See drudwen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "drydwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh drydwen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "trydw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh trydw",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*tröd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *tröd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tred"
},
"expansion": "Breton tred",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*trozdis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *trozdis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trosdos",
"t": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin turdus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drossel"
},
"expansion": "German Drossel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "English thrush",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "drudw",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, drudw + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alteration of Middle Welsh drydwen, diminutive of drydw, alternative form of Middle Welsh trydw, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Breton tred), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, German Drossel, and English thrush. By surface analysis, drudw + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drudwy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "drudwy"
},
"expansion": "drudwen f (plural drudwy)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh terms suffixed with -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Starlings",
"orig": "cy:Starlings",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starling"
],
"id": "en-drudwen-cy-noun-pRRsmmJt",
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aderyn yr eira"
},
{
"word": "drudwy"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɨ̞dwɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɪdwɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "drudwen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "drydwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh drydwen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "trydw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh trydw",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*tröd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *tröd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tred"
},
"expansion": "Breton tred",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*trozdis"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *trozdis",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trosdos",
"t": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin turdus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drossel"
},
"expansion": "German Drossel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "English thrush",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "drudw",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, drudw + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alteration of Middle Welsh drydwen, diminutive of drydw, alternative form of Middle Welsh trydw, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Breton tred), from Proto-Celtic *trozdis, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, German Drossel, and English thrush. By surface analysis, drudw + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drudwy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "drudwy"
},
"expansion": "drudwen f (plural drudwy)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms suffixed with -en",
"cy:Starlings"
],
"glosses": [
"starling"
],
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɨ̞dwɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɪdwɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aderyn yr eira"
},
{
"word": "drudwy"
}
],
"word": "drudwen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drudwen meaning in Welsh (2.7kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.