See community on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for community meaning in All languages combined (64.5kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anticommunity"
},
{
"word": "noncommunity"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "anticommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "autonomous community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bedroom community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "biocommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "care in the community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "climax community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitarian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitarianism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitization"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community card"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community cat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "community center",
"word": "community centre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community chest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community college"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community development"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community immunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community interest company"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community language"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community manager"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community nurse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community of practice"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community organizer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community owned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community ownership"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community payback"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community policeman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community police officer"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community property"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community psychiatric nurse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community quarantine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community service"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community spirit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "community spread"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitywide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitywise"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cybercommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "Flemish community",
"word": "Flemish Community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gated community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "gateway community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intelligence community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intentional community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "international community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "intracommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "microcommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "noncommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "paleocommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pillar of the community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "plant community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pseudocommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "relational community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "retirement community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "security community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "speech community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subcommunity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "talent community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trans community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "unincorporated community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "virtual community"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "walled community"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "communite"
},
"expansion": "Middle English communite",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "communité"
},
"expansion": "Old French communité",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "comunité"
},
"expansion": "comunité",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "comunete"
},
"expansion": "comunete",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "communauté"
},
"expansion": "French communauté",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūnitās",
"4": "",
"5": "community; public spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūnitās (“community; public spirit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "commūnis",
"3": "",
"4": "common, ordinary; of or for the community, public"
},
"expansion": "commūnis (“common, ordinary; of or for the community, public”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-itās"
},
"expansion": "-itās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teh₂ts",
"4": "",
"5": "suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts (“suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "con-",
"3": "",
"4": "prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects"
},
"expansion": "con- (“prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cum",
"3": "",
"4": "with"
},
"expansion": "cum (“with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "along, at, next to, with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“along, at, next to, with”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to change, exchange"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to change, exchange”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "commune",
"3": "ity"
},
"expansion": "commune + -ity",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "communitas"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of communitas",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English communite, borrowed from Old French communité, comunité, comunete (modern French communauté), from Classical Latin commūnitās (“community; public spirit”), from commūnis (“common, ordinary; of or for the community, public”) + -itās (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts (“suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being”)). Commūnis is derived from con- (“prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects”) (from cum (“with”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“along, at, next to, with”)) + mūnus (“employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to change, exchange”)). Ostensibly equivalent to commune + -ity. Doublet of communitas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "communities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "community (countable and uncountable, plural communities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"com‧mun‧i‧ty"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "subcommunity"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "common"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commonalty"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commonship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "commune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communication"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communism"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communitive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "communiversity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1586, Giraldus Cambrensis [i.e., Gerald of Wales], “[https://books.google.com/books?id=ASFEAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP83 The Irish Historie Composed and Written by Giraldus Cambrensis, […] ]”, in Iohn Hooker alias Vowell [i.e., John Hooker], transl., The Second Volume of Chronicles: […], [s.l.]: [s.n.], →OCLC",
"text": "[W]e are not borne to our ſelues alone, but the prince, the countrie, the parents, freends, wiues, children and familie, euerie of them doo claime an intereſt in vs, and to euerie of them we muſt be beneficiall: otherwiſe we doo degenerate from that communitie and ſocietie, which by ſuch offices by vs is to be conſtrued, & doo become moſt vnprofitable: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, being a Portion of The Recluse; a Poem, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC, book the fourth (Despondency Corrected), page 161",
"text": "Nor wanting here, to entertain the thought, / Creatures, that in communities exist, / Less, at might seem, for general guardianship / Or through dependance upon mutual aid, / Than by participation of delight / And a strict love of fellowship, combined.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1827, Henry Hallam, “On the English Constitution from Henry VII to Mary”, in The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII to the Death of George II, volume I, Paris: Printed for L. Baudry, at the English, Italian, German and Spanish Library, No. 9, rue du Coq-Saint-Honoré; Lefèvre, bookseller, No. 8, rue de l'Éperon, →OCLC, page 17",
"text": "Henry VII obtained from his first parliament a grant of tonnage and poundage during life, according to several precedents of former reigns. But when general subsidies were granted, the same people […] twice broke out into dangerous rebellions; and as these, however arising from such immediate discontent, were yet connected a good deal with the opinion of Henry's usurpation, and the claims of a pretender, it was a necessary policy to avoid too frequent imposition of burdens upon the poorer classes of the community.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1891 March 15, Oscar Wilde, “The Soul of Man under Socialism”, in Oscar Wilde, William Morris, W[illiam] C[harles] Owen, The Soul of Man under Socialism, The Socialist Ideal—Art and The Coming Solidarity (The Humboldt Library of Science; no. 147), New York, N.Y.: The Humboldt Publishing Company, 28 Lafayette Place, →OCLC, pages 14–15",
"text": "As one reads history—not in the expurgated editions written for schoolboys and passmen, but in the original authorities of each time—one is absolutely sickened, not by the crimes that the wicked have committed, but by the punishments that the good have inflicted; and a community is infinitely more brutalized by the habitual employment of punishment, than it is by the occasional occurrence of crime.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Craig Dykstra, “Growing in Faith”, in Growing in the Life of Faith: Education and Christian Practices, 2nd edition, Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, page 40",
"text": "The process of coming to faith and growing in the life of faith is fundamentally a process of participation. […] The Presbyterian Confession of 1967 says that \"the new life takes shape in a community in which [human beings] know that God loves and accepts them in spite of what they are.\" In words that capture an older language, God uses the community of faith as \"means of grace.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalisation is about taxes too”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, archived from the original on 2016-11-16, page 19",
"text": "It is time the international community faced the reality: we have an unmanageable, unfair, distortionary global tax regime. It is a tax system that is pivotal in creating the increasing inequality that marks most advanced countries today – with America standing out in the forefront and the UK not far behind.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-Idvwh9Gt",
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristics",
"characteristic#Noun"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "komunitet"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mujtamaʕ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُجْتَمَع"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ijtimāʕ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِجْتِمَاع"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jamāʕa",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جَمَاعَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hamaynkʿ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "համայնք"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "icma"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ictimaiyyət"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yəmğiət",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "йәмғиәт"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "erkidego"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádstva",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "грама́дства"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramáda",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грама́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abščýna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абшчы́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vóbščyna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "во́бшчына"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "óbštestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "о́бщество"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštiná",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "община́"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "óbštnost",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́бщност"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社團"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shètuán",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社团"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同體"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "crk",
"lang": "Plains-Cree",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "mâmawâyâwin"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "společenství"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfund"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fællesskab"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komunumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "kogukond"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comuniá"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "yhteisö"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "communauté"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoeba",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "საზოგადოება"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gesellschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Community"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "gamainþs",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinótita",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοινότητα"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "koinōnía",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοινωνία"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'hilá",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קהילה \\ קְהִלָּה"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samāj",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समाज"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "saṅgh",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संघ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jamāt",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जमात"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "közösség"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "communitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cumann"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "komyuniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "コミュニティ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"alt": "きょうどうたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōdōtai",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kln",
"lang": "Kalenjin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kam",
"lang": "Kamba",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "njamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qauym",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "қауым"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jamağat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "жамағат"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qoğam",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "қоғам"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saʼhaʼkum",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "សហគមន៍"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ado"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "keomyuniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "커뮤니티"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"alt": "集團",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jipdan",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "집단"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"alt": "共同體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongdongche",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "공동체"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "civat"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sosyete"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jamaat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "жамаат"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "koom",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "коом"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "comunité"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "lo",
"english": "sum son",
"lang": "Lao",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ຊຸມຊົນ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "communitas"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopiena"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendruomenė"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ejamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zaednica",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "заедница"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "opština",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "општина"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komuniti"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "masyarakat"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunità"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "hapori"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "mer",
"lang": "Meru",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "banto"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfunn"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fellesskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfunn"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "fellesskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ġemǣnsċipe"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "ṭolᶕna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ټولنه"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "ejtemā'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اجتماع"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "jāme'a",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جامعه"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ejtemâ'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "اِجْتِماع"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jâme'e",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جامِعِه"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "społeczność"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soóbščestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "соо́бщество"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "óbščestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "о́бщество"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščína",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "общи́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kommúna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "комму́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "komʹjúniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "комью́нити"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "óbščnostʹ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́бщность"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "commonty"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poball"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coimhearsnachd"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "за̏једница"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "о̏пћина"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "о̏пштина"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "zȁjednica"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ȍpćina"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ȍpština"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoločenstvo"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidad"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samhälle"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jomea",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ҷомеа"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "ijtimoʾ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "иҷтимоъ"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jamoat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ҷамоат"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "cämgıyat’",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "җәмгыять"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "cämägat’",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "җәмәгать"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "samājamu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "సమాజము"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "saṅghamu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "సంఘము"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-kom",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ประชาคม"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chum-chon",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ชุมชน"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sānk"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "cemiyet"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"topics": [
"legal",
"law"
],
"word": "toplum"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komünote"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sosyete"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jemgyýet"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromáda",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грома́да"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spilʹnóta",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спільно́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "barādarī",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَرادَری"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kamyūniṭī",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کَمْیُونِٹی"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ijtimā'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِجْتِمَاع"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jamā’at",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جَماعَت"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jem'yet",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جەمئيەت"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jama'et",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جامائەت"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jem'iyet",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جەمئىيەت"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamoa"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamiyat"
},
{
"_dis1": "35 4 11 10 8 11 11 5 6",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "cộng đồng"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, “Fourteenth Century: Before and After”, in Therese Boos Dykeman, editor, The Neglected Canon: Nine Women Philosophers: First to the Twentieth Century, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, page 73",
"text": "The Beguines, an uncloistered religiously inspired woman's movement began about the year 1210 in Liége, Belgium. Generally the Beguines lived in community or in small cottages behind a wall. At times threatened as heretics, they were finally disbanded by the Reformation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A residential or religious collective; a commune."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun--L1fEvaw",
"links": [
[
"residential",
"residential"
],
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A residential or religious collective; a commune."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "milla",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مِلَّة"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "komúna",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кому́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "gmw-cfr",
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "Jemeinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "commune"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "komunumo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "yhteisö"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "kommuuni"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'hilá",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קהילה \\ קְהִלָּה"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "millat",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "मिल्लत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jamāt",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जमात"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "közösség"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"alt": "きょうどうたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōdōtai",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äleumet",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "әлеумет"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qoğamdastyq",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "қоғамдастық"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"alt": "共同體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongdongche",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "공동체"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunità"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kommunitet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kommunitet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wspólnota"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "ayllu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soóbščestvo",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "соо́бщество"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kommúna",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "комму́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "viś",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विश्"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coimhearsnachd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comuna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfund"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kollektiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bostadskollektiv"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "sānk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "cemaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "ümmet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jamā’at",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جماعت"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 85 3 3 0 3 1 1 4",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "millat",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ملت"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ecology",
"orig": "en:Ecology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, G[eorge] E[velyn] Hutchinson, E[dward] S[mith] Deevey, Jr., “Ecological Studies on Populations”, in George S. Avery, Jr., editor, Survey of Biological Progress, volume I, New York, N.Y.: Academic Press, page 325",
"text": "Synecology has for the objects of its study, not individual organisms but biological communities, which are groups of organisms living in a given space, the properties of which space select a certain assemblage of organisms of definite autecological characteristics. Such communities are moreover not merely collections of organisms of restricted autecology, but tend to become organized by the biotic relationships that exist beteen the various individuals comprising the community.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-ucAVh9mF",
"links": [
[
"ecology",
"ecology"
],
[
"interdependent",
"interdependent"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"inhabit",
"inhabit"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"interact",
"interact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, ecology) A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ecology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "yhdyskunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "eliöyhteisö"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khevrá",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חֶבְרָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"alt": "群集",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gunjip",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "군집"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samhälle"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "organismsamhälle"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 1 68 9 2 1 1 1 10",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "topluluk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Internet",
"orig": "en:Internet",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Networking",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Sandy Baldwin, “I Read My Spam”, in The Internet Unconscious: On the Subject of Electronic Literature (International Texts in Critical Media Aesthetics; 9), New York, N.Y., London: Bloomsbury Academic, section VI, page 89",
"text": "Spam texts are encoded but no decryption is possible. There is no plaintext message. I find them wonderful, and read them as poetics, as odd fragments generative of narrtives and scenography. I find the process of their production wonderful as well. The texts are written to elude community standards and means of censorship, and at the same time to enter and impose themselves into the standards and means for the community to read itself.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Aaron M. Duncan, “Shifting the Scene to Cyberspace: Internet Poker and the Rise of Tom Dwan”, in Gambling with the Myth of the American Dream (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society), New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon.: Routledge",
"text": "Online gaming communities develop their own language, history, routines, and relationships. The online poker community is no different, developing its own culture distinct from the traditional poker community. One asp[ect that differentiates internet poker from other online gaming communities is the presence of money, creating what [Edward] Castronova et al. (2009) refer to as a virtual economic system complete with its own rules and forces.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of people interacting by electronic means for educational, professional, social, or other purposes; a virtual community."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-YufSOw6J",
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"electronic",
"electronic"
],
[
"educational",
"educational"
],
[
"professional",
"professional#Adjective"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"virtual community",
"virtual community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Internet) A group of people interacting by electronic means for educational, professional, social, or other purposes; a virtual community."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, James G[eorge] Samra, “The Role of the Local Community in the Maturation Process”, in Being Conformed to Christ in Community: A Study of Maturity, Maturation and the Local Church in the Undisputed Pauline Epistles (Library of New Testament Studies; 320), paperback edition, London, New York, N.Y.: T&T Clark, published 2008, section 6.1 (Introduction), page 133",
"text": "We hope to demonstrate that Paul understood the local community to be the sphere in which and the means through which the five components of the maturation process were facilitated, thus concluding that Paul expected believers to be confirmed to Christ in community.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Bronwyn T. Williams, “A Sense of Where You Are: Literacy, Place, and Mobility”, in Literacy Practices and Perceptions of Agency: Composing Identities, New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon.: Routledge, page 128",
"text": "Writing groups and community writing spaces can provide that vitally important space for writing as well as potential benefits of support and accountability if people have the chance to talk about writing. Even if all that happens, however, is that people have a space to write in community with each other, the result is usually that writing becomes contagious.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-EhQHj3u~",
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
],
[
"attitude",
"attitude"
],
[
"interests",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"common",
"common#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spolunáležitost"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "yhteisöllisyys"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinschaft"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunanza"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "hapori"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gemenskap"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 0 2 2 82 2 2 1 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "topluluk"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a community of goods",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1689, [John Locke], “Of Adam’s Title to Sovereignty by Donation, Gen[esis] 1.28”, in Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, the False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter is an Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government, London: Printed for Awnsham Churchill, at the Black Swan in Ave-Mary-Lane, by Amen-Corner, published 1690, →OCLC; republished London: Printed for Awnsham and John Churchill, at the Black Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, 1698, →OCLC, page 39",
"text": "To conclude, this Text is ſo far from proving Adam Sole Proprietor, that on the contrary, it is a Confirmation of the Original Community of all Things amongſt the Sons of Men, which appearing from this Donation of God, as well as other places of Scripture; the Sovraignty of Adam, built upon his Private Dominion, muſt fall, not having any Foundation to ſupport it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1819 October 9, [Washington Irving], “The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. No. III. The Wife.”, in The Literary Gazette, and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, etc., volume III, number 142, London: Printed by William Pople, No. 67, Chancery Lane; published for the proprietors, at the Literary Gazette office, Strand; sold also by Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh; John Cumming, Dublin; and all other booksellers, newsmen, &c., →OCLC, page 649, column 1",
"text": "Besides, you are depriving yourself of the comforts of her sympathy; and not merely that, but also endangering the only bond that can keep hearts together—an unreserved community of thought and feeling.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Common enjoyment or possession; participation."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-tCwq5iY3",
"links": [
[
"enjoyment",
"enjoyment"
],
[
"possession",
"possession"
],
[
"participation",
"participation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) Common enjoyment or possession; participation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1797, John Wilde, Sequel to an Address to the Lately Formed Society of the Friends of the People, Edinburgh: Printed for Peter Hill; and T[homas] Cadell, Jun. and W. Davies, London, →OCLC, page 1",
"text": "We are now in the ninth year of the anarchy of France. […] A diſpoſition to peace has been diſplayed, without conſideration of the royal family of France. The natural horror at the effuſion of blood cannot be too ſtrong, and might of itſelf perſuade us to any ſort of peace; but it is a great queſtion, whether in this we ſhould loſe our natural horror at crime. Peace with France cannot be friendſhip with France. There can be no community between us and them, unleſs by allying ourſelves with murder, and ſanctioning and ſharing in the pillage of thieves.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1864, Herbert Spencer, “Growth”, in The Principles of Biology (A System of Synthetic Philosophy; II), volume I, London, Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, 14, Henrietta Steet, Covent Garden, London; and 20, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh, →OCLC, part II (The Inductions of Biology), § 43, pages 107–108",
"text": "The essential community of nature between organic growth and inorganic growth, is, however, most clearly seen on observing that they both result in the same way. The segregation of different kinds of detritus from each other, as well as from the water carrying them, and their aggregation into distinct strata, is but an instance of a universl tendency towards the union of like units and the parting of unlike units[…].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Common character; likeness."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-sXAKOLiV",
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Common character; likeness."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Commonness; frequency."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-MmGbfj26",
"links": [
[
"Commonness",
"commonness"
],
[
"frequency",
"frequency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Commonness; frequency."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 1 20 16 7 2 1 0 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 1 19 14 7 2 1 0 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 18 13 6 3 2 1 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 3 16 12 8 4 5 2 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 17 15 18 4 1 1 1 30",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "en:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A local area within a county or county borough which is the lowest tier of local government, usually represented by a community council or town council, which is generally equivalent to a civil parish in England."
],
"id": "en-community-en-noun-iHbRlqwf",
"links": [
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"county borough",
"county borough"
],
[
"civil parish",
"civil parish"
],
[
"England",
"England"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Wales, countable) A local area within a county or county borough which is the lowest tier of local government, usually represented by a community council or town council, which is generally equivalent to a civil parish in England."
],
"tags": [
"Wales",
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈmjuː.nɪ.ti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ti/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ɾi]",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-community.ogg/En-us-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/En-ca-community.ogg/En-ca-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/En-ca-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/En-au-community.ogg/En-au-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/En-au-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "kə-myo͞oʹnə-ti"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "communitie"
}
],
"word": "community"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "community"
},
"expansion": "English community",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English community.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "community's",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-'s",
"3": "-",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "community f or m (plural community's)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"com‧mu‧ni‧ty"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch nouns with f+m gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"community, particularly a virtual community or a group of people sharing common interests"
],
"id": "en-community-nl-noun-4w4Wwqpr",
"links": [
[
"community",
"#English"
],
[
"virtual community",
"virtual community"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gemeenschap"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔˈmjunɪti/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Nl-community.ogg/Nl-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Nl-community.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "community"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "en",
"3": "community"
},
"expansion": "English community",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English community.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "community's",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-'s",
"3": "-",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "community f or m (plural community's)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"com‧mu‧ni‧ty"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with f+m gender",
"Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -s",
"Dutch terms borrowed from English",
"Dutch terms derived from English",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"community, particularly a virtual community or a group of people sharing common interests"
],
"links": [
[
"community",
"#English"
],
[
"virtual community",
"virtual community"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɔˈmjunɪti/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Nl-community.ogg/Nl-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Nl-community.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gemeenschap"
}
],
"word": "community"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "anticommunity"
},
{
"word": "noncommunity"
}
],
"categories": [
"English 4-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- (change)",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -ity",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of Ewe translations",
"Requests for review of Georgian translations",
"Requests for review of Indonesian translations",
"Requests for review of Romanian translations",
"Requests for review of Sicilian translations",
"Requests for review of Swedish translations",
"en:Collectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anticommunity"
},
{
"word": "autonomous community"
},
{
"word": "bedroom community"
},
{
"word": "biocommunity"
},
{
"word": "care in the community"
},
{
"word": "climax community"
},
{
"word": "communitarian"
},
{
"word": "communitarianism"
},
{
"word": "communitization"
},
{
"word": "community card"
},
{
"word": "community cat"
},
{
"english": "community center",
"word": "community centre"
},
{
"word": "community chest"
},
{
"word": "community college"
},
{
"word": "community development"
},
{
"word": "community immunity"
},
{
"word": "community interest company"
},
{
"word": "community language"
},
{
"word": "community manager"
},
{
"word": "community nurse"
},
{
"word": "community of practice"
},
{
"word": "community organizer"
},
{
"word": "community owned"
},
{
"word": "community ownership"
},
{
"word": "community payback"
},
{
"word": "community policeman"
},
{
"word": "community police officer"
},
{
"word": "community property"
},
{
"word": "community psychiatric nurse"
},
{
"word": "community quarantine"
},
{
"word": "community service"
},
{
"word": "community spirit"
},
{
"word": "community spread"
},
{
"word": "communitywide"
},
{
"word": "communitywise"
},
{
"word": "cybercommunity"
},
{
"english": "Flemish community",
"word": "Flemish Community"
},
{
"word": "gated community"
},
{
"word": "gateway community"
},
{
"word": "intelligence community"
},
{
"word": "intentional community"
},
{
"word": "international community"
},
{
"word": "intracommunity"
},
{
"word": "microcommunity"
},
{
"word": "noncommunity"
},
{
"word": "paleocommunity"
},
{
"word": "pillar of the community"
},
{
"word": "plant community"
},
{
"word": "pseudocommunity"
},
{
"word": "relational community"
},
{
"word": "retirement community"
},
{
"word": "security community"
},
{
"word": "speech community"
},
{
"word": "subcommunity"
},
{
"word": "talent community"
},
{
"word": "trans community"
},
{
"word": "unincorporated community"
},
{
"word": "virtual community"
},
{
"word": "walled community"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey- (change)"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "communite"
},
"expansion": "Middle English communite",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "communité"
},
"expansion": "Old French communité",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "comunité"
},
"expansion": "comunité",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "comunete"
},
"expansion": "comunete",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "communauté"
},
"expansion": "French communauté",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "commūnitās",
"4": "",
"5": "community; public spirit"
},
"expansion": "Latin commūnitās (“community; public spirit”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "commūnis",
"3": "",
"4": "common, ordinary; of or for the community, public"
},
"expansion": "commūnis (“common, ordinary; of or for the community, public”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-itās"
},
"expansion": "-itās",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-teh₂ts",
"4": "",
"5": "suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts (“suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "con-",
"3": "",
"4": "prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects"
},
"expansion": "con- (“prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cum",
"3": "",
"4": "with"
},
"expansion": "cum (“with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "along, at, next to, with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“along, at, next to, with”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "mūnus",
"3": "",
"4": "employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation"
},
"expansion": "mūnus (“employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*mey-",
"4": "",
"5": "to change, exchange"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to change, exchange”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "commune",
"3": "ity"
},
"expansion": "commune + -ity",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "communitas"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of communitas",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English communite, borrowed from Old French communité, comunité, comunete (modern French communauté), from Classical Latin commūnitās (“community; public spirit”), from commūnis (“common, ordinary; of or for the community, public”) + -itās (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts (“suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being”)). Commūnis is derived from con- (“prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects”) (from cum (“with”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“along, at, next to, with”)) + mūnus (“employment, office, service; burden, duty, obligation”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to change, exchange”)). Ostensibly equivalent to commune + -ity. Doublet of communitas.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "communities",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "community (countable and uncountable, plural communities)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"com‧mun‧i‧ty"
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "subcommunity"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "common"
},
{
"word": "commonalty"
},
{
"word": "commonship"
},
{
"word": "communal"
},
{
"word": "commune"
},
{
"word": "communication"
},
{
"word": "communism"
},
{
"word": "communist"
},
{
"word": "communitive"
},
{
"word": "communiversity"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1586, Giraldus Cambrensis [i.e., Gerald of Wales], “[https://books.google.com/books?id=ASFEAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP83 The Irish Historie Composed and Written by Giraldus Cambrensis, […] ]”, in Iohn Hooker alias Vowell [i.e., John Hooker], transl., The Second Volume of Chronicles: […], [s.l.]: [s.n.], →OCLC",
"text": "[W]e are not borne to our ſelues alone, but the prince, the countrie, the parents, freends, wiues, children and familie, euerie of them doo claime an intereſt in vs, and to euerie of them we muſt be beneficiall: otherwiſe we doo degenerate from that communitie and ſocietie, which by ſuch offices by vs is to be conſtrued, & doo become moſt vnprofitable: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, being a Portion of The Recluse; a Poem, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC, book the fourth (Despondency Corrected), page 161",
"text": "Nor wanting here, to entertain the thought, / Creatures, that in communities exist, / Less, at might seem, for general guardianship / Or through dependance upon mutual aid, / Than by participation of delight / And a strict love of fellowship, combined.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1827, Henry Hallam, “On the English Constitution from Henry VII to Mary”, in The Constitutional History of England from the Accession of Henry VII to the Death of George II, volume I, Paris: Printed for L. Baudry, at the English, Italian, German and Spanish Library, No. 9, rue du Coq-Saint-Honoré; Lefèvre, bookseller, No. 8, rue de l'Éperon, →OCLC, page 17",
"text": "Henry VII obtained from his first parliament a grant of tonnage and poundage during life, according to several precedents of former reigns. But when general subsidies were granted, the same people […] twice broke out into dangerous rebellions; and as these, however arising from such immediate discontent, were yet connected a good deal with the opinion of Henry's usurpation, and the claims of a pretender, it was a necessary policy to avoid too frequent imposition of burdens upon the poorer classes of the community.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1891 March 15, Oscar Wilde, “The Soul of Man under Socialism”, in Oscar Wilde, William Morris, W[illiam] C[harles] Owen, The Soul of Man under Socialism, The Socialist Ideal—Art and The Coming Solidarity (The Humboldt Library of Science; no. 147), New York, N.Y.: The Humboldt Publishing Company, 28 Lafayette Place, →OCLC, pages 14–15",
"text": "As one reads history—not in the expurgated editions written for schoolboys and passmen, but in the original authorities of each time—one is absolutely sickened, not by the crimes that the wicked have committed, but by the punishments that the good have inflicted; and a community is infinitely more brutalized by the habitual employment of punishment, than it is by the occasional occurrence of crime.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Craig Dykstra, “Growing in Faith”, in Growing in the Life of Faith: Education and Christian Practices, 2nd edition, Louisville, Ky.: Westminster John Knox Press, page 40",
"text": "The process of coming to faith and growing in the life of faith is fundamentally a process of participation. […] The Presbyterian Confession of 1967 says that \"the new life takes shape in a community in which [human beings] know that God loves and accepts them in spite of what they are.\" In words that capture an older language, God uses the community of faith as \"means of grace.\"",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013 June 7, Joseph Stiglitz, “Globalisation is about taxes too”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, archived from the original on 2016-11-16, page 19",
"text": "It is time the international community faced the reality: we have an unmanageable, unfair, distortionary global tax regime. It is a tax system that is pivotal in creating the increasing inequality that marks most advanced countries today – with America standing out in the forefront and the UK not far behind.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition."
],
"links": [
[
"group",
"group#Noun"
],
[
"sharing",
"share#Verb"
],
[
"common",
"common#Adjective"
],
[
"characteristics",
"characteristic#Noun"
],
[
"language",
"language"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A group sharing common characteristics, such as the same language, law, religion, or tradition."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, “Fourteenth Century: Before and After”, in Therese Boos Dykeman, editor, The Neglected Canon: Nine Women Philosophers: First to the Twentieth Century, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, page 73",
"text": "The Beguines, an uncloistered religiously inspired woman's movement began about the year 1210 in Liége, Belgium. Generally the Beguines lived in community or in small cottages behind a wall. At times threatened as heretics, they were finally disbanded by the Reformation.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A residential or religious collective; a commune."
],
"links": [
[
"residential",
"residential"
],
[
"religious",
"religious"
],
[
"collective",
"collective"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable) A residential or religious collective; a commune."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Ecology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1949, G[eorge] E[velyn] Hutchinson, E[dward] S[mith] Deevey, Jr., “Ecological Studies on Populations”, in George S. Avery, Jr., editor, Survey of Biological Progress, volume I, New York, N.Y.: Academic Press, page 325",
"text": "Synecology has for the objects of its study, not individual organisms but biological communities, which are groups of organisms living in a given space, the properties of which space select a certain assemblage of organisms of definite autecological characteristics. Such communities are moreover not merely collections of organisms of restricted autecology, but tend to become organized by the biotic relationships that exist beteen the various individuals comprising the community.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other."
],
"links": [
[
"ecology",
"ecology"
],
[
"interdependent",
"interdependent"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
],
[
"inhabit",
"inhabit"
],
[
"region",
"region"
],
[
"interact",
"interact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, ecology) A group of interdependent organisms inhabiting the same region and interacting with each other."
],
"tags": [
"countable"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"ecology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Internet"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2015, Sandy Baldwin, “I Read My Spam”, in The Internet Unconscious: On the Subject of Electronic Literature (International Texts in Critical Media Aesthetics; 9), New York, N.Y., London: Bloomsbury Academic, section VI, page 89",
"text": "Spam texts are encoded but no decryption is possible. There is no plaintext message. I find them wonderful, and read them as poetics, as odd fragments generative of narrtives and scenography. I find the process of their production wonderful as well. The texts are written to elude community standards and means of censorship, and at the same time to enter and impose themselves into the standards and means for the community to read itself.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Aaron M. Duncan, “Shifting the Scene to Cyberspace: Internet Poker and the Rise of Tom Dwan”, in Gambling with the Myth of the American Dream (Routledge Research in Sport, Culture and Society), New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon.: Routledge",
"text": "Online gaming communities develop their own language, history, routines, and relationships. The online poker community is no different, developing its own culture distinct from the traditional poker community. One asp[ect that differentiates internet poker from other online gaming communities is the presence of money, creating what [Edward] Castronova et al. (2009) refer to as a virtual economic system complete with its own rules and forces.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of people interacting by electronic means for educational, professional, social, or other purposes; a virtual community."
],
"links": [
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"electronic",
"electronic"
],
[
"educational",
"educational"
],
[
"professional",
"professional#Adjective"
],
[
"social",
"social"
],
[
"virtual community",
"virtual community"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, Internet) A group of people interacting by electronic means for educational, professional, social, or other purposes; a virtual community."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"countable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2006, James G[eorge] Samra, “The Role of the Local Community in the Maturation Process”, in Being Conformed to Christ in Community: A Study of Maturity, Maturation and the Local Church in the Undisputed Pauline Epistles (Library of New Testament Studies; 320), paperback edition, London, New York, N.Y.: T&T Clark, published 2008, section 6.1 (Introduction), page 133",
"text": "We hope to demonstrate that Paul understood the local community to be the sphere in which and the means through which the five components of the maturation process were facilitated, thus concluding that Paul expected believers to be confirmed to Christ in community.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018, Bronwyn T. Williams, “A Sense of Where You Are: Literacy, Place, and Mobility”, in Literacy Practices and Perceptions of Agency: Composing Identities, New York, N.Y., Abingdon, Oxon.: Routledge, page 128",
"text": "Writing groups and community writing spaces can provide that vitally important space for writing as well as potential benefits of support and accountability if people have the chance to talk about writing. Even if all that happens, however, is that people have a space to write in community with each other, the result is usually that writing becomes contagious.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common."
],
"links": [
[
"condition",
"condition#Noun"
],
[
"attitude",
"attitude"
],
[
"interests",
"interest#Noun"
],
[
"common",
"common#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) The condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a community of goods",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1689, [John Locke], “Of Adam’s Title to Sovereignty by Donation, Gen[esis] 1.28”, in Two Treatises of Government: In the Former, the False Principles, and Foundation of Sir Robert Filmer, and His Followers, are Detected and Overthrown. The Latter is an Essay Concerning the True Original, Extent, and End of Civil Government, London: Printed for Awnsham Churchill, at the Black Swan in Ave-Mary-Lane, by Amen-Corner, published 1690, →OCLC; republished London: Printed for Awnsham and John Churchill, at the Black Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, 1698, →OCLC, page 39",
"text": "To conclude, this Text is ſo far from proving Adam Sole Proprietor, that on the contrary, it is a Confirmation of the Original Community of all Things amongſt the Sons of Men, which appearing from this Donation of God, as well as other places of Scripture; the Sovraignty of Adam, built upon his Private Dominion, muſt fall, not having any Foundation to ſupport it.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1819 October 9, [Washington Irving], “The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent. No. III. The Wife.”, in The Literary Gazette, and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, etc., volume III, number 142, London: Printed by William Pople, No. 67, Chancery Lane; published for the proprietors, at the Literary Gazette office, Strand; sold also by Bell and Bradfute, Edinburgh; John Cumming, Dublin; and all other booksellers, newsmen, &c., →OCLC, page 649, column 1",
"text": "Besides, you are depriving yourself of the comforts of her sympathy; and not merely that, but also endangering the only bond that can keep hearts together—an unreserved community of thought and feeling.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Common enjoyment or possession; participation."
],
"links": [
[
"enjoyment",
"enjoyment"
],
[
"possession",
"possession"
],
[
"participation",
"participation"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, obsolete) Common enjoyment or possession; participation."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1797, John Wilde, Sequel to an Address to the Lately Formed Society of the Friends of the People, Edinburgh: Printed for Peter Hill; and T[homas] Cadell, Jun. and W. Davies, London, →OCLC, page 1",
"text": "We are now in the ninth year of the anarchy of France. […] A diſpoſition to peace has been diſplayed, without conſideration of the royal family of France. The natural horror at the effuſion of blood cannot be too ſtrong, and might of itſelf perſuade us to any ſort of peace; but it is a great queſtion, whether in this we ſhould loſe our natural horror at crime. Peace with France cannot be friendſhip with France. There can be no community between us and them, unleſs by allying ourſelves with murder, and ſanctioning and ſharing in the pillage of thieves.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1864, Herbert Spencer, “Growth”, in The Principles of Biology (A System of Synthetic Philosophy; II), volume I, London, Edinburgh: Williams and Norgate, 14, Henrietta Steet, Covent Garden, London; and 20, South Frederick Street, Edinburgh, →OCLC, part II (The Inductions of Biology), § 43, pages 107–108",
"text": "The essential community of nature between organic growth and inorganic growth, is, however, most clearly seen on observing that they both result in the same way. The segregation of different kinds of detritus from each other, as well as from the water carrying them, and their aggregation into distinct strata, is but an instance of a universl tendency towards the union of like units and the parting of unlike units[…].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Common character; likeness."
],
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"likeness",
"likeness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Common character; likeness."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Commonness; frequency."
],
"links": [
[
"Commonness",
"commonness"
],
[
"frequency",
"frequency"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable, obsolete) Commonness; frequency."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"Welsh English"
],
"glosses": [
"A local area within a county or county borough which is the lowest tier of local government, usually represented by a community council or town council, which is generally equivalent to a civil parish in England."
],
"links": [
[
"county",
"county"
],
[
"county borough",
"county borough"
],
[
"civil parish",
"civil parish"
],
[
"England",
"England"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Wales, countable) A local area within a county or county borough which is the lowest tier of local government, usually represented by a community council or town council, which is generally equivalent to a civil parish in England."
],
"tags": [
"Wales",
"countable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈmjuː.nɪ.ti/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ti/",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ɾi]",
"tags": [
"Canada",
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/En-us-community.ogg/En-us-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/En-us-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-ca-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2c/En-ca-community.ogg/En-ca-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/En-ca-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"Canada"
],
"text": "Audio (CA)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-community.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/En-au-community.ogg/En-au-community.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/En-au-community.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
},
{
"enpr": "kə-myo͞oʹnə-ti"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "communitie"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "komunitet"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "mujtamaʕ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "مُجْتَمَع"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ijtimāʕ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِجْتِمَاع"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jamāʕa",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جَمَاعَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hamaynkʿ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "համայնք"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "icma"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ictimaiyyət"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "yəmğiət",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "йәмғиәт"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "erkidego"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramádstva",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "грама́дства"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "hramáda",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грама́да"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "abščýna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "абшчы́на"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "vóbščyna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "во́бшчына"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "óbštestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "о́бщество"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obštiná",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "община́"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "óbštnost",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́бщност"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社團"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shètuán",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "社团"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同體"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gòngtóngtǐ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"code": "crk",
"lang": "Plains-Cree",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "mâmawâyâwin"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "společenství"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfund"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fællesskab"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komunumo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "kogukond"
},
{
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comuniá"
},
{
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "yhteisö"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "communauté"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "sazogadoeba",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "საზოგადოება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinschaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gesellschaft"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Internet",
"feminine"
],
"word": "Community"
},
{
"code": "got",
"lang": "Gothic",
"roman": "gamainþs",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌸𐍃"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "koinótita",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοινότητα"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "koinōnía",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "κοινωνία"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'hilá",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קהילה \\ קְהִלָּה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "samāj",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समाज"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "saṅgh",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "संघ"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jamāt",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जमात"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "közösség"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"code": "ia",
"lang": "Interlingua",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "communitate"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cumann"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "komyuniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "コミュニティ"
},
{
"alt": "きょうどうたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōdōtai",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"code": "kln",
"lang": "Kalenjin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "kam",
"lang": "Kamba",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "njamii"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qauym",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "қауым"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "jamağat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "жамағат"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qoğam",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "қоғам"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "saʼhaʼkum",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "សហគមន៍"
},
{
"code": "ki",
"lang": "Kikuyu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ado"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "keomyuniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "커뮤니티"
},
{
"alt": "集團",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jipdan",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "집단"
},
{
"alt": "共同體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongdongche",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "공동체"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "civat"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sosyete"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "jamaat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "жамаат"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "koom",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "коом"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "comunité"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"english": "sum son",
"lang": "Lao",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ຊຸມຊົນ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "communitas"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopiena"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bendruomenė"
},
{
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ejamii"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "zaednica",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "заедница"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "opština",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "општина"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komuniti"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "masyarakat"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunità"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "hapori"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"code": "mer",
"lang": "Meru",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "banto"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfunn"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "fellesskap"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfunn"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "fellesskap"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ġemǣnsċipe"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "ṭolᶕna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ټولنه"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "ejtemā'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اجتماع"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "jāme'a",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جامعه"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "ejtemâ'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "اِجْتِماع"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "jâme'e",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جامِعِه"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "społeczność"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soóbščestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "соо́бщество"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "óbščestvo",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "о́бщество"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obščína",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "общи́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kommúna",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "комму́на"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "komʹjúniti",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neologism",
"slang"
],
"word": "комью́нити"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "óbščnostʹ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "о́бщность"
},
{
"code": "sco",
"lang": "Scots",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "commonty"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "poball"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coimhearsnachd"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "за̏једница"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "о̏пћина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "о̏пштина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "zȁjednica"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ȍpćina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ȍpština"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "spoločenstvo"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidad"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamaa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samhälle"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jomea",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ҷомеа"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "ijtimoʾ",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "иҷтимоъ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "jamoat",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ҷамоат"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "cämgıyat’",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "җәмгыять"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "cämägat’",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "җәмәгать"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "samājamu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "సమాజము"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "saṅghamu",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "సంఘము"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bprà-chaa-kom",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ประชาคม"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "chum-chon",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "ชุมชน"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sānk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "cemiyet"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"topics": [
"legal",
"law"
],
"word": "toplum"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "komünote"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "sosyete"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jemgyýet"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "hromáda",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "грома́да"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "spilʹnóta",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "спільно́та"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "barādarī",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بَرادَری"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "kamyūniṭī",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "کَمْیُونِٹی"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "ijtimā'",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اِجْتِمَاع"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jamā’at",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جَماعَت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jem'yet",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جەمئيەت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jama'et",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جامائەت"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jem'iyet",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "جەمئىيەت"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamoa"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "jamiyat"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "group sharing a common understanding",
"word": "cộng đồng"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "milla",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "مِلَّة"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "komúna",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "кому́на"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"code": "gmw-cfr",
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "Jemeinde"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "commune"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "komunumo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "yhteisö"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "kommuuni"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinde"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "k'hilá",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "קהילה \\ קְהִלָּה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "millat",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "मिल्लत"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "jamāt",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "जमात"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "közösség"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"alt": "きょうどうたい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kyōdōtai",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "共同体"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "äleumet",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "әлеумет"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "qoğamdastyq",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "қоғамдастық"
},
{
"alt": "共同體",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gongdongche",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "공동체"
},
{
"code": "luy",
"lang": "Luhya",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunità"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "samudāy",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "समुदाय"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kommunitet"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "kommunitet"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "wspólnota"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "qu",
"lang": "Quechua",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "ayllu"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "soóbščestvo",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "соо́бщество"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kommúna",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "комму́на"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "viś",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "विश्"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "coimhearsnachd"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komuna"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comuna"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samfund"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "kollektiv"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "bostadskollektiv"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"code": "txb",
"lang": "Tocharian B",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "sānk"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "cemaat"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"word": "ümmet"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "jamā’at",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جماعت"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "millat",
"sense": "residential or religious collective",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ملت"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"code": "ext",
"lang": "Extremaduran",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "comunidá"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "yhdyskunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "eliöyhteisö"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "khevrá",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "חֶבְרָה"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunità"
},
{
"alt": "群集",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gunjip",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "군집"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kolónija",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "коло́ния"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "samhälle"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "organismsamhälle"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "pamayanan"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "(ecology) group of interdependent organisms",
"word": "topluluk"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitat"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "shèqún",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "社群"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "spolunáležitost"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "gemeenschap"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "yhteisöllisyys"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Gemeinschaft"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "komunitas"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunanza"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "hapori"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunidade"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comunitate"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "komunita"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "skupnost"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "jamii"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "gemenskap"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "condition of having certain attitudes and interests in common",
"word": "topluluk"
}
],
"word": "community"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.