See down in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"form": "down",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "downach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "downie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "downi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "downy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "down m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"down"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"down"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"nomp": "downi/downy (deprecative)"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Downie (person with Down syndrome)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"Downie",
"Downie"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) Downie (person with Down syndrome)"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dip, dumbhead, dumb cluck, dummkopf, hammerhead, ignorant (stupid person)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dip",
"dip"
],
[
"dumbhead",
"dumbhead"
],
[
"dumb cluck",
"dumb cluck"
],
[
"dummkopf",
"dummkopf"
],
[
"hammerhead",
"hammerhead"
],
[
"ignorant",
"ignorant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) dip, dumbhead, dumb cluck, dummkopf, hammerhead, ignorant (stupid person)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bałwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "baran"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barania głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barani łeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózgowiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bęcwał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemniak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemnota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cymbał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwierćinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "debil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "down"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dudek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dureń"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dzwoniec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głąb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupol"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptasek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "idiota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "imbecyl"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "jełop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kapuściana głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kiep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kretyn"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kurzy móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matoł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młot"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młotek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "osioł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pacan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pajac"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "palant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pojeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłówek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "przygłup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ptasi móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuczek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłumok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "trep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tuman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuta pała"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuty łeb"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdawn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awn"
}
],
"word": "down"
}
Download raw JSONL data for down meaning in Polish (10.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.