See starling in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "common starling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Sturnus vulgaris",
"word": "European starling"
},
{
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"word": "New Zealand starling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pied starling"
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{
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"word": "rose-colored starling"
},
{
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"word": "rose-coloured starling"
},
{
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"taxonomic": "Pastor roseus",
"word": "rosy starling"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"taxonomic": "Sturnus unicolor",
"word": "spotless starling"
}
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{
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"3": "",
"4": "starling"
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"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds."
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 52, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part Two: America, page 501:",
"text": "Vast flights of starlings, fleeing the racket, beat across the sky at high speed, like Squall-clouds,— Evening at Noon-tide.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.",
"The common starling, Sturnus vulgaris, which has dark, iridescent plumage."
],
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[
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{
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"word": "stare"
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"An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge."
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"id": "en-starling-en-noun-BaIvbucu",
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[
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"One of the piles used in forming such a breakwater."
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{
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{
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{
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pilings",
"word": "suojapaalutus"
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{
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"code": "fr",
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"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
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"word": "bec"
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{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Eisbrecher"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palificazione"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pilings",
"word": "palafitta"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
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"word": "izbica"
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{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
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"word": "lodołam"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "ru",
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"roman": "vodoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
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"word": "водоре́з"
},
{
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"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volnoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "волноре́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ledoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ледоре́з"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 32 9 7 42",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "isbrytare"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "stär′lĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-starling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "spreeu"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "shturë"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gargull"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zurzūr",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "زُرْزُور"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zarzūr",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زرزور"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "saryak",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "սարյակ"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "estornín"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "sıyırsıq",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "сыйырсыҡ"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "arabazozo"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "špak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шпак"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śalik",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "শালিক"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tred"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skoréc",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скоре́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornell"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "alqanč",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "алкханч"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鳥"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liángniǎo",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鸟"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "troos"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sıyırcıq"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "špaček"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "spreeuw"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturno"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kuldnokk"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "künnirästas"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kottarainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "étourneau"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnel"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorniño"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šošia",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "შოშია"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Star"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psaróni",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ψαρόνι"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "psár",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψάρ"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zarzír",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זַרְזִיר"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "seregély"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kottarâš"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "jalak"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "druid"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storno"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mukudori",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鳥"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "jalak"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "alik"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "reşêlek"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "zerzûr"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "storno"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturnus"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mājas strazds"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varnėnas"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spree"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sterra"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spréif"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "skolovránec",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сколовра́нец"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturnell"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "tāringi"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "étourné"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "êtourné"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "stárra"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stare"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "star"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornèl"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "sawc’iw",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "сауцъиу"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sığırcık",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "صیغیرجق"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sar",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "سار"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zurzur",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "زرزور"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "çekirge kuşu",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "چكركه قوشی"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sâr",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "سار"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sâri",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "ساری"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szpak"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorninho"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graur"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnel"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skvoréc",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скворе́ц"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "istùrulu campinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturru grandinau"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "druid"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чво́рак"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "čvórak"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škorec"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škorec"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škórc"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škórc"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornino"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stare"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "martines"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "шор"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sığırcık"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sar"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "špak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шпак"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strioło"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnod"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "drudwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 50 0 0 0",
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "protter"
}
],
"word": "starling"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ling",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for gender in Friulian entries",
"Requests for gender in Italian entries",
"Requests for gender in Ladin entries",
"Requests for gender in Romansch entries",
"Requests for gender in Sardinian entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Basque translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Breton translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Chechen translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Friulian translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Inari Sami translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Javanese translations",
"Terms with Ladin translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Low German translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Lule Sami translations",
"Terms with Luxembourgish translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Northern Sami translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ossetian translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Romansch translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Talysh translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Venetian translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with West Frisian translations",
"en:Bridges",
"en:Scorpaeniform fish",
"en:Starlings"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "common starling"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Sturnus vulgaris",
"word": "European starling"
},
{
"word": "New Zealand starling"
},
{
"word": "pied starling"
},
{
"word": "rose-colored starling"
},
{
"word": "rose-coloured starling"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Pastor roseus",
"word": "rosy starling"
},
{
"taxonomic": "Sturnus unicolor",
"word": "spotless starling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Middle English starling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "stærling"
},
"expansion": "Old English stærling",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "sterlinck",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English starling, sterling, sterlinge, from Old English stærling, from stær (“starling”) + -ling (diminutive suffix). Cognate with Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "starlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "starling (plural starlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds."
],
"links": [
[
"Sturnidae",
"Sturnidae#Translingual"
],
[
"passerine",
"passerine"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 52, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part Two: America, page 501:",
"text": "Vast flights of starlings, fleeing the racket, beat across the sky at high speed, like Squall-clouds,— Evening at Noon-tide.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.",
"The common starling, Sturnus vulgaris, which has dark, iridescent plumage."
],
"links": [
[
"Sturnidae",
"Sturnidae#Translingual"
],
[
"passerine",
"passerine"
],
[
"bird",
"bird"
],
[
"common starling",
"common starling"
],
[
"Sturnus vulgaris",
"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual"
],
[
"iridescent",
"iridescent"
],
[
"plumage",
"plumage"
]
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q25469"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "European starling"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal"
],
"word": "stare"
}
],
"wikidata": [
"Q25469"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge."
],
"links": [
[
"coffer-dam",
"coffer-dam"
],
[
"pier",
"pier"
]
],
"qualifier": "hydraulic engineering",
"raw_glosses": [
"(hydraulic engineering) An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"One of the piles used in forming such a breakwater."
],
"links": [
[
"breakwater",
"breakwater"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"A fish, rock trout (Hexagrammos spp.), of the North Pacific, especially, Hexagrammos decagrammus, found in US waters."
],
"links": [
[
"Hexagrammos",
"Hexagrammos#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "boregat"
},
{
"word": "bodieron"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "stär′lĭng"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-starling.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "spreeu"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "shturë"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gargull"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zurzūr",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "زُرْزُور"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "zarzūr",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "زرزور"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "saryak",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "սարյակ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "estornín"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "sıyırsıq",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "сыйырсыҡ"
},
{
"code": "eu",
"lang": "Basque",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "arabazozo"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "špak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шпак"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śalik",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "শালিক"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "tred"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "skoréc",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скоре́ц"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornell"
},
{
"code": "ce",
"lang": "Chechen",
"roman": "alqanč",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "алкханч"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鳥"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "liángniǎo",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鸟"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "troos"
},
{
"code": "crh",
"lang": "Crimean Tatar",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sıyırcıq"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "špaček"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "spreeuw"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturno"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kuldnokk"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "künnirästas"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kottarainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "étourneau"
},
{
"code": "fur",
"lang": "Friulian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnel"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorniño"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šošia",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "შოშია"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Star"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "psaróni",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ψαρόνι"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "psár",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ψάρ"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "zarzír",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "זַרְזִיר"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "seregély"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stari"
},
{
"code": "smn",
"lang": "Inari Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "kottarâš"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "jalak"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "druid"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "storno"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "mukudori",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "椋鳥"
},
{
"code": "jv",
"lang": "Javanese",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "jalak"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "alik"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "reşêlek"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "zerzûr"
},
{
"code": "lld",
"lang": "Ladin",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "storno"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturnus"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mājas strazds"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "varnėnas"
},
{
"code": "nds",
"lang": "Low German",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Spree"
},
{
"code": "smj",
"lang": "Lule Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sterra"
},
{
"code": "lb",
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Spréif"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "skolovránec",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сколовра́нец"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sturnell"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "tāringi"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Guernsey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "étourné"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Jersey",
"masculine"
],
"word": "êtourné"
},
{
"code": "se",
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "stárra"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stare"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "star"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornèl"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "stær"
},
{
"code": "os",
"lang": "Ossetian",
"roman": "sawc’iw",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "сауцъиу"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sığırcık",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "صیغیرجق"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "sar",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "سار"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "zurzur",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "زرزور"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "çekirge kuşu",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "چكركه قوشی"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sâr",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "سار"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "sâri",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "ساری"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "szpak"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estorninho"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "graur"
},
{
"code": "rm",
"lang": "Romansch",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnel"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "skvoréc",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "скворе́ц"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "istùrulu campinu"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturru grandinau"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "druid"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чво́рак"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "čvórak"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škorec"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škorec"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škórc"
},
{
"code": "hsb",
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "škórc"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "estornino"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "stare"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "martines"
},
{
"code": "tly",
"lang": "Talysh",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "шор"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sığırcık"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "špak",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шпак"
},
{
"code": "vec",
"lang": "Venetian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "strioło"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "bird",
"word": "sturnod"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "drudwen"
},
{
"code": "fy",
"lang": "West Frisian",
"sense": "bird",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "protter"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "pilings",
"word": "suojapaalutus"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bec"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Eisbrecher"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "palificazione"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "pilings",
"word": "palafitta"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "izbica"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lodołam"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vodoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "водоре́з"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volnoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "волноре́з"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ledoréz",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ледоре́з"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "pilings",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "isbrytare"
}
],
"word": "starling"
}
Download raw JSONL data for starling meaning in English (17.4kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "starling/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ling\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for gender in Friulian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Italian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Ladin entries\", \"Requests for gender in Romansch entries\", \"Requests for gender in Sardinian entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Chechen translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Javanese translations\", \"Terms with Ladin translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Low German translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Ossetian translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Talysh translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"en:Bridges\", \"en:Scorpaeniform fish\", \"en:Starlings\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"common starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"word\": \"New Zealand starling\"}, {\"word\": \"pied starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-colored starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-coloured starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pastor roseus\", \"word\": \"rosy starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus unicolor\", \"word\": \"spotless starling\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English starling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"stærling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English stærling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterlinck\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English starling, sterling, sterlinge, from Old English stærling, from stær (“starling”) + -ling (diminutive suffix). Cognate with Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starlings\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"starling (plural starlings)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.\"], \"links\": [[\"Sturnidae\", \"Sturnidae#Translingual\"], [\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 52, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part Two: America, page 501:\", \"text\": \"Vast flights of starlings, fleeing the racket, beat across the sky at high speed, like Squall-clouds,— Evening at Noon-tide.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.\", \"The common starling, Sturnus vulgaris, which has dark, iridescent plumage.\"], \"links\": [[\"Sturnidae\", \"Sturnidae#Translingual\"], [\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"common starling\", \"common starling\"], [\"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual\"], [\"iridescent\", \"iridescent\"], [\"plumage\", \"plumage\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q25469\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}], \"wikidata\": [\"Q25469\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"], \"links\": [[\"coffer-dam\", \"coffer-dam\"], [\"pier\", \"pier\"]], \"qualifier\": \"hydraulic engineering\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(hydraulic engineering) An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"One of the piles used in forming such a breakwater.\"], \"links\": [[\"breakwater\", \"breakwater\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\"], \"glosses\": [\"A fish, rock trout (Hexagrammos spp.), of the North Pacific, especially, Hexagrammos decagrammus, found in US waters.\"], \"links\": [[\"Hexagrammos\", \"Hexagrammos#Translingual\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"boregat\"}, {\"word\": \"bodieron\"}]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"stär′lĭng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-starling.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"spreeu\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"shturë\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gargull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zurzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زُرْزُور\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zarzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"saryak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"սարյակ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"estornín\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"sıyırsıq\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сыйырсыҡ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"arabazozo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śalik\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"শালিক\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tred\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"skoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скоре́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornell\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"alqanč\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"алкханч\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"liángniǎo\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"troos\"}, {\"code\": \"crh\", \"lang\": \"Crimean Tatar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sıyırcıq\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"špaček\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"spreeuw\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturno\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kuldnokk\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"künnirästas\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourneau\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorniño\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"šošia\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"შოშია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Star\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"psaróni\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ψαρόνι\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"psár\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ψάρ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zarzír\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זַרְזִיר\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"seregély\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarâš\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"mukudori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"jv\", \"lang\": \"Javanese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"alik\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"reşêlek\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"zerzûr\"}, {\"code\": \"lld\", \"lang\": \"Ladin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mājas strazds\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"varnėnas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Spree\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sterra\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Spréif\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"skolovránec\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сколовра́нец\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnell\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"tāringi\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Guernsey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourné\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"êtourné\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"stárra\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"star\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornèl\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"os\", \"lang\": \"Ossetian\", \"roman\": \"sawc’iw\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сауцъиу\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sığırcık\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"صیغیرجق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"zurzur\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"çekirge kuşu\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"چكركه قوشی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâri\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"ساری\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szpak\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorninho\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"graur\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"skvoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скворе́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"istùrulu campinu\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturru grandinau\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"чво́рак\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"čvórak\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornino\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"martines\"}, {\"code\": \"tly\", \"lang\": \"Talysh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"шор\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sığırcık\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sar\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"strioło\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnod\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"drudwen\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"protter\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"suojapaalutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bec\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Eisbrecher\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palificazione\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"palafitta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"izbica\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"lodołam\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vodoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"водоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"volnoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"волноре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ledoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ледоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"isbrytare\"}], \"word\": \"starling\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "starling",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "starling/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ling\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for gender in Friulian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Italian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Ladin entries\", \"Requests for gender in Romansch entries\", \"Requests for gender in Sardinian entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Chechen translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Javanese translations\", \"Terms with Ladin translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Low German translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Ossetian translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Talysh translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"en:Bridges\", \"en:Scorpaeniform fish\", \"en:Starlings\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"common starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"word\": \"New Zealand starling\"}, {\"word\": \"pied starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-colored starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-coloured starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pastor roseus\", \"word\": \"rosy starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus unicolor\", \"word\": \"spotless starling\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English starling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"stærling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English stærling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterlinck\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English starling, sterling, sterlinge, from Old English stærling, from stær (“starling”) + -ling (diminutive suffix). 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plumage.\"], \"links\": [[\"Sturnidae\", \"Sturnidae#Translingual\"], [\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"common starling\", \"common starling\"], [\"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual\"], [\"iridescent\", \"iridescent\"], [\"plumage\", \"plumage\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q25469\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}], \"wikidata\": [\"Q25469\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"], \"links\": [[\"coffer-dam\", \"coffer-dam\"], [\"pier\", \"pier\"]], \"qualifier\": \"hydraulic engineering\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(hydraulic engineering) An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"One of the piles used in forming such a breakwater.\"], \"links\": [[\"breakwater\", \"breakwater\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\"], \"glosses\": [\"A fish, rock trout (Hexagrammos spp.), of the North Pacific, especially, Hexagrammos decagrammus, found in US waters.\"], \"links\": [[\"Hexagrammos\", \"Hexagrammos#Translingual\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"boregat\"}, {\"word\": \"bodieron\"}]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"stär′lĭng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-starling.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"spreeu\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"shturë\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gargull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zurzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زُرْزُور\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zarzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"saryak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"սարյակ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"estornín\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"sıyırsıq\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сыйырсыҡ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"arabazozo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śalik\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"শালিক\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tred\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"skoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скоре́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornell\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"alqanč\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"алкханч\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"liángniǎo\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"troos\"}, {\"code\": \"crh\", \"lang\": \"Crimean Tatar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sıyırcıq\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"špaček\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"spreeuw\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturno\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kuldnokk\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"künnirästas\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourneau\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorniño\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"šošia\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"შოშია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Star\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"psaróni\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ψαρόνι\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"psár\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ψάρ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zarzír\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זַרְזִיר\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"seregély\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarâš\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"mukudori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"jv\", \"lang\": \"Javanese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"alik\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"reşêlek\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"zerzûr\"}, {\"code\": \"lld\", \"lang\": \"Ladin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mājas strazds\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"varnėnas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Spree\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sterra\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Spréif\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"skolovránec\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сколовра́нец\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnell\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"tāringi\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Guernsey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourné\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"êtourné\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"stárra\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"star\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornèl\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"os\", \"lang\": \"Ossetian\", \"roman\": \"sawc’iw\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сауцъиу\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sığırcık\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"صیغیرجق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"zurzur\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"çekirge kuşu\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"چكركه قوشی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâri\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"ساری\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szpak\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorninho\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"graur\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"skvoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скворе́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"istùrulu campinu\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturru grandinau\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"чво́рак\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"čvórak\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornino\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"martines\"}, {\"code\": \"tly\", \"lang\": \"Talysh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"шор\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sığırcık\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sar\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"strioło\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnod\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"drudwen\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"protter\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"suojapaalutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bec\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Eisbrecher\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palificazione\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"palafitta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"izbica\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"lodołam\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vodoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"водоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"volnoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"волноре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ledoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ледоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"isbrytare\"}], \"word\": \"starling\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "starling",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "starling/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Egyptian-Arabic not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old English\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms inherited from Old English\", \"English terms suffixed with -ling\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 1 entry\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Requests for gender in Friulian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Italian entries\", \"Requests for gender in Ladin entries\", \"Requests for gender in Romansch entries\", \"Requests for gender in Sardinian entries\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\", \"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Afrikaans translations\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Ancient Greek translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Bashkir translations\", \"Terms with Basque translations\", \"Terms with Belarusian translations\", \"Terms with Bengali translations\", \"Terms with Breton translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Chechen translations\", \"Terms with Cornish translations\", \"Terms with Crimean Tatar translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Friulian translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with Georgian translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hebrew translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Inari Sami translations\", \"Terms with Indonesian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Javanese translations\", \"Terms with Ladin translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Low German translations\", \"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Lule Sami translations\", \"Terms with Luxembourgish translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Maltese translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations\", \"Terms with Northern Sami translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Occitan translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Ossetian translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Romanian translations\", \"Terms with Romansch translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sardinian translations\", \"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations\", \"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations\", \"Terms with Slovak translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Tagalog translations\", \"Terms with Talysh translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Turkmen translations\", \"Terms with Ukrainian translations\", \"Terms with Upper Sorbian translations\", \"Terms with Venetian translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Welsh translations\", \"Terms with West Frisian translations\", \"en:Bridges\", \"en:Scorpaeniform fish\", \"en:Starlings\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"common starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"word\": \"New Zealand starling\"}, {\"word\": \"pied starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-colored starling\"}, {\"word\": \"rose-coloured starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Pastor roseus\", \"word\": \"rosy starling\"}, {\"taxonomic\": \"Sturnus unicolor\", \"word\": \"spotless starling\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English starling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ang\", \"3\": \"stærling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English stærling\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"dum\", \"2\": \"sterlinck\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"starling\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English starling, sterling, sterlinge, from Old English stærling, from stær (“starling”) + -ling (diminutive suffix). Cognate with Middle Dutch sterlinck (“starling”).\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"starlings\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"starling (plural starlings)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.\"], \"links\": [[\"Sturnidae\", \"Sturnidae#Translingual\"], [\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 52, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part Two: America, page 501:\", \"text\": \"Vast flights of starlings, fleeing the racket, beat across the sky at high speed, like Squall-clouds,— Evening at Noon-tide.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A family, Sturnidae, of passerine birds.\", \"The common starling, Sturnus vulgaris, which has dark, iridescent plumage.\"], \"links\": [[\"Sturnidae\", \"Sturnidae#Translingual\"], [\"passerine\", \"passerine\"], [\"bird\", \"bird\"], [\"common starling\", \"common starling\"], [\"Sturnus vulgaris\", \"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual\"], [\"iridescent\", \"iridescent\"], [\"plumage\", \"plumage\"]], \"senseid\": [\"en:Q25469\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"European starling\"}, {\"tags\": [\"archaic\", \"dialectal\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}], \"wikidata\": [\"Q25469\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"], \"links\": [[\"coffer-dam\", \"coffer-dam\"], [\"pier\", \"pier\"]], \"qualifier\": \"hydraulic engineering\", \"raw_glosses\": [\"(hydraulic engineering) An inclosure like a coffer-dam, formed of piles driven closely together, before any work or structure as a protection against the wash of the waves, commonly used to protects the piers of a bridge.\"]}, {\"glosses\": [\"One of the piles used in forming such a breakwater.\"], \"links\": [[\"breakwater\", \"breakwater\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa\", \"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)\"], \"glosses\": [\"A fish, rock trout (Hexagrammos spp.), of the North Pacific, especially, Hexagrammos decagrammus, found in US waters.\"], \"links\": [[\"Hexagrammos\", \"Hexagrammos#Translingual\"]], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"boregat\"}, {\"word\": \"bodieron\"}]}], \"sounds\": [{\"enpr\": \"stär′lĭng\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑɹ.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈstɑː.lɪŋ/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-starling.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/81/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-starling.wav.ogg\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"af\", \"lang\": \"Afrikaans\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"spreeu\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"shturë\"}, {\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"gargull\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zurzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زُرْزُور\"}, {\"code\": \"arz\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"zarzūr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Egyptian-Arabic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"saryak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"սարյակ\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"estornín\"}, {\"code\": \"ba\", \"lang\": \"Bashkir\", \"roman\": \"sıyırsıq\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сыйырсыҡ\"}, {\"code\": \"eu\", \"lang\": \"Basque\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"arabazozo\"}, {\"code\": \"be\", \"lang\": \"Belarusian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"bn\", \"lang\": \"Bengali\", \"roman\": \"śalik\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"শালিক\"}, {\"code\": \"br\", \"lang\": \"Breton\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"tred\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"skoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скоре́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornell\"}, {\"code\": \"ce\", \"lang\": \"Chechen\", \"roman\": \"alqanč\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"алкханч\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"liángniǎo\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鸟\"}, {\"code\": \"kw\", \"lang\": \"Cornish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"troos\"}, {\"code\": \"crh\", \"lang\": \"Crimean Tatar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sıyırcıq\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"špaček\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"spreeuw\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturno\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kuldnokk\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"künnirästas\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarainen\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourneau\"}, {\"code\": \"fur\", \"lang\": \"Friulian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorniño\"}, {\"code\": \"ka\", \"lang\": \"Georgian\", \"roman\": \"šošia\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"შოშია\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Star\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"psaróni\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"neuter\"], \"word\": \"ψαρόνι\"}, {\"code\": \"grc\", \"lang\": \"Ancient Greek\", \"roman\": \"psár\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ψάρ\"}, {\"code\": \"he\", \"lang\": \"Hebrew\", \"roman\": \"zarzír\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"זַרְזִיר\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"seregély\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stari\"}, {\"code\": \"smn\", \"lang\": \"Inari Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"kottarâš\"}, {\"code\": \"id\", \"lang\": \"Indonesian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"mukudori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"椋鳥\"}, {\"code\": \"jv\", \"lang\": \"Javanese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"jalak\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"alik\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"reşêlek\"}, {\"code\": \"kmr\", \"lang\": \"Northern Kurdish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"zerzûr\"}, {\"code\": \"lld\", \"lang\": \"Ladin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"storno\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnus\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"mājas strazds\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"varnėnas\"}, {\"code\": \"nds\", \"lang\": \"Low German\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Spree\"}, {\"code\": \"smj\", \"lang\": \"Lule Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sterra\"}, {\"code\": \"lb\", \"lang\": \"Luxembourgish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"Spréif\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"skolovránec\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"сколовра́нец\"}, {\"code\": \"mt\", \"lang\": \"Maltese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"sturnell\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"tāringi\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Guernsey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"étourné\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Jersey\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"êtourné\"}, {\"code\": \"se\", \"lang\": \"Northern Sami\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"stárra\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"star\"}, {\"code\": \"oc\", \"lang\": \"Occitan\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornèl\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"stær\"}, {\"code\": \"os\", \"lang\": \"Ossetian\", \"roman\": \"sawc’iw\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"сауцъиу\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sığırcık\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"صیغیرجق\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"sar\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"zurzur\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"زرزور\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"çekirge kuşu\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"چكركه قوشی\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâr\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"سار\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"sâri\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"ساری\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"animate\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"szpak\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estorninho\"}, {\"code\": \"ro\", \"lang\": \"Romanian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"graur\"}, {\"code\": \"rm\", \"lang\": \"Romansch\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnel\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"skvoréc\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"скворе́ц\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"istùrulu campinu\"}, {\"code\": \"sc\", \"lang\": \"Sardinian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturru grandinau\"}, {\"code\": \"gd\", \"lang\": \"Scottish Gaelic\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"druid\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Cyrillic\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"чво́рак\"}, {\"code\": \"sh\", \"lang\": \"Serbo-Croatian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"Roman\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"čvórak\"}, {\"code\": \"sk\", \"lang\": \"Slovak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škorec\"}, {\"code\": \"dsb\", \"lang\": \"Lower Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"hsb\", \"lang\": \"Upper Sorbian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"škórc\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"estornino\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"stare\"}, {\"code\": \"tl\", \"lang\": \"Tagalog\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"martines\"}, {\"code\": \"tly\", \"lang\": \"Talysh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"шор\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sığırcık\"}, {\"code\": \"tk\", \"lang\": \"Turkmen\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sar\"}, {\"code\": \"uk\", \"lang\": \"Ukrainian\", \"roman\": \"špak\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"шпак\"}, {\"code\": \"vec\", \"lang\": \"Venetian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"strioło\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"word\": \"sturnod\"}, {\"code\": \"cy\", \"lang\": \"Welsh\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"drudwen\"}, {\"code\": \"fy\", \"lang\": \"West Frisian\", \"sense\": \"bird\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"protter\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"suojapaalutus\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bec\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Eisbrecher\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"palificazione\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"word\": \"palafitta\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"feminine\"], \"word\": \"izbica\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"lodołam\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"vodoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"водоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"volnoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"волноре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"ledoréz\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"ледоре́з\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"pilings\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"isbrytare\"}], \"word\": \"starling\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "starling",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.