See communism on Wiktionary
{ "derived": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "anarchocommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "english": "anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism", "word": "anarcho-communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "english": "anti-communism", "word": "anticommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "barracks communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "cryptocommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "cybercommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Eurocommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "goulash communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Islamocommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "market communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "military communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "neocommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "noncommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Obamunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "para-communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "postcommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "procommunism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Serbo-Communism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "war communism" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "communisme" }, "expansion": "French communisme", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "commūnis" }, "expansion": "Latin commūnis", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "commune", "3": "-ism" }, "expansion": "By surface analysis, commune + -ism", "name": "surf" } ], "etymology_text": "A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.", "forms": [ { "form": "communisms", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "commie" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communal" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communalism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "commune" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communist" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communistic" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communistical" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "communistically" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "decommunisation" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "authoritarianism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "capitalism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "collectivism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Hitlerism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "individualism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "leftism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Leninism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "liberalism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Maoism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Marxism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Marxism-Leninism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "National Socialism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Nazism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "socialism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Stalinism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "statism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "totalitarianism" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Trotskyism" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:", "text": "I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution." ], "id": "en-communism-en-noun-en:Q6186", "links": [ [ "far-left", "far-left" ], [ "political", "political" ], [ "ideology", "ideology" ], [ "philosophy", "philosophy" ], [ "advocating", "advocate#Verb" ], [ "holding", "hold#Verb" ], [ "production", "production" ], [ "resources", "resource#Noun" ], [ "collectively", "collectively" ], [ "seizing", "seize" ], [ "revolution", "revolution" ] ], "senseid": [ "en:Q6186" ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "dated", "rare" ], "word": "aspheterism" } ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "wikidata": [ "Q6186" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy." ], "id": "en-communism-en-noun-tHUqmxhw", "links": [ [ "communist", "communist" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ { "_dis": "21 15 52 12", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 15 54 12", "kind": "other", "name": "English hybridisms", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "24 21 45 10", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ism", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "33 14 45 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 10 63 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 17 55 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Albanian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Amharic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 22 45 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Aragonese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Armenian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Assamese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Asturian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Basque translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 19 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Belarusian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bengali translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Breton translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 19 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Burmese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 49 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Cantonese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 19 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "14 9 72 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Corsican translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 15 52 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Czech translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 14 52 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Danish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 18 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Dutch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "17 10 67 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 22 46 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 16 50 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Estonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Faroese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 19 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 19 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Georgian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 46 14", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German Low German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 17 47 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 17 48 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Gujarati translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hebrew translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 18 54 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hindi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hokkien translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "27 17 47 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Icelandic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 22 45 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ido translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Indonesian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Japanese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 18 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kannada translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Khmer translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 22 46 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Lao translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Latvian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 9 71 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Lingala translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 17 51 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Malagasy translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Malay translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Malayalam translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Maltese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "24 16 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Manx translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Maori translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 17 51 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Marathi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "17 18 55 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mongolian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Nepali translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "17 12 63 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 20 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "16 13 63 8", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Occitan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Odia translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Pashto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Persian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Punjabi translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Quechua translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Romanian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 16 49 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sardinian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 18 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sicilian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 18 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Slovak translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Slovene translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Somali translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 16 54 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swahili translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "23 18 49 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tagalog translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tajik translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tamil translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tatar translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 52 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Telugu translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 18 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Thai translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tibetan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 51 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Turkmen translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Tuvan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 50 11", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Urdu translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Uyghur translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "19 19 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Uzbek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "18 14 60 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Venetan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 18 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 51 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Volapük translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 18 51 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Welsh translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 49 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with West Frisian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "22 17 52 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Wu translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "25 15 50 10", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Yiddish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 19 52 9", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Zhuang translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "20 7 67 5", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Communism", "orig": "en:Communism", "parents": [ "Ideologies", "Leftism", "Socialism", "Politics", "Society", "Economics", "All topics", "Social sciences", "Fundamental", "Sciences" ], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "28 11 54 7", "kind": "topical", "langcode": "en", "name": "Marxism", "orig": "en:Marxism", "parents": [ "Ideologies", "Socialism", "Politics", "Society", "Economics", "Leftism", "All topics", "Social sciences", "Fundamental", "Sciences" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "glosses": [ "The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist." ], "id": "en-communism-en-noun-p13RoghH", "links": [ [ "socialist", "socialist" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "شُيُوعِيَّة" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "society", "word": "կոմունիզմ" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "komunízǎm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зъм" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "society", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶", "sense": "society", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "roman": "kiōng-sán-chú-gī", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "society", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gòngchǎnzhǔyì", "sense": "society", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunism" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳomunizmi", "sense": "society", "word": "კომუნიზმი" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kommounismós", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "κομμουνισμός" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunistiussuseq" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunizmus" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumannachas" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "alt": "きょうさんしゅぎ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōsanshugi", "sense": "society", "word": "共産主義" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "alt": "共產主義", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gongsanjuui", "sense": "society", "word": "공산주의" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunisms" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmas" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "German-Low-German", "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "komunízam", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зам" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "society", "word": "komunisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizm" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "comunism" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kommunízm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "коммуни́зм" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "co-mhaoineas" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "комунѝзам" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "komunìzam" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizem" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunism" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "society", "word": "komünizm" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "society", "word": "komünistlik" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "iśtimāliyat", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "اِشْتِمالِیَت" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "kamyūnizm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کَمْیُونِزْم" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "society", "word": "chế độ cộng sản" }, { "_dis1": "14 2 83 1", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comiwnyddiaeth" } ] }, { "categories": [], "examples": [ { "ref": "2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:", "text": "A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms)." ], "id": "en-communism-en-noun-ewSvsFSU", "links": [ [ "Readiness", "readiness" ], [ "scientific", "scientific" ], [ "finding", "finding" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms)." ], "tags": [ "countable", "rare", "uncountable" ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 100", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific norm", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "_dis1": "0 0 0 100", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific norm", "word": "tieteellinen kommunismi" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "General-Australian" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-communism.oga", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga" } ], "synonyms": [ { "_dis1": "0 0 0 0", "word": "Communism" } ], "translations": [ { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizëm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "am", "lang": "Amharic", "roman": "kʷämunism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ኰሙኒስም" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "شُيُوعِيَّة" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Egyptian-Arabic", "feminine" ], "word": "شيوعية" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "an", "lang": "Aragonese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "կոմունիզմ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "as", "lang": "Assamese", "roman": "xaimmobad", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "সাম্যবাদ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kamunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "камуні́зм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "komiunijom", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "কমিউনিজম" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "śammobad", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "সাম্যবাদ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "komunízǎm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зъм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "kwanmrunacca.nac", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "kwanmrunac-wada.", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cdo", "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cdo", "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese", "roman": "gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "roman": "kiōng-sán-chú-gī", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gòngchǎnzhǔyì", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "wuu", "lang": "Wu Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "wuu", "lang": "Wu Chinese", "roman": "⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "co", "lang": "Corsican", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumunismu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunismus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunism" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "kommunisma" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳomunizmi", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "კომუნიზმი" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kommounismós", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "κομμουνισμός" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunistiussuseq" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "gu", "lang": "Gujarati", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "સામ્યવાદ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "komunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "קוֹמוּנִיזְם" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "kamyunizam", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "कम्युनिज़म" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "samāntāvād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "समानतावाद" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizmus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommúnismi" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumannachas" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "alt": "きょうさんしゅぎ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōsanshugi", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共産主義" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "kn", "lang": "Kannada", "roman": "sāmyavāda", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kommuynɨh niyum", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "latthiʼ kommuynɨh", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "alt": "共產主義", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gongsanjuui", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "공산주의" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "komonîzm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "کۆمۆنیزم" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komûnîzm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "lat thi khǭm mū nit", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communismus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunisms" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ln", "lang": "Lingala", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komynisimɛ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmas" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "German-Low-German", "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "komunízam", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зам" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mg", "lang": "Malagasy", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kominisma" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mg", "lang": "Malagasy", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komonisma" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "faham komunis" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "kamyūṇisaṁ", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "കമ്യൂണിസം" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "sāmyavādaṁ", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "സാമ്യവാദം" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komuniżmu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cummynys" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "whiwhingatahitanga" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Cyrillic" ], "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ev xamt jos", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "China", "Cyrillic" ], "word": "эв хамт ёс" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "kommünism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Mongolian" ], "word": "ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "eb qamtu yosu", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Mongolian" ], "word": "ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "or", "lang": "Odia", "roman": "sāmjabāda", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ps", "lang": "Pashto", "roman": "kamūnizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کمونيزم" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "fa-ira", "lang": "Iranian Persian", "roman": "komunism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "کُمونیسْم" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "pa", "lang": "Punjabi", "roman": "sāmavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ਸਾਮਵਾਦ" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kumunismu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "comunism" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kommunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "коммуни́зм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sc", "lang": "Sardinian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comannachd" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "co-mhaoineas" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "комунѝзам" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "komunìzam" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumunismu" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "samasamājawādaya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "සමසමාජවාදය" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmus" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizem" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ukomunisti" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunism" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kalamaan" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "potuvuṭamai", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "பொதுவுடமை" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "qommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "sāmyavādamu", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "సామ్యవాదము" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gung khran ring lugs", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "dmar po'i ring lugs", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komünizm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komünistlik" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "tyv", "lang": "Tuvan", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "komunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуні́зм" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "iśtimāliyat", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "اِشْتِمالِیَت" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "kamyūnizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کَمْیُونِزْم" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "ug", "lang": "Uyghur", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "كوممۇنىزم" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "alt": "主義共產", "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "chủ nghĩa cộng sản" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kobädim" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comiwnyddiaeth" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "קאָמוניזם" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "gungcanjcujyi" }, { "_dis1": "44 39 16 1", "code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "gungcanj cujyi" } ], "wikipedia": [ "communism" ], "word": "communism" }
{ "categories": [ "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English hybridisms", "English hybridisms suffixed with -ism", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from French", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms suffixed with -ism", "English uncountable nouns", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Esperanto translations", "Requests for review of Galician translations", "Requests for review of Persian translations", "Requests for review of Sicilian translations", "Requests for review of Slovak translations", "Requests for review of Somali translations", "Requests for review of Urdu translations", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Amharic translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Aragonese translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Assamese translations", "Terms with Asturian translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Bengali translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Burmese translations", "Terms with Cantonese translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Corsican translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Eastern Min translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Estonian translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German Low German translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Greenlandic translations", "Terms with Gujarati translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hokkien translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kannada translations", "Terms with Kazakh translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kyrgyz translations", "Terms with Lao translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Latvian translations", "Terms with Lingala translations", "Terms with Lithuanian translations", "Terms with Luxembourgish translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malagasy translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Manx translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Nepali translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Odia translations", "Terms with Pashto translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Punjabi translations", "Terms with Quechua translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sardinian translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sicilian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Somali translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Tagalog translations", "Terms with Tajik translations", "Terms with Tamil translations", "Terms with Tatar translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tibetan translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Turkmen translations", "Terms with Tuvan translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Uyghur translations", "Terms with Uzbek translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Volapük translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Wu translations", "Terms with Yiddish translations", "Terms with Zhuang translations", "en:Communism", "en:Marxism" ], "derived": [ { "word": "anarchocommunism" }, { "english": "anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism", "word": "anarcho-communism" }, { "english": "anti-communism", "word": "anticommunism" }, { "word": "barracks communism" }, { "word": "cryptocommunism" }, { "word": "cybercommunism" }, { "word": "Eurocommunism" }, { "word": "Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism" }, { "word": "goulash communism" }, { "word": "Islamocommunism" }, { "word": "market communism" }, { "word": "military communism" }, { "word": "neocommunism" }, { "word": "noncommunism" }, { "word": "Obamunism" }, { "word": "para-communism" }, { "word": "postcommunism" }, { "word": "procommunism" }, { "word": "Serbo-Communism" }, { "word": "war communism" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "fr", "3": "communisme" }, "expansion": "French communisme", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "commūnis" }, "expansion": "Latin commūnis", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "commune", "3": "-ism" }, "expansion": "By surface analysis, commune + -ism", "name": "surf" } ], "etymology_text": "A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.", "forms": [ { "form": "communisms", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "~" }, "expansion": "communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "commie" }, { "word": "communal" }, { "word": "communalism" }, { "word": "commune" }, { "word": "communist" }, { "word": "communistic" }, { "word": "communistical" }, { "word": "communistically" }, { "word": "decommunisation" }, { "word": "authoritarianism" }, { "word": "capitalism" }, { "word": "collectivism" }, { "word": "Hitlerism" }, { "word": "individualism" }, { "word": "leftism" }, { "word": "Leninism" }, { "word": "liberalism" }, { "word": "Maoism" }, { "word": "Marxism" }, { "word": "Marxism-Leninism" }, { "word": "National Socialism" }, { "word": "Nazism" }, { "word": "socialism" }, { "word": "Stalinism" }, { "word": "statism" }, { "word": "totalitarianism" }, { "word": "Trotskyism" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:", "text": "I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution." ], "links": [ [ "far-left", "far-left" ], [ "political", "political" ], [ "ideology", "ideology" ], [ "philosophy", "philosophy" ], [ "advocating", "advocate#Verb" ], [ "holding", "hold#Verb" ], [ "production", "production" ], [ "resources", "resource#Noun" ], [ "collectively", "collectively" ], [ "seizing", "seize" ], [ "revolution", "revolution" ] ], "senseid": [ "en:Q6186" ], "synonyms": [ { "tags": [ "dated", "rare" ], "word": "aspheterism" } ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ], "wikidata": [ "Q6186" ] }, { "glosses": [ "Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy." ], "links": [ [ "communist", "communist" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "glosses": [ "The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist." ], "links": [ [ "socialist", "socialist" ] ], "tags": [ "countable", "uncountable" ] }, { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with rare senses" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:", "text": "A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms)." ], "links": [ [ "Readiness", "readiness" ], [ "scientific", "scientific" ], [ "finding", "finding" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms)." ], "tags": [ "countable", "rare", "uncountable" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]", "tags": [ "General-Australian" ] }, { "audio": "En-us-communism.oga", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "Communism" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "sq", "lang": "Albanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizëm" }, { "code": "am", "lang": "Amharic", "roman": "kʷämunism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ኰሙኒስም" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "شُيُوعِيَّة" }, { "code": "arz", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Egyptian-Arabic", "feminine" ], "word": "شيوعية" }, { "code": "an", "lang": "Aragonese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "կոմունիզմ" }, { "code": "as", "lang": "Assamese", "roman": "xaimmobad", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "সাম্যবাদ" }, { "code": "ast", "lang": "Asturian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismu" }, { "code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "code": "eu", "lang": "Basque", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "code": "be", "lang": "Belarusian", "roman": "kamunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "камуні́зм" }, { "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "komiunijom", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "কমিউনিজম" }, { "code": "bn", "lang": "Bengali", "roman": "śammobad", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "সাম্যবাদ" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "komunízǎm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зъм" }, { "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "kwanmrunacca.nac", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်" }, { "code": "my", "lang": "Burmese", "roman": "kwanmrunac-wada.", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "cdo", "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "cdo", "lang": "Eastern Min Chinese", "roman": "gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "roman": "kiōng-sán-chú-gī", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gòngchǎnzhǔyì", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "wuu", "lang": "Wu Chinese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "wuu", "lang": "Wu Chinese", "roman": "⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "co", "lang": "Corsican", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumunismu" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunismus" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunism" }, { "code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "kommunisma" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳomunizmi", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "კომუნიზმი" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kommounismós", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "κομμουνισμός" }, { "code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunistiussuseq" }, { "code": "gu", "lang": "Gujarati", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "સામ્યવાદ" }, { "code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "komunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "קוֹמוּנִיזְם" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "kamyunizam", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "कम्युनिज़म" }, { "code": "hi", "lang": "Hindi", "roman": "samāntāvād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "समानतावाद" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizmus" }, { "code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommúnismi" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunisme" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumannachas" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "alt": "きょうさんしゅぎ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōsanshugi", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "共産主義" }, { "code": "kn", "lang": "Kannada", "roman": "sāmyavāda", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ" }, { "code": "kk", "lang": "Kazakh", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "kommuynɨh niyum", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម" }, { "code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "latthiʼ kommuynɨh", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត" }, { "alt": "共產主義", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gongsanjuui", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "공산주의" }, { "code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "komonîzm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "کۆمۆنیزم" }, { "code": "kmr", "lang": "Northern Kurdish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komûnîzm" }, { "code": "ky", "lang": "Kyrgyz", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "lo", "lang": "Lao", "roman": "lat thi khǭm mū nit", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ" }, { "code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communismus" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunisms" }, { "code": "ln", "lang": "Lingala", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komynisimɛ" }, { "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmas" }, { "code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "German-Low-German", "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "code": "lb", "lang": "Luxembourgish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "komunízam", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зам" }, { "code": "mg", "lang": "Malagasy", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kominisma" }, { "code": "mg", "lang": "Malagasy", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komonisma" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunisme" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "faham komunis" }, { "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "kamyūṇisaṁ", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "കമ്യൂണിസം" }, { "code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "sāmyavādaṁ", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "സാമ്യവാദം" }, { "code": "mt", "lang": "Maltese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komuniżmu" }, { "code": "gv", "lang": "Manx", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cummynys" }, { "code": "mi", "lang": "Maori", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "whiwhingatahitanga" }, { "code": "mr", "lang": "Marathi", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Cyrillic" ], "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "ev xamt jos", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "China", "Cyrillic" ], "word": "эв хамт ёс" }, { "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "kommünism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Mongolian" ], "word": "ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ" }, { "code": "mn", "lang": "Mongolian", "roman": "eb qamtu yosu", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Mongolian" ], "word": "ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ" }, { "code": "ne", "lang": "Nepali", "roman": "sāmyavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "साम्यवाद" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "code": "or", "lang": "Odia", "roman": "sāmjabāda", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ" }, { "code": "ps", "lang": "Pashto", "roman": "kamūnizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کمونيزم" }, { "code": "fa-ira", "lang": "Iranian Persian", "roman": "komunism", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "کُمونیسْم" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizm" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "pa", "lang": "Punjabi", "roman": "sāmavād", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "ਸਾਮਵਾਦ" }, { "code": "qu", "lang": "Quechua", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kumunismu" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "comunism" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kommunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "коммуни́зм" }, { "code": "sc", "lang": "Sardinian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismu" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comannachd" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "co-mhaoineas" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "комунѝзам" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "komunìzam" }, { "code": "scn", "lang": "Sicilian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumunismu" }, { "code": "si", "lang": "Sinhalese", "roman": "samasamājawādaya", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "සමසමාජවාදය" }, { "code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmus" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizem" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ukomunisti" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunism" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komunismo" }, { "code": "tl", "lang": "Tagalog", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kalamaan" }, { "code": "tg", "lang": "Tajik", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "ta", "lang": "Tamil", "roman": "potuvuṭamai", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "பொதுவுடமை" }, { "code": "tt", "lang": "Tatar", "roman": "qommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "te", "lang": "Telugu", "roman": "sāmyavādamu", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "సామ్యవాదము" }, { "code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์" }, { "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "gung khran ring lugs", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས" }, { "code": "bo", "lang": "Tibetan", "roman": "dmar po'i ring lugs", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komünizm" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "komünistlik" }, { "code": "tk", "lang": "Turkmen", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "code": "tyv", "lang": "Tuvan", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "коммунизм" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "komunízm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуні́зм" }, { "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "iśtimāliyat", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "اِشْتِمالِیَت" }, { "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "kamyūnizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کَمْیُونِزْم" }, { "code": "ug", "lang": "Uyghur", "roman": "kommunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "كوممۇنىزم" }, { "code": "uz", "lang": "Uzbek", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kommunizm" }, { "code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "alt": "主義共產", "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "chủ nghĩa cộng sản" }, { "code": "vo", "lang": "Volapük", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "kobädim" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comiwnyddiaeth" }, { "code": "fy", "lang": "West Frisian", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "yi", "lang": "Yiddish", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "קאָמוניזם" }, { "code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "gungcanjcujyi" }, { "code": "za", "lang": "Zhuang", "sense": "ideology/philosophy", "word": "gungcanj cujyi" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šuyūʕiyya", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "شُيُوعِيَّة" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "komunizm", "sense": "society", "word": "կոմունիզմ" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "komunízǎm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зъм" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunisme" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "sense": "society", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "yue", "lang": "Chinese Cantonese", "roman": "gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶", "sense": "society", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "nan-hbl", "lang": "Chinese", "roman": "kiōng-sán-chú-gī", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Hokkien" ], "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "society", "word": "共產主義" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "gòngchǎnzhǔyì", "sense": "society", "word": "共产主义" }, { "code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "code": "et", "lang": "Estonian", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunism" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "communisme" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "ḳomunizmi", "sense": "society", "word": "კომუნიზმი" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "kommounismós", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "κομμουνισμός" }, { "code": "kl", "lang": "Greenlandic", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunistiussuseq" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "society", "word": "kommunizmus" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cumannachas" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "alt": "きょうさんしゅぎ", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "kyōsanshugi", "sense": "society", "word": "共産主義" }, { "alt": "共產主義", "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "gongsanjuui", "sense": "society", "word": "공산주의" }, { "code": "lv", "lang": "Latvian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunisms" }, { "code": "lt", "lang": "Lithuanian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizmas" }, { "code": "nds-de", "lang": "Low German", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "German-Low-German", "masculine" ], "word": "Kommunismus" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "komunízam", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "комуни́зам" }, { "code": "ms", "lang": "Malay", "sense": "society", "word": "komunisme" }, { "code": "nb", "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "nn", "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "kommunisme" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizm" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "neuter" ], "word": "comunism" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "kommunízm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "коммуни́зм" }, { "code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "co-mhaoineas" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Cyrillic", "masculine" ], "word": "комунѝзам" }, { "code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "Roman", "masculine" ], "word": "komunìzam" }, { "code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "komunizem" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "comunismo" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "common-gender" ], "word": "kommunism" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "society", "word": "komünizm" }, { "code": "tr", "lang": "Turkish", "sense": "society", "word": "komünistlik" }, { "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "iśtimāliyat", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "اِشْتِمالِیَت" }, { "code": "ur", "lang": "Urdu", "roman": "kamyūnizm", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "کَمْیُونِزْم" }, { "code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "society", "word": "chế độ cộng sản" }, { "code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "society", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "comiwnyddiaeth" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific norm", "word": "kommunismi" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "scientific norm", "word": "tieteellinen kommunismi" } ], "wikipedia": [ "communism" ], "word": "communism" }
Download raw JSONL data for communism meaning in All languages combined (31.0kB)
{ "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags", "msg": "communism/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-Australian not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English hybridisms\", \"English hybridisms suffixed with -ism\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms suffixed with -ism\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Galician translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sicilian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Somali translations\", \"Requests for review of Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Amharic translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aragonese translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Corsican translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Eastern Min translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lingala translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malagasy translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Odia translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Somali translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with Wu translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Zhuang translations\", \"en:Communism\", \"en:Marxism\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"anarchocommunism\"}, {\"english\": \"anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism\", \"word\": \"anarcho-communism\"}, {\"english\": \"anti-communism\", \"word\": \"anticommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"barracks communism\"}, {\"word\": \"cryptocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"cybercommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Eurocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"goulash communism\"}, {\"word\": \"Islamocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"market communism\"}, {\"word\": \"military communism\"}, {\"word\": \"neocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"noncommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Obamunism\"}, {\"word\": \"para-communism\"}, {\"word\": \"postcommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"procommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Serbo-Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"war communism\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"communisme\"}, \"expansion\": \"French communisme\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"commūnis\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin commūnis\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"commune\", \"3\": \"-ism\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, commune + -ism\", \"name\": \"surf\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"communisms\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"commie\"}, {\"word\": \"communal\"}, {\"word\": \"communalism\"}, {\"word\": \"commune\"}, {\"word\": \"communist\"}, {\"word\": \"communistic\"}, {\"word\": \"communistical\"}, {\"word\": \"communistically\"}, {\"word\": \"decommunisation\"}, {\"word\": \"authoritarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"capitalism\"}, {\"word\": \"collectivism\"}, {\"word\": \"Hitlerism\"}, {\"word\": \"individualism\"}, {\"word\": \"leftism\"}, {\"word\": \"Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"liberalism\"}, {\"word\": \"Maoism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism-Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"National Socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Nazism\"}, {\"word\": \"socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Stalinism\"}, {\"word\": \"statism\"}, {\"word\": \"totalitarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"Trotskyism\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:\", \"text\": \"I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.\"], \"links\": [[\"far-left\", \"far-left\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"ideology\", \"ideology\"], [\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"advocating\", \"advocate#Verb\"], [\"holding\", \"hold#Verb\"], [\"production\", \"production\"], [\"resources\", \"resource#Noun\"], [\"collectively\", \"collectively\"], [\"seizing\", \"seize\"], [\"revolution\", \"revolution\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q6186\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"dated\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"aspheterism\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q6186\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.\"], \"links\": [[\"communist\", \"communist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.\"], \"links\": [[\"socialist\", \"socialist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:\", \"text\": \"A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"links\": [[\"Readiness\", \"readiness\"], [\"scientific\", \"scientific\"], [\"finding\", \"finding\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"rare\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-communism.oga\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"Communism\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizëm\"}, {\"code\": \"am\", \"lang\": \"Amharic\", \"roman\": \"kʷämunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ኰሙኒስም\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شيوعية\"}, {\"code\": \"an\", \"lang\": \"Aragonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"xaimmobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"kamunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"камуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"komiunijom\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"কমিউনিজম\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śammobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunacca.nac\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunac-wada.\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"roman\": \"gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"roman\": \"⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"co\", \"lang\": \"Corsican\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"સામ્યવાદ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קוֹמוּנִיזְם\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kamyunizam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"कम्युनिज़म\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"samāntāvād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"समानतावाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommúnismi\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kommuynɨh niyum\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"latthiʼ kommuynɨh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"komonîzm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کۆمۆنیزم\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komûnîzm\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"lat thi khǭm mū nit\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"ln\", \"lang\": \"Lingala\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komynisimɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kominisma\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komonisma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"faham komunis\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"kamyūṇisaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"കമ്യൂണിസം\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"സാമ്യവാദം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komuniżmu\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cummynys\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"whiwhingatahitanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ev xamt jos\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"China\", \"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"эв хамт ёс\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommünism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"eb qamtu yosu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"or\", \"lang\": \"Odia\", \"roman\": \"sāmjabāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"kamūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کمونيزم\"}, {\"code\": \"fa-ira\", \"lang\": \"Iranian Persian\", \"roman\": \"komunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کُمونیسْم\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"sāmavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਸਾਮਵਾਦ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comannachd\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"samasamājawādaya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"සමසමාජවාදය\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ukomunisti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kalamaan\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"potuvuṭamai\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"பொதுவுடமை\"}, {\"code\": \"tt\", \"lang\": \"Tatar\", \"roman\": \"qommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādamu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"సామ్యవాదము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"gung khran ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"dmar po'i ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"كوممۇنىزم\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"主義共產\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"chủ nghĩa cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kobädim\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קאָמוניזם\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanjcujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanj cujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"chế độ cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"tieteellinen kommunismi\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"communism\"], \"word\": \"communism\"}", "path": [], "section": "English", "subsection": "noun", "title": "communism", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags", "msg": "communism/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English hybridisms\", \"English hybridisms suffixed with -ism\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms suffixed with -ism\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Galician translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sicilian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Somali translations\", \"Requests for review of Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Amharic translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aragonese translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Corsican translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Eastern Min translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lingala translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malagasy translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Odia translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Somali translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with Wu translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Zhuang translations\", \"en:Communism\", \"en:Marxism\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"anarchocommunism\"}, {\"english\": \"anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism\", \"word\": \"anarcho-communism\"}, {\"english\": \"anti-communism\", \"word\": \"anticommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"barracks communism\"}, {\"word\": \"cryptocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"cybercommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Eurocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"goulash communism\"}, {\"word\": \"Islamocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"market communism\"}, {\"word\": \"military communism\"}, {\"word\": \"neocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"noncommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Obamunism\"}, {\"word\": \"para-communism\"}, {\"word\": \"postcommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"procommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Serbo-Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"war communism\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"communisme\"}, \"expansion\": \"French communisme\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"commūnis\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin commūnis\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"commune\", \"3\": \"-ism\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, commune + -ism\", \"name\": \"surf\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"communisms\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"commie\"}, {\"word\": \"communal\"}, {\"word\": \"communalism\"}, {\"word\": \"commune\"}, {\"word\": \"communist\"}, {\"word\": \"communistic\"}, {\"word\": \"communistical\"}, {\"word\": \"communistically\"}, {\"word\": \"decommunisation\"}, {\"word\": \"authoritarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"capitalism\"}, {\"word\": \"collectivism\"}, {\"word\": \"Hitlerism\"}, {\"word\": \"individualism\"}, {\"word\": \"leftism\"}, {\"word\": \"Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"liberalism\"}, {\"word\": \"Maoism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism-Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"National Socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Nazism\"}, {\"word\": \"socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Stalinism\"}, {\"word\": \"statism\"}, {\"word\": \"totalitarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"Trotskyism\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:\", \"text\": \"I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.\"], \"links\": [[\"far-left\", \"far-left\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"ideology\", \"ideology\"], [\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"advocating\", \"advocate#Verb\"], [\"holding\", \"hold#Verb\"], [\"production\", \"production\"], [\"resources\", \"resource#Noun\"], [\"collectively\", \"collectively\"], [\"seizing\", \"seize\"], [\"revolution\", \"revolution\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q6186\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"dated\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"aspheterism\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q6186\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.\"], \"links\": [[\"communist\", \"communist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.\"], \"links\": [[\"socialist\", \"socialist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:\", \"text\": \"A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"links\": [[\"Readiness\", \"readiness\"], [\"scientific\", \"scientific\"], [\"finding\", \"finding\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"rare\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-communism.oga\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"Communism\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizëm\"}, {\"code\": \"am\", \"lang\": \"Amharic\", \"roman\": \"kʷämunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ኰሙኒስም\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شيوعية\"}, {\"code\": \"an\", \"lang\": \"Aragonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"xaimmobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"kamunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"камуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"komiunijom\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"কমিউনিজম\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śammobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunacca.nac\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunac-wada.\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"roman\": \"gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"roman\": \"⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"co\", \"lang\": \"Corsican\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"સામ્યવાદ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קוֹמוּנִיזְם\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kamyunizam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"कम्युनिज़म\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"samāntāvād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"समानतावाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommúnismi\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kommuynɨh niyum\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"latthiʼ kommuynɨh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"komonîzm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کۆمۆنیزم\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komûnîzm\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"lat thi khǭm mū nit\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"ln\", \"lang\": \"Lingala\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komynisimɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kominisma\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komonisma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"faham komunis\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"kamyūṇisaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"കമ്യൂണിസം\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"സാമ്യവാദം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komuniżmu\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cummynys\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"whiwhingatahitanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ev xamt jos\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"China\", \"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"эв хамт ёс\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommünism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"eb qamtu yosu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"or\", \"lang\": \"Odia\", \"roman\": \"sāmjabāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"kamūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کمونيزم\"}, {\"code\": \"fa-ira\", \"lang\": \"Iranian Persian\", \"roman\": \"komunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کُمونیسْم\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"sāmavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਸਾਮਵਾਦ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comannachd\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"samasamājawādaya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"සමසමාජවාදය\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ukomunisti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kalamaan\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"potuvuṭamai\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"பொதுவுடமை\"}, {\"code\": \"tt\", \"lang\": \"Tatar\", \"roman\": \"qommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādamu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"సామ్యవాదము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"gung khran ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"dmar po'i ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"كوممۇنىزم\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"主義共產\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"chủ nghĩa cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kobädim\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קאָמוניזם\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanjcujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanj cujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"chế độ cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"tieteellinen kommunismi\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"communism\"], \"word\": \"communism\"}", "path": [], "section": "English", "subsection": "noun", "title": "communism", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags", "msg": "communism/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag German-Low-German not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English hybridisms\", \"English hybridisms suffixed with -ism\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms suffixed with -ism\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Galician translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sicilian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Somali translations\", \"Requests for review of Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Amharic translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aragonese translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Corsican translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Eastern Min translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lingala translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malagasy translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Odia translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Somali translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with Wu translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Zhuang translations\", \"en:Communism\", \"en:Marxism\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"anarchocommunism\"}, {\"english\": \"anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism\", \"word\": \"anarcho-communism\"}, {\"english\": \"anti-communism\", \"word\": \"anticommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"barracks communism\"}, {\"word\": \"cryptocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"cybercommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Eurocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"goulash communism\"}, {\"word\": \"Islamocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"market communism\"}, {\"word\": \"military communism\"}, {\"word\": \"neocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"noncommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Obamunism\"}, {\"word\": \"para-communism\"}, {\"word\": \"postcommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"procommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Serbo-Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"war communism\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"communisme\"}, \"expansion\": \"French communisme\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"commūnis\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin commūnis\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"commune\", \"3\": \"-ism\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, commune + -ism\", \"name\": \"surf\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"communisms\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"commie\"}, {\"word\": \"communal\"}, {\"word\": \"communalism\"}, {\"word\": \"commune\"}, {\"word\": \"communist\"}, {\"word\": \"communistic\"}, {\"word\": \"communistical\"}, {\"word\": \"communistically\"}, {\"word\": \"decommunisation\"}, {\"word\": \"authoritarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"capitalism\"}, {\"word\": \"collectivism\"}, {\"word\": \"Hitlerism\"}, {\"word\": \"individualism\"}, {\"word\": \"leftism\"}, {\"word\": \"Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"liberalism\"}, {\"word\": \"Maoism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism-Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"National Socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Nazism\"}, {\"word\": \"socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Stalinism\"}, {\"word\": \"statism\"}, {\"word\": \"totalitarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"Trotskyism\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:\", \"text\": \"I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.\"], \"links\": [[\"far-left\", \"far-left\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"ideology\", \"ideology\"], [\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"advocating\", \"advocate#Verb\"], [\"holding\", \"hold#Verb\"], [\"production\", \"production\"], [\"resources\", \"resource#Noun\"], [\"collectively\", \"collectively\"], [\"seizing\", \"seize\"], [\"revolution\", \"revolution\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q6186\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"dated\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"aspheterism\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q6186\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.\"], \"links\": [[\"communist\", \"communist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.\"], \"links\": [[\"socialist\", \"socialist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:\", \"text\": \"A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"links\": [[\"Readiness\", \"readiness\"], [\"scientific\", \"scientific\"], [\"finding\", \"finding\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"rare\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-communism.oga\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"Communism\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizëm\"}, {\"code\": \"am\", \"lang\": \"Amharic\", \"roman\": \"kʷämunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ኰሙኒስም\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شيوعية\"}, {\"code\": \"an\", \"lang\": \"Aragonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"xaimmobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"kamunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"камуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"komiunijom\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"কমিউনিজম\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śammobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunacca.nac\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunac-wada.\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"roman\": \"gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"roman\": \"⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"co\", \"lang\": \"Corsican\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"સામ્યવાદ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קוֹמוּנִיזְם\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kamyunizam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"कम्युनिज़म\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"samāntāvād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"समानतावाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommúnismi\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kommuynɨh niyum\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"latthiʼ kommuynɨh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"komonîzm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کۆمۆنیزم\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komûnîzm\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"lat thi khǭm mū nit\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"ln\", \"lang\": \"Lingala\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komynisimɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kominisma\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komonisma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"faham komunis\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"kamyūṇisaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"കമ്യൂണിസം\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"സാമ്യവാദം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komuniżmu\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cummynys\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"whiwhingatahitanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ev xamt jos\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"China\", \"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"эв хамт ёс\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommünism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"eb qamtu yosu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"or\", \"lang\": \"Odia\", \"roman\": \"sāmjabāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"kamūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کمونيزم\"}, {\"code\": \"fa-ira\", \"lang\": \"Iranian Persian\", \"roman\": \"komunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کُمونیسْم\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"sāmavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਸਾਮਵਾਦ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comannachd\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"samasamājawādaya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"සමසමාජවාදය\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ukomunisti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kalamaan\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"potuvuṭamai\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"பொதுவுடமை\"}, {\"code\": \"tt\", \"lang\": \"Tatar\", \"roman\": \"qommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādamu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"సామ్యవాదము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"gung khran ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"dmar po'i ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"كوممۇنىزم\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"主義共產\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"chủ nghĩa cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kobädim\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קאָמוניזם\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanjcujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanj cujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"chế độ cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"tieteellinen kommunismi\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"communism\"], \"word\": \"communism\"}", "path": [], "section": "English", "subsection": "noun", "title": "communism", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags", "msg": "communism/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag German-Low-German not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English hybridisms\", \"English hybridisms suffixed with -ism\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from French\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms suffixed with -ism\", \"English uncountable nouns\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for review of Breton translations\", \"Requests for review of Esperanto translations\", \"Requests for review of Galician translations\", \"Requests for review of Persian translations\", \"Requests for review of Sicilian translations\", \"Requests for review of Slovak translations\", \"Requests for review of Somali translations\", \"Requests for review of Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Amharic translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Aragonese translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Assamese translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Burmese translations\", \"Terms with Cantonese translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Central Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Corsican translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Eastern Min translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German Low German translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Greenlandic translations\", \"Terms with Gujarati translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hindi translations\", \"Terms with Hokkien translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Kannada translations\", \"Terms with Kazakh translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Kyrgyz translations\", \"Terms with Lao translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lingala translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Malagasy translations\", \"Terms with Malay translations\", \"Terms with Malayalam translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Manx translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Mongolian translations\", \"Terms with Nepali translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Odia translations\", \"Terms with Pashto translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Punjabi translations\", \"Terms with Quechua translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Sinhalese translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Somali translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swahili translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Tajik translations\", \"Terms with Tamil translations\", \"Terms with Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Telugu translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Tibetan translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Tuvan translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Urdu translations\", \"Terms with Uyghur translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Venetan translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"Terms with Wu translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"Terms with Zhuang translations\", \"en:Communism\", \"en:Marxism\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"anarchocommunism\"}, {\"english\": \"anarchist communism, free communism, libertarian communism\", \"word\": \"anarcho-communism\"}, {\"english\": \"anti-communism\", \"word\": \"anticommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"barracks communism\"}, {\"word\": \"cryptocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"cybercommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Eurocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Fully Automated Luxury Gay Space Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"goulash communism\"}, {\"word\": \"Islamocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"market communism\"}, {\"word\": \"military communism\"}, {\"word\": \"neocommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"noncommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Obamunism\"}, {\"word\": \"para-communism\"}, {\"word\": \"postcommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"procommunism\"}, {\"word\": \"Serbo-Communism\"}, {\"word\": \"war communism\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fr\", \"3\": \"communisme\"}, \"expansion\": \"French communisme\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"commūnis\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin commūnis\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"commune\", \"3\": \"-ism\"}, \"expansion\": \"By surface analysis, commune + -ism\", \"name\": \"surf\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"A borrowing from French communisme, which was formed from commun (“common”) (from Latin commūnis) and the suffix -isme (“-ism”). By surface analysis, commune + -ism.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"communisms\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"~\"}, \"expansion\": \"communism (countable and uncountable, plural communisms)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"commie\"}, {\"word\": \"communal\"}, {\"word\": \"communalism\"}, {\"word\": \"commune\"}, {\"word\": \"communist\"}, {\"word\": \"communistic\"}, {\"word\": \"communistical\"}, {\"word\": \"communistically\"}, {\"word\": \"decommunisation\"}, {\"word\": \"authoritarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"capitalism\"}, {\"word\": \"collectivism\"}, {\"word\": \"Hitlerism\"}, {\"word\": \"individualism\"}, {\"word\": \"leftism\"}, {\"word\": \"Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"liberalism\"}, {\"word\": \"Maoism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism\"}, {\"word\": \"Marxism-Leninism\"}, {\"word\": \"National Socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Nazism\"}, {\"word\": \"socialism\"}, {\"word\": \"Stalinism\"}, {\"word\": \"statism\"}, {\"word\": \"totalitarianism\"}, {\"word\": \"Trotskyism\"}], \"senses\": [{\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1932, D. H. Lawrence, The Letters of D.H. Lawrence, Edited by A. Huxley, page 219:\", \"text\": \"I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.\"], \"links\": [[\"far-left\", \"far-left\"], [\"political\", \"political\"], [\"ideology\", \"ideology\"], [\"philosophy\", \"philosophy\"], [\"advocating\", \"advocate#Verb\"], [\"holding\", \"hold#Verb\"], [\"production\", \"production\"], [\"resources\", \"resource#Noun\"], [\"collectively\", \"collectively\"], [\"seizing\", \"seize\"], [\"revolution\", \"revolution\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q6186\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"tags\": [\"dated\", \"rare\"], \"word\": \"aspheterism\"}], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"], \"wikidata\": [\"Q6186\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.\"], \"links\": [[\"communist\", \"communist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.\"], \"links\": [[\"socialist\", \"socialist\"]], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"uncountable\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\", \"English terms with rare senses\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"2022 January 26, Liam Kofi Bright, Remco Heesen, “To Be Scientific Is To Be Communist”, in Social Epistemology, volume 37, number 3, →DOI:\", \"text\": \"A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"links\": [[\"Readiness\", \"readiness\"], [\"scientific\", \"scientific\"], [\"finding\", \"finding\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(rare) Readiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).\"], \"tags\": [\"countable\", \"rare\", \"uncountable\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɒm.ju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"UK\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mju.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɑ.mjə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"US\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"[ˈkɔm.jə.nɪ.zm̩]\", \"tags\": [\"General-Australian\"]}, {\"audio\": \"En-us-communism.oga\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga/En-us-communism.oga.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/En-us-communism.oga\"}], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"Communism\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizëm\"}, {\"code\": \"am\", \"lang\": \"Amharic\", \"roman\": \"kʷämunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ኰሙኒስም\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شيوعية\"}, {\"code\": \"an\", \"lang\": \"Aragonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"as\", \"lang\": \"Assamese\", \"roman\": \"xaimmobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"kamunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"камуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"komiunijom\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"কমিউনিজম\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śammobad\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"সাম্যবাদ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunacca.nac\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်စနစ်\"}, {\"code\": \"my\", \"lang\": \"Burmese\", \"roman\": \"kwanmrunac-wada.\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ကွန်မြူနစ်ဝါဒ\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cdo\", \"lang\": \"Eastern Min Chinese\", \"roman\": \"gê̤ṳng-sāng ciō-ngiê\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"wuu\", \"lang\": \"Wu Chinese\", \"roman\": \"⁶gon-tshe-tsy-gni\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"co\", \"lang\": \"Corsican\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisma\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"gu\", \"lang\": \"Gujarati\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"સામ્યવાદ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קוֹמוּנִיזְם\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"kamyunizam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"कम्युनिज़म\"}, {\"code\": \"hi\", \"lang\": \"Hindi\", \"roman\": \"samāntāvād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"समानतावाद\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommúnismi\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"code\": \"kn\", \"lang\": \"Kannada\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ಸಾಮ್ಯವಾದ\"}, {\"code\": \"kk\", \"lang\": \"Kazakh\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kommuynɨh niyum\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"កុម្មុយនិស្តនិយម\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"latthiʼ kommuynɨh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"លទ្ធិកុម្មុយនិស្ត\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"ckb\", \"lang\": \"Central Kurdish\", \"roman\": \"komonîzm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کۆمۆنیزم\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komûnîzm\"}, {\"code\": \"ky\", \"lang\": \"Kyrgyz\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"lo\", \"lang\": \"Lao\", \"roman\": \"lat thi khǭm mū nit\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ລັດທິຄອມມູນິດ\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"ln\", \"lang\": \"Lingala\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komynisimɛ\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kominisma\"}, {\"code\": \"mg\", \"lang\": \"Malagasy\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komonisma\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"faham komunis\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"kamyūṇisaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"കമ്യൂണിസം\"}, {\"code\": \"ml\", \"lang\": \"Malayalam\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādaṁ\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"സാമ്യവാദം\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komuniżmu\"}, {\"code\": \"gv\", \"lang\": \"Manx\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cummynys\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"whiwhingatahitanga\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"ev xamt jos\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"China\", \"Cyrillic\"], \"word\": \"эв хамт ёс\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"kommünism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠺᠣᠮᠮᠦ᠋ᠨᠢᠰᠮ\"}, {\"code\": \"mn\", \"lang\": \"Mongolian\", \"roman\": \"eb qamtu yosu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Mongolian\"], \"word\": \"ᠡᠪ ᠬᠠᠮᠲᠤ ᠶᠣᠰᠤ\"}, {\"code\": \"ne\", \"lang\": \"Nepali\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"साम्यवाद\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"or\", \"lang\": \"Odia\", \"roman\": \"sāmjabāda\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ସାମ୍ଯବାଦ\"}, {\"code\": \"ps\", \"lang\": \"Pashto\", \"roman\": \"kamūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کمونيزم\"}, {\"code\": \"fa-ira\", \"lang\": \"Iranian Persian\", \"roman\": \"komunism\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"کُمونیسْم\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"pa\", \"lang\": \"Punjabi\", \"roman\": \"sāmavād\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ਸਾਮਵਾਦ\"}, {\"code\": \"qu\", \"lang\": \"Quechua\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comannachd\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumunismu\"}, {\"code\": \"si\", \"lang\": \"Sinhalese\", \"roman\": \"samasamājawādaya\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"සමසමාජවාදය\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sw\", \"lang\": \"Swahili\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ukomunisti\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kalamaan\"}, {\"code\": \"tg\", \"lang\": \"Tajik\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"ta\", \"lang\": \"Tamil\", \"roman\": \"potuvuṭamai\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"பொதுவுடமை\"}, {\"code\": \"tt\", \"lang\": \"Tatar\", \"roman\": \"qommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"te\", \"lang\": \"Telugu\", \"roman\": \"sāmyavādamu\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"సామ్యవాదము\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"roman\": \"lát-tí-kɔm-miu-nít\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"ลัทธิคอมมิวนิสต์\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"gung khran ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"གུང་ཁྲན་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"bo\", \"lang\": \"Tibetan\", \"roman\": \"dmar po'i ring lugs\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"དམར་པོའི་རིང་ལུགས\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tyv\", \"lang\": \"Tuvan\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"коммунизм\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"komunízm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуні́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"ug\", \"lang\": \"Uyghur\", \"roman\": \"kommunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"كوممۇنىزم\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kommunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetan\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"主義共產\", \"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"chủ nghĩa cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"kobädim\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"קאָמוניזם\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanjcujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"za\", \"lang\": \"Zhuang\", \"sense\": \"ideology/philosophy\", \"word\": \"gungcanj cujyi\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"šuyūʕiyya\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"شُيُوعِيَّة\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"komunizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"կոմունիզմ\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"komunízǎm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зъм\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"yue\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Cantonese\", \"roman\": \"gung⁶ caan² zyu² ji⁶\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"nan-hbl\", \"lang\": \"Chinese\", \"roman\": \"kiōng-sán-chú-gī\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Hokkien\"], \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共產主義\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"gòngchǎnzhǔyì\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共产主义\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"communisme\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"ḳomunizmi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"კომუნიზმი\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"kommounismós\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"κομμουνισμός\"}, {\"code\": \"kl\", \"lang\": \"Greenlandic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunistiussuseq\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"kommunizmus\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"cumannachas\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"alt\": \"きょうさんしゅぎ\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"kyōsanshugi\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"共産主義\"}, {\"alt\": \"共產主義\", \"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"gongsanjuui\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"공산주의\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunisms\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizmas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds-de\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"German-Low-German\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Kommunismus\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"komunízam\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комуни́зам\"}, {\"code\": \"ms\", \"lang\": \"Malay\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"kommunisme\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizm\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"comunism\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"kommunízm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"коммуни́зм\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"co-mhaoineas\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"комунѝзам\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunìzam\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"komunizem\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"comunismo\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"kommunism\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünizm\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"komünistlik\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"iśtimāliyat\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"اِشْتِمالِیَت\"}, {\"code\": \"ur\", \"lang\": \"Urdu\", \"roman\": \"kamyūnizm\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"کَمْیُونِزْم\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"word\": \"chế độ cộng sản\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"society\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"comiwnyddiaeth\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"kommunismi\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"scientific norm\", \"word\": \"tieteellinen kommunismi\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"communism\"], \"word\": \"communism\"}", "path": [], "section": "English", "subsection": "noun", "title": "communism", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.