See pest in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "building and pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chicken pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fowl pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "garden pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "integrated pest management"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pest control"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pest controller"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "serial pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "sex pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tin pest"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "peste",
"t": "pestilence"
},
"expansion": "Middle French peste (“pestilence”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "peste"
},
"expansion": "French peste",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pestis"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the 16th century in the sense of \"pestilence\" and specifically bubonic plague from Middle French peste (“pestilence”) (whence French peste). The other meanings are recorded soon after. Ultimately from Latin pestis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pest (plural pests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pester"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pesting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pesthole"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pesthouse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pesticidal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pesticide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pestiferous"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pestilence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pestilent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pestilential"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 March 24, Qing Zhu, Zhang Ming, “Amid Coronavirus Pandemic, China Faces Plague of Locusts”, in Minghui:",
"text": "From the perspective of traditional Chinese culture, pests and famines are reflections of the current administration’s lack of moral values and deviation from divine will. The head of the administration (the emperor in the past) would then issue an edict to sincerely repent and correct his wrongdoings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague."
],
"id": "en-pest-en-noun-fh939Xgq",
"links": [
[
"pestilence",
"pestilence"
],
[
"epidemic",
"epidemic"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čuma",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чума"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesta"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pla"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plag"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "plaag"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Seuche"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "panoúkla",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πανούκλα"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mástiga",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μάστιγα"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pligí",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πληγή"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "loimós",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λοιμός"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pes"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plá"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čúma",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чу́ма"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "taʼun",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "طاعون"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaga"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaraza"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epidemia"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pestă"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čumá",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чума́"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mor",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мор"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pestilencia"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epidemia"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "angol"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "tl",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "taping"
},
{
"_dis1": "59 3 16 16 6",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pesse"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 46 11 15 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 52 13 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 45 15 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cornish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 58 12 13 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 51 14 13 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 54 13 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 49 13 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 42 8 23 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 41 15 17 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 58 11 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 43 26 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Navajo translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 17 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 66 8 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 37 16 18 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 83 4 4 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 37 15 17 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 58 11 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 49 13 13 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sardinian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 42 16 19 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 59 11 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 45 16 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 45 16 18 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 58 11 11 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Volapük translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 43 16 18 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Walloon translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any destructive insect that attacks crops or livestock; an agricultural pest."
],
"id": "en-pest-en-noun-9LLgXtub",
"links": [
[
"destructive",
"destructive"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vnasatu",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "վնասատու"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vnasatu kendani",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "վնասատու կենդանի"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "utič",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "ուտիճ"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "škódnik",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шко́днік"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vreditel",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вредител"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pla"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "pest"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "plaag"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "kahjur"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "tuhoeläin"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuisible"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mavnebeli",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "მავნებელი"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schädling"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "meindýr"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parassita"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "štetočina",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "штеточина"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "kīrearea"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szkodnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "insekt"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vredítelʹ",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вреди́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "errebiu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "štetòčina"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štȅtnīk"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedjur"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "haşere"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "škidnýk",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шкідни́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "minimil"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "vo",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabanim"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "dämabanimil"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "vo",
"english": "insect",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabanäsäk"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 62 1 32 3",
"code": "vo",
"english": "plant",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabaplan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 26 42 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 26 42 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Estonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 26 42 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 26 42 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Indonesian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 26 42 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 29 40 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 27 43 17 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An annoying person, a nuisance."
],
"id": "en-pest-en-noun-lzBMIVO7",
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"nuisance",
"nuisance"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosadnik",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "досадник"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mab an pla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "myrgh an pla"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "plage"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "plageånd"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "pestilens"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lastpak"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "maanvaiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "kiusankappale"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "kiusanhenki"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Nervensäge"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Quälgeist"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zizánio",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ζιζάνιο"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crá croí"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "nanakia"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "pōrearea"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "doo yildinii"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Onjenieech"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ploag"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "utrapieniec"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vredítelʹ",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вреди́тель"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "parazít",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "парази́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dosadnjáković"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dosàdnjāk"
},
{
"_dis1": "2 1 87 10 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moscardón"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An animal regarded as a nuisance, destructive, or a parasite, vermin."
],
"id": "en-pest-en-noun-HWKteMyd",
"links": [
[
"parasite",
"parasite"
],
[
"vermin",
"vermin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An invasive weed."
],
"id": "en-pest-en-noun-nGhNaDag",
"links": [
[
"invasive",
"invasive"
],
[
"weed",
"weed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-pest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 4 46 41 5",
"sense": "creature",
"word": "bug"
}
],
"word": "pest"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst",
"Rhymes:English/ɛst/1 syllable",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Cornish translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Navajo translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sardinian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "building and pest"
},
{
"word": "chicken pest"
},
{
"word": "fowl pest"
},
{
"word": "garden pest"
},
{
"word": "integrated pest management"
},
{
"word": "pest control"
},
{
"word": "pest controller"
},
{
"word": "serial pest"
},
{
"word": "sex pest"
},
{
"word": "tin pest"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "peste",
"t": "pestilence"
},
"expansion": "Middle French peste (“pestilence”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "peste"
},
"expansion": "French peste",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pestis"
},
"expansion": "Latin pestis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In the 16th century in the sense of \"pestilence\" and specifically bubonic plague from Middle French peste (“pestilence”) (whence French peste). The other meanings are recorded soon after. Ultimately from Latin pestis.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pests",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pest (plural pests)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "pester"
},
{
"word": "pesting"
},
{
"word": "pesthole"
},
{
"word": "pesthouse"
},
{
"word": "pesticidal"
},
{
"word": "pesticide"
},
{
"word": "pestiferous"
},
{
"word": "pestilence"
},
{
"word": "pestilent"
},
{
"word": "pestilential"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2020 March 24, Qing Zhu, Zhang Ming, “Amid Coronavirus Pandemic, China Faces Plague of Locusts”, in Minghui:",
"text": "From the perspective of traditional Chinese culture, pests and famines are reflections of the current administration’s lack of moral values and deviation from divine will. The head of the administration (the emperor in the past) would then issue an edict to sincerely repent and correct his wrongdoings.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague."
],
"links": [
[
"pestilence",
"pestilence"
],
[
"epidemic",
"epidemic"
],
[
"plague",
"plague"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now rare) A pestilence, i.e. a deadly epidemic, a deadly plague."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any destructive insect that attacks crops or livestock; an agricultural pest."
],
"links": [
[
"destructive",
"destructive"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An annoying person, a nuisance."
],
"links": [
[
"annoy",
"annoy"
],
[
"nuisance",
"nuisance"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An animal regarded as a nuisance, destructive, or a parasite, vermin."
],
"links": [
[
"parasite",
"parasite"
],
[
"vermin",
"vermin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"An invasive weed."
],
"links": [
[
"invasive",
"invasive"
],
[
"weed",
"weed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɛst/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-pest.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-pest.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛst"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "creature",
"word": "bug"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "čuma",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чума"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pesta"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaga"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pla"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "plag"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pest"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "plaag"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Seuche"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Pest"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "panoúkla",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πανούκλα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "mástiga",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "μάστιγα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "pligí",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πληγή"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "loimós",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λοιμός"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pes"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plá"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "čúma",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чу́ма"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "taʼun",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "طاعون"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plaga"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "zaraza"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epidemia"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pestă"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čumá",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "чума́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "mor",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "мор"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "pestilencia"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "epidemia"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "plague",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "pest"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "angol"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "taping"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "plague",
"word": "pesse"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vnasatu",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "վնասատու"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "vnasatu kendani",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "վնասատու կենդանի"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "utič",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "ուտիճ"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "škódnik",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шко́днік"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vreditel",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вредител"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pla"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "pest"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "plaag"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "kahjur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "tuhoeläin"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nuisible"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "mavnebeli",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "მავნებელი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Schädling"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "meindýr"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "parassita"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "štetočina",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "штеточина"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "kīrearea"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedyr"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szkodnik"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "insekt"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vredítelʹ",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вреди́тель"
},
{
"code": "sc",
"lang": "Sardinian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "errebiu"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "štetòčina"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "štȅtnīk"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "skadedjur"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "haşere"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "škidnýk",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "шкідни́к"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "minimil"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"english": "animal",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabanim"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "dämabanimil"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"english": "insect",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabanäsäk"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"english": "plant",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "destructive insect",
"word": "dämabaplan"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dosadnik",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "досадник"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mab an pla"
},
{
"code": "kw",
"lang": "Cornish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "myrgh an pla"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "plage"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "plageånd"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "pestilens"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "lastpak"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "maanvaiva"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "kiusankappale"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "kiusanhenki"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Nervensäge"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Quälgeist"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "zizánio",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "ζιζάνιο"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "crá croí"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "orotā"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "nanakia"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "pōrearea"
},
{
"code": "nv",
"lang": "Navajo",
"sense": "annoying person",
"word": "doo yildinii"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Onjenieech"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ploag"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "utrapieniec"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "peste"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vredítelʹ",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "вреди́тель"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "parazít",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "парази́т"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "plàigh"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dosadnjáković"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dosàdnjāk"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "annoying person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "moscardón"
}
],
"word": "pest"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pest meaning in English (15.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.