See clause in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (plural clauses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "adverbial clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "appositive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "comment clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "comparative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "concessive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "conditional clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "conditional mood"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "coordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "defining relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "dependent clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "finite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "hush clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "if clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "independent clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "main clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "nominal clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "nondefining relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "non-finite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "object clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "relative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "restrictive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "subordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "superordinate clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "verbless clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "9 33 32 12 15",
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "vice clause"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "close"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 11 23 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 9 29 24 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 9 32 14 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 29 15 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "acceleration clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "break clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "choice of forum clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "clausehood"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "clauselike"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "cognovit clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "conscience clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "definite clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "derogatory clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "escalator clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "escape clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "establishment clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "exit clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "final clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "forum clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "forum selection clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "free-exercise clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "get-out clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "guillotine clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Henry VIII clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Horn clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "in terrorem clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "jurisdiction clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "matrix clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Mother Hubbard clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "multiclause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "negative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "no-trade clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "notwithstanding clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "objective clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "objects clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "operative clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "pedigree clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "residuary clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "semiclause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "small clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "spendthrift clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "subject clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "sunrise clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "sunset clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "supplementive clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "testing clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "that clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "time clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 19 28 6 8",
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "weasel clause"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: sentential, sentence"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-en:grammar__op_def_2",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#Noun"
],
[
"constitute",
"constitute#Verb"
],
[
"syntax",
"syntax#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance."
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 2"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "murakkabun ʔisnādiyy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "مُرَكَّبٌ إِسْنَادِيّ"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "podčineno izrečenie",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подчинено изречение"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "cóngjù",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "從句 /从句"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "věta"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "lause"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nebensatz"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "psukít",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פסוקית"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mellékmondat"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposizione"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "節"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "gišüün ögüülber",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "гишүүн өгүүлбэр"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "farākard",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "فراکرد"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdanie składowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "vế câu"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mệnh đề"
},
{
"_dis1": "40 29 20 4 7",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 11 23 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 29 15 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "3-clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clausal"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clause element"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clause function"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "content clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 44 24 8 10",
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "subclause"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-en:grammar__op_def_3",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"grammatical",
"grammar#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 3"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "en:Grammar",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 13 30 13 15 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 7 44 7 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 11 19 10 11 7 4 5 1 1 7 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 40 13 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 33 15 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 8 38 14 13 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 43 10 9 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 10 39 17 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 9 33 14 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 7 45 15 6 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 36 10 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 42 9 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 42 10 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 42 9 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 13 28 11 20 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 11 36 13 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 11 23 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 11 34 15 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 14 40 8 7 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 37 15 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Interlingua translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 9 36 20 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 10 37 11 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 39 9 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 14 35 9 13 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 13 31 10 15 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mongolian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 9 29 24 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 9 32 14 14 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 11 39 10 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 8 38 13 13 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 10 45 9 8 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 33 19 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 10 41 10 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 10 35 15 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 11 35 15 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 10 36 15 9 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 11 35 15 10 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 9 32 14 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 29 15 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
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[
209,
215
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[
392,
398
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[
567,
573
],
[
634,
640
]
],
"ref": "1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 6, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 300:",
"text": "However, Coordination facts seem to undermine this hasty conclusion: thus, consider the following:\n (43) [Your sister could go to College], but [would she get a degree?]\n The second (italicised) conjunct is a Clause containing an inverted Auxiliary, would. Given our earlier assumptions that inverted Auxiliaries are in C, and that C is a constituent of S-bar, it follows that the italicised Clause in (43) must be an S-bar. But our familiar constraint on Coordination tells us that only constituents belonging to the same Category can be conjoined. Since the second Clause in (43) is clearly an S-bar, then it follows that the first Clause must also be an S-bar — one in which the C(omplementiser) position has been left empty.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)"
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-en:grammar__op_def_4",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"superordinate",
"superordinate"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)"
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 4"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "jumla",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُمْلَة"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "naxadasutʻyun",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "նախադասություն"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlə"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "fēnjù",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "分句"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nevenschikking"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "lauseke"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teilsatz"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "tagmondat"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "節"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"note": "also: sentence",
"roman": "predložénije",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предложе́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sats"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlecik"
},
{
"_dis1": "23 13 58 2 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "en:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 11 23 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 9 29 24 10 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norman translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 9 32 14 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 29 15 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
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[
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[
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"ref": "1951 April, “Notes and News: North Fife Line, Scotland”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 281:",
"text": "Mr. Waller adds that when the railway was authorised in 1897, one of the clauses of the Act authorising the transfer of the line to the North British Railway provided that that company should work it in perpetuity, and it was this clause that caused the interim interdict to be granted.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A distinct part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 7 12 56 12",
"sense": "part of a legal document",
"word": "noncompete clause"
}
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-en:distinct_part_of_a_legal_document",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"will",
"will"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"document",
"document"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) A distinct part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"senseid": [
"en:distinct part of a legal document"
],
"topics": [
"law"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "band",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بَنْد"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "hodvac",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "հոդված"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "klauza",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клауза"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "paragraf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "параграф"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzule"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausule"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ehto"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "sopimusehto"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klausuuli"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clause"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Klausel"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "rítra",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρήτρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "óros",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "όρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "seíf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סעיף"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "záradék"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "hu",
"english": "section of a legal document",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"translation": "section of a legal document",
"word": "cikkely"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "paragrafus"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzo"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foráil"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agús"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausola"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "artigo"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ibare"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "punkt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "пункт"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "stattja",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "стаття"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều khoản"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều"
},
{
"_dis1": "11 0 8 79 3",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Databases",
"orig": "en:Databases",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 12 24 11 23 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 9 32 14 14 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 11 29 15 11 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A constituent (component) of a statement or query."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-noun-en:component_of_a_statement_or_query__in_databases",
"links": [
[
"database",
"database"
],
[
"constituent",
"constituent#Noun"
],
[
"component",
"component#Noun"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"query",
"query#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(databases) A constituent (component) of a statement or query."
],
"senseid": [
"en:component of a statement or query, in databases"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"databases",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
}
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clausing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (third-person singular simple present clauses, present participle clausing, simple past and past participle claused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Shipping",
"orig": "en:Shipping",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
24
]
],
"ref": "1970, Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Report of the session, number 11:",
"text": "The question of clausing the bills of lading, so as to avoid \"dirtying\", which impairs its negotiability, may also be looked into",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"ref": "1978, Samir Mankabady, The Hamburg rules on the carriage of goods by sea, page 215:",
"text": "Any attempt to clause a Bill of Lading will be strenuously resisted by shippers, and they will obtain clean bills in the usual ways",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
138
]
],
"ref": "1990, Alan Mitchelhill, Bills of lading: law and practice:",
"text": "It was held that the bills of lading presented were in this case 'clean' as they contained no reservations by way of endorsement, clausing or otherwise to suggest that the goods were defective",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"ref": "2004, Martin Dockra with Katherine Reece Thomas, Cases & materials on the carriage of goods by sea, page 104:",
"text": "There is little authority in English law dealing with the liability of a carrier who unnecessarily clauses a bill of lading.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"id": "en-clause-en-verb-rn4RGx4a",
"links": [
[
"shipping",
"shipping#Noun"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"bill of lading",
"bill of lading"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, shipping) To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences",
"shipping",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
}
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"enm:Textual division"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "3-clause"
},
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clausal"
},
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clause element"
},
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "clause function"
},
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "content clause"
},
{
"sense": "grammatical terms",
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "acceleration clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "attestation clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "break clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "choice of forum clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "clausehood"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "clauselike"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "cognovit clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "conscience clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "definite clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "derogatory clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "escalator clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "escape clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "establishment clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "exit clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "final clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "forum clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "forum selection clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "free-exercise clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "get-out clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "grandfather clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "guillotine clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Henry VIII clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Horn clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "in terrorem clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "jurisdiction clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "matrix clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "Mother Hubbard clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "multiclause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "negative clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "no-trade clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "notwithstanding clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "objective clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "objects clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "operative clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "pedigree clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "residuary clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "semiclause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "small clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "spendthrift clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "subject clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "sunrise clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "sunset clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "supplementive clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "testing clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "that clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "time clause"
},
{
"sense": "other terms (unsorted, may also contain grammatical terms)",
"word": "weasel clause"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (plural clauses)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "adverbial clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "appositive clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "comment clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "comparative clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "concessive clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "conditional clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "conditional mood"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "coordinate clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "defining relative clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "dependent clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "finite clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "hush clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "if clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "independent clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "main clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "nominal clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "nondefining relative clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "non-finite clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "object clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "relative clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "restrictive clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "subclause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "subordinate clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "superordinate clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "verbless clause"
},
{
"sense": "types of grammatical clauses",
"word": "vice clause"
},
{
"sense": "part of a legal document",
"word": "noncompete clause"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "close"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with manual fragments",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: sentential, sentence"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#Noun"
],
[
"constitute",
"constitute#Verb"
],
[
"syntax",
"syntax#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance."
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 2"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Grammar"
],
"glosses": [
"A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"grammatical",
"grammar#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb, its necessary grammatical arguments, and any adjuncts affecting them."
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 3"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Grammar"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
209,
215
],
[
392,
398
],
[
567,
573
],
[
634,
640
]
],
"ref": "1988, Andrew Radford, chapter 6, in Transformational grammar: a first course, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, page 300:",
"text": "However, Coordination facts seem to undermine this hasty conclusion: thus, consider the following:\n (43) [Your sister could go to College], but [would she get a degree?]\n The second (italicised) conjunct is a Clause containing an inverted Auxiliary, would. Given our earlier assumptions that inverted Auxiliaries are in C, and that C is a constituent of S-bar, it follows that the italicised Clause in (43) must be an S-bar. But our familiar constraint on Coordination tells us that only constituents belonging to the same Category can be conjoined. Since the second Clause in (43) is clearly an S-bar, then it follows that the first Clause must also be an S-bar — one in which the C(omplementiser) position has been left empty.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"superordinate",
"superordinate"
],
[
"subordinate",
"subordinate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar) A verb along with its subject and their modifiers. If a clause provides a complete thought on its own, then it is an independent (superordinate) clause; otherwise, it is dependent (subordinate). (Independent clauses can be sentences; they can also be part of a sentence. Dependent clauses can only be part of a sentence.)"
],
"senseid": [
"en:grammar, op def 4"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
73,
79
],
[
73,
80
],
[
231,
237
]
],
"ref": "1951 April, “Notes and News: North Fife Line, Scotland”, in Railway Magazine, number 600, page 281:",
"text": "Mr. Waller adds that when the railway was authorised in 1897, one of the clauses of the Act authorising the transfer of the line to the North British Railway provided that that company should work it in perpetuity, and it was this clause that caused the interim interdict to be granted.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A distinct part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"contract",
"contract"
],
[
"will",
"will"
],
[
"legal",
"legal"
],
[
"document",
"document"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) A distinct part of a contract, a will or another legal document."
],
"senseid": [
"en:distinct part of a legal document"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Databases"
],
"glosses": [
"A constituent (component) of a statement or query."
],
"links": [
[
"database",
"database"
],
[
"constituent",
"constituent#Noun"
],
[
"component",
"component#Noun"
],
[
"statement",
"statement"
],
[
"query",
"query#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(databases) A constituent (component) of a statement or query."
],
"senseid": [
"en:component of a statement or query, in databases"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"databases",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "murakkabun ʔisnādiyy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "مُرَكَّبٌ إِسْنَادِيّ"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "podčineno izrečenie",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "подчинено изречение"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "cóngjù",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "從句 /从句"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "věta"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "lause"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Nebensatz"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "psukít",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פסוקית"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mellékmondat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposizione"
},
{
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "節"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"lang_code": "mn",
"roman": "gišüün ögüülber",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "гишүүн өгүүлбэр"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "farākard",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "فراکرد"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zdanie składowe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "vế câu"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"word": "mệnh đề"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "grammar: group of words which include a subject and any necessary predicate",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "jumla",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "جُمْلَة"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "naxadasutʻyun",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "նախադասություն"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlə"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "fēnjù",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "分句"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nevenschikking"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bijzin"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "lauseke"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Teilsatz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "tagmondat"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"alt": "せつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "setsu",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "節"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"lang_code": "nrf",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "proposition"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "oração"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"note": "also: sentence",
"roman": "predložénije",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "предложе́ние"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"lang_code": "gd",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clàs"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "sats"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"lang_code": "tl",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "sugnay"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"word": "cümlecik"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "grammar: verb along with a subject and modifiers",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"roman": "band",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بَنْد"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "hodvac",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "հոդված"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "klauza",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клауза"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "paragraf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "параграф"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clàusula"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzule"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausule"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ehto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "sopimusehto"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klausuuli"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clause"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Klausel"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "rítra",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ρήτρα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "óros",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "όρος"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"lang_code": "he",
"roman": "seíf",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "סעיף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "záradék"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"english": "section of a legal document",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"translation": "section of a legal document",
"word": "cikkely"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "paragrafus"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "klauzo"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clásal"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "foráil"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "agús"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "clausola"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "klauzula"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "artigo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "cláusula"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "klausul"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "ibare"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "punkt",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "пункт"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "stattja",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "стаття"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều khoản"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"word": "điều"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "legal: separate part of a contract",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cymal"
}
],
"word": "clause"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)kleh₂w-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Icelandic translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz",
"Rhymes:English/ɔːz/1 syllable",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Interlingua translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"enm:Textual division"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Middle English clause",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "clause"
},
"expansion": "Old French clause",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "clausa"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin clausa",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "clausus"
},
"expansion": "Latin clausus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)kleh₂w-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English clause, claus, borrowed from Old French clause, from Medieval Latin clausa (Latin diminutive clausula (“close, end; a clause, close of a period”)), from Latin clausus, past participle of claudere (“to shut, close”). See close, its doublet.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "clauses",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "clausing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "claused",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "clause (third-person singular simple present clauses, present participle clausing, simple past and past participle claused)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Shipping"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
24
]
],
"ref": "1970, Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Report of the session, number 11:",
"text": "The question of clausing the bills of lading, so as to avoid \"dirtying\", which impairs its negotiability, may also be looked into",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"ref": "1978, Samir Mankabady, The Hamburg rules on the carriage of goods by sea, page 215:",
"text": "Any attempt to clause a Bill of Lading will be strenuously resisted by shippers, and they will obtain clean bills in the usual ways",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
130,
138
]
],
"ref": "1990, Alan Mitchelhill, Bills of lading: law and practice:",
"text": "It was held that the bills of lading presented were in this case 'clean' as they contained no reservations by way of endorsement, clausing or otherwise to suggest that the goods were defective",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
99,
106
]
],
"ref": "2004, Martin Dockra with Katherine Reece Thomas, Cases & materials on the carriage of goods by sea, page 104:",
"text": "There is little authority in English law dealing with the liability of a carrier who unnecessarily clauses a bill of lading.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"links": [
[
"shipping",
"shipping#Noun"
],
[
"amend",
"amend"
],
[
"bill of lading",
"bill of lading"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, shipping) To amend (a bill of lading or similar document)."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"economics",
"sciences",
"shipping",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/klɔːz/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɔz/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/klɑz/",
"tags": [
"cot-caught-merger"
]
},
{
"audio": "en-us-clause.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg/En-us-clause.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/En-us-clause.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "claws"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔːz"
}
],
"word": "clause"
}
Download raw JSONL data for clause meaning in English (32.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.