See dungeon on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dungeon meaning in All languages combined (28.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeonable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon crawl"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon crawler"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon master"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon mastering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon-mastering"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dungeon monitor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "instance dungeon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "multi-user dungeon"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sex dungeon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dongeoun",
"t": "the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "donjon",
"t": "main tower inside a fortress, castle residence"
},
"expansion": "Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*dominiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dominus",
"t": "master, lord"
},
"expansion": "Latin dominus (“master, lord”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dung",
"4": "dung, dunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dung, dunge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dong",
"3": "dong, donge",
"id": "Hell",
"t": "pit of hell, abyss"
},
"expansion": "dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dung",
"id": "dungeon",
"t": "a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dung",
"t": "vault, cellar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”), from Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”), from Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem, derived from Latin dominus (“master, lord”). Also with semantics from Middle English dung, dunge, dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”) or its etymon Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”), from Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”). The shift in reference from a tower to an underground chamber used for imprisonment is apparently attested in Anglo-Norman (although not in the French of the continent). An early manuscript (c1300) of the Middle English poem A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule contains the lines \"Þe erþe hemsulf it lek aȝeyn, Anon þe donge it was fordit\" which are replaced in the later Vernon manuscript (c1390) by \"The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit.\"\nThe game term has been popularized by Dungeons & Dragons.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dungeons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dungeon (plural dungeons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oubliette"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground prison or vault, typically built underneath a castle."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-hnGzxpuk",
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground"
],
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"vault",
"vault"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dhomë e nëndheshmë"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zinzāna",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "زِنْزَانَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zndan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "զնդան"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎmnica",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тъмница"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabós"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tàvega"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masmorra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìláo",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "地牢"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "fangekælder"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerker"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "eo",
"english": "(prison)",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "karcero"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "ublieto"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "forgesejo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "forgeskelo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "vankityrmä"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tyrmä"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oubliette"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "câbozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baño"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cárcere"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dilegi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეგი"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verlies"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kerker"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "bountroúmi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μπουντρούμι"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "górgura",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γόργυρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tzinóq",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צִינוֹק"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāl koṭhrī",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "काल कोठरी"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāksī",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भाकसी"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kārāgār",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कारागार"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "andhkup",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "अंधकुप"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "qaidxānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क़ैदख़ाना"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kaidkhānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कैदखाना"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bandīghar",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बन्दीघर"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhūgŕh",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भूगृह"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tahkhānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "तहखाना"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "kazamata"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "földalatti börtön"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tömlöc"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dýflissa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "karcero"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doinsiún"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prigione sotterranea"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "segreta"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"alt": "ちかろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chikarō",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "地下牢"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deonjeon",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "던전"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcer"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "robur"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "dileği",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეღი"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zandana",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зандана"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "poka herehere"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "dongeoun"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "dileḳi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეკი"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fangekjeller"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fangehull"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dung"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dimhūs"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "siyâhčâl",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "سیاهچال"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "goriče",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "گریچه"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loch"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciemnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masmorra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabouço"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calaboiço"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "temníca",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темни́ца"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sklep",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "склеп"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzemélʹje",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подземе́лье"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "донжон кула"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ječa"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mazmorra"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "dəlig",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დჷლიგ"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fängelsehåla"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "bartolina"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "zindan"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "temnýcja",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темни́ця"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidzeméllja",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підземе́лля"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tầng hâm"
},
{
"_dis1": "90 1 0 4 3 3",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roveyrece"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 21 14 3 20 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 3 16 26 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The low area between two drumlins."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-rikRxXXc",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"drumlin",
"drumlin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 21 14 3 20 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 3 16 26 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-eMapvKQi",
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"motte",
"motte"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"donjon",
"donjon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre mestra"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre de l'homenatge"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "城堡主樓"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chéngbǎo zhǔlóu",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "城堡主楼"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "樓櫓"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lóulǔ",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "楼橹"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "loĝejturo"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "keskustorni"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachot"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochel"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Donjon"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "vártorony"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "torrione"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "dongeoun"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donżon"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre de menagem"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnaja bášnja",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гла́вная ба́шня"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "donžón",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "донжо́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 1 96 0 1 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mazmorra"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"A shrewd person."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-VfcXTOlP",
"links": [
[
"shrewd",
"shrewd#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A shrewd person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Games",
"orig": "en:Games",
"parents": [
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 14 3 20 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 3 16 26 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An area inhabited by enemies, containing story objectives, treasure, and bosses."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-J4~-IH~U",
"links": [
[
"games",
"game#Noun"
],
[
"enemies",
"enemy"
],
[
"treasure",
"treasure"
],
[
"bosses",
"boss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(games) An area inhabited by enemies, containing story objectives, treasure, and bosses."
],
"topics": [
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "BDSM",
"orig": "en:BDSM",
"parents": [
"Sexuality",
"Human behaviour",
"Sex",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Reproduction",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 21 14 3 20 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 20 2 16 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 3 16 26 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 14 12 2 19 27 19",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rooms",
"orig": "en:Rooms",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Architecture",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A room dedicated to sadomasochistic sexual activity."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-noun-UJjujSkZ",
"links": [
[
"BDSM",
"BDSM"
],
[
"sadomasochistic",
"sadomasochistic"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(BDSM) A room dedicated to sadomasochistic sexual activity."
],
"topics": [
"BDSM",
"lifestyle",
"sexuality"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dungeon"
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dongeoun",
"t": "the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "donjon",
"t": "main tower inside a fortress, castle residence"
},
"expansion": "Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*dominiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dominus",
"t": "master, lord"
},
"expansion": "Latin dominus (“master, lord”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dung",
"4": "dung, dunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dung, dunge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dong",
"3": "dong, donge",
"id": "Hell",
"t": "pit of hell, abyss"
},
"expansion": "dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dung",
"id": "dungeon",
"t": "a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dung",
"t": "vault, cellar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”), from Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”), from Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem, derived from Latin dominus (“master, lord”). Also with semantics from Middle English dung, dunge, dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”) or its etymon Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”), from Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”). The shift in reference from a tower to an underground chamber used for imprisonment is apparently attested in Anglo-Norman (although not in the French of the continent). An early manuscript (c1300) of the Middle English poem A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule contains the lines \"Þe erþe hemsulf it lek aȝeyn, Anon þe donge it was fordit\" which are replaced in the later Vernon manuscript (c1390) by \"The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit.\"\nThe game term has been popularized by Dungeons & Dragons.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dungeons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dungeon (third-person singular simple present dungeons, present participle dungeoning, simple past and past participle dungeoned)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 21 14 3 20 17 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 13 13 3 16 26 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 14 12 5 16 19 24",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Prison",
"orig": "en:Prison",
"parents": [
"Buildings",
"Law enforcement",
"Buildings and structures",
"Crime prevention",
"Emergency services",
"Law",
"Architecture",
"Crime",
"Public safety",
"Justice",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Public administration",
"Security",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Government",
"Fundamental",
"Politics"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1830, William Cobbett, History of the Regency and Reign of King George the Fourth",
"text": "Of every act of severity, of every bold violation of the constitution, of every bill for dungeoning and gagging the people, of every tax, of every loan, of all that set frugality at defiance, and that mocked at mercy, these men had been either the authors or the most strenuous supporters […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To imprison in a dungeon."
],
"id": "en-dungeon-en-verb-nllZJ4qR",
"links": [
[
"imprison",
"imprison"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To imprison in a dungeon."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dungeon",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dongeoun"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dongeoun"
],
"id": "en-dungeon-enm-noun-XSR3Pi3t",
"links": [
[
"dongeoun",
"dongeoun#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰengʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Marathi translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"en:Prison",
"en:Rooms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "dungeonable"
},
{
"word": "dungeon crawl"
},
{
"word": "dungeon crawler"
},
{
"word": "dungeon master"
},
{
"word": "dungeon mastering"
},
{
"word": "dungeon-mastering"
},
{
"word": "dungeon monitor"
},
{
"word": "instance dungeon"
},
{
"word": "multi-user dungeon"
},
{
"word": "sex dungeon"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dongeoun",
"t": "the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "donjon",
"t": "main tower inside a fortress, castle residence"
},
"expansion": "Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*dominiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dominus",
"t": "master, lord"
},
"expansion": "Latin dominus (“master, lord”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dung",
"4": "dung, dunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dung, dunge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dong",
"3": "dong, donge",
"id": "Hell",
"t": "pit of hell, abyss"
},
"expansion": "dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dung",
"id": "dungeon",
"t": "a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
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"t": "vault, cellar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”), from Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”), from Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem, derived from Latin dominus (“master, lord”). Also with semantics from Middle English dung, dunge, dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”) or its etymon Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”), from Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”). The shift in reference from a tower to an underground chamber used for imprisonment is apparently attested in Anglo-Norman (although not in the French of the continent). An early manuscript (c1300) of the Middle English poem A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule contains the lines \"Þe erþe hemsulf it lek aȝeyn, Anon þe donge it was fordit\" which are replaced in the later Vernon manuscript (c1390) by \"The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit.\"\nThe game term has been popularized by Dungeons & Dragons.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dungeons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dungeon (plural dungeons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
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{
"word": "oubliette"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An underground prison or vault, typically built underneath a castle."
],
"links": [
[
"underground",
"underground"
],
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"vault",
"vault"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The low area between two drumlins."
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"area",
"area"
],
[
"drumlin",
"drumlin"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon."
],
"links": [
[
"tower",
"tower"
],
[
"motte",
"motte"
],
[
"castle",
"castle"
],
[
"keep",
"keep"
],
[
"donjon",
"donjon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) The main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A shrewd person."
],
"links": [
[
"shrewd",
"shrewd#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A shrewd person."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Games"
],
"glosses": [
"An area inhabited by enemies, containing story objectives, treasure, and bosses."
],
"links": [
[
"games",
"game#Noun"
],
[
"enemies",
"enemy"
],
[
"treasure",
"treasure"
],
[
"bosses",
"boss"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(games) An area inhabited by enemies, containing story objectives, treasure, and bosses."
],
"topics": [
"games"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:BDSM"
],
"glosses": [
"A room dedicated to sadomasochistic sexual activity."
],
"links": [
[
"BDSM",
"BDSM"
],
[
"sadomasochistic",
"sadomasochistic"
],
[
"sexual",
"sexual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(BDSM) A room dedicated to sadomasochistic sexual activity."
],
"topics": [
"BDSM",
"lifestyle",
"sexuality"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dhomë e nëndheshmë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zinzāna",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "زِنْزَانَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "zndan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "զնդան"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "tǎmnica",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "тъмница"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabós"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tàvega"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masmorra"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "dìláo",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "地牢"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "fangekælder"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kerker"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"english": "(prison)",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "karcero"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "ublieto"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "forgesejo"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "forgeskelo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "vankityrmä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tyrmä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oubliette"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "câbozo"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baño"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cárcere"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "dilegi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეგი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Verlies"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kerker"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "bountroúmi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "μπουντρούμι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "górgura",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γόργυρα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "tzinóq",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "צִינוֹק"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kāl koṭhrī",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "काल कोठरी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhāksī",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भाकसी"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kārāgār",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कारागार"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "andhkup",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "अंधकुप"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "qaidxānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "क़ैदख़ाना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kaidkhānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "कैदखाना"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bandīghar",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बन्दीघर"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "bhūgŕh",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "भूगृह"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "tahkhānā",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "तहखाना"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "kazamata"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "földalatti börtön"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tömlöc"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dýflissa"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "karcero"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "doinsiún"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "prigione sotterranea"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "segreta"
},
{
"alt": "ちかろう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "chikarō",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "地下牢"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "deonjeon",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "던전"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carcer"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "robur"
},
{
"code": "lzz",
"lang": "Laz",
"roman": "dileği",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეღი"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zandana",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "зандана"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "poka herehere"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "dongeoun"
},
{
"code": "xmf",
"lang": "Mingrelian",
"roman": "dileḳi",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დილეკი"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fangekjeller"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fangehull"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dung"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "dimhūs"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "siyâhčâl",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "سیاهچال"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "goriče",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "گریچه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "loch"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ciemnica"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "masmorra"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabouço"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calaboiço"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "temníca",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темни́ца"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sklep",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "склеп"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "podzemélʹje",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подземе́лье"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "донжон кула"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ječa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mazmorra"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "calabozo"
},
{
"code": "sva",
"lang": "Svan",
"roman": "dəlig",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "დჷლიგ"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fängelsehåla"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "bartolina"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "zindan"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "temnýcja",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "темни́ця"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "pidzeméllja",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "підземе́лля"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"word": "tầng hâm"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "underground prison or vault",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "roveyrece"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre mestra"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre de l'homenatge"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "城堡主樓"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "chéngbǎo zhǔlóu",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "城堡主楼"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "樓櫓"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lóulǔ",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "楼橹"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "loĝejturo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "keskustorni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donjon"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cachot"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crochel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Donjon"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "vártorony"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "torrione"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"word": "dongeoun"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "donżon"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "torre de menagem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "glávnaja bášnja",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "гла́вная ба́шня"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "donžón",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "донжо́н"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "the main tower of a motte or castle; a keep or donjon",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mazmorra"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"dungeon"
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰengʰ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Marathi translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"en:Prison",
"en:Rooms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dongeoun",
"t": "the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "donjon",
"t": "main tower inside a fortress, castle residence"
},
"expansion": "Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*dominiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "dominus",
"t": "master, lord"
},
"expansion": "Latin dominus (“master, lord”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "dung",
"4": "dung, dunge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English dung, dunge",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dong",
"3": "dong, donge",
"id": "Hell",
"t": "pit of hell, abyss"
},
"expansion": "dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dung",
"id": "dungeon",
"t": "a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon"
},
"expansion": "Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*dung",
"t": "vault, cellar"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English dongeoun (“the main tower and royal residence of a castle, fortress, stronghold; subterranean prison, dungeon, abyss; cave or den; whirlpool”), from Old French donjon (“main tower inside a fortress, castle residence”), from Vulgar Latin *dominiōnem, derived from Latin dominus (“master, lord”). Also with semantics from Middle English dung, dunge, dong, donge (“pit of hell, abyss”) or its etymon Old English dung (“a subterranean chamber; prison; dungeon”), from Proto-West Germanic *dung (“vault, cellar”). The shift in reference from a tower to an underground chamber used for imprisonment is apparently attested in Anglo-Norman (although not in the French of the continent). An early manuscript (c1300) of the Middle English poem A disputacion bytwene þe bodi and þe soule contains the lines \"Þe erþe hemsulf it lek aȝeyn, Anon þe donge it was fordit\" which are replaced in the later Vernon manuscript (c1390) by \"The eorthe closede hit self aȝeyn, And the dungoun was for-dit.\"\nThe game term has been popularized by Dungeons & Dragons.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "dungeons",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoning",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoned",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "dungeoned",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dungeon (third-person singular simple present dungeons, present participle dungeoning, simple past and past participle dungeoned)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1830, William Cobbett, History of the Regency and Reign of King George the Fourth",
"text": "Of every act of severity, of every bold violation of the constitution, of every bill for dungeoning and gagging the people, of every tax, of every loan, of all that set frugality at defiance, and that mocked at mercy, these men had been either the authors or the most strenuous supporters […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To imprison in a dungeon."
],
"links": [
[
"imprison",
"imprison"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To imprison in a dungeon."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/66/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dungeon.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "dungeon",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "dongeoun"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of dongeoun"
],
"links": [
[
"dongeoun",
"dongeoun#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "dungeon"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.