See reform in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reformen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reformen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "reformer"
},
"expansion": "Old French reformer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "reformo",
"4": "reformo, reformare"
},
"expansion": "Latin reformo, reformare",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réforme"
},
"expansion": "French réforme",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reformen, from Old French reformer, from Latin reformo, reformare. As a noun since 1660s, from French réforme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reform (countable and uncountable, plural reforms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
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"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
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"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
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{
"_dis": "34 31 7 28",
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{
"_dis": "34 16 9 41",
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"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
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"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 33 7 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 23 7 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 37",
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"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 6 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "36 24 8 31",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
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"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 27 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 28 7 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
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"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
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{
"_dis": "30 27 7 37",
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{
"_dis": "38 21 8 32",
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"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
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{
"_dis": "36 19 9 36",
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"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
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{
"_dis": "21 38 11 31",
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"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 22 7 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 33 8 30",
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"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
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{
"_dis": "37 23 8 32",
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{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
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{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
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{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
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{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 17 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anti-reform"
},
{
"word": "monetary reform"
},
{
"word": "reform mathematics"
},
{
"word": "reform school"
},
{
"word": "spelling reform"
},
{
"word": "thought reform"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The elections need to undergo a serious reform.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Major reform is needed to improve the efficiency in the factory.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "19 February 2011, Barack Obama, Presidential Weekly Address, America Will Win the Future\n[…] over the past two years, my administration has made education a top priority. We’ve launched a competition called “Race to the Top” – a reform that is lifting academic standards and getting results; not because Washington dictated the answers, but because states and local schools pursued innovative solutions."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative, in order to correct or improve it"
],
"id": "en-reform-en-noun-AP13GnJ5",
"related": [
{
"word": "reformation"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reformation"
},
{
"word": "amendment"
},
{
"word": "rectification"
},
{
"word": "correction"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reformë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔiṣlāḥ",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِصْلَاح"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "barepʻoxum",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "բարեփոխում"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙeform",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ռեֆորմ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islah"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islahat"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рэфо́рма"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śoṅśōdhon",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "সংশোধন"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "goi² gaak³",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎigé",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amendyans"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "uudistus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "réforme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "reporma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "რეფორმა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Reform"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metarrýthmisi",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταρρύθμιση"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anamórfosi",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αναμόρφωση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רֶפוֹרְמָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sudhār",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सुधार"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "rifārm",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "रिफ़ार्म"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "islāh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "इस्लाह"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "endurbót"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leasú"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "riforma"
},
{
"alt": "かいかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaikaku",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kaa kae tumrŭəng",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ការកែទំរង់"
},
{
"alt": "改革",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaehyeok",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "개혁"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islah"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ıslat",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ыслат"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "kān pa ti hūp",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ການປະຕິຮູບ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "punaṟrūpīkaraṇaṁ",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "പുനർരൂപീകരണം"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "pariṣkkāraṁ",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "പരിഷ്ക്കാരം"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šinečlel",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "шинэчлэл"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "r'forme"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "eslãh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اصلاح"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "refórm",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رفورم"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "rifórǝm",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رېفورم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "reform",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "رفرم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "eslâh",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "اصلاح"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "eslâhât",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "اصلاحات"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preobrazovánije",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "преобразова́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ath-leasachadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "рѐфо̄рма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "rèfōrma"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "mulinyo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reporma"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "isloh",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ислоҳ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "islohot",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ислоҳот"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-bpà-dtì-rûup",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "การปฏิรูป"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-bpràp-bprung",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "การปรับปรุง"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "devrim"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "inkılap"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "islāh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "اِصْلاح"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "islahat",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ئىسلاھات"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "isloh"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islohot"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "cải cách"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "votastid"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "reform",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רעפֿאָרם"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reform.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg/En-us-reform.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)m"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reform"
],
"word": "reform"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reformen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reformen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "reformer"
},
"expansion": "Old French reformer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "reformo",
"4": "reformo, reformare"
},
"expansion": "Latin reformo, reformare",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réforme"
},
"expansion": "French réforme",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reformen, from Old French reformer, from Latin reformo, reformare. As a noun since 1660s, from French réforme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforms",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reforming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reformed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reformed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reform (third-person singular simple present reforms, present participle reforming, simple past and past participle reformed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 24 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 27 7 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 30 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 7 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 33 7 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 23 7 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 6 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 24 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 27 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 28 7 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 39 9 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 7 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 19 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 11 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 33 8 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 17 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals; to reform a criminal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 January 15, Adebisi Onanuga, Robert Egbe, “‘How we stopped DPP’s office from being used to settle scores’”, in The Nation:",
"text": "In this interview with Law Editors and Correspondents, he speaks on the gains of reforming the Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP), efforts to keep underage persons out of jail.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909, H. G. Wells, chapter 9, in The History of Mr. Polly:",
"text": "“There was always something a bit wrong with him,” she said, “but nothing you mightn’t have hoped for, not till they took him and carried him off and reformed him”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709, Jonathan Swift, A Project for the Advancement of Religion and the Reformation of Manners:",
"text": "Thus human nature seems to lie under the disadvantage, that the example alone of a vicious prince, will in time corrupt an age; but the example of a good one, will not be sufficient to reform it without farther endeavours.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better."
],
"id": "en-reform-en-verb-pnayOJ2o",
"links": [
[
"new",
"new"
],
[
"improved",
"improved"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"restore",
"restore"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"bring",
"bring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "amend"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "correct"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "rectify"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "mend"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "repair"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "better"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "improve"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "restore"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 9 2",
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "reclaim"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refarmavácʹ",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "рэфармава́ць"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obnovjavam",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "обновявам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "reformiram",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "реформирам"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pru.prang",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ပြုပြင်"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎigé",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "uudistaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "réformer"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformieren"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "leasaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "riformare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "migliorare"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kae tumrŭəng",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "កែទំរង់"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pa ti hūp",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ປະຕິຮູບ"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ēmendō"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šinečlex",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "шинэчлэх"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "reformować"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zreformować"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "reformírovatʹ",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "реформи́ровать"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ath-leasaich"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "реформи́рaти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "reformírati"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformera"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpà-dtì-rûup",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ปฏิรูป"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "legs bcos gtong",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ལེགས་བཅོས་གཏོང"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "yenileştirmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ıslah etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reforme etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "reformuváty",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "реформува́ти"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "isloh qilmoq"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "cải cách"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "votastidön"
},
{
"_dis1": "93 3 4",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "reformirn",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "רעפֿאָרמירן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "21 38 11 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It is hoped that many criminals, upon being freed, will eventually reform.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits."
],
"id": "en-reform-en-verb--rdiNizY",
"links": [
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"correct",
"correct"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"habit",
"habit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "popravjam",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "поправям"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "uudistua"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "parantua"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "leasaigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "correggere"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ravvedersi"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reintegrarsi"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ath-leasaich"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "реформи́рaти"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "reformírati"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reformera"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ıslah etmek"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80 0",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "düzeltmek"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 28 6 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 15 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 13 10 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 10 7 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Albanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 24 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 27 7 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 22 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bengali translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 30 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Burmese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 20 11 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 31 7 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 19 6 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 18 16 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 9 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 21 15 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 33 7 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 18 12 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 30 9 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 30 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 23 7 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 6 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 24 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 27 8 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Khmer translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 28 7 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lao translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 7 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 21 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 11 5 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 11 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 19 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Pashto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 11 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 25 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 12 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 33 8 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 14 12 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tajik translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 29 8 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Thai translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 24 10 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tibetan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 22 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 9 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkmen translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 10 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Urdu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 23 9 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uzbek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 23 8 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 15 13 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 17 9 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This product contains reformed meat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The regiment reformed after surviving the first attack.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 August 21, Jason Heller, “The Darkness: Hot Cakes (Music Review)”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Since first tossing its cartoonish, good-time cock-rock to the masses in the early ’00s, The Darkness has always fallen back on this defense: The band is a joke, but hey, it’s a good joke. With Hot Cakes—the group’s third album, and first since reforming last year—the laughter has died. In its place is the sad wheeze of the last surviving party balloon slowly, listlessly deflating.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February 10, “Fleet News: CrossCountry boosts capacity by extending two-car Class 170/5s”, in RAIL, number 924, page 29:",
"text": "Two-car CrossCountry Class 170/5 diesel multiple units are being extended to three-car formations and reclassified as Class 170/6s, to boost capacity on the Birmingham-Stansted Airport route. So far, two have been reformed by Arriva TrainCare at Bristol Barton Hill and put back into traffic.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 7, Suzanne Wrack, “England beat Nigeria on penalties to reach Women’s World Cup quarter-finals”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "England reformed, this time with Kelly at the head of a 4-4-1, and rode out the final few minutes to force extra time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To form again or in a new configuration."
],
"id": "en-reform-en-verb-5ehK84yz",
"links": [
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"again",
"again"
],
[
"configuration",
"configuration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To form again or in a new configuration."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "9 0 91",
"sense": "form again",
"word": "re-form"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reform.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg/En-us-reform.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)m"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reform"
],
"word": "reform"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)m",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)m/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "anti-reform"
},
{
"word": "monetary reform"
},
{
"word": "reform mathematics"
},
{
"word": "reform school"
},
{
"word": "spelling reform"
},
{
"word": "thought reform"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reformen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reformen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "reformer"
},
"expansion": "Old French reformer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "reformo",
"4": "reformo, reformare"
},
"expansion": "Latin reformo, reformare",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réforme"
},
"expansion": "French réforme",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reformen, from Old French reformer, from Latin reformo, reformare. As a noun since 1660s, from French réforme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "reform (countable and uncountable, plural reforms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "reformation"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The elections need to undergo a serious reform.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Major reform is needed to improve the efficiency in the factory.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "19 February 2011, Barack Obama, Presidential Weekly Address, America Will Win the Future\n[…] over the past two years, my administration has made education a top priority. We’ve launched a competition called “Race to the Top” – a reform that is lifting academic standards and getting results; not because Washington dictated the answers, but because states and local schools pursued innovative solutions."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative, in order to correct or improve it"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reform.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg/En-us-reform.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)m"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reformation"
},
{
"word": "amendment"
},
{
"word": "rectification"
},
{
"word": "correction"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reformë"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʔiṣlāḥ",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "إِصْلَاح"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "barepʻoxum",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "բարեփոխում"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "ṙeform",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ռեֆորմ"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islah"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islahat"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рэфо́рма"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "śoṅśōdhon",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "সংশোধন"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "goi² gaak³",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "zh-min-nan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎigé",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "amendyans"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformo"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "uudistus"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "réforme"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "reporma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "რეფორმა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Reform"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "metarrýthmisi",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μεταρρύθμιση"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "anamórfosi",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "αναμόρφωση"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רֶפוֹרְמָה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "sudhār",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "सुधार"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "rifārm",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "रिफ़ार्म"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "islāh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "इस्लाह"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "endurbót"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "leasú"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "riforma"
},
{
"alt": "かいかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kaikaku",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kaa kae tumrŭəng",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ការកែទំរង់"
},
{
"alt": "改革",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gaehyeok",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "개혁"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islah"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "ıslat",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ыслат"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "kān pa ti hūp",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ການປະຕິຮູບ"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "punaṟrūpīkaraṇaṁ",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "പുനർരൂപീകരണം"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "pariṣkkāraṁ",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "പരിഷ്ക്കാരം"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šinečlel",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "шинэчлэл"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "r'forme"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "eslãh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "اصلاح"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "refórm",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رفورم"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "rifórǝm",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "رېفورم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "reform",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "رفرم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "eslâh",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "اصلاح"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "eslâhât",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "اصلاحات"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reformă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "preobrazovánije",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "преобразова́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ath-leasachadh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "рѐфо̄рма"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "rèfōrma"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "mulinyo"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reporma"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "isloh",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ислоҳ"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "islohot",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ислоҳот"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "reforma",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "реформа"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-bpà-dtì-rûup",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "การปฏิรูป"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "gaan-bpràp-bprung",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "การปรับปรุง"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reform"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "devrim"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "inkılap"
},
{
"code": "tk",
"lang": "Turkmen",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "refórma",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "рефо́рма"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "islāh",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "اِصْلاح"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "islahat",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "ئىسلاھات"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "isloh"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "islohot"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "reforma"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "cải cách"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "amendment",
"word": "votastid"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "reform",
"sense": "amendment",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "רעפֿאָרם"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reform"
],
"word": "reform"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)m",
"Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)m/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Burmese translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Lao translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Northern Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Tibetan translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Turkmen translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "reformen"
},
"expansion": "Middle English reformen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "reformer"
},
"expansion": "Old French reformer",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "reformo",
"4": "reformo, reformare"
},
"expansion": "Latin reformo, reformare",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "réforme"
},
"expansion": "French réforme",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English reformen, from Old French reformer, from Latin reformo, reformare. As a noun since 1660s, from French réforme.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforms",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "reforming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "reformed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "reformed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "reform (third-person singular simple present reforms, present participle reforming, simple past and past participle reformed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals; to reform a criminal",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 January 15, Adebisi Onanuga, Robert Egbe, “‘How we stopped DPP’s office from being used to settle scores’”, in The Nation:",
"text": "In this interview with Law Editors and Correspondents, he speaks on the gains of reforming the Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP), efforts to keep underage persons out of jail.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1909, H. G. Wells, chapter 9, in The History of Mr. Polly:",
"text": "“There was always something a bit wrong with him,” she said, “but nothing you mightn’t have hoped for, not till they took him and carried him off and reformed him”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1709, Jonathan Swift, A Project for the Advancement of Religion and the Reformation of Manners:",
"text": "Thus human nature seems to lie under the disadvantage, that the example alone of a vicious prince, will in time corrupt an age; but the example of a good one, will not be sufficient to reform it without farther endeavours.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better."
],
"links": [
[
"new",
"new"
],
[
"improved",
"improved"
],
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"condition",
"condition"
],
[
"restore",
"restore"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"bring",
"bring"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "It is hoped that many criminals, upon being freed, will eventually reform.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits."
],
"links": [
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"state",
"state"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"correct",
"correct"
],
[
"character",
"character"
],
[
"habit",
"habit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "This product contains reformed meat.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "The regiment reformed after surviving the first attack.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2012 August 21, Jason Heller, “The Darkness: Hot Cakes (Music Review)”, in The Onion AV Club:",
"text": "Since first tossing its cartoonish, good-time cock-rock to the masses in the early ’00s, The Darkness has always fallen back on this defense: The band is a joke, but hey, it’s a good joke. With Hot Cakes—the group’s third album, and first since reforming last year—the laughter has died. In its place is the sad wheeze of the last surviving party balloon slowly, listlessly deflating.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February 10, “Fleet News: CrossCountry boosts capacity by extending two-car Class 170/5s”, in RAIL, number 924, page 29:",
"text": "Two-car CrossCountry Class 170/5 diesel multiple units are being extended to three-car formations and reclassified as Class 170/6s, to boost capacity on the Birmingham-Stansted Airport route. So far, two have been reformed by Arriva TrainCare at Bristol Barton Hill and put back into traffic.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023 August 7, Suzanne Wrack, “England beat Nigeria on penalties to reach Women’s World Cup quarter-finals”, in The Guardian:",
"text": "England reformed, this time with Kelly at the head of a 4-4-1, and rode out the final few minutes to force extra time.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To form again or in a new configuration."
],
"links": [
[
"form",
"form"
],
[
"again",
"again"
],
[
"configuration",
"configuration"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To form again or in a new configuration."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˌɹiːˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈfɔɹm/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹɪˈfɔːm/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-reform.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg/En-us-reform.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/En-us-reform.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)m"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "form again",
"word": "re-form"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "amend"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "correct"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "rectify"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "mend"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "repair"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "better"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "improve"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "restore"
},
{
"sense": "put into a better condition",
"word": "reclaim"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "refarmavácʹ",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "рэфармава́ць"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "obnovjavam",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "обновявам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "reformiram",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "реформирам"
},
{
"code": "my",
"lang": "Burmese",
"roman": "pru.prang",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ပြုပြင်"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "gǎigé",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "改革"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "uudistaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "réformer"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformieren"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "leasaigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "riformare"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "migliorare"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kae tumrŭəng",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "កែទំរង់"
},
{
"code": "lo",
"lang": "Lao",
"roman": "pa ti hūp",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ປະຕິຮູບ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ēmendō"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "šinečlex",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "шинэчлэх"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "reformować"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zreformować"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "reformírovatʹ",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "реформи́ровать"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ath-leasaich"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "реформи́рaти"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "reformírati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reformera"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"roman": "bpà-dtì-rûup",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ปฏิรูป"
},
{
"code": "bo",
"lang": "Tibetan",
"roman": "legs bcos gtong",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ལེགས་བཅོས་གཏོང"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "yenileştirmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "ıslah etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "reforme etmek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "reformuváty",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"perfective"
],
"word": "реформува́ти"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "isloh qilmoq"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "cải cách"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "votastidön"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "reformirn",
"sense": "to put into a new and improved form or condition",
"word": "רעפֿאָרמירן"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "popravjam",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "поправям"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "uudistua"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "parantua"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "leasaigh"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "correggere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ravvedersi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reintegrarsi"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ath-leasaich"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "реформи́рaти"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "reformírati"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reformar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "reformera"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "ıslah etmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to return to a good state",
"word": "düzeltmek"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"reform"
],
"word": "reform"
}
Download raw JSONL data for reform meaning in English (30.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
"msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": kái-kek vs. zh-min-nan",
"path": [
"reform"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "reform",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (eaedd02 and 8fbd9e8). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.