See काल in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for काल meaning in Sanskrit (65.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کۄلُ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کۄلُ (kọlu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کۄلُ (kọlu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāḷa",
"3": "kāḷaka"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-ard"
},
"expansion": "Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "awa",
"2": "करिआ"
},
"expansion": "Awadhi: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Awadhi: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dmk",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Domaaki: کال (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Domaaki: کال (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani: kālā, kāliyā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "काला",
"3": "कालिया",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: काला, कालिया",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: काला, कालिया"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کَالَا",
"3": "کَالِیَا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کَالَا (kālā), کَالِیَا (kāliyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کَالَا (kālā), کَالِیَا (kāliyā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "kalo"
},
"expansion": "Romani: kalo\nAngloromani: kalo, kala, kali, kalli, kallo, kawla, kawlo, kawlu, kora, kowlo, kula\nBalkan Romani: kalo\nBaltic Romani: kalo, kaalò\nCaló: caló (“tanned, dark-skinned; Romani”)\nCatalan: caló, calé\nPortuguese: caló, calão\nSpanish: caló\nCarpathian Romani: kalo, kaalo; kaulo; kálo\nKalo Finnish Romani: kaalo\nSinte Romani: kalo\nWelsh Romani: kålo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Romani: kalo\nAngloromani: kalo, kala, kali, kalli, kallo, kawla, kawlo, kawlu, kora, kowlo, kula\nBalkan Romani: kalo\nBaltic Romani: kalo, kaalò\nCaló: caló (“tanned, dark-skinned; Romani”)\nCatalan: caló, calé\nPortuguese: caló, calão\nSpanish: caló\nCarpathian Romani: kalo, kaalo; kaulo; kálo\nKalo Finnish Romani: kaalo\nSinte Romani: kalo\nWelsh Romani: kålo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mag",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "ক’লা",
"tr": "kola"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: ক’লা (kola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: ক’লা (kola)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কালো",
"3": "কালা"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কালো (kalō), কালা (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কালো (kalō), কালা (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bh",
"2": "कारी",
"3": "करिया",
"tr1": "kārī",
"tr2": "kariyā"
},
"expansion": "Bihari: कारी (kārī), करिया (kariyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bihari: कारी (kārī), करिया (kariyā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bho",
"2": "करिआ"
},
"expansion": "Bhojpuri: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bhojpuri: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mag",
"2": "करिआ",
"tr": "kariā"
},
"expansion": "Magahi: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magahi: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mai",
"2": "कारी",
"3": "कारि",
"4": "करिया"
},
"expansion": "Maithili: कारी (kārī), कारि (kārɨ), करिया (kariyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maithili: कारी (kārī), कारि (kārɨ), करिया (kariyā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କଲା"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କଲା (kôla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କଲା (kôla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-kha"
},
"expansion": "Khasa Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasa Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kfy",
"2": "कालो",
"3": "काव",
"tr1": "kālo",
"tr2": "kāw"
},
"expansion": "Kumaoni: कालो (kālo), काव (kāw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumaoni: कालो (kālo), काव (kāw)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "कालो"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: कालो (kālo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: कालो (kālo)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bhd",
"2": "काओ"
},
"expansion": "Bhadrawahi: काओ (kāo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bhadrawahi: काओ (kāo)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jns",
"2": "कावो"
},
"expansion": "Jaunsari: कावो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jaunsari: कावो"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-pai"
},
"expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Paisaci Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-tak"
},
"expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takka Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lah",
"2": "کالا",
"tr": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Lahnda: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lahnda: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: kālā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: kālā"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کالا",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-vra"
},
"expansion": "Vracada Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vracada Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāro"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: kāro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: kāro"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ (kāḷā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ (kāḷā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کالا",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-hel",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Helu Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dv",
"2": "ކަޅު"
},
"expansion": "Dhivehi: ކަޅު (kaḷu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dhivehi: ކަޅު (kaḷu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කළු",
"3": "කැලි"
},
"expansion": "Sinhalese: කළු (kaḷu), කැලි (kæli)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sinhalese: කළු (kaḷu), කැලි (kæli)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "",
"alt1": "kāḷễ",
"alt2": "kāḷo"
},
"expansion": "Konkani: kāḷễ, kāḷo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Konkani: kāḷễ, kāḷo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "काळें",
"3": "काळो",
"sclb": "1",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: काळें, काळो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: काळें, काळो"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "ಕಾಳೆಂ",
"3": "ಕಾಳೊ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳೆಂ, ಕಾಳೊ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳೆಂ, ಕಾಳೊ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "kallem",
"3": "kallo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kallem, kallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kallem, kallo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "काळा"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: काळा (kāḷā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: काळा (kāḷā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળું",
"3": "કાળિયું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ), કાળિયું (kāḷiyũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ), કાળિયું (kāḷiyũ)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrw",
"2": "काळो"
},
"expansion": "Maranao: काळो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maranao: काळो"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ī-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "काली",
"roman": "kālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालि",
"roman": "kāli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीम्",
"roman": "kālīm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः",
"roman": "kālīḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्या",
"roman": "kālyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभिः",
"roman": "kālībhiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै",
"roman": "kālyai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीनाम्",
"roman": "kālīnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याम्",
"roman": "kālyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीषु",
"roman": "kālīṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem",
"name": "sa-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"2": "kālī",
"3": "kāla"
},
"name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kālī",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 6 15 28 21 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-adj-PwFU3efS",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śveta",
"word": "श्वेत"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "śyāma",
"word": "श्याम"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kṛṣṇa",
"word": "कृष्ण"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rohita",
"word": "रोहित"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kadru",
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "piṅgala",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "piṅga",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "pāṇḍu",
"word": "पाण्डु"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "harit",
"word": "हरित्"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nīla",
"word": "नील"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nīlalohita",
"word": "नीललोहित"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue colour"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-gB~sLpOF",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 6 15 28 21 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 14 19 5 10 1 1 6 3 1 1 3 4 0 1 1 3 6 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "sa:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 38 5 10 1 1 7 2 1 1 5 3 2 1 1 3 6 6",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Face",
"orig": "sa:Face",
"parents": [
"Head and neck",
"Body parts",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pupil (dark part of the eye)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-z-hJHo2g",
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, n",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 11 10 50 7 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Balkan Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 8 7 63 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Baltic Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 12 65 7 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kalo Finnish Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 6 15 28 21 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 10 7 62 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 8 8 64 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 9 8 61 5 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 2 18 2 2 2 9 2 2 2 9 5 1 2 2 2 12 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [
"Vrddhi derivatives",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 6 11 5 1 1 16 5 1 1 7 5 1 1 1 5 10 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a black kind of agarwood from Agallochum (now Aquilaria)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-j4715aII",
"links": [
[
"agarwood",
"agarwood"
],
[
"Aquilaria",
"Aquilaria#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "26 6 15 28 21 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a kind of perfume (कक्कोलक (kakkolaka))"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-r3H7nv-d",
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
],
[
"कक्कोलक",
"कक्कोलक#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-BOnA24fn",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "kâl"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: kâl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: kâl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvy",
"2": "kāla",
"3": "kalaĩ"
},
"expansion": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "kau",
"3": "kālūna"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کَال"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کَال",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کَال"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khw",
"2": "کل",
"tr": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Khowar: کل (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khowar: کل (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashayi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aee",
"2": "kōl"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shina: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trw",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Torwali: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Torwali: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: kal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "awat-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "awte-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "wūt-kal",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កាល",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ash",
"2": "𑀓𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Romani: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romani: kal"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani: kāl, kālā"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "काल",
"3": "काला",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: काल, काला",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: काल, काला"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کَال",
"3": "کَالَا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کَال (kāl), کَالَا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کَال (kāl), کَالَا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mai",
"2": "काल",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maithili: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maithili: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mag",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "কাল"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: কাল (kal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: কাল (kal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কাল"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কাল (kal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কাল (kal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccp",
"2": "𑄇𑄣𑄴"
},
"expansion": "Chakma: 𑄇𑄣𑄴 (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chakma: 𑄇𑄣𑄴 (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କାଳ"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କାଳ (kaḷô)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କାଳ (kaḷô)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-kha"
},
"expansion": "Khasa Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasa Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbm",
"2": "काळ"
},
"expansion": "Garhwali: काळ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Garhwali: काळ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kfy",
"2": "काल",
"3": "काव",
"4": "कार",
"tr1": "kāl",
"tr2": "kāw",
"tr3": "kār"
},
"expansion": "Kumaoni: काल (kāl), काव (kāw), कार (kār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumaoni: काल (kāl), काव (kāw), कार (kār)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pgg",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Pangwali: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pangwali: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-pai"
},
"expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Paisaci Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-tak"
},
"expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takka Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کَال",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کَال",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کَال"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-vra"
},
"expansion": "Vracada Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vracada Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "",
"alt": "kālu"
},
"expansion": "Sindhi: kālu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sindhi: kālu"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "ڪَالُ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ڪَالُ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ڪَالُ"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "कालु",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: कालु",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: कालु"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-hel",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Helu Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කල"
},
"expansion": "Sinhalese: කල (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sinhalese: කල (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maharastri Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāḷu"
},
"expansion": "Konkani: kāḷu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Konkani: kāḷu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "काळु",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: काळु",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: काळु"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "ಕಾಳು",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳು",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳು"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "kallu",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kallu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kallu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "काळ"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: काळ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: काळ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwr",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "काल (kāl)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Marwari: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦭ / kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: kala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "காலம்",
"3": "கால்",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "കാലം",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कार",
"t": "action"
},
"expansion": "कार (kāra, “action”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vermę̀",
"t": "period of time"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰",
"t": "a while",
"tr": "ƕeila"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καιρός",
"t": "measure, time, season"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "काल (kāla)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"3": "कार"
},
"expansion": "कार (kāra)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कल्",
"3": "",
"4": "to calculate or enumerate"
},
"expansion": "कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin.\nPerhaps an l-form of कार (kāra, “action”), taking \"decisive action\" as the connotation.\nAlternatively, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”); compare Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”) for a parallel semantic development from an earlier \"turn\" meaning (albeit from a different root).\nHirt compares this to Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”), while Güntert compares this to Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”), and takes the l-consonant in काल (kāla) as a preservation of a dialectal form in order to distinguish from कार (kāra).\nProbably not a vṛddhi derivative of the root कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kālá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kāláḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kā́la",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kā́lau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kā́lā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kā́lāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kā́lāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kāléna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kālé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāléṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kālá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kālá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-cRd6QBAt",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 2 4 17 3 1 1 23 3 1 1 5 3 0 1 1 6 12 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Metals",
"orig": "sa:Metals",
"parents": [
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 9 3 2 2 14 5 2 2 13 12 0 2 2 5 6 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 6 11 5 1 1 16 5 1 1 7 5 1 1 1 5 10 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having driven away the assailant, he triumphs; at the time of battle he selects his antagonist as does a gambler. The man who, desirous of gratifying the gods, withholds not his riches, him the powerful Indra associates with wealth.",
"ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.42.9",
"roman": "yó devákāmo ná dhánā ruṇaddhi sámíttáṃ rāyā́ sṛjati svadhā́vān.",
"text": "उ॒त प्र॒हाम॑ति॒दीव्या॑ जयाति कृ॒तं यच्छ्व॒घ्नी वि॑चि॒नोति॑ का॒ले।\nयो दे॒वका॑मो॒ न धना॑ रुणद्धि॒ समित्तं रा॒या सृ॑जति स्व॒धावा॑न्॥\nutá prahā́matidī́vyā jayāti kṛtáṃ yácchvaghnī́ vicinóti kālé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the proper time or season for (+genitive, dative, locative, in compound, infinitive, or subjunctive with यद् (yad)"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-KCkp6oPl",
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"यद्",
"यद्#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"occasion, circumstance"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-SEG6TgqN",
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"season"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-j44k9lxX",
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-msCt1HXd",
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 9 3 2 2 14 5 2 2 13 12 0 2 2 5 6 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a period of time, time of the world (युग (yuga))"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-oD9vvDPs",
"links": [
[
"युग",
"युग#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 5 9 3 2 2 14 5 2 2 13 12 0 2 2 5 6 7",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "sa:Units of measure",
"parents": [
"Metrology",
"Quantity",
"Applied sciences",
"Mathematics",
"Sciences",
"Formal sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"measure of time, prosody"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-p0Z4jdw8",
"links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a section, part"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-ds27AAk9",
"links": [
[
"section",
"section"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the end"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-kuuc0IHw",
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"death by age"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-w6FimxCf",
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-5TSGWexf",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"destiny",
"destiny"
],
[
"fate",
"fate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 3 2 18 2 2 2 9 2 2 2 9 5 1 2 2 2 12 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [
"Vrddhi derivatives",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 14 14 10 0 0 11 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 12 2 21 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "sa:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"Human",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 13 14 0 0 0 18 18 0 5 2 15 15 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "sa:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 0 0 1 0 12 14 1 0 0 17 16 0 4 2 14 14 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Timekeeping",
"orig": "sa:Timekeeping",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 6 11 5 1 1 16 5 1 1 7 5 1 1 1 5 10 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am mighty time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annhilate the worlds.\nEven without your participation, the warriors arrayed in the opposing army shall cease to exist.",
"ref": "c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 11.32",
"roman": "ṛteʼpi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve yeʼvasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ",
"text": "कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः।\nऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः\nkāloʼsmi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-Jc3UeguT",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 10 7 1 7 8 9 3 2 2 8 1 0 1 6 1 0 0 3 1 0 0 0 2 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 6 7 2 8 10 7 4 2 2 6 1 1 3 6 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 6 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 3 21 2 1 2 8 2 1 1 5 4 0 1 1 3 13 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 3 2 18 2 2 2 9 2 2 2 9 5 1 2 2 2 12 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"parents": [
"Vrddhi derivatives",
"Terms by etymology"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 5 11 6 1 1 7 4 1 1 8 3 1 1 1 4 15 23",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Hindu deities",
"orig": "sa:Hindu deities",
"parents": [
"Gods",
"Hindu mythology",
"Religion",
"Hinduism",
"Mythology",
"Culture",
"India",
"Society",
"Asia",
"All topics",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 6 11 5 1 1 16 5 1 1 7 5 1 1 1 5 10 13",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "sa",
"name": "Woods",
"orig": "sa:Woods",
"parents": [
"Natural materials",
"Trees",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Plants",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Lifeforms",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Life",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kāla, personified is also a देवर्षि (devarṣi) in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva"
],
"id": "en-काल-sa-noun-IAyqQM9l",
"links": [
[
"देवर्षि",
"देवर्षि#Sanskrit"
],
[
"Indra",
"Indra"
],
[
"Dhruva",
"Dhruva"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Balkan Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Baltic Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Kalo Finnish Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Requests for native script for Jadgali terms",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کۄلُ"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کۄلُ (kọlu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کۄلُ (kọlu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāḷa",
"3": "kāḷaka"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāḷa, kāḷaka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑀬 (kālaya)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-ard"
},
"expansion": "Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "awa",
"2": "करिआ"
},
"expansion": "Awadhi: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Awadhi: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dmk",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Domaaki: کال (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Domaaki: کال (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani: kālā, kāliyā"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "काला",
"3": "कालिया",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: काला, कालिया",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: काला, कालिया"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کَالَا",
"3": "کَالِیَا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کَالَا (kālā), کَالِیَا (kāliyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کَالَا (kālā), کَالِیَا (kāliyā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "kalo"
},
"expansion": "Romani: kalo\nAngloromani: kalo, kala, kali, kalli, kallo, kawla, kawlo, kawlu, kora, kowlo, kula\nBalkan Romani: kalo\nBaltic Romani: kalo, kaalò\nCaló: caló (“tanned, dark-skinned; Romani”)\nCatalan: caló, calé\nPortuguese: caló, calão\nSpanish: caló\nCarpathian Romani: kalo, kaalo; kaulo; kálo\nKalo Finnish Romani: kaalo\nSinte Romani: kalo\nWelsh Romani: kålo",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Romani: kalo\nAngloromani: kalo, kala, kali, kalli, kallo, kawla, kawlo, kawlu, kora, kowlo, kula\nBalkan Romani: kalo\nBaltic Romani: kalo, kaalò\nCaló: caló (“tanned, dark-skinned; Romani”)\nCatalan: caló, calé\nPortuguese: caló, calão\nSpanish: caló\nCarpathian Romani: kalo, kaalo; kaulo; kálo\nKalo Finnish Romani: kaalo\nSinte Romani: kalo\nWelsh Romani: kålo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mag",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "ক’লা",
"tr": "kola"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: ক’লা (kola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: ক’লা (kola)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কালো",
"3": "কালা"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কালো (kalō), কালা (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কালো (kalō), কালা (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bh",
"2": "कारी",
"3": "करिया",
"tr1": "kārī",
"tr2": "kariyā"
},
"expansion": "Bihari: कारी (kārī), करिया (kariyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bihari: कारी (kārī), करिया (kariyā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bho",
"2": "करिआ"
},
"expansion": "Bhojpuri: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bhojpuri: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mag",
"2": "करिआ",
"tr": "kariā"
},
"expansion": "Magahi: करिआ (kariā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magahi: करिआ (kariā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mai",
"2": "कारी",
"3": "कारि",
"4": "करिया"
},
"expansion": "Maithili: कारी (kārī), कारि (kārɨ), करिया (kariyā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maithili: कारी (kārī), कारि (kārɨ), करिया (kariyā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କଲା"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କଲା (kôla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କଲା (kôla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-kha"
},
"expansion": "Khasa Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasa Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kfy",
"2": "कालो",
"3": "काव",
"tr1": "kālo",
"tr2": "kāw"
},
"expansion": "Kumaoni: कालो (kālo), काव (kāw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumaoni: कालो (kālo), काव (kāw)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "कालो"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: कालो (kālo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: कालो (kālo)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bhd",
"2": "काओ"
},
"expansion": "Bhadrawahi: काओ (kāo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bhadrawahi: काओ (kāo)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jns",
"2": "कावो"
},
"expansion": "Jaunsari: कावो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jaunsari: कावो"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-pai"
},
"expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Paisaci Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-tak"
},
"expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takka Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lah",
"2": "کالا",
"tr": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Lahnda: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lahnda: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: kālā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: kālā"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کالا",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-vra"
},
"expansion": "Vracada Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vracada Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāro"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: kāro",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: kāro"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ਼ਾ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ (kāḷā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ਼ਾ (kāḷā)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کالا",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "kālā"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کالا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-hel",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Helu Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dv",
"2": "ކަޅު"
},
"expansion": "Dhivehi: ކަޅު (kaḷu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dhivehi: ކަޅު (kaḷu)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කළු",
"3": "කැලි"
},
"expansion": "Sinhalese: කළු (kaḷu), කැලි (kæli)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sinhalese: කළු (kaḷu), කැලි (kæli)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "",
"alt1": "kāḷễ",
"alt2": "kāḷo"
},
"expansion": "Konkani: kāḷễ, kāḷo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Konkani: kāḷễ, kāḷo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "काळें",
"3": "काळो",
"sclb": "1",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: काळें, काळो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: काळें, काळो"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "ಕಾಳೆಂ",
"3": "ಕಾಳೊ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳೆಂ, ಕಾಳೊ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳೆಂ, ಕಾಳೊ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "kallem",
"3": "kallo",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kallem, kallo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kallem, kallo"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "काळा"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: काळा (kāḷā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: काळा (kāḷā)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળું",
"3": "કાળિયું"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ), કાળિયું (kāḷiyũ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળું (kāḷũ), કાળિયું (kāḷiyũ)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mrw",
"2": "काळो"
},
"expansion": "Maranao: काळो",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maranao: काळो"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ī-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "काली",
"roman": "kālī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालि",
"roman": "kāli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यः",
"roman": "kālyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः1",
"roman": "kālīḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीम्",
"roman": "kālīm",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यौ",
"roman": "kālyau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काली1",
"roman": "kālī1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीः",
"roman": "kālīḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्या",
"roman": "kālyā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभिः",
"roman": "kālībhiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्यै",
"roman": "kālyai",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālībhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीभ्यः",
"roman": "kālībhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याः",
"roman": "kālyāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीनाम्",
"roman": "kālīnām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्याम्",
"roman": "kālyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काल्योः",
"roman": "kālyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालीषु",
"roman": "kālīṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-adj-mfn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem",
"name": "sa-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"2": "kālī",
"3": "kāla"
},
"name": "sa-decl-adj-mfn"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kālī",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"r_stem_a": "ā",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kāla",
"abl_d": "",
"abl_p": "",
"abl_s": "",
"acc_d": "",
"acc_p": "",
"acc_s": "",
"ambig_final": "",
"dat_d": "",
"dat_p": "",
"dat_s": "",
"diaspirate": "",
"gen_d": "",
"gen_p": "",
"gen_s": "",
"ins_d": "",
"ins_p": "",
"ins_s": "",
"loc_d": "",
"loc_p": "",
"loc_s": "",
"nocat": "1",
"nom_d": "",
"nom_p": "",
"nom_s": "",
"novedic": "",
"participle": "",
"sc": "Deva",
"voc_d": "",
"voc_p": "",
"voc_s": ""
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Balkan Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Baltic Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Kalo Finnish Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Requests for native script for Jadgali terms",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kālaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "śveta",
"word": "श्वेत"
},
{
"roman": "śyāma",
"word": "श्याम"
},
{
"roman": "kṛṣṇa",
"word": "कृष्ण"
},
{
"roman": "rohita",
"word": "रोहित"
},
{
"roman": "kadru",
"word": "कद्रु"
},
{
"roman": "piśaṅga",
"word": "पिशङ्ग"
},
{
"roman": "piṅgala",
"word": "पिङ्गल"
},
{
"roman": "piṅga",
"word": "पिङ्ग"
},
{
"roman": "pāṇḍu",
"word": "पाण्डु"
},
{
"roman": "harit",
"word": "हरित्"
},
{
"roman": "nīla",
"word": "नील"
},
{
"roman": "nīlalohita",
"word": "नीललोहित"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black, dark blue colour"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
],
[
"blue",
"blue"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pupil (dark part of the eye)"
],
"links": [
[
"pupil",
"pupil"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Balkan Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Baltic Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Kalo Finnish Romani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Requests for native script for Jadgali terms",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit adjectives",
"Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit neuter nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms borrowed from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Dravidian languages",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Dravidian",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "loanword",
"2": "Borrowed"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Dravidian",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dravidian",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "dra-pro",
"3": "*kār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Dravidian *kār",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கார்",
"3": "",
"4": "black"
},
"expansion": "Tamil கார் (kār, “black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "கரு"
},
"expansion": "கரு (karu)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಾಡು",
"3": "",
"4": "blackness, black"
},
"expansion": "Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kn",
"2": "ಕಪ್ಪು"
},
"expansion": "ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *kār; compare Tamil கார் (kār, “black”), கரு (karu), Kannada ಕಾಡು (kāḍu, “blackness, black”), ಕಪ್ಪು (kappu).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kāla",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kāla",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानि",
"roman": "kālāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kālena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kāle",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kālayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kāla) stem, n",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-n"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (genus)"
],
"glosses": [
"a black kind of agarwood from Agallochum (now Aquilaria)"
],
"links": [
[
"agarwood",
"agarwood"
],
[
"Aquilaria",
"Aquilaria#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a kind of perfume (कक्कोलक (kakkolaka))"
],
"links": [
[
"perfume",
"perfume"
],
[
"कक्कोलक",
"कक्कोलक#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indus Kohistani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Northwest Pashayi terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Requests for native script for Jadgali terms",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Sanskrit terms with unknown etymologies",
"Sanskrit vrddhi derivatives",
"sa:Colors",
"sa:Death",
"sa:Face",
"sa:Hindu deities",
"sa:Metals",
"sa:Time",
"sa:Timekeeping",
"sa:Units of measure",
"sa:Woods"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Dardic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dml",
"2": "kâl"
},
"expansion": "Dameli: kâl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dameli: kâl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mvy",
"2": "kāla",
"3": "kalaĩ"
},
"expansion": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indus Kohistani: kāla, kalaĩ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gwc",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Kalami: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalami: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kls",
"2": "kau",
"3": "kālūna"
},
"expansion": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kalasha: kau, kālūna"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "کَال"
},
"expansion": "Kashmiri: کَال",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashmiri: کَال"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khw",
"2": "کل",
"tr": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Khowar: کل (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khowar: کل (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Pashayi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aee",
"2": "kōl"
},
"expansion": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northeast Pashayi: kōl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glh",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northwest Pashayi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scl",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shina: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shina: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sts",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Shumashti: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shumashti: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tra",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Tirahi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tirahi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trw",
"2": "کال",
"tr": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Torwali: کال (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Torwali: کال (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wsv",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wotapuri-Katarqalai: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: kal"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "awat-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Ashkun: awat-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "awte-kāl",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kamkata-viri: awte-kāl"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "wūt-kal",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Prasuni: wūt-kal"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pi",
"2": "kāla"
},
"expansion": "Pali: kāla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pali: kāla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "កាល",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Khmer: កាល (kaal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ash",
"2": "𑀓𑀮",
"3": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀓𑀮 (kala), 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pra",
"2": "𑀓𑀸𑀮"
},
"expansion": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prakrit: 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "kal"
},
"expansion": "Romani: kal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romani: kal"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindustani: kāl, kālā"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "काल",
"3": "काला",
"tr1": "-",
"tr2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Hindi: काल, काला",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Hindi: काल, काला"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ur",
"2": "کَال",
"3": "کَالَا"
},
"expansion": "Urdu: کَال (kāl), کَالَا (kālā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Urdu: کَال (kāl), کَالَا (kālā)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mai",
"2": "काल",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maithili: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maithili: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mag",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Magadhi Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Magadhi Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "as",
"2": "কাল"
},
"expansion": "Assamese: কাল (kal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Assamese: কাল (kal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bn",
"2": "কাল"
},
"expansion": "Bengali: কাল (kal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bengali: কাল (kal)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ccp",
"2": "𑄇𑄣𑄴"
},
"expansion": "Chakma: 𑄇𑄣𑄴 (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chakma: 𑄇𑄣𑄴 (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "or",
"2": "କାଳ"
},
"expansion": "Odia: କାଳ (kaḷô)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Odia: କାଳ (kaḷô)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-kha"
},
"expansion": "Khasa Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasa Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbm",
"2": "काळ"
},
"expansion": "Garhwali: काळ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Garhwali: काळ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kfy",
"2": "काल",
"3": "काव",
"4": "कार",
"tr1": "kāl",
"tr2": "kāw",
"tr3": "kār"
},
"expansion": "Kumaoni: काल (kāl), काव (kāw), कार (kār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumaoni: काल (kāl), काव (kāw), कार (kār)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ne",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Nepali: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nepali: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western Pahari:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pgg",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "Pangwali: काल (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pangwali: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-pai"
},
"expansion": "Paisaci Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Paisaci Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-tak"
},
"expansion": "Takka Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Takka Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāl"
},
"expansion": "Punjabi: kāl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Punjabi: kāl"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਕਾਲ",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਲ"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "کَال",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: کَال",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: کَال"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-vra"
},
"expansion": "Vracada Apabhramsa:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vracada Apabhramsa:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "",
"alt": "kālu"
},
"expansion": "Sindhi: kālu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sindhi: kālu"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "ڪَالُ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: ڪَالُ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: ڪَالُ"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sd",
"2": "कालु",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: कालु",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: कालु"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-hel",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Helu Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Helu Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "si",
"2": "කල"
},
"expansion": "Sinhalese: කල (kala)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sinhalese: කල (kala)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-mah",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Maharastri Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maharastri Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "",
"alt": "kāḷu"
},
"expansion": "Konkani: kāḷu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Konkani: kāḷu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "काळु",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Devanagari script: काळु",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Devanagari script: काळु"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "ಕಾಳು",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳು",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kannada script: ಕಾಳು"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kok",
"2": "kallu",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: kallu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: kallu"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mr",
"2": "काळ"
},
"expansion": "Marathi: काळ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Marathi: काळ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Western:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pra-sau"
},
"expansion": "Sauraseni Prakrit:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sauraseni Prakrit:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-ogu"
},
"expansion": "Old Gujarati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Gujarati:"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gu",
"2": "કાળ"
},
"expansion": "Gujarati: કાળ (kāḷ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gujarati: કાળ (kāḷ)"
},
{
"depth": 6,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mwr",
"2": "काल"
},
"expansion": "काल (kāl)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Old Marwari: काल (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "jv",
"2": "ꦏꦭ / kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Javanese: ꦏꦭ / kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "kala",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: kala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "kala"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: kala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: kala"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ta",
"2": "காலம்",
"3": "கால்",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tamil: காலம் (kālam), கால் (kāl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ml",
"2": "കാലം",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malayalam: കാലം (kālaṁ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "uncertain"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कार",
"t": "action"
},
"expansion": "कार (kāra, “action”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kʷel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to move; to turn (around)"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*vermę̀",
"t": "period of time"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰",
"t": "a while",
"tr": "ƕeila"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "καιρός",
"t": "measure, time, season"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"3": "काल"
},
"expansion": "काल (kāla)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "",
"3": "कार"
},
"expansion": "कार (kāra)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "vṛddhi derivative",
"name": "vrd"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "कल्",
"3": "",
"4": "to calculate or enumerate"
},
"expansion": "कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of uncertain origin.\nPerhaps an l-form of कार (kāra, “action”), taking \"decisive action\" as the connotation.\nAlternatively, derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”); compare Proto-Slavic *vermę̀ (“period of time”) for a parallel semantic development from an earlier \"turn\" meaning (albeit from a different root).\nHirt compares this to Gothic 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐌻𐌰 (ƕeila, “a while”), while Güntert compares this to Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “measure, time, season”), and takes the l-consonant in काल (kāla) as a preservation of a dialectal form in order to distinguish from कार (kāra).\nProbably not a vṛddhi derivative of the root कल् (kal, “to calculate or enumerate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kālá",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "कालः",
"roman": "kāláḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kālā́ḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kālā́saḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काल",
"roman": "kā́la",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kā́lau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kā́lā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाः",
"roman": "kā́lāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालासः1",
"roman": "kā́lāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालम्",
"roman": "kālám",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालौ",
"roman": "kālaú",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "काला1",
"roman": "kālā́1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालान्",
"roman": "kālā́n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेन",
"roman": "kāléna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "कालैः",
"roman": "kālaíḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभिः1",
"roman": "kālébhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाय",
"roman": "kālā́ya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालात्",
"roman": "kālā́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालाभ्याम्",
"roman": "kālā́bhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेभ्यः",
"roman": "kālébhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "कालस्य",
"roman": "kālásya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "कालानाम्",
"roman": "kālā́nām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "काले",
"roman": "kālé",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "कालयोः",
"roman": "kāláyoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "कालेषु",
"roman": "kāléṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"tr": "kālá"
},
"expansion": "काल • (kālá) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kālá"
},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a fixed or right point of time, a space of time, time (in general)"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sanskrit terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Having driven away the assailant, he triumphs; at the time of battle he selects his antagonist as does a gambler. The man who, desirous of gratifying the gods, withholds not his riches, him the powerful Indra associates with wealth.",
"ref": "c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.42.9",
"roman": "yó devákāmo ná dhánā ruṇaddhi sámíttáṃ rāyā́ sṛjati svadhā́vān.",
"text": "उ॒त प्र॒हाम॑ति॒दीव्या॑ जयाति कृ॒तं यच्छ्व॒घ्नी वि॑चि॒नोति॑ का॒ले।\nयो दे॒वका॑मो॒ न धना॑ रुणद्धि॒ समित्तं रा॒या सृ॑जति स्व॒धावा॑न्॥\nutá prahā́matidī́vyā jayāti kṛtáṃ yácchvaghnī́ vicinóti kālé."
}
],
"glosses": [
"the proper time or season for (+genitive, dative, locative, in compound, infinitive, or subjunctive with यद् (yad)"
],
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
],
[
"यद्",
"यद्#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"occasion, circumstance"
],
"links": [
[
"occasion",
"occasion"
],
[
"circumstance",
"circumstance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"season"
],
"links": [
[
"season",
"season"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hour"
],
"links": [
[
"hour",
"hour"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a period of time, time of the world (युग (yuga))"
],
"links": [
[
"युग",
"युग#Sanskrit"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"measure of time, prosody"
],
"links": [
[
"prosody",
"prosody"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a section, part"
],
"links": [
[
"section",
"section"
],
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the end"
],
"links": [
[
"end",
"end"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"death by age"
],
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"time (as leading to events, the causes of which are imperceptible to the mind of man), destiny, fate"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"destiny",
"destiny"
],
[
"fate",
"fate"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Sanskrit terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am mighty time, the source of destruction that comes forth to annhilate the worlds.\nEven without your participation, the warriors arrayed in the opposing army shall cease to exist.",
"ref": "c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter 11.32",
"roman": "ṛteʼpi tvāṃ na bhaviṣyanti sarve yeʼvasthitāḥ pratyanīkeṣu yodhāḥ",
"text": "कालोऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत्प्रवृद्धो लोकान्समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः।\nऋतेऽपि त्वां न भविष्यन्ति सर्वे येऽवस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः\nkāloʼsmi lokakṣayakṛtpravṛddho lokānsamāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ."
}
],
"glosses": [
"time (as destroying all things), death, time of death (often personified and represented with the attributes of Yama, regent of the dead, or even identified with him"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
],
[
"death",
"death"
],
[
"Yama",
"Yama"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Kāla, personified is also a देवर्षि (devarṣi) in Indra's court, and a son of Dhruva"
],
"links": [
[
"देवर्षि",
"देवर्षि#Sanskrit"
],
[
"Indra",
"Indra"
],
[
"Dhruva",
"Dhruva"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑː.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑː.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
}
],
"word": "काल"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Sanskrit dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.