See clause in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for clause meaning in English (25.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "3-clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clausal"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clause element"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "clause function"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "acceleration clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "break clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "choice of forum clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cognovit clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "conscience clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "definite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "derogatory clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "escalator clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "escape clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "establishment clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "exit clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "final clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "forum clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "forum selection clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "free-exercise clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "get-out clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "guillotine clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Henry VIII clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Horn clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "in terrorem clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jurisdiction clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "matrix clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "negative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "no-trade clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "notwithstanding clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "objective clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "operative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pedigree clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "residuary clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "small clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "subject clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sunrise clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "sunset clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "supplementive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "testing clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "that clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "weasel clause"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "claus"
},
"expansion": "claus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clausula",
"3": "",
"4": "close, end; a clause, close of a period"
},
"expansion": "clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "claudere",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, close"
},
"expansion": "claudere (“to shut, close”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close"
},
"expansion": "close",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (plural clauses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "adverbial clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "appositive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "comment clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "comparative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "concessive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "conditional clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "conditional mood"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "coordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "defining relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dependent clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "finite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hush clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "if clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "independent clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "main clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nominal clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nondefining relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "non-finite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "object clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "restrictive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "subordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "superordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "verbless clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "vice clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "noncompete clause"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "close"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 5 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 28 2 25 9 8 3 0 7 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 4 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-6MHRq~-X",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 5 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 38 7 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 28 2 25 9 8 3 0 7 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 30 2 23 7 7 4 1 9 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 4 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 6, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 300",
"text": "However, Coordination facts seem to undermine this hasty conclusion: thus, consider the following:\n(43) [Your sister could go to College], but [would she get a degree?]\nThe second (italicised) conjunct is a Clause containing an inverted Auxiliary, would. Given our earlier assumptions that inverted Auxiliaries are in C, and that C is a constituent of S-bar, it follows that the italicised Clause in (43) must be an S-bar. But our familiar constraint on Coordination tells us that only constituents belonging to the same Category can be conjoined. Since the second Clause in (43) is clearly an S-bar, then it follows that the first Clause must also be an S-bar — one in which the C(omplementiser) position has been left empty.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-5VZMKpqH",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"superordinate",
"superordinate"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jumla",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُمْلَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "naxadasutʿyun",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "նախադասություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlə"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnjù",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "分句"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nevenschikking"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "lause"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teilsatz"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "tagmondat"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "節"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "also: sentence",
"roman": "predložénije",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предложе́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sats"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"_dis1": "21 76 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlecik"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951 April, “Notes and News: North Fife Line, Scotland”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 281",
"text": "Mr. Waller adds that when the railway was authorised in 1897, one of the clauses of the Act authorising the transfer of the line to the North British Railway provided that that company should work it in perpetuity, and it was this clause that caused the interim interdict to be granted.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A separate part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-p3w1rIXB",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) A separate part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "band",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بَنْد"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hodvac",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "հոդված"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klauza",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клауза"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "paragraf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "параграф"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausule"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ehto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "sopimusehto"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klausuuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Klausel"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rítra",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρήτρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "óros",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "όρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "seíf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סעיף"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "záradék"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "hu",
"english": "section of a legal document",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "cikkely"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "paragrafus"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foráil"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agús"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausola"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "artigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "punkt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "пункт"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stattja",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "стаття"
},
{
"_dis1": "5 6 89",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều khoản"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "murakkabun ʔisnādiyy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "مُرَكَّبٌ إِسْنَادِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podčineno izrečenie",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подчинено изречение"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "lauseke"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nebensatz"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "psukít",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פסוקית"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mellékmondat"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "節"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdanie składowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"_dis1": "50 43 7",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "sugnay"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"clause"
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "claus"
},
"expansion": "claus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clausula",
"3": "",
"4": "close, end; a clause, close of a period"
},
"expansion": "clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "claudere",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, close"
},
"expansion": "claudere (“to shut, close”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close"
},
"expansion": "close",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clausing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (third-person singular simple present clauses, present participle clausing, simple past and past participle claused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Shipping",
"orig": "en:Shipping",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "14 41 5 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 28 2 25 9 8 3 0 7 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 33 4 36",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Report of the session, number 11",
"text": "The question of clausing the bills of lading, so as to avoid \"dirtying\", which impairs its negotiability, may also be looked into",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, Samir Mankabady, The Hamburg rules on the carriage of goods by sea, page 215",
"text": "Any attempt to clause a Bill of Lading will be strenuously resisted by shippers, and they will obtain clean bills in the usual ways",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Alan Mitchelhill, Bills of lading: law and practice",
"text": "It was held that the bills of lading presented were in this case 'clean' as they contained no reservations by way of endorsement, clausing or otherwise to suggest that the goods were defective",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Martin Dockra with Katherine Reece Thomas, Cases & materials on the carriage of goods by sea, page 104",
"text": "There is little authority in English law dealing with the liability of a carrier who unnecessarily clauses a bill of lading.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-verb-rn4RGx4a",
"links": [
[
"shipping",
"shipping#Noun"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"bill of lading",
"bill of lading"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, shipping) To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"science",
"sciences",
"shipping",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"clause"
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"enm:Textual division"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "3-clause"
},
{
"word": "clausal"
},
{
"word": "clause element"
},
{
"word": "clause function"
},
{
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"word": "acceleration clause"
},
{
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"word": "break clause"
},
{
"word": "choice of forum clause"
},
{
"word": "cognovit clause"
},
{
"word": "conscience clause"
},
{
"word": "definite clause"
},
{
"word": "derogatory clause"
},
{
"word": "escalator clause"
},
{
"word": "escape clause"
},
{
"word": "establishment clause"
},
{
"word": "exit clause"
},
{
"word": "final clause"
},
{
"word": "forum clause"
},
{
"word": "forum selection clause"
},
{
"word": "free-exercise clause"
},
{
"word": "get-out clause"
},
{
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"word": "guillotine clause"
},
{
"word": "Henry VIII clause"
},
{
"word": "Horn clause"
},
{
"word": "in terrorem clause"
},
{
"word": "jurisdiction clause"
},
{
"word": "matrix clause"
},
{
"word": "negative clause"
},
{
"word": "no-trade clause"
},
{
"word": "notwithstanding clause"
},
{
"word": "objective clause"
},
{
"word": "operative clause"
},
{
"word": "pedigree clause"
},
{
"word": "residuary clause"
},
{
"word": "small clause"
},
{
"word": "subject clause"
},
{
"word": "sunrise clause"
},
{
"word": "sunset clause"
},
{
"word": "supplementive clause"
},
{
"word": "testing clause"
},
{
"word": "that clause"
},
{
"word": "weasel clause"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "claus"
},
"expansion": "claus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clausula",
"3": "",
"4": "close, end; a clause, close of a period"
},
"expansion": "clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "claudere",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, close"
},
"expansion": "claudere (“to shut, close”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close"
},
"expansion": "close",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (plural clauses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "adverbial clause"
},
{
"word": "appositive clause"
},
{
"word": "comment clause"
},
{
"word": "comparative clause"
},
{
"word": "concessive clause"
},
{
"word": "conditional clause"
},
{
"word": "conditional mood"
},
{
"word": "coordinate clause"
},
{
"word": "defining relative clause"
},
{
"word": "dependent clause"
},
{
"word": "finite clause"
},
{
"word": "hush clause"
},
{
"word": "if clause"
},
{
"word": "independent clause"
},
{
"word": "main clause"
},
{
"word": "nominal clause"
},
{
"word": "nondefining relative clause"
},
{
"word": "non-finite clause"
},
{
"word": "object clause"
},
{
"word": "relative clause"
},
{
"word": "restrictive clause"
},
{
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"word": "subordinate clause"
},
{
"word": "superordinate clause"
},
{
"word": "verbless clause"
},
{
"word": "vice clause"
},
{
"word": "noncompete clause"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 6, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 300",
"text": "However, Coordination facts seem to undermine this hasty conclusion: thus, consider the following:\n(43) [Your sister could go to College], but [would she get a degree?]\nThe second (italicised) conjunct is a Clause containing an inverted Auxiliary, would. Given our earlier assumptions that inverted Auxiliaries are in C, and that C is a constituent of S-bar, it follows that the italicised Clause in (43) must be an S-bar. But our familiar constraint on Coordination tells us that only constituents belonging to the same Category can be conjoined. Since the second Clause in (43) is clearly an S-bar, then it follows that the first Clause must also be an S-bar — one in which the C(omplementiser) position has been left empty.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"superordinate",
"superordinate"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is (subordinate) dependent."
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1951 April, “Notes and News: North Fife Line, Scotland”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 281",
"text": "Mr. Waller adds that when the railway was authorised in 1897, one of the clauses of the Act authorising the transfer of the line to the North British Railway provided that that company should work it in perpetuity, and it was this clause that caused the interim interdict to be granted.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A separate part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) A separate part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "murakkabun ʔisnādiyy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "مُرَكَّبٌ إِسْنَادِيّ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "podčineno izrečenie",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подчинено изречение"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "lauseke"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nebensatz"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "psukít",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פסוקית"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mellékmondat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposizione"
},
{
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "節"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdanie składowe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "jumla",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُمْلَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "naxadasutʿyun",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "նախադասություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlə"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fēnjù",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "分句"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nevenschikking"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "lause"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teilsatz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "tagmondat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "節"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "also: sentence",
"roman": "predložénije",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предложе́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sats"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlecik"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "band",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بَنْد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "hodvac",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "հոդված"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "klauza",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клауза"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "paragraf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "параграф"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausule"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ehto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "sopimusehto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klausuuli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clause"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Klausel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "rítra",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρήτρα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "óros",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "όρος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "seíf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סעיף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "záradék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "section of a legal document",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "cikkely"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "paragrafus"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foráil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agús"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausola"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "artigo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "punkt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "пункт"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "stattja",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "стаття"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều khoản"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"clause"
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz/1 syllable",
"en:Directives",
"enm:Textual division"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "claus"
},
"expansion": "claus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "clausula",
"3": "",
"4": "close, end; a clause, close of a period"
},
"expansion": "clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "claudere",
"3": "",
"4": "to shut, close"
},
"expansion": "claudere (“to shut, close”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "close"
},
"expansion": "close",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clausing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (third-person singular simple present clauses, present participle clausing, simple past and past participle claused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Shipping"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1970, Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Report of the session, number 11",
"text": "The question of clausing the bills of lading, so as to avoid \"dirtying\", which impairs its negotiability, may also be looked into",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1978, Samir Mankabady, The Hamburg rules on the carriage of goods by sea, page 215",
"text": "Any attempt to clause a Bill of Lading will be strenuously resisted by shippers, and they will obtain clean bills in the usual ways",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Alan Mitchelhill, Bills of lading: law and practice",
"text": "It was held that the bills of lading presented were in this case 'clean' as they contained no reservations by way of endorsement, clausing or otherwise to suggest that the goods were defective",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2004, Martin Dockra with Katherine Reece Thomas, Cases & materials on the carriage of goods by sea, page 104",
"text": "There is little authority in English law dealing with the liability of a carrier who unnecessarily clauses a bill of lading.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"links": [
[
"shipping",
"shipping#Noun"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"bill of lading",
"bill of lading"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, shipping) To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"science",
"sciences",
"shipping",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"clause"
],
"word": "clause"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.