See tow in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "towio",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: towio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: towio"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "towen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English towen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ziehen"
},
"expansion": "German ziehen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tijgen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tijgen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse toga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.\nSee also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "towing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "towed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "towed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tow (third-person singular simple present tows, present participle towing, simple past and past participle towed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: draw, haul, pull"
},
{
"ref": "2022 September 7, “At the cutting edge of NR's track work”, in RAIL, number 965, page 40, photo caption:",
"text": "In its current specification it cannot be driven and must be towed to its work location by a locomotive.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull something behind one, such as by using a line, chain, or tongue."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-verb-oF0Xn4sv",
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull something behind one, such as by using a line, chain, or tongue."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "guyod"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuō",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "拖"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lā",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "拉"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vléci"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "táhnout"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "tracter"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"english": "vehicle",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "abordelar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "solear"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "toar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ziehen"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of a car",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "abschleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of a ship",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "treideln"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoulkó",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ρυμουλκώ"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "trainare"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkeulda",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "끌다"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "tō"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "taki"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "pārete"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "holować"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"raw_tags": [
"of a vehicle"
],
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "slaod"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vliecť"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ťahať"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "bogsera"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "yedekte çekmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cycling",
"orig": "en:Cycling",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Motor racing",
"orig": "en:Motor racing",
"parents": [
"Automotive",
"Sports",
"Transport",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 26 30 11 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To aid someone behind by shielding them from wind resistance."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-verb-TMzyW5Mc",
"links": [
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"motor racing",
"motor racing"
]
],
"qualifier": "running",
"raw_glosses": [
"(running, cycling, motor racing, etc.) To aid someone behind by shielding them from wind resistance."
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"motor-racing",
"racing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "toe"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "in tow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "on tow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "ski tow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow bar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow hitch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow iron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow ring"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow rope"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tow truck"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "under tow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "undertow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "towen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English towen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ziehen"
},
"expansion": "German ziehen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tijgen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tijgen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse toga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.\nSee also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tow (plural tows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It isn't the car's battery; I think I need a tow.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of towing and the condition of being towed."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-NcGFme2l",
"links": [
[
"towing",
"towing"
],
[
"towed",
"towed"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglene",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "теглене"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buksir",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буксир"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vlečení"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tažení"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odtažení"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remorquage"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of towing",
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Abschleppen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoúlkisi",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρυμούλκηση"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vilkšana"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vléčenje",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вле́чење"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "holowanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of towing",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksiróvka",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "буксиро́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 4 3 19 7",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, such as a tugboat, that tows."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-3711lvJ4",
"links": [
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "cs",
"english": "truck",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tahač"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "cs",
"english": "boat",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remorkér"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlepper"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoulkó",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ρυμουλκό"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vilcējs"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that tows",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that tows",
"word": "rebocador"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksír",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "букси́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjagáč",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тяга́ч"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"_dis1": "8 53 6 10 23",
"code": "es",
"english": "boat",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolcador"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, such as a barge, that is towed."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-XfkSGq8X",
"links": [
[
"barge",
"barge"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "24 2 52 3 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimorchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 2 52 3 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traino"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 2 52 3 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"_dis1": "24 2 52 3 18",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rope or cable used in towing."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-FldPe1pK",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buksirno vǎže",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "буксирно въже"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vlečné lano"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sleeptouw"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trekkabel"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "câble de remorquage"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corde de remorquage"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schlepptau"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tau"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Seil"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "virve"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hol"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksiróvočnyj tros",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буксиро́вочный трос"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cable"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 3 2 75 10",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cabo"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Motor racing",
"orig": "en:Motor racing",
"parents": [
"Automotive",
"Sports",
"Transport",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 6 15 7 34 8 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Asturian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 5 14 6 35 7 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 6 15 6 33 7 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cebuano translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 5 13 6 35 7 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 12 5 36 6 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 6 14 6 34 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 5 12 5 33 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 26 30 11 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 6 14 6 34 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 7 17 5 31 6 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 6 14 6 35 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 September 8, Andrew Benson, BBC Sport:",
"text": "On Saturday, Vettel was very unhappy with Leclerc's failure to work out a way through the traffic and give him a tow for the second runs in qualifying, as had been agreed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-8PhTgQFU",
"links": [
[
"motor racing",
"motor racing"
],
[
"speed",
"speed"
],
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"car",
"car"
],
[
"straight",
"straight"
],
[
"slipstream",
"slipstream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(motor racing) A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"motor-racing",
"racing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "toe"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow",
"tow (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "towy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "swingling tow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tow-colored"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tow-haired"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tow haired"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towhead"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "towheaded"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tow linen"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle English touw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "",
"4": "tow-",
"5": "spinning"
},
"expansion": "Old English tow- (“spinning”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tawwą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tawwą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tó",
"3": "",
"4": "uncleansed wool"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tó (“uncleansed wool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "touw",
"3": "",
"4": "rope"
},
"expansion": "Dutch touw (“rope”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tawian",
"3": "",
"4": "prepare for use"
},
"expansion": "Old English tawian (“prepare for use”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "do, make"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “do, make”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English touw, from Old English tow- (“spinning”) (in compounds, e.g. towcræft, towhūs, towlic), from Proto-Germanic *tawwą; compare Old Norse tó (“uncleansed wool”), Dutch touw (“rope”). Perhaps cognate with Old English tawian (“prepare for use”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “do, make”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "tow (countable and uncountable, plural tows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "taw"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 11 1 18 33 12 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 3 12 3 15 30 12 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English heteronyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 7 2 15 45 8 3 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 2 10 1 15 26 10 5 9 2 3 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 3 10 2 13 29 11 3 6 2 2 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 10 1 14 32 11 2 6 1 1 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 8 5 20 28 11 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 32 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Basque translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 31 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Breton translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 6 3 25 32 10 3 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 31 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Corsican translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 3 19 32 12 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 8 2 20 34 9 4 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 5 9 4 17 30 12 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 5 8 3 20 28 11 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 3 20 31 12 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 4 18 31 12 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 8 4 18 30 11 4 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 9 2 17 34 13 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 9 3 17 34 13 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 3 20 31 12 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 31 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 32 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 7 4 18 36 11 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 10 1 15 39 12 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 26 30 11 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 7 4 19 32 11 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 3 19 30 15 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 7 3 19 36 11 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 4 9 3 18 33 12 4 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 31 13 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 32 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 31 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 3 20 32 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 8 4 19 32 12 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 5 9 4 17 31 12 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 10 3 21 28 12 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with West Frisian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 7 2 21 38 8 4 9",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fibers",
"orig": "en:Fibers",
"parents": [
"Materials",
"Manufacturing",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 2 8 2 15 44 9 5 7",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Flax",
"orig": "en:Flax",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Malpighiales order plants",
"Applied sciences",
"Plants",
"Sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 1:31:",
"text": "And the strong shall be as towe, and the maker of it as a sparke, and they shall both burne together, and none shall quench them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An untwisted bundle of fibres such as cellulose acetate, flax, hemp or jute."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-sTWULEFZ",
"links": [
[
"untwisted",
"untwisted"
],
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre"
],
[
"flax",
"flax"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"jute",
"jute"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "iztupa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stoub"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kǎlčišta",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "кълчища"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stoppa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koudel"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "blår"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "werk"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hede"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étoupe"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "filasse"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tomento"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Werg"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hede"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stoupí",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στουπί"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "stuppeîon",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στυππεῖον"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "stupo"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capecchio"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tou",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "토우"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "pakulas"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "ngai"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "pūngahungahu"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stry"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stry"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "üstüpü",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "استوپی"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "pakuły"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estopa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "stupă"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páklja",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́кля"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kudélʹ",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "куде́ль"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ку̀чина"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kùčina"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stuppa"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kúdeľ"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "priadza"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drev"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "blånor"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "klóččja",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кло́ччя"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carth"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "breisgion"
},
{
"_dis1": "82 18",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "hjidde"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 6 4 26 30 11 4 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The short, coarse, less desirable fibres separated by hackling from the finer longer fibres (line)."
],
"id": "en-tow-en-noun-Ob1sj6hh",
"links": [
[
"hackling",
"hackle"
],
[
"line",
"line#Etymology_2"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) The short, coarse, less desirable fibres separated by hackling from the finer longer fibres (line)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tou",
"note": "rare, some parts of the UK and Australia"
},
{
"ipa": "/taʊ/",
"note": "rare, some parts of the UK and Australia"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hards"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "oakum"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow (disambiguation)",
"tow (fibre)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewh₂-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Corsican translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Fibers",
"en:Flax"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "towio",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Welsh: towio",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Welsh: towio"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "towen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English towen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ziehen"
},
"expansion": "German ziehen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tijgen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tijgen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse toga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.\nSee also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "towing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "towed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "towed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tow (third-person singular simple present tows, present participle towing, simple past and past participle towed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: draw, haul, pull"
},
{
"ref": "2022 September 7, “At the cutting edge of NR's track work”, in RAIL, number 965, page 40, photo caption:",
"text": "In its current specification it cannot be driven and must be towed to its work location by a locomotive.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To pull something behind one, such as by using a line, chain, or tongue."
],
"links": [
[
"pull",
"pull"
],
[
"line",
"line"
],
[
"chain",
"chain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To pull something behind one, such as by using a line, chain, or tongue."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cycling",
"en:Motor racing"
],
"glosses": [
"To aid someone behind by shielding them from wind resistance."
],
"links": [
[
"cycling",
"cycling#Noun"
],
[
"motor racing",
"motor racing"
]
],
"qualifier": "running",
"raw_glosses": [
"(running, cycling, motor racing, etc.) To aid someone behind by shielding them from wind resistance."
],
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"topics": [
"cycling",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"motor-racing",
"racing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "toe"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglja",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тегля"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "ceb",
"lang": "Cebuano",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "guyod"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuō",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "拖"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lā",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "拉"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vléci"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "táhnout"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "hinata"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "tracter"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"english": "vehicle",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remorquer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "abordelar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "solear"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "toar"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "halar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ziehen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "schleppen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of a car",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "abschleppen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"note": "of a ship",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "treideln"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoulkó",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ρυμουλκώ"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vontat"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "trainare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "rimorchiare"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "kkeulda",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "끌다"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "tō"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "taki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "pārete"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "yedmek",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "یدمك"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "holować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "rebocar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"raw_tags": [
"of a vehicle"
],
"roman": "buksírovatʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"tags": [
"usually"
],
"word": "букси́ровать"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjanútʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тяну́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "taščítʹ",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "тащи́ть"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "slaod"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "vliecť"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "ťahať"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "remolcar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "bogsera"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "pull something using a line",
"word": "yedekte çekmek"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewh₂-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewk-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ",
"Rhymes:English/əʊ/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cebuano translations",
"Terms with Corsican translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Fibers",
"en:Flax"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "in tow"
},
{
"word": "on tow"
},
{
"word": "ski tow"
},
{
"word": "tow bar"
},
{
"word": "tow hitch"
},
{
"word": "tow iron"
},
{
"word": "tow ring"
},
{
"word": "tow rope"
},
{
"word": "tow truck"
},
{
"word": "towy"
},
{
"word": "under tow"
},
{
"word": "undertow"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "towen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English towen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "togian"
},
"expansion": "Old English togian",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*togōn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *togōn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tugōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tugōną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dewk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "zogen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German zogen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ziehen"
},
"expansion": "German ziehen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "tijgen"
},
"expansion": "Dutch tijgen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse toga",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.\nSee also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tow (plural tows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It isn't the car's battery; I think I need a tow.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of towing and the condition of being towed."
],
"links": [
[
"towing",
"towing"
],
[
"towed",
"towed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, such as a tugboat, that tows."
],
"links": [
[
"tugboat",
"tugboat"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Something, such as a barge, that is towed."
],
"links": [
[
"barge",
"barge"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A rope or cable used in towing."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Motor racing"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2019 September 8, Andrew Benson, BBC Sport:",
"text": "On Saturday, Vettel was very unhappy with Leclerc's failure to work out a way through the traffic and give him a tow for the second runs in qualifying, as had been agreed.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind."
],
"links": [
[
"motor racing",
"motor racing"
],
[
"speed",
"speed"
],
[
"increase",
"increase"
],
[
"car",
"car"
],
[
"straight",
"straight"
],
[
"slipstream",
"slipstream"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(motor racing) A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind."
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"motor-racing",
"racing",
"sports"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊ"
},
{
"homophone": "toe"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "teglene",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "теглене"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buksir",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буксир"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vlečení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "tažení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "odtažení"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remorquage"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "act of towing",
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schleppen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Abschleppen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoúlkisi",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρυμούλκηση"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "vilkšana"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vléčenje",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вле́чење"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "holowanie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "act of towing",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksiróvka",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "буксиро́вка"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "act of towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"english": "truck",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tahač"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"english": "boat",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remorkér"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schlepper"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rymoulkó",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ρυμουλκό"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vilcējs"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that tows",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that tows",
"word": "rebocador"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksír",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "букси́р"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tjagáč",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "тяга́ч"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"english": "boat",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that tows",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolcador"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimorchio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "traino"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"word": "reboque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "something that is towed",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buksirno vǎže",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "буксирно въже"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vlečné lano"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sleeptouw"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "trekkabel"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "câble de remorquage"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "corde de remorquage"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schlepptau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tau"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Seil"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "virve"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "hol"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "buksiróvočnyj tros",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "буксиро́вочный трос"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "remolque"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cable"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cable used in towing",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cabo"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow",
"tow (disambiguation)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dewh₂-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯",
"Rhymes:Middle English/ɔu̯/1 syllable",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Corsican translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Fibers",
"en:Flax"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "swingling tow"
},
{
"word": "tow-colored"
},
{
"word": "tow-haired"
},
{
"word": "tow haired"
},
{
"word": "towhead"
},
{
"word": "towheaded"
},
{
"word": "tow linen"
},
{
"word": "towy"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "touw"
},
"expansion": "Middle English touw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "",
"4": "tow-",
"5": "spinning"
},
"expansion": "Old English tow- (“spinning”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*tawwą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *tawwą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "tó",
"3": "",
"4": "uncleansed wool"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse tó (“uncleansed wool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "touw",
"3": "",
"4": "rope"
},
"expansion": "Dutch touw (“rope”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "tawian",
"3": "",
"4": "prepare for use"
},
"expansion": "Old English tawian (“prepare for use”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽",
"3": "",
"4": "do, make"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “do, make”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English touw, from Old English tow- (“spinning”) (in compounds, e.g. towcræft, towhūs, towlic), from Proto-Germanic *tawwą; compare Old Norse tó (“uncleansed wool”), Dutch touw (“rope”). Perhaps cognate with Old English tawian (“prepare for use”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “do, make”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tows",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "tow (countable and uncountable, plural tows)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "taw"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 1:31:",
"text": "And the strong shall be as towe, and the maker of it as a sparke, and they shall both burne together, and none shall quench them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An untwisted bundle of fibres such as cellulose acetate, flax, hemp or jute."
],
"links": [
[
"untwisted",
"untwisted"
],
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"fibre",
"fibre"
],
[
"flax",
"flax"
],
[
"hemp",
"hemp"
],
[
"jute",
"jute"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The short, coarse, less desirable fibres separated by hackling from the finer longer fibres (line)."
],
"links": [
[
"hackling",
"hackle"
],
[
"line",
"line#Etymology_2"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) The short, coarse, less desirable fibres separated by hackling from the finer longer fibres (line)."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"specifically",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/təʊ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tō",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/toʊ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"enpr": "tou",
"note": "rare, some parts of the UK and Australia"
},
{
"ipa": "/taʊ/",
"note": "rare, some parts of the UK and Australia"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tow2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-tow2.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hards"
},
{
"word": "oakum"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "iztupa"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stoub"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "kǎlčišta",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "кълчища"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stoppa"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "koudel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "blår"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "werk"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "hede"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "étoupe"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "filasse"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estopa"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tomento"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Werg"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Hede"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "stoupí",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στουπί"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "stuppeîon",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "στυππεῖον"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "stupo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "capecchio"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "tou",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "토우"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "pakulas"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "ngai"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "pūngahungahu"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stry"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "stry"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "üstüpü",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "استوپی"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "pakuły"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "estopa"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "stupă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "páklja",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "па́кля"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kudélʹ",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "куде́ль"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "ку̀чина"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "kùčina"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stuppa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kúdeľ"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "priadza"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "drev"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "blånor"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "klóččja",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кло́ччя"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carth"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "breisgion"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "bundle of fibers",
"word": "hjidde"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"tow (disambiguation)",
"tow (fibre)"
],
"word": "tow"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tow meaning in English (32.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.