See drudwen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "drydwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh drydwen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "trydw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh trydw",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*tröd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *tröd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tred"
},
"expansion": "Breton tred",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*trozdī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *trozdī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trosdos",
"t": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin turdus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drossel"
},
"expansion": "German Drossel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "English thrush",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "drudw",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, drudw + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alteration of Middle Welsh drydwen, diminutive of drydw, alternative form of Middle Welsh trydw, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Breton tred), from Proto-Celtic *trozdī, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, German Drossel, and English thrush. By surface analysis, drudw + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drudwy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwyod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "drudwy",
"g2": "m",
"pl2": "drudwyod"
},
"expansion": "drudwen f or m (plural drudwy or drudwyod)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh terms suffixed with -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "cy",
"name": "Starlings",
"orig": "cy:Starlings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Abbott's starling",
"translation": "Abbott's starling",
"word": "drudwen Abbott"
},
{
"english": "black-headed starling",
"translation": "black-headed starling",
"word": "drudwen benddu"
},
{
"english": "white-headed starling",
"translation": "white-headed starling",
"word": "drudwen benwen"
},
{
"english": "singing starling",
"translation": "singing starling",
"word": "drudwen bêr"
},
{
"english": "silky starling",
"translation": "silky starling",
"word": "drudwen bicoch"
},
{
"english": "white-billed starling",
"translation": "white-billed starling",
"word": "drudwen bigwen"
},
{
"english": "wattled starling",
"translation": "wattled starling",
"word": "drudwen dagellog"
},
{
"english": "Daurian starling",
"translation": "Daurian starling",
"word": "drudwen Dawria"
},
{
"english": "spotless starling",
"translation": "spotless starling",
"word": "drudwen ddu"
},
{
"english": "bald starling",
"translation": "bald starling",
"word": "drudwen foel"
},
{
"english": "short-tailed starling",
"translation": "short-tailed starling",
"word": "drudwen gota"
},
{
"english": "Grant's starling",
"translation": "Grant's starling",
"word": "drudwen Grant"
},
{
"english": "ashy starling",
"translation": "ashy starling",
"word": "drudwen lwyd"
},
{
"english": "striated starling",
"translation": "striated starling",
"word": "drudwen resog"
},
{
"english": "Samoan starling",
"translation": "Samoan starling",
"word": "drudwen Samoa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starling (bird usually of genus Sturnus, especially Sturnus vulgaris)"
],
"id": "en-drudwen-cy-noun-JmSNs6gg",
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
],
[
"Sturnus",
"Sturnus#Translingual"
],
[
"Sturnus vulgaris",
"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aderyn yr eira"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɨ̞dwɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɪdwɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "drudwen"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "Abbott's starling",
"translation": "Abbott's starling",
"word": "drudwen Abbott"
},
{
"english": "black-headed starling",
"translation": "black-headed starling",
"word": "drudwen benddu"
},
{
"english": "white-headed starling",
"translation": "white-headed starling",
"word": "drudwen benwen"
},
{
"english": "singing starling",
"translation": "singing starling",
"word": "drudwen bêr"
},
{
"english": "silky starling",
"translation": "silky starling",
"word": "drudwen bicoch"
},
{
"english": "white-billed starling",
"translation": "white-billed starling",
"word": "drudwen bigwen"
},
{
"english": "wattled starling",
"translation": "wattled starling",
"word": "drudwen dagellog"
},
{
"english": "Daurian starling",
"translation": "Daurian starling",
"word": "drudwen Dawria"
},
{
"english": "spotless starling",
"translation": "spotless starling",
"word": "drudwen ddu"
},
{
"english": "bald starling",
"translation": "bald starling",
"word": "drudwen foel"
},
{
"english": "short-tailed starling",
"translation": "short-tailed starling",
"word": "drudwen gota"
},
{
"english": "Grant's starling",
"translation": "Grant's starling",
"word": "drudwen Grant"
},
{
"english": "ashy starling",
"translation": "ashy starling",
"word": "drudwen lwyd"
},
{
"english": "striated starling",
"translation": "striated starling",
"word": "drudwen resog"
},
{
"english": "Samoan starling",
"translation": "Samoan starling",
"word": "drudwen Samoa"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "drydwen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh drydwen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "trydw"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh trydw",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*tröd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *tröd",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "tred"
},
"expansion": "Breton tred",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*trozdī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *trozdī",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*trosdos",
"t": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "turdus"
},
"expansion": "Latin turdus",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Drossel"
},
"expansion": "German Drossel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "thrush"
},
"expansion": "English thrush",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "drudw",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, drudw + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Alteration of Middle Welsh drydwen, diminutive of drydw, alternative form of Middle Welsh trydw, from Proto-Brythonic *tröd (whence Breton tred), from Proto-Celtic *trozdī, from Proto-Indo-European *trosdos (“thrush”); compare Latin turdus, German Drossel, and English thrush. By surface analysis, drudw + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drudwy",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwyod",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "drudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ddrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nrudwen",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "drudwy",
"g2": "m",
"pl2": "drudwyod"
},
"expansion": "drudwen f or m (plural drudwy or drudwyod)",
"name": "cy-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh countable nouns",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh feminine nouns",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh masculine nouns",
"Welsh nouns",
"Welsh nouns with multiple genders",
"Welsh nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms suffixed with -en",
"cy:Starlings"
],
"glosses": [
"starling (bird usually of genus Sturnus, especially Sturnus vulgaris)"
],
"links": [
[
"starling",
"starling"
],
[
"Sturnus",
"Sturnus#Translingual"
],
[
"Sturnus vulgaris",
"Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aderyn yr eira"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɨ̞dwɛn/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdrɪdwɛn/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
}
],
"word": "drudwen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drudwen meaning in Welsh (4.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: drudwen/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"drudwen"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "drudwen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.