See crony on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for crony meaning in All languages combined (9.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronyism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cronynomics"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "crony capitalism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "noncrony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Tony crony"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χρόνιος",
"4": "",
"5": "perennial, long-lasting"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χρόνιος (khrónios, “perennial, long-lasting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chrono-",
"3": "",
"4": "time"
},
"expansion": "chrono- (“time”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chrony"
},
"expansion": "chrony",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Coined between 1655 and 1665 from Ancient Greek χρόνιος (khrónios, “perennial, long-lasting”) (English chrono- (“time”), initially as Cambridge University slang, in sense of “chum”, as “friend of long standing”, with illegal connotation later.\nEarly spellings included chrony, as in 1665 diary by Samuel Pepys, supporting the Greek origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crony (plural cronies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noncrony"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cambridge University English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 49 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Corruption",
"orig": "en:Corruption",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Politics",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "en:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A close friend."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-ozjwV3vs",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close#Adjective"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, originally Cambridge University) A close friend."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "friend"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "adixkide"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "lagun xahar"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blizǎk prijatel",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "близък приятел"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìyǒu",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "挚友"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qúndài",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "裙带"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kámoš"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "semu"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freund"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "haver"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑntʰien mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "សន្ធានមិត្ត"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑlyaan mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "កល្យាណមិត្ត"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yetbeot",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "옛벗"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kuncu"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parceiro"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten la cataramă"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stallbroder"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "funtfadder"
},
{
"_dis1": "97 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vän"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 78 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 84 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 49 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Corruption",
"orig": "en:Corruption",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Politics",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "en:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-EaJmKVcI",
"links": [
[
"trusted",
"trusted#Adjective"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"partner",
"partner#Noun"
],
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "15 85",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crony.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "chrony"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University",
"Samuel Pepys",
"The New York Times",
"William Safire"
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crony (plural cronies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 49 40",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Corruption",
"orig": "en:Corruption",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Politics",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 42 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "en:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 40 60",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An old woman; a crone."
],
"id": "en-crony-en-noun-7-3nCBru",
"links": [
[
"crone",
"crone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old woman; a crone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crony.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni/2 syllables",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cronyism"
},
{
"word": "cronynomics"
},
{
"word": "crony capitalism"
},
{
"word": "noncrony"
},
{
"word": "Tony crony"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "χρόνιος",
"4": "",
"5": "perennial, long-lasting"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χρόνιος (khrónios, “perennial, long-lasting”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chrono-",
"3": "",
"4": "time"
},
"expansion": "chrono- (“time”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chrony"
},
"expansion": "chrony",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Coined between 1655 and 1665 from Ancient Greek χρόνιος (khrónios, “perennial, long-lasting”) (English chrono- (“time”), initially as Cambridge University slang, in sense of “chum”, as “friend of long standing”, with illegal connotation later.\nEarly spellings included chrony, as in 1665 diary by Samuel Pepys, supporting the Greek origin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crony (plural cronies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "noncrony"
}
],
"categories": [
"Cambridge University English",
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A close friend."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close#Adjective"
],
[
"friend",
"friend#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal, originally Cambridge University) A close friend."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "friend"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"links": [
[
"trusted",
"trusted#Adjective"
],
[
"companion",
"companion"
],
[
"partner",
"partner#Noun"
],
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"organization",
"organization"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(informal) A trusted companion or partner in a criminal organization."
],
"tags": [
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
},
{
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "chrony"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "adixkide"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "lagun xahar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blizǎk prijatel",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "близък приятел"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zhìyǒu",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "挚友"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qúndài",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "裙带"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kámoš"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "semu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kaveri"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kumpan"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "haver"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "sɑntʰien mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "សន្ធានមិត្ត"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kɑlyaan mit",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "កល្យាណមិត្ត"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yetbeot",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "옛벗"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "close friend",
"word": "kuncu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kompanjong"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parceiro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "prieten la cataramă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kóreš",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"slang"
],
"word": "ко́реш"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amigote"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stallbroder"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kumpan"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "funtfadder"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "close friend",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "vän"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "partner in crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kumpán"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Cambridge University",
"Samuel Pepys",
"The New York Times",
"William Safire"
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni",
"Rhymes:English/əʊni/2 syllables",
"en:Corruption",
"en:Crime",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "cronies",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "crony (plural cronies)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An old woman; a crone."
],
"links": [
[
"crone",
"crone"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) An old woman; a crone."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹoʊni/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɹəʊni/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊni"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-crony.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-crony.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "crony"
}
{
"called_from": "page/2386",
"msg": "inconsistent language codes no vs nb in translation item: 't' {1: 'nb', 2: 'kumpan', 3: 'm'}",
"path": [
"crony",
"t"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "crony",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.