See puru in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*puru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *puru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "purra",
"3": "-u",
"t1": "to bite"
},
"expansion": "purra (“to bite”) + -u",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "puru"
},
"expansion": "Finnish puru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "puru"
},
"expansion": "Estonian puru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *puru, equivalent to purra (“to bite”) + -u. Cognates include Finnish puru and Estonian puru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "puru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purrua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purrui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purulois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "puruiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "purunna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purruun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purunt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "puru",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ru"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ru"
]
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ingrian terms suffixed with -u",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gravel (small fragments of stone)"
],
"id": "en-puru-izh-noun-xsMUydP3",
"links": [
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuru/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuru]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuru/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuru]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uru"
}
],
"word": "puru"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*puru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *puru",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "purra",
"3": "-u",
"t1": "to bite"
},
"expansion": "purra (“to bite”) + -u",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "puru"
},
"expansion": "Finnish puru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "puru"
},
"expansion": "Estonian puru",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic *puru, equivalent to purra (“to bite”) + -u. Cognates include Finnish puru and Estonian puru.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "izh-decl/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "no gradation",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "4/koivu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "puru",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purut",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purrua",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloja",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purruu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purrui",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloihe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purulois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purust",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloist",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purulle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloille",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloil",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purult",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloilt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "puruiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloiks",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "purunna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "purruun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloinna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purruin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "purunt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "puruint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "puruloint",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"exessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "puru",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pu‧ru"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pu‧ru"
]
}
],
"lang": "Ingrian",
"lang_code": "izh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ingrian entries with incorrect language header",
"Ingrian lemmas",
"Ingrian nouns",
"Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
"Ingrian terms suffixed with -u",
"Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/uru",
"Rhymes:Ingrian/uru/2 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"gravel (small fragments of stone)"
],
"links": [
[
"gravel",
"gravel"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuru/",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuru]",
"tags": [
"Ala-Laukaa"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpuru/",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈpuru]",
"tags": [
"Soikkola"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uru"
}
],
"word": "puru"
}
Download raw JSONL data for puru meaning in Ingrian (4.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ingrian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (a681f8a and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.