"u" meaning in Translingual

See u in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Character

Forms: U [uppercase]
Etymology: Minuscule variation of U, a modern variation of classical Latin V, from seventh century Old Latin adoption of Old Italic letter 𐌖 (V). Etymology templates: {{m|mul|U}} U, {{m|mul|V}} V, {{m|mul|𐌖|tr=V}} 𐌖 (V) Head templates: {{mul-letter|lower=u|upper=U}} u (upper case U)
  1. The twenty-first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet. Tags: letter
    Sense id: en-u-mul-character-ueZJa8dB Categories (other): Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter, Translingual terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter: 15 24 18 6 11 25 Related terms: A [Latin, character], a [Latin, character], B [Latin, character], b [Latin, character], C [Latin, character], c [Latin, character], D [Latin, character], d [Latin, character], E [Latin, character], e [Latin, character], F [Latin, character], f [Latin, character], G [Latin, character], g [Latin, character], H [Latin, character], h [Latin, character], I [Latin, character], i [Latin, character], J [Latin, character], j [Latin, character], K [Latin, character], k [Latin, character], L [Latin, character], l [Latin, character], M [Latin, character], m [Latin, character], N [Latin, character], n [Latin, character], O [Latin, character], o [Latin, character], P [Latin, character], p [Latin, character], Q [Latin, character], q [Latin, character], R [Latin, character], r [Latin, character], S [Latin, character], ſ [Latin, character], s [Latin, character], T [Latin, character], t [Latin, character], U [Latin, character], u [Latin, character], V [Latin, character], v [Latin, character], W [Latin, character], w [Latin, character], X [Latin, character], x [Latin, character], Y [Latin, character], y [Latin, character], Z [Latin, character], z [Latin, character], Greek υ (upsilon), Hebrew ו (vav) Related terms (Variations of letter U): Ú [letter], ú [letter], Ù [letter], ù [letter], Ŭ [letter], ŭ [letter], Û [letter], û [letter], Ǔ [letter], ǔ [letter], Ů [letter], ů [letter], Ü [letter], ü [letter], Ǘ [letter], ǘ [letter], Ǜ [letter], ǜ [letter], Ǚ [letter], ǚ [letter], Ǖ [letter], ǖ [letter], Ű [letter], ű [letter], Ũ [letter], ũ [letter], [letter], [letter], Ų [letter], ų [letter], Ū [letter], ū [letter], [letter], [letter], Ủ [letter], ủ [letter], Ȕ [letter], ȕ [letter], Ȗ [letter], ȗ [letter], Ư [letter], ư [letter], Ứ [letter], ứ [letter], Ừ [letter], ừ [letter], Ữ [letter], ữ [letter], Ử [letter], ử [letter], Ự [letter], ự [letter], Ụ [letter], ụ [letter], Ṳ [letter], ṳ [letter], [letter], [letter], [letter], [letter], Ʉ [letter], ʉ [letter], [letter], [letter], [letter], U [letter], u [letter], Ꜷ [letter], ꜷ [letter], Ȣ [letter], ȣ [letter], ᵫ [letter] Related terms (other scripts): Cyrillic у
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Symbol

Audio: Close back rounded vowel.ogg
Head templates: {{head|mul|symbols}} u
  1. (metrology) Symbol for atomic mass unit Tags: alt-of, symbol Alternative form of: atomic mass unit Categories (topical): Metrology
    Sense id: en-u-mul-symbol-tNhhr3Gm Categories (other): American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts, Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter, Translingual entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts: 6 39 31 6 12 5 Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter: 15 24 18 6 11 25 Disambiguation of Translingual entries with incorrect language header: 9 31 30 8 11 12 Topics: metrology
  2. (IPA, phonetics) a close back rounded vowel. Tags: IPA Categories (topical): Phonetics
    Sense id: en-u-mul-symbol-CnCPGfZC Categories (other): IPA symbols, IPA symbols, Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter, Translingual entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of IPA symbols: 3 19 32 21 7 18 Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter: 15 24 18 6 11 25 Disambiguation of Translingual entries with incorrect language header: 9 31 30 8 11 12 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, phonetics, phonology, sciences
  3. (IPA, superscript ⟨ᵘ⟩) [u]-coloring, a [u] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [u]. Tags: IPA
    Sense id: en-u-mul-symbol-kSsYSYUn Categories (other): IPA symbols
  4. (international standards) transliterates Indic उ (or equivalent).
    Sense id: en-u-mul-symbol-8spfoq~V Categories (other): Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter, Translingual entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter: 15 24 18 6 11 25 Disambiguation of Translingual entries with incorrect language header: 9 31 30 8 11 12
  5. (physics) up quark Categories (topical): Subatomic particles
    Sense id: en-u-mul-symbol-C0j3~57~ Categories (other): Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter, Translingual entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter: 15 24 18 6 11 25 Disambiguation of Translingual entries with incorrect language header: 9 31 30 8 11 12 Topics: natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: Uniform (english: NATO phonetic), ··– (english: Morse code), (english: Braille), U (english: ASL Manual)
Etymology number: 2

Download JSON data for u meaning in Translingual (13.4kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "U"
      },
      "expansion": "U",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "V"
      },
      "expansion": "V",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "𐌖",
        "tr": "V"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌖 (V)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Minuscule variation of U, a modern variation of classical Latin V, from seventh century Old Latin adoption of Old Italic letter 𐌖 (V).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "U",
      "tags": [
        "uppercase"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "lower": "u",
        "upper": "U"
      },
      "expansion": "u (upper case U)",
      "name": "mul-letter"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 24 18 6 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The twenty-first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet."
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-character-ueZJa8dB",
      "links": [
        [
          "basic modern Latin alphabet",
          "Appendix:Latin script#English"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "A"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "a"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "B"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "b"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "C"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "c"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "D"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "d"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "E"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "e"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "F"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "f"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "G"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "g"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
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          "word": "H"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
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          "word": "h"
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        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
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          "word": "I"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "i"
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        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "J"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "j"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "K"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "k"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "L"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "l"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "M"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "m"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "N"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "n"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "O"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "o"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "P"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "p"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "Q"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "q"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "R"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "r"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "S"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "ſ"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "s"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "T"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "t"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "U"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "u"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "V"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "v"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "W"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "w"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "X"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "x"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "Y"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "y"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "Z"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "Latin",
            "character"
          ],
          "word": "z"
        },
        {
          "roman": "upsilon",
          "word": "Greek υ"
        },
        {
          "roman": "vav",
          "word": "Hebrew ו"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ú"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ú"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ù"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ù"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ŭ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ŭ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Û"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "û"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ǔ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ǔ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ů"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ů"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ü"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ü"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ǘ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ǘ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ǜ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ǜ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ǚ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ǚ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ǖ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ǖ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ű"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ű"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ũ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ũ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ṹ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ṹ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ų"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ų"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ū"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ū"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ṻ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ṻ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ủ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ủ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ȕ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ȕ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ȗ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ȗ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ư"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ư"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ứ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ứ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ừ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ừ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ữ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ữ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ử"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ử"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ự"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ự"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ụ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ụ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ṳ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ṳ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ṷ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ṷ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ṵ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ṵ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ʉ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ʉ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ᵾ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ᶙ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ᴜ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "U"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "u"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ꜷ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ꜷ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "Ȣ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ȣ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Variations of letter U",
          "tags": [
            "letter"
          ],
          "word": "ᵫ"
        },
        {
          "sense": "other scripts",
          "word": "Cyrillic у"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "u"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "symbols"
      },
      "expansion": "u",
      "name": "head"
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  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "symbol",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "NATO phonetic",
      "word": "Uniform"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Morse code",
      "word": "··–"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Braille",
      "word": "⠥"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "ASL Manual",
      "word": "U"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "atomic mass unit"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "mul",
          "name": "Metrology",
          "orig": "mul:Metrology",
          "parents": [
            "Applied sciences",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 39 31 6 12 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
          "parents": [
            "Terms in nonstandard scripts",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 24 18 6 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 30 8 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Symbol for atomic mass unit"
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-symbol-tNhhr3Gm",
      "links": [
        [
          "metrology",
          "metrology"
        ],
        [
          "atomic mass unit",
          "atomic mass unit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metrology) Symbol for atomic mass unit"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "symbol"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "metrology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "IPA symbols",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "mul",
          "name": "Phonetics",
          "orig": "mul:Phonetics",
          "parents": [
            "Linguistics",
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 19 32 21 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "IPA symbols",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 24 18 6 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 30 8 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a close back rounded vowel."
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-symbol-CnCPGfZC",
      "links": [
        [
          "phonetics",
          "phonetics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(IPA, phonetics) a close back rounded vowel."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonetics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "IPA symbols",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "[u]-coloring, a [u] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [u]."
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-symbol-kSsYSYUn",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(IPA, superscript ⟨ᵘ⟩) [u]-coloring, a [u] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [u]."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 24 18 6 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 30 8 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "transliterates Indic उ (or equivalent)."
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-symbol-8spfoq~V",
      "links": [
        [
          "उ",
          "उ"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "international standards",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(international standards) transliterates Indic उ (or equivalent)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "mul",
          "name": "Subatomic particles",
          "orig": "mul:Subatomic particles",
          "parents": [
            "Matter",
            "Particle physics",
            "Chemistry",
            "Nature",
            "Physics",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 24 18 6 11 25",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 30 8 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up quark"
      ],
      "id": "en-u-mul-symbol-C0j3~57~",
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "up quark",
          "up quark"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) up quark"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Close back rounded vowel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg",
      "text": "IPA"
    }
  ],
  "word": "u"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
    "IPA symbols",
    "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
    "Translingual lemmas",
    "Translingual letters",
    "Translingual symbols",
    "Translingual terms with audio links",
    "Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "U"
      },
      "expansion": "U",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "V"
      },
      "expansion": "V",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "𐌖",
        "tr": "V"
      },
      "expansion": "𐌖 (V)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Minuscule variation of U, a modern variation of classical Latin V, from seventh century Old Latin adoption of Old Italic letter 𐌖 (V).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "U",
      "tags": [
        "uppercase"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "lower": "u",
        "upper": "U"
      },
      "expansion": "u (upper case U)",
      "name": "mul-letter"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "character",
  "related": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "A"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "a"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "B"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "b"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "C"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "c"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "D"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "d"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "E"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "e"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "F"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "f"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "G"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "g"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "H"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "h"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "I"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "i"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "J"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "j"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "K"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "k"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "L"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "l"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "M"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "m"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "N"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "n"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "O"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "o"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "P"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "p"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "Q"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "q"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "R"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "r"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "S"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "ſ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "s"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "T"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "t"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "U"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "u"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "V"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "v"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "W"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "w"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "X"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "x"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "Y"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "y"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "Z"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Latin",
        "character"
      ],
      "word": "z"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ú"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ú"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ù"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ù"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ŭ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ŭ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Û"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "û"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ǔ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ǔ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ů"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ů"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ü"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ü"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ǘ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ǘ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ǜ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ǜ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ǚ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ǚ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ǖ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ǖ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ű"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ű"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ũ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ũ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ṹ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ṹ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ų"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ų"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ū"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ū"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ṻ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ṻ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ủ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ủ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ȕ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ȕ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ȗ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ȗ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ư"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ư"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ứ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ứ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ừ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ừ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ữ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ữ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ử"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ử"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ự"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ự"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ụ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ụ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ṳ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ṳ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ṷ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ṷ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ṵ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ṵ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ʉ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ʉ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ᵾ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ᶙ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ᴜ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "U"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "u"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ꜷ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ꜷ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "Ȣ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ȣ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Variations of letter U",
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ],
      "word": "ᵫ"
    },
    {
      "sense": "other scripts",
      "word": "Cyrillic у"
    },
    {
      "roman": "upsilon",
      "word": "Greek υ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vav",
      "word": "Hebrew ו"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The twenty-first letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "basic modern Latin alphabet",
          "Appendix:Latin script#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "letter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "u"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "American Sign Language terms in nonstandard scripts",
    "IPA symbols",
    "Pages using bad params when calling Template:Letter",
    "Pages with raw sortkeys",
    "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
    "Translingual lemmas",
    "Translingual symbols",
    "Translingual terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mul",
        "2": "symbols"
      },
      "expansion": "u",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Translingual",
  "lang_code": "mul",
  "pos": "symbol",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "NATO phonetic",
      "word": "Uniform"
    },
    {
      "english": "Morse code",
      "word": "··–"
    },
    {
      "english": "Braille",
      "word": "⠥"
    },
    {
      "english": "ASL Manual",
      "word": "U"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "atomic mass unit"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "mul:Metrology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Symbol for atomic mass unit"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "metrology",
          "metrology"
        ],
        [
          "atomic mass unit",
          "atomic mass unit"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(metrology) Symbol for atomic mass unit"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "symbol"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "metrology"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "IPA symbols",
        "mul:Phonetics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a close back rounded vowel."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "phonetics",
          "phonetics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(IPA, phonetics) a close back rounded vowel."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "phonetics",
        "phonology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "IPA symbols"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "[u]-coloring, a [u] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [u]."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(IPA, superscript ⟨ᵘ⟩) [u]-coloring, a [u] on-glide or off-glide (a diphthong), or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo [u]."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "transliterates Indic उ (or equivalent)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "उ",
          "उ"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "international standards",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(international standards) transliterates Indic उ (or equivalent)."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "mul:Subatomic particles"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "up quark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "up quark",
          "up quark"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) up quark"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Close back rounded vowel.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Close_back_rounded_vowel.ogg",
      "text": "IPA"
    }
  ],
  "word": "u"
}
{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: IPA, superscript ⟨ᵘ⟩",
  "path": [
    "u"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: IPA, superscript ⟨ᵘ⟩",
  "path": [
    "u"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.PARSER_FN: <PARSER_FN(['#tag'], ['pre'], ['Character=U']){} >",
  "path": [
    "u"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
  "msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
  "path": [
    "u",
    "Letter",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:checkparams:warn()",
    "extensionTag()"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
  "msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
  "path": [
    "u",
    "Letter",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:checkparams:warn()",
    "frame:preprocess()",
    "#tag",
    "#tag"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
  "msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
  "path": [
    "u",
    "Letter",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:checkparams:warn()",
    "extensionTag()"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "parserfns/156",
  "msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
  "path": [
    "u",
    "Letter",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:checkparams:warn()",
    "frame:preprocess()",
    "#tag",
    "#tag"
  ],
  "section": "Translingual",
  "subsection": "symbol",
  "title": "u",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Translingual dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.