "Italian indeclinable nouns",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian masculine nouns",
    "Italian nouns",
    "Italian nouns with multiple genders",
    "Italian pseudo-loans from English",
    "Italian terms derived from English",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mf",
        "2": "#"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel m or f (invariable)",
      "name": "it-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bicycling competition on gravel or other hard terrain"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "competition",
          "competition"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "invariable",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Italian 2-syllable words",
    "Italian adjectives",
    "Italian countable nouns",
    "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Italian feminine nouns",
    "Italian indeclinable adjectives",
    "Italian indeclinable nouns",
    "Italian lemmas",
    "Italian masculine nouns",
    "Italian nouns",
    "Italian nouns with multiple genders",
    "Italian pseudo-loans from English",
    "Italian terms derived from English",
    "Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl",
    "Rhymes:Italian/ɔl/2 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "it",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "gravel"
      },
      "expansion": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel",
      "name": "pseudo-loan"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "2015",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "2015"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in 2015.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Pseudo-anglicism, derived from gravel. First attested in 2015.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "inv": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (invariable)",
      "name": "it-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Italian",
  "lang_code": "it",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Italian relational adjectives"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "mountain bike"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(relational) mountain bike"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "invariable",
        "relational"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɡrɛˈvɔl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔl"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Scots entries with incorrect language header",
    "Scots lemmas",
    "Scots nouns",
    "Scots terms derived from Middle English",
    "Scots terms derived from Old French",
    "Scots terms inherited from Middle English"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grauayle",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English grauayle",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "grauayle"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English grauayle",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "2": "fro",
        "3": "gravele",
        "t": "sand"
      },
      "expansion": "Old French gravele (“sand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English grauayle, from Old French gravele (“sand”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gravelis",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sco",
        "10": "",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "gravelis",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (plural gravelis)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gravelis"
      },
      "expansion": "gravel (plural gravelis)",
      "name": "sco-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scots",
  "lang_code": "sco",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Scots",
        "Requests for translations of Scots quotations",
        "Scots terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "(please add an English translation of this quotation)",
          "ref": "c1400, Troy-bk, Die Fragmente des Trojankrieges",
          "text": "The stryndes … Rynnand throw gravaile quhyt & clene",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sand, gravel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sand",
          "sand"
        ],
        [
          "gravel",
          "gravel"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Middle Scots",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Scots) sand, gravel"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Scots"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "pebbles"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pebbles",
          "pebbles"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Middle Scots",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Scots, in the plural) pebbles"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "in-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "the disease so named"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "disease",
          "disease"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gravel"
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2517",
  "msg": "UNIMPLEMENTED parse_translation_template: trans-top-see {1: 'archaic: kidney stone', 2: 'kidney stone'}",
  "path": [
    "gravel",
    "trans-top-see"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "gravel",
  "trace": ""
}