See carcer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carcerālis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carcerārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carcereus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "carcerō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "incarcerō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carcere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: carcere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: carcere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "càrziru"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: càrziru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: càrziru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "càrcer",
"3": "carçre"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan: càrcer, carçre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan: càrcer, carçre"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càrcer"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: càrcer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: càrcer"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chartre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chartre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chartre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "cárcele",
"3": "cárcel",
"4": "alcárcel"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: cárcele, cárcel, alcárcel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: cárcele, cárcel, alcárcel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "carcer"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: carcer, carcel\nGalician: cárcere\nPortuguese: cárcere",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: carcer, carcel\nGalician: cárcere\nPortuguese: cárcere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "carcel"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: carcel\nSpanish: cárcel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: carcel\nSpanish: cárcel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carcerate",
"3": "incarcerate",
"der": "1",
"qq": "learned"
},
"expansion": "⇒ English: carcerate, incarcerate (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ English: carcerate, incarcerate (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Karzer",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Karzer (learned)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Karzer (learned) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (karkara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (karkara)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "carcar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: carcar",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: carcar (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*karxar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *karxar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *karxar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "carhar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: carhar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: carhar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*karkārī",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *karkārī",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *karkārī (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carceră",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: carceră",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: carceră"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*karkros",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *karkros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*karkros"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Proto-Italic *karkros",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kr-kr-",
"t": "circular"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English ring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Italic *karkros, from Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of \"enclosure\", and as such a doublet of cancer. Cognate with circus, curvus, crux, crīnis, crispus, English ring. It is not known how the noun shifted to the third declension.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carceris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carcer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carceris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carceribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carceribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carcer/carcer<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "carcer m (genitive carceris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carcer/carcer<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"prison, jail"
],
"id": "en-carcer-la-noun-6QcC1esD",
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"jail",
"jail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tenebrae"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mediaeval"
],
"word": "carcellāria"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 49 6 15 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 57 10 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 73 6 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jailbird"
],
"id": "en-carcer-la-noun-pTIAxkZo",
"links": [
[
"jailbird",
"jailbird"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"traps (barriers at start of a horse race)"
],
"id": "en-carcer-la-noun-yK2ja4Qb",
"links": [
[
"traps",
"traps"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"commencement, beginning"
],
"id": "en-carcer-la-noun-VRz2xttX",
"links": [
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 19 16 20 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Equestrianism",
"orig": "la:Equestrianism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
46,
60
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "To be called back from the finish line to the starting gates.",
"text": "Ad carceres a calce revocari.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starting gate"
],
"id": "en-carcer-la-noun-n6VtF1iF",
"links": [
[
"starting",
"starting"
],
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.kɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.t͡ʃer]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carcer"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Equestrianism"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "carcerālis"
},
{
"word": "carcerārius"
},
{
"word": "carcereus"
},
{
"word": "carcerō"
},
{
"word": "incarcerō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "carcere"
},
"expansion": "Italian: carcere",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: carcere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "càrziru"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: càrziru",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: càrziru"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oca",
"2": "càrcer",
"3": "carçre"
},
"expansion": "Old Catalan: càrcer, carçre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Catalan: càrcer, carçre"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "càrcer"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: càrcer",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: càrcer"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chartre"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chartre",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chartre (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "cárcele",
"3": "cárcel",
"4": "alcárcel"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: cárcele, cárcel, alcárcel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: cárcele, cárcel, alcárcel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "carcer"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: carcer, carcel\nGalician: cárcere\nPortuguese: cárcere",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: carcer, carcel\nGalician: cárcere\nPortuguese: cárcere"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osp",
"2": "carcel"
},
"expansion": "Old Spanish: carcel\nSpanish: cárcel",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Spanish: carcel\nSpanish: cárcel"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "carcerate",
"3": "incarcerate",
"der": "1",
"qq": "learned"
},
"expansion": "⇒ English: carcerate, incarcerate (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ English: carcerate, incarcerate (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Karzer",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Karzer (learned)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Karzer (learned) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (karkara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Gothic: 𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰𐍂𐌰 (karkara)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "carcar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: carcar",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: carcar (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*karxar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *karxar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *karxar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbm",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Breton: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Breton: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "carhar"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: carhar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: carhar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "carchar"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: carchar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: carchar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*karkārī",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *karkārī",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-West Germanic: *karkārī (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "carceră",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: carceră",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: carceră"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*karkros",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *karkros",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*karkros"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Proto-Italic *karkros",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kr-kr-",
"t": "circular"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "doublet"
},
"expansion": "doublet",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ring"
},
"expansion": "English ring",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Proto-Italic *karkros, from Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”), reduplication of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of \"enclosure\", and as such a doublet of cancer. Cognate with circus, curvus, crux, crīnis, crispus, English ring. It is not known how the noun shifted to the third declension.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "carceris",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "carcer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carceris",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carceribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcere",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "carceribus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "carcer",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "carcerēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carcer/carcer<3>",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "carcer m (genitive carceris); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "carcer/carcer<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"prison, jail"
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"jail",
"jail"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "tenebrae"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mediaeval"
],
"word": "carcellāria"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"jailbird"
],
"links": [
[
"jailbird",
"jailbird"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"traps (barriers at start of a horse race)"
],
"links": [
[
"traps",
"traps"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"commencement, beginning"
],
"links": [
[
"commencement",
"commencement"
],
[
"beginning",
"beginning"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
46,
60
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"english": "To be called back from the finish line to the starting gates.",
"text": "Ad carceres a calce revocari.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starting gate"
],
"links": [
[
"starting",
"starting"
],
[
"gate",
"gate"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.kɛr]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkar.t͡ʃer]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "carcer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carcer meaning in Latin (8.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (5ee713e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.