See sturnus in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "storno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: storno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: storno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "struneḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: struneḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: struneḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "storno"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: storno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: storno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "storn",
"3": "stor"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: storn, stor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: storn, stor"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "sturnellus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnellus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnellus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "sturnel"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: sturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: sturnel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "stornel"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: stornel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: stornel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "stronel",
"3": "stornel",
"4": "astrunel"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: stronel, stornel, astrunel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: stronel, stornel, astrunel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "sturnel"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: sturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: sturnel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "estorniello"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: estorniello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: estorniello"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "estornell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: estornell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: estornell"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "esturnel"
},
"expansion": "Old French: esturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: esturnel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "étourneau"
},
"expansion": "French: étourneau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: étourneau"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "estorniu",
"3": "estornèu",
"4": "estornèth"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: estorniu, estornèu, estornèth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: estorniu, estornèu, estornèth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "estornèl",
"3": "estorneu"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: estornèl, estorneu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: estornèl, estorneu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "sturnīnus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnīnus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnīnus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "stornin"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: stornin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: stornin"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "stornin"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: stornin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: stornin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "estorniño",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Galician: estorniño, estornillo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: estorniño, estornillo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "estorninho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: estorninho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: estorninho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "estornino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: estornino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: estornino"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shturë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shturë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shturë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "sturnell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: sturnell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: sturnell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*storo-",
"4": "",
"5": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *storo- (“starling”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "starnite",
"3": "",
"4": "gull"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian starnite (“gull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "English starling",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ψάρ",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ψάρ (psár, “starling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sparrow"
},
"expansion": "English sparrow",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *storo- (“starling”) or *(s)tern- (“starling”), same ultimate source as Old Prussian starnite (“gull”), English starling. Traditionally, perhaps spuriously, associated with Ancient Greek ψάρ (psár, “starling”), cognate with English sparrow through an etymon with similar sound.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sturnī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sturnus<2>"
},
"expansion": "sturnus m (genitive sturnī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sturnus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Birds",
"orig": "la:Birds",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Perching birds",
"orig": "la:Perching birds",
"parents": [
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starling"
],
"id": "en-sturnus-la-noun-pRRsmmJt",
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstur.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠t̪ʊrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstur.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈst̪urnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "sturnus"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "storno"
},
"expansion": "Italian: storno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: storno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "struneḍḍu"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: struneḍḍu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: struneḍḍu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lad",
"2": "storno"
},
"expansion": "Ladino: storno",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladino: storno"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "storn",
"3": "stor"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: storn, stor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: storn, stor"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "sturnellus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnellus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnellus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "sturnel"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: sturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: sturnel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "stornel"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: stornel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: stornel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "stronel",
"3": "stornel",
"4": "astrunel"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: stronel, stornel, astrunel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: stronel, stornel, astrunel"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "sturnel"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: sturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: sturnel"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "estorniello"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: estorniello",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: estorniello"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "estornell"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: estornell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: estornell"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "esturnel"
},
"expansion": "Old French: esturnel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: esturnel"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "étourneau"
},
"expansion": "French: étourneau",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: étourneau"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc-gas",
"2": "estorniu",
"3": "estornèu",
"4": "estornèth"
},
"expansion": "Gascon: estorniu, estornèu, estornèth",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gascon: estorniu, estornèu, estornèth"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "estornèl",
"3": "estorneu"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: estornèl, estorneu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: estornèl, estorneu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "LL.",
"2": "sturnīnus",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnīnus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Late Latin: sturnīnus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North-Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "stornin"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: stornin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: stornin"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "stornin"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: stornin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: stornin"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Ibero-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "estorniño",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Galician: estorniño, estornillo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Galician: estorniño, estornillo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "estorninho"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: estorninho",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: estorninho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "estornino"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: estornino",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: estornino"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "shturë",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: shturë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: shturë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "sturnell",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Maltese: sturnell",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Maltese: sturnell"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*storo-",
"4": "",
"5": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *storo- (“starling”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "starnite",
"3": "",
"4": "gull"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian starnite (“gull”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "starling"
},
"expansion": "English starling",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ψάρ",
"3": "",
"4": "starling"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ψάρ (psár, “starling”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sparrow"
},
"expansion": "English sparrow",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *storo- (“starling”) or *(s)tern- (“starling”), same ultimate source as Old Prussian starnite (“gull”), English starling. Traditionally, perhaps spuriously, associated with Ancient Greek ψάρ (psár, “starling”), cognate with English sparrow through an etymon with similar sound.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sturnī",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnōrum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnōs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnīs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sturne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "sturnī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sturnus<2>"
},
"expansion": "sturnus m (genitive sturnī); second declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sturnus<2>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin second declension nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Birds",
"la:Perching birds"
],
"glosses": [
"starling"
],
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-2",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstur.nus/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠t̪ʊrnʊs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstur.nus/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈst̪urnus]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "sturnus"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sturnus meaning in Latin (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Latin dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.