See する in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for する meaning in Japanese (22.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "す",
"3": "",
"4": "to do",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "す (su, “to do”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "すん",
"tr": "sun"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan すん (sun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "終止形",
"3": "",
"4": "terminal or sentence-ending form",
"tr": "shūshikei"
},
"expansion": "終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese root verb す (su, “to do”). Cognate with Okinawan すん (sun).\nAs with all verbs, during the Middle Japanese stage in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”) was gradually lost as the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) came to be used for both the attributive and terminal grammatical roles, realigning the conjugations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "し",
"roman": "shi",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"roman": "shita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "さ・し・せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sa shi se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "both",
"type": "suru"
},
"expansion": "する • (suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem し (shi), past した (shita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "su",
"word": "す"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 7 1 6 1 8 5 1 5 1 1 7 11 2 5 8 9 9 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 2 7 2 8 10 1 5 2 4 10 13 3 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 1 6 1 7 6 1 5 1 1 8 12 2 5 9 8 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lightning occurred.",
"roman": "inabikari ga suru",
"ruby": [
[
"稲",
"いな"
],
[
"光",
"びかり"
]
],
"text": "稲光がする"
},
{
"english": "There is a smell.",
"roman": "nioi ga suru",
"text": "においがする",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist; to come up (of inanimate objects)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-w0k5QW6B",
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"come up",
"come up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to exist; to come up (of inanimate objects)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a rigid structure",
"roman": "gasshiri shita honegumi",
"ruby": [
[
"骨",
"ほね"
],
[
"組",
"ぐ"
]
],
"text": "がっしりした骨組み"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist (in someone or something) (of a specified state; of a specified quality)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-qIaSKoap",
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to exist (in someone or something) (of a specified state; of a specified quality)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a painting worth 500 million yen",
"roman": "gooku en mo suru e",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"億",
"おく"
],
[
"円",
"えん"
],
[
"絵",
"え"
]
],
"text": "五億円もする絵"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be worth; to have the value of"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-FDGk7F-l",
"links": [
[
"worth",
"worth"
],
[
"value",
"value"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to be worth; to have the value of"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It will be forgotten after one year.",
"roman": "ichinen mo sureba wasureru darō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"忘",
"わす"
]
],
"text": "一年もすれば忘れるだろう"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass; to elapse (of time)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-GXf3zNLF",
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"elapse",
"elapse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to pass; to elapse (of time)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are you doing?",
"roman": "Nani o shite imasu ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "何をしていますか。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do; to perform an action"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-fjkB19br",
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to do; to perform an action"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "itasu",
"ruby": [
[
"致",
"いた"
]
],
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"humble"
],
"word": "致す"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "yaru",
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "やる"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "usage is more limited",
"roman": "nasu",
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "なす"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to carry out",
"roman": "okonau",
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"おこな"
]
],
"sense": "to do",
"word": "行う"
}
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am the anchorman.",
"roman": "watashi ga shikai o suru",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"司",
"し"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
]
],
"text": "私が司会をする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act as; to play a role of"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-5lKlKnR5",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"role",
"role"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to act as; to play a role of"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 2 7 2 8 10 1 5 2 4 10 13 3 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Usually \"A を B に / と + する \", to make A become B."
},
{
"english": "He is training his son to become a teacher.",
"roman": "musuko o sensei ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"息",
"むす"
],
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"先",
"せん"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
]
],
"text": "息子を先生にする"
},
{
"english": "please don't leave me alone",
"roman": "hitori ni shinaide",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"ひと"
],
[
"人",
"り"
]
],
"text": "一人にしないで"
},
{
"english": "to clean up one's room",
"roman": "heya o kirei ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"部",
"へ"
],
[
"屋",
"や"
],
[
"綺",
"き"
],
[
"麗",
"れい"
]
],
"text": "部屋を綺麗にする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to render; to make become (used as the suppletive causative form of なる (naru))"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-pdZaeYC6",
"links": [
[
"render",
"render"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"なる",
"なる#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to render; to make become (used as the suppletive causative form of なる (naru))"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "10 4 4 8 2 4 21 0 3 11 7 5 7 8 2 5",
"roman": "-ru",
"sense": "used to make a verb",
"word": "〜る"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 4 4 8 2 4 21 0 3 11 7 5 7 8 2 5",
"sense": "used to make a verb",
"word": "a much less productive suffix for turning a noun into a verb"
}
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to have an intimidating glare",
"roman": "kowai metsuki o suru",
"ruby": [
[
"怖",
"こわ"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"text": "怖い目つきをする"
},
{
"english": "Be a good boy.",
"roman": "ī ko ni shinasai ne",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "いい子にしなさいね"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"qualifier": "to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality; to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality) to be"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I wear a necktie.",
"roman": "Nekutai o suru.",
"text": "ネクタイをする。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wear (accessories)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-gr0cg8NY",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to wear (accessories)"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Alright, let's go with that.",
"roman": "mā, kore de yoshi to shiyō",
"text": "まあ、これでよしとしよう",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I decided to quit the competition.",
"roman": "shutsujō o toriyame ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"出",
"しゅつ"
],
[
"場",
"じょう"
],
[
"取",
"と"
]
],
"text": "出場を取りやめにする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to decide; to choose or to make a judgment"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-hqlvsr9R",
"links": [
[
"decide",
"decide"
],
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to decide; to choose or to make a judgment"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to do it; to have sex"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-sEs8OZRp",
"links": [
[
"do it",
"do it"
],
[
"have sex",
"have sex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(informal) to do it; to have sex"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "性交する"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 2 7 2 8 10 1 5 2 4 10 13 3 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 1 6 1 7 15 1 4 1 1 20 12 2 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 3 3 4 5 3 3 4 4 9 10 7 5 8 5 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"気",
"き"
],
[
"持",
"も"
]
],
"text": "いらいら (iraira, “(adverb) irritated”) - いらいらする気持ち (iraira suru kimochi, “feeling of irritation”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Adverb + する\", forming predicates or attributives from adverbs."
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-NSwhMQEj",
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Adverb + する\", forming predicates or attributives from adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 7 1 6 1 8 5 1 5 1 1 7 11 2 5 8 9 9 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 7 2 7 2 8 10 1 5 2 4 10 13 3 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 1 6 1 7 6 1 5 1 1 8 12 2 5 9 8 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 8 1 7 1 8 6 1 5 1 3 10 16 2 6 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 7 1 7 1 7 5 1 4 1 1 7 13 2 5 10 7 8 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 3 3 4 5 3 3 4 4 9 10 7 5 8 5 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It did snow, but the snow did not pile up.",
"roman": "yuki wa furi wa shita ga tsumoranakatta",
"ruby": [
[
"雪",
"ゆき"
],
[
"降",
"ふ"
],
[
"積",
"つ"
]
],
"text": "雪は降りはしたが積もらなかった"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Verbal noun + emphatic particle (e.g. は, も, こそ, さえ) + する \", emphasizing the verb."
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-Z9tKFOqB",
"links": [
[
"は",
"は#Japanese"
],
[
"も",
"も#Japanese"
],
[
"こそ",
"こそ#Japanese"
],
[
"さえ",
"さえ#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Verbal noun + emphatic particle (e.g. は, も, こそ, さえ) + する \", emphasizing the verb."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The sun is about to set.",
"roman": "hi ga shizumō to shite iru",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"ひ"
],
[
"沈",
"しず"
]
],
"text": "日が沈もうとしている"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Volitional form of verb + と + する\": to be about to; to incline to"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-mB~yctDm",
"links": [
[
"と",
"と#Japanese"
],
[
"about to",
"about to"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Volitional form of verb + と + する\": to be about to; to incline to"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is of a considerably good quality as for a practice writing.",
"roman": "shūsaku to sureba jōjō no deki da",
"ruby": [
[
"習",
"しゅう"
],
[
"作",
"さく"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"々",
"じょう"
],
[
"出",
"で"
],
[
"来",
"き"
]
],
"text": "習作とすれば上々の出来だ"
},
{
"english": "It's inevitable to worry about that if you were the parent.",
"roman": "oya to shite wa shinpai suru no wa tōzen da",
"ruby": [
[
"親",
"おや"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"配",
"ぱい"
],
[
"当",
"とう"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"text": "親としては心配するのは当然だ"
},
{
"english": "It would never have been done in time no matter how hard we had worked.",
"roman": "donna ni isoida ni shite mo ma ni awanakatta darō",
"ruby": [
[
"急",
"いそ"
],
[
"間",
"ま"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "どんなに急いだにしても間に合わなかっただろう"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"に / と + する\", to give a condition or standpoint, either real or hypothetical: if / since; assuming that / now that"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-Mj~0quuC",
"links": [
[
"に",
"に#Japanese"
],
[
"と",
"と#Japanese"
],
[
"if",
"if"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"assuming",
"assume"
],
[
"now that",
"now that"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"に / と + する\", to give a condition or standpoint, either real or hypothetical: if / since; assuming that / now that"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "なる"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 3 3 4 5 3 3 4 4 9 10 7 5 8 5 6 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"届",
"とど"
],
[
"届",
"とど"
]
],
"text": "届ける (todokeru, “to deliver”) — お届けします (o-todoke shimasu, “to deliver”, humble)"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"とも"
],
[
"伴",
"とも"
]
],
"text": "伴 (tomo, “company”) — お伴します (o-tomo shimasu, “to accompany”, humble)"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"案",
"あん"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"案",
"あん"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
]
],
"text": "案内する (annai suru, “to guide”) — ご案内します (go-annai shimasu, “to guide”, humble)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"御(お)/御(ご) + verbal noun + する\", a humble form of the verb."
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-L7v-O5tW",
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"御(お)",
"御#Japanese"
],
[
"御(ご)",
"御#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"(humble) \"御(お)/御(ご) + verbal noun + する\", a humble form of the verb."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "致す"
}
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"humble",
"suru"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "する"
},
{
"note": "Mishima",
"other": "[súꜜrù]"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mishima Island, Yamaguchi",
"Tokyo dialect"
],
"word": "する"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Reading for various kanji spellings.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "する • (suru)",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"刷る, 摺る: to print something (from the way the paper would be placed on the printing block and rubbed)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-fJCnlELC",
"links": [
[
"刷る",
"刷る#Japanese"
],
[
"摺る",
"摺る#Japanese"
],
[
"print",
"print"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"掏る: to pick someone's pocket (possibly from the way a pickpocket must slide along unnoticed; compare English slick)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-3BujMcYz",
"links": [
[
"掏る",
"掏る#Japanese"
],
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"Tōkyō",
"w:Tōkyō"
],
[
"Shogakukan",
"w:Shogakukan"
],
[
"slick",
"slick#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"擦る, 摩る, 磨る, 擂る: to slide, to rub, to chafe, to strike (as in a match, by rubbing); to lose or waste money"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-BN8PsEsd",
"links": [
[
"擦る",
"擦る#Japanese"
],
[
"摩る",
"摩る#Japanese"
],
[
"磨る",
"磨る#Japanese"
],
[
"擂る",
"擂る#Japanese"
],
[
"slide",
"slide"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"chafe",
"chafe"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"剃る: irregular reading for 剃る (soru, “to shave”)"
],
"id": "en-する-ja-verb-q-epHUTw",
"links": [
[
"剃る",
"剃る#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
}
],
"word": "する"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with manual fragments",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suppletive verbs",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese transitive verbs",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "す",
"3": "",
"4": "to do",
"tr": "su"
},
"expansion": "す (su, “to do”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ryu",
"2": "すん",
"tr": "sun"
},
"expansion": "Okinawan すん (sun)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "終止形",
"3": "",
"4": "terminal or sentence-ending form",
"tr": "shūshikei"
},
"expansion": "終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連体形",
"3": "",
"4": "attributive form",
"tr": "rentaikei"
},
"expansion": "連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese root verb す (su, “to do”). Cognate with Okinawan すん (sun).\nAs with all verbs, during the Middle Japanese stage in the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the 終止形 (shūshikei, “terminal or sentence-ending form”) was gradually lost as the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) came to be used for both the attributive and terminal grammatical roles, realigning the conjugations.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "し",
"roman": "shi",
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"roman": "shita",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-verbconj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "さ・し・せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sa shi se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-conj-bungo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "せ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "se",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"irrealis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "si",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "す",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "su",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"realis",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "すれど",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "suredo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"contrastive"
]
},
{
"form": "すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "せば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "seba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しき",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "siki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しけり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sikeri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しつ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "situ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "しぬ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sinu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "したり",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "seri",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "sitari",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "せむ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "semu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tr": "both",
"type": "suru"
},
"expansion": "する • (suru) transitive or intransitive suru (stem し (shi), past した (shita))",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "irreg-s"
},
"name": "ja-conj-bungo"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "su",
"word": "す"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Lightning occurred.",
"roman": "inabikari ga suru",
"ruby": [
[
"稲",
"いな"
],
[
"光",
"びかり"
]
],
"text": "稲光がする"
},
{
"english": "There is a smell.",
"roman": "nioi ga suru",
"text": "においがする",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist; to come up (of inanimate objects)"
],
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
],
[
"come up",
"come up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to exist; to come up (of inanimate objects)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a rigid structure",
"roman": "gasshiri shita honegumi",
"ruby": [
[
"骨",
"ほね"
],
[
"組",
"ぐ"
]
],
"text": "がっしりした骨組み"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to exist (in someone or something) (of a specified state; of a specified quality)"
],
"links": [
[
"exist",
"exist"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to exist (in someone or something) (of a specified state; of a specified quality)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "a painting worth 500 million yen",
"roman": "gooku en mo suru e",
"ruby": [
[
"五",
"ご"
],
[
"億",
"おく"
],
[
"円",
"えん"
],
[
"絵",
"え"
]
],
"text": "五億円もする絵"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be worth; to have the value of"
],
"links": [
[
"worth",
"worth"
],
[
"value",
"value"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to be worth; to have the value of"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It will be forgotten after one year.",
"roman": "ichinen mo sureba wasureru darō",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"いち"
],
[
"年",
"ねん"
],
[
"忘",
"わす"
]
],
"text": "一年もすれば忘れるだろう"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to pass; to elapse (of time)"
],
"links": [
[
"pass",
"pass"
],
[
"elapse",
"elapse"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive)",
"to pass; to elapse (of time)"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "What are you doing?",
"roman": "Nani o shite imasu ka.",
"ruby": [
[
"何",
"なに"
]
],
"text": "何をしていますか。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to do; to perform an action"
],
"links": [
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"perform",
"perform"
],
[
"action",
"action"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to do; to perform an action"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I am the anchorman.",
"roman": "watashi ga shikai o suru",
"ruby": [
[
"私",
"わたし"
],
[
"司",
"し"
],
[
"会",
"かい"
]
],
"text": "私が司会をする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to act as; to play a role of"
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act"
],
[
"role",
"role"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to act as; to play a role of"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Usually \"A を B に / と + する \", to make A become B."
},
{
"english": "He is training his son to become a teacher.",
"roman": "musuko o sensei ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"息",
"むす"
],
[
"子",
"こ"
],
[
"先",
"せん"
],
[
"生",
"せい"
]
],
"text": "息子を先生にする"
},
{
"english": "please don't leave me alone",
"roman": "hitori ni shinaide",
"ruby": [
[
"一",
"ひと"
],
[
"人",
"り"
]
],
"text": "一人にしないで"
},
{
"english": "to clean up one's room",
"roman": "heya o kirei ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"部",
"へ"
],
[
"屋",
"や"
],
[
"綺",
"き"
],
[
"麗",
"れい"
]
],
"text": "部屋を綺麗にする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to render; to make become (used as the suppletive causative form of なる (naru))"
],
"links": [
[
"render",
"render"
],
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"なる",
"なる#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to render; to make become (used as the suppletive causative form of なる (naru))"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to have an intimidating glare",
"roman": "kowai metsuki o suru",
"ruby": [
[
"怖",
"こわ"
],
[
"目",
"め"
]
],
"text": "怖い目つきをする"
},
{
"english": "Be a good boy.",
"roman": "ī ko ni shinasai ne",
"ruby": [
[
"子",
"こ"
]
],
"text": "いい子にしなさいね"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"qualifier": "to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality; to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality",
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(to be in a specified state; to have a specified quality) to be"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I wear a necktie.",
"roman": "Nekutai o suru.",
"text": "ネクタイをする。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to wear (accessories)"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to wear (accessories)"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Alright, let's go with that.",
"roman": "mā, kore de yoshi to shiyō",
"text": "まあ、これでよしとしよう",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I decided to quit the competition.",
"roman": "shutsujō o toriyame ni suru",
"ruby": [
[
"出",
"しゅつ"
],
[
"場",
"じょう"
],
[
"取",
"と"
]
],
"text": "出場を取りやめにする"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to decide; to choose or to make a judgment"
],
"links": [
[
"decide",
"decide"
],
[
"choose",
"choose"
],
[
"judgment",
"judgment"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"to decide; to choose or to make a judgment"
],
"tags": [
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese informal terms",
"Japanese transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to do it; to have sex"
],
"links": [
[
"do it",
"do it"
],
[
"have sex",
"have sex"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive)",
"(informal) to do it; to have sex"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "性交する"
}
],
"tags": [
"informal",
"suru",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese auxiliary verbs",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"気",
"き"
],
[
"持",
"も"
]
],
"text": "いらいら (iraira, “(adverb) irritated”) - いらいらする気持ち (iraira suru kimochi, “feeling of irritation”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Adverb + する\", forming predicates or attributives from adverbs."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Adverb + する\", forming predicates or attributives from adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese auxiliary verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It did snow, but the snow did not pile up.",
"roman": "yuki wa furi wa shita ga tsumoranakatta",
"ruby": [
[
"雪",
"ゆき"
],
[
"降",
"ふ"
],
[
"積",
"つ"
]
],
"text": "雪は降りはしたが積もらなかった"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Verbal noun + emphatic particle (e.g. は, も, こそ, さえ) + する \", emphasizing the verb."
],
"links": [
[
"は",
"は#Japanese"
],
[
"も",
"も#Japanese"
],
[
"こそ",
"こそ#Japanese"
],
[
"さえ",
"さえ#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Verbal noun + emphatic particle (e.g. は, も, こそ, さえ) + する \", emphasizing the verb."
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese auxiliary verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The sun is about to set.",
"roman": "hi ga shizumō to shite iru",
"ruby": [
[
"日",
"ひ"
],
[
"沈",
"しず"
]
],
"text": "日が沈もうとしている"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"Volitional form of verb + と + する\": to be about to; to incline to"
],
"links": [
[
"と",
"と#Japanese"
],
[
"about to",
"about to"
],
[
"incline",
"incline"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"Volitional form of verb + と + する\": to be about to; to incline to"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese auxiliary verbs",
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It is of a considerably good quality as for a practice writing.",
"roman": "shūsaku to sureba jōjō no deki da",
"ruby": [
[
"習",
"しゅう"
],
[
"作",
"さく"
],
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"々",
"じょう"
],
[
"出",
"で"
],
[
"来",
"き"
]
],
"text": "習作とすれば上々の出来だ"
},
{
"english": "It's inevitable to worry about that if you were the parent.",
"roman": "oya to shite wa shinpai suru no wa tōzen da",
"ruby": [
[
"親",
"おや"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"配",
"ぱい"
],
[
"当",
"とう"
],
[
"然",
"ぜん"
]
],
"text": "親としては心配するのは当然だ"
},
{
"english": "It would never have been done in time no matter how hard we had worked.",
"roman": "donna ni isoida ni shite mo ma ni awanakatta darō",
"ruby": [
[
"急",
"いそ"
],
[
"間",
"ま"
],
[
"合",
"あ"
]
],
"text": "どんなに急いだにしても間に合わなかっただろう"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"に / と + する\", to give a condition or standpoint, either real or hypothetical: if / since; assuming that / now that"
],
"links": [
[
"に",
"に#Japanese"
],
[
"と",
"と#Japanese"
],
[
"if",
"if"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"assuming",
"assume"
],
[
"now that",
"now that"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"\"に / と + する\", to give a condition or standpoint, either real or hypothetical: if / since; assuming that / now that"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"suru"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "なる"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese auxiliary verbs",
"Japanese humble terms",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ruby": [
[
"届",
"とど"
],
[
"届",
"とど"
]
],
"text": "届ける (todokeru, “to deliver”) — お届けします (o-todoke shimasu, “to deliver”, humble)"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"伴",
"とも"
],
[
"伴",
"とも"
]
],
"text": "伴 (tomo, “company”) — お伴します (o-tomo shimasu, “to accompany”, humble)"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"案",
"あん"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
],
[
"案",
"あん"
],
[
"内",
"ない"
]
],
"text": "案内する (annai suru, “to guide”) — ご案内します (go-annai shimasu, “to guide”, humble)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"\"御(お)/御(ご) + verbal noun + する\", a humble form of the verb."
],
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
],
[
"御(お)",
"御#Japanese"
],
[
"御(ご)",
"御#Japanese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(auxiliary)",
"(humble) \"御(お)/御(ご) + verbal noun + する\", a humble form of the verb."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "致す"
}
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary",
"humble",
"suru"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "する"
},
{
"note": "Mishima",
"other": "[súꜜrù]"
},
{
"ipa": "[sɨᵝɾɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "itasu",
"ruby": [
[
"致",
"いた"
]
],
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"humble"
],
"word": "致す"
},
{
"roman": "yaru",
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
],
"word": "やる"
},
{
"english": "usage is more limited",
"roman": "nasu",
"sense": "to do",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "なす"
},
{
"english": "to carry out",
"roman": "okonau",
"ruby": [
[
"行",
"おこな"
]
],
"sense": "to do",
"word": "行う"
},
{
"roman": "-ru",
"sense": "used to make a verb",
"word": "〜る"
},
{
"sense": "used to make a verb",
"word": "a much less productive suffix for turning a noun into a verb"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Mishima Island, Yamaguchi",
"Tokyo dialect"
],
"word": "する"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese hiragana",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese suppletive verbs",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Reading for various kanji spellings.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "する • (suru)",
"name": "ja-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"刷る, 摺る: to print something (from the way the paper would be placed on the printing block and rubbed)"
],
"links": [
[
"刷る",
"刷る#Japanese"
],
[
"摺る",
"摺る#Japanese"
],
[
"print",
"print"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"掏る: to pick someone's pocket (possibly from the way a pickpocket must slide along unnoticed; compare English slick)"
],
"links": [
[
"掏る",
"掏る#Japanese"
],
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"Tōkyō",
"w:Tōkyō"
],
[
"Shogakukan",
"w:Shogakukan"
],
[
"slick",
"slick#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"擦る, 摩る, 磨る, 擂る: to slide, to rub, to chafe, to strike (as in a match, by rubbing); to lose or waste money"
],
"links": [
[
"擦る",
"擦る#Japanese"
],
[
"摩る",
"摩る#Japanese"
],
[
"磨る",
"磨る#Japanese"
],
[
"擂る",
"擂る#Japanese"
],
[
"slide",
"slide"
],
[
"rub",
"rub"
],
[
"chafe",
"chafe"
],
[
"strike",
"strike"
],
[
"lose",
"lose"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"剃る: irregular reading for 剃る (soru, “to shave”)"
],
"links": [
[
"剃る",
"剃る#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"suru"
]
}
],
"word": "する"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"する"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "する",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Japanese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.