See baron in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baron and femme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baron-bailie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baron court"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronic"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronize"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronship"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "barony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "beer baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "booze baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "court-baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "court baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "covert baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drug baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "oil baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "porn baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robber-baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "robber baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "tech baron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ML."
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "baroun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English baroun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "baron"
},
"expansion": "Old French baron",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "baro",
"4": "barōnem",
"id": "man"
},
"expansion": "Latin barōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*barō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *barō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to bear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "baro",
"t": "human being, man, freeman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bora",
"t": "a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler"
},
"expansion": "Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorn",
"t": "man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorn (“man, warrior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bar-",
"3": "",
"4": "hero"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English baroun, from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem, from Proto-West Germanic *barō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”), Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”), and perhaps to Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of \"man, human being\".\nA Celtic origin has also been suggested; see the quote under sense 3 of Latin barō. However, the OED takes the hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "baron (plural barons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baroness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronetcy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "baronne"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The male ruler of a barony."
],
"id": "en-baron-en-noun-BaI-Wsco",
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"barony",
"barony"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arhond"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bārōn",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "բարոն"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "barón",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "баро́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baró"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nánjué",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "男爵"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barono"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "parun"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "vabahärra"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barónur"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "vapaaherra"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "paroni"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freiherr"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "varónos",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βαρόνος"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "pālona"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barona"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "báró"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barono"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baronulo"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baroni"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barún"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "barúin"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barone"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"alt": "だんしゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "danshaku",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "男爵"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kʰun",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "ឃុន"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namjak",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "남작"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"Medieval",
"masculine"
],
"word": "barō"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barons"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brīvkungs"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baronas"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барон"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ashan-i hafan",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠨ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "parena"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "bĕran",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बॅरन"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bâron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þeġn"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barão"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "barón",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "баро́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baruni"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "แบรอน"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "บารอน"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "nam tước"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baonan"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 18 1 0 1 0 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "באַראָן"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
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{
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"glosses": [
"A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord)."
],
"id": "en-baron-en-noun-d721DiUo",
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
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[
"lord",
"lord"
]
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"ref": "2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:",
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{
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"_dis": "2 9 30 13 29 14 3",
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"_dis": "2 11 29 13 28 15 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 9 32 13 29 13 3",
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"ref": "1960, Hugh J. Klare, Anatomy of Prison, page 33:",
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},
{
"ref": "1961, Peter Baker, Time out of life, page 51:",
"text": "Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco.",
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},
{
"ref": "1980, Leonard Michaels, Christopher Ricks, The State of the Language, page 525:",
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[
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[
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[
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[
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"_dis": "2 11 29 13 28 15 3",
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{
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"_dis": "1 10 25 11 26 14 12",
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"_dis": "1 13 16 13 35 19 3",
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{
"_dis": "2 9 32 13 29 13 3",
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "2 11 19 12 34 19 3",
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"text": "Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox.",
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],
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{
"_dis": "2 11 29 13 28 15 3",
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{
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{
"_dis": "2 9 30 13 29 14 3",
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{
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: wife"
},
{
"text": "baron and femme ― husband and wife",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A husband."
],
"id": "en-baron-en-noun-SD9Sd3fa",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, obsolete) A husband."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbæɹən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-baron.wav",
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},
{
"enpr": "bă'rən",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbæɹən/",
"note": "without the Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛəɹən/",
"note": "Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɹən"
},
{
"homophone": "barren"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 5 45 41 3 5 0",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vlastelin",
"sense": "person of power and influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "властелин"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 5 45 41 3 5 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person of power and influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:baron"
],
"word": "baron"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English male equivalent nouns",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 24 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æɹən",
"Rhymes:English/æɹən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Asturian translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Faroese translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hawaiian translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Khmer translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Lithuanian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Norman translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Old English translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Thai translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Terms with Volapük translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations",
"en:Limenitidine butterflies",
"en:Nobility",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "baron and femme"
},
{
"word": "baron-bailie"
},
{
"word": "baron court"
},
{
"word": "baronic"
},
{
"word": "baronize"
},
{
"word": "baronry"
},
{
"word": "baronship"
},
{
"word": "barony"
},
{
"word": "beer baron"
},
{
"word": "booze baron"
},
{
"word": "court-baron"
},
{
"word": "court baron"
},
{
"word": "covert baron"
},
{
"word": "drug baron"
},
{
"word": "oil baron"
},
{
"word": "porn baron"
},
{
"word": "robber-baron"
},
{
"word": "robber baron"
},
{
"word": "tech baron"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "ML."
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "baroun"
},
"expansion": "Middle English baroun",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "baron"
},
"expansion": "Old French baron",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "baro",
"4": "barōnem",
"id": "man"
},
"expansion": "Latin barōnem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*barō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *barō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-",
"t": "to bear"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "baro",
"t": "human being, man, freeman"
},
"expansion": "Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bora",
"t": "a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler"
},
"expansion": "Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "beorn",
"t": "man, warrior"
},
"expansion": "Old English beorn (“man, warrior”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Celtic",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bar-",
"3": "",
"4": "hero"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English baroun, from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem, from Proto-West Germanic *barō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”), Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”), and perhaps to Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of \"man, human being\".\nA Celtic origin has also been suggested; see the quote under sense 3 of Latin barō. However, the OED takes the hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "barons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "baron (plural barons)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "baroness"
},
{
"word": "baronetcy"
},
{
"word": "baronial"
},
{
"word": "baronne"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"The male ruler of a barony."
],
"links": [
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"barony",
"barony"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord)."
],
"links": [
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"nobility",
"nobility"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1948, George Orwell, Such, Such Were the Joys:",
"text": "There were a few exotics among them — some South American boys, sons of Argentine beef barons, one or two Russians, and even a Siamese prince, or someone who was described as a prince.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:",
"text": "British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "magnate"
},
{
"word": "tycoon"
},
{
"word": "important person"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English prison slang",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1960, Hugh J. Klare, Anatomy of Prison, page 33:",
"text": "The first thing a baron does is to accumulate a supply of tobacco. He spends every penny he can earn on laying it in […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1961, Peter Baker, Time out of life, page 51:",
"text": "Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Leonard Michaels, Christopher Ricks, The State of the Language, page 525:",
"text": "In British prisons tobacco still remains the gold standard which is made to back every transaction and promise. The official allowance is barely sufficient for individual smoking needs, but tobacco may expensively be borrowed or bought from a baron, possibly through his runner.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco."
],
"links": [
[
"prison",
"prison"
],
[
"slang",
"slang"
],
[
"prisoner",
"prisoner"
],
[
"power",
"power"
],
[
"influence",
"influence"
],
[
"lend",
"lend"
],
[
"sell",
"sell"
],
[
"tobacco",
"tobacco"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(UK, prison slang) A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco."
],
"tags": [
"UK",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 34”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:",
"text": "Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin."
],
"links": [
[
"baron of beef",
"baron of beef"
],
[
"double sirloin",
"double sirloin"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euthalia."
],
"links": [
[
"nymphalid",
"nymphalid"
],
[
"Euthalia",
"Euthalia#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"en:Law"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Coordinate term: wife"
},
{
"text": "baron and femme ― husband and wife",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A husband."
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"husband",
"husband"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law, obsolete) A husband."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbæɹən/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-baron.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"enpr": "bă'rən",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbæɹən/",
"note": "without the Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛəɹən/",
"note": "Mary–marry–merry merger"
},
{
"rhymes": "-æɹən"
},
{
"homophone": "barren"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "arhond"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bārōn",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "բարոն"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "barón",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "баро́н"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baró"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "nánjué",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "男爵"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barono"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "parun"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "vabahärra"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barónur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "vapaaherra"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "paroni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Baron"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Freiherr"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "varónos",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βαρόνος"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "pālona"
},
{
"code": "haw",
"lang": "Hawaiian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barona"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "báró"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barono"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baronulo"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baroni"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barún"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "barúin"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barone"
},
{
"alt": "だんしゃく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "danshaku",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "男爵"
},
{
"code": "km",
"lang": "Khmer",
"roman": "kʰun",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "ឃុន"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "namjak",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "남작"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"Medieval",
"masculine"
],
"word": "barō"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "barons"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "brīvkungs"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baronas"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "барон"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "ashan-i hafan",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "parena"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "bĕran",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "बॅरन"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bâron"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "ang",
"lang": "Old English",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "þeġn"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "bâron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "بارون"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barão"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "barón",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "баро́н"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baruni"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "barón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "แบรอน"
},
{
"code": "th",
"lang": "Thai",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "บารอน"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baron"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "nam tước"
},
{
"code": "vo",
"lang": "Volapük",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"word": "baonan"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "baron",
"sense": "male ruler of a barony",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "באַראָן"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "vlastelin",
"sense": "person of power and influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "властелин"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "person of power and influence",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "baron"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:baron"
],
"word": "baron"
}
Download raw JSONL data for baron meaning in English (17.0kB)
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "baron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English male equivalent nouns\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Late Latin\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 24 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/æɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Limenitidine butterflies\", \"en:Nobility\", \"en:People\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"baron and femme\"}, {\"word\": \"baron-bailie\"}, {\"word\": \"baron court\"}, {\"word\": \"baronic\"}, {\"word\": \"baronize\"}, {\"word\": \"baronry\"}, {\"word\": \"baronship\"}, {\"word\": \"barony\"}, {\"word\": \"beer baron\"}, {\"word\": \"booze baron\"}, {\"word\": \"court-baron\"}, {\"word\": \"court baron\"}, {\"word\": \"covert baron\"}, {\"word\": \"drug baron\"}, {\"word\": \"oil baron\"}, {\"word\": \"porn baron\"}, {\"word\": \"robber-baron\"}, {\"word\": \"robber baron\"}, {\"word\": \"tech baron\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"LL.\", \"3\": \"ML.\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"baroun\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English baroun\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"baron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French baron\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"baro\", \"4\": \"barōnem\", \"id\": \"man\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin barōnem\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*barō\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *barō\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*bʰer-\", \"t\": \"to bear\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"baro\", \"t\": \"human being, man, freeman\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"bora\", \"t\": \"a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"beorn\", \"t\": \"man, warrior\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English beorn (“man, warrior”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cel\", \"2\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Celtic\", \"name\": \"noncog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cel-pro\", \"2\": \"*bar-\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"hero\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English baroun, from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem, from Proto-West Germanic *barō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”), Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”), and perhaps to Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of \\\"man, human being\\\".\\nA Celtic origin has also been suggested; see the quote under sense 3 of Latin barō. However, the OED takes the hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"barons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"baron (plural barons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"baroness\"}, {\"word\": \"baronetcy\"}, {\"word\": \"baronial\"}, {\"word\": \"baronne\"}], \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"The male ruler of a barony.\"], \"links\": [[\"ruler\", \"ruler\"], [\"barony\", \"barony\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord).\"], \"links\": [[\"rank\", \"rank\"], [\"nobility\", \"nobility\"], [\"lord\", \"lord\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1948, George Orwell, Such, Such Were the Joys:\", \"text\": \"There were a few exotics among them — some South American boys, sons of Argentine beef barons, one or two Russians, and even a Siamese prince, or someone who was described as a prince.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:\", \"text\": \"British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by extension) A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"magnate\"}, {\"word\": \"tycoon\"}, {\"word\": \"important person\"}], \"tags\": [\"broadly\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English prison slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1960, Hugh J. Klare, Anatomy of Prison, page 33:\", \"text\": \"The first thing a baron does is to accumulate a supply of tobacco. He spends every penny he can earn on laying it in […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1961, Peter Baker, Time out of life, page 51:\", \"text\": \"Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1980, Leonard Michaels, Christopher Ricks, The State of the Language, page 525:\", \"text\": \"In British prisons tobacco still remains the gold standard which is made to back every transaction and promise. The official allowance is barely sufficient for individual smoking needs, but tobacco may expensively be borrowed or bought from a baron, possibly through his runner.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco.\"], \"links\": [[\"prison\", \"prison\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"prisoner\", \"prisoner\"], [\"power\", \"power\"], [\"influence\", \"influence\"], [\"lend\", \"lend\"], [\"sell\", \"sell\"], [\"tobacco\", \"tobacco\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, prison slang) A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 34”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin.\"], \"links\": [[\"baron of beef\", \"baron of beef\"], [\"double sirloin\", \"double sirloin\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euthalia.\"], \"links\": [[\"nymphalid\", \"nymphalid\"], [\"Euthalia\", \"Euthalia#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"en:Law\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Coordinate term: wife\"}, {\"text\": \"baron and femme ― husband and wife\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A husband.\"], \"links\": [[\"law\", \"law#English\"], [\"husband\", \"husband\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(law, obsolete) A husband.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"topics\": [\"law\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈbæɹən/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-baron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bă'rən\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbæɹən/\", \"note\": \"without the Mary–marry–merry merger\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɛəɹən/\", \"note\": \"Mary–marry–merry merger\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æɹən\"}, {\"homophone\": \"barren\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"arhond\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bārōn\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"բարոն\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"barón\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"баро́н\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baró\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nánjué\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"男爵\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barono\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"parun\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"vabahärra\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barónur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"vapaaherra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"paroni\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Baron\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Freiherr\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"varónos\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"βαρόνος\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"pālona\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barona\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"báró\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barono\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baronulo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baroni\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barún\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"barúin\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barone\"}, {\"alt\": \"だんしゃく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"danshaku\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"男爵\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kʰun\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"ឃុន\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namjak\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"남작\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"Medieval\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barō\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barons\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"brīvkungs\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baronas\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"барон\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"ashan-i hafan\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠨ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"parena\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"bĕran\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"बॅरन\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bâron\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"þeġn\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"bâron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barão\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"barón\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"баро́н\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baruni\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"แบรอน\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"บารอน\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"nam tước\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baonan\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"באַראָן\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"vlastelin\", \"sense\": \"person of power and influence\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"властелин\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"person of power and influence\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:baron\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "baron",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "wiktionary/179/20240425uppercase_tags",
"msg": "baron/English/noun: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {\"categories\": [\"English countable nouns\", \"English entries with incorrect language header\", \"English lemmas\", \"English male equivalent nouns\", \"English nouns\", \"English terms derived from Late Latin\", \"English terms derived from Latin\", \"English terms derived from Medieval Latin\", \"English terms derived from Middle English\", \"English terms derived from Old French\", \"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European\", \"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic\", \"English terms inherited from Middle English\", \"English terms with homophones\", \"Entries with translation boxes\", \"Pages with 24 entries\", \"Pages with entries\", \"Rhymes:English/æɹən\", \"Rhymes:English/æɹən/2 syllables\", \"Terms with Albanian translations\", \"Terms with Arabic translations\", \"Terms with Armenian translations\", \"Terms with Asturian translations\", \"Terms with Azerbaijani translations\", \"Terms with Bulgarian translations\", \"Terms with Catalan translations\", \"Terms with Czech translations\", \"Terms with Danish translations\", \"Terms with Dutch translations\", \"Terms with Esperanto translations\", \"Terms with Estonian translations\", \"Terms with Faroese translations\", \"Terms with Finnish translations\", \"Terms with French translations\", \"Terms with Galician translations\", \"Terms with German translations\", \"Terms with Greek translations\", \"Terms with Hawaiian translations\", \"Terms with Hungarian translations\", \"Terms with Icelandic translations\", \"Terms with Ido translations\", \"Terms with Ingrian translations\", \"Terms with Irish translations\", \"Terms with Italian translations\", \"Terms with Japanese translations\", \"Terms with Khmer translations\", \"Terms with Korean translations\", \"Terms with Latin translations\", \"Terms with Latvian translations\", \"Terms with Lithuanian translations\", \"Terms with Macedonian translations\", \"Terms with Manchu translations\", \"Terms with Mandarin translations\", \"Terms with Maori translations\", \"Terms with Marathi translations\", \"Terms with Norman translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations\", \"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations\", \"Terms with Old English translations\", \"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Persian translations\", \"Terms with Polish translations\", \"Terms with Portuguese translations\", \"Terms with Russian translations\", \"Terms with Sicilian translations\", \"Terms with Slovene translations\", \"Terms with Spanish translations\", \"Terms with Swedish translations\", \"Terms with Thai translations\", \"Terms with Turkish translations\", \"Terms with Uzbek translations\", \"Terms with Vietnamese translations\", \"Terms with Volapük translations\", \"Terms with Yiddish translations\", \"en:Limenitidine butterflies\", \"en:Nobility\", \"en:People\"], \"derived\": [{\"word\": \"baron and femme\"}, {\"word\": \"baron-bailie\"}, {\"word\": \"baron court\"}, {\"word\": \"baronic\"}, {\"word\": \"baronize\"}, {\"word\": \"baronry\"}, {\"word\": \"baronship\"}, {\"word\": \"barony\"}, {\"word\": \"beer baron\"}, {\"word\": \"booze baron\"}, {\"word\": \"court-baron\"}, {\"word\": \"court baron\"}, {\"word\": \"covert baron\"}, {\"word\": \"drug baron\"}, {\"word\": \"oil baron\"}, {\"word\": \"porn baron\"}, {\"word\": \"robber-baron\"}, {\"word\": \"robber baron\"}, {\"word\": \"tech baron\"}], \"etymology_templates\": [{\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"LL.\", \"3\": \"ML.\"}, \"expansion\": \"\", \"name\": \"dercat\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"enm\", \"3\": \"baroun\"}, \"expansion\": \"Middle English baroun\", \"name\": \"inh\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"fro\", \"3\": \"baron\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old French baron\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"la\", \"3\": \"baro\", \"4\": \"barōnem\", \"id\": \"man\"}, \"expansion\": \"Latin barōnem\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"gmw-pro\", \"3\": \"*barō\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-West Germanic *barō\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"en\", \"2\": \"ine-pro\", \"3\": \"*bʰer-\", \"t\": \"to bear\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”)\", \"name\": \"der\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"goh\", \"2\": \"baro\", \"t\": \"human being, man, freeman\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"bora\", \"t\": \"a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"ang\", \"2\": \"beorn\", \"t\": \"man, warrior\"}, \"expansion\": \"Old English beorn (“man, warrior”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cel\", \"2\": \"-\"}, \"expansion\": \"Celtic\", \"name\": \"noncog\"}, {\"args\": {\"1\": \"cel-pro\", \"2\": \"*bar-\", \"3\": \"\", \"4\": \"hero\"}, \"expansion\": \"Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”)\", \"name\": \"cog\"}], \"etymology_text\": \"From Middle English baroun, from Old French baron, from Latin barōnem, from Proto-West Germanic *barō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear”). Cognate with Old High German baro (“human being, man, freeman”), Old English bora (“a man who bears responsibility, one who is in charge, a ruler”), and perhaps to Old English beorn (“man, warrior”). Used in early Germanic law in the sense of \\\"man, human being\\\".\\nA Celtic origin has also been suggested; see the quote under sense 3 of Latin barō. However, the OED takes the hypothetical Proto-Celtic *bar- (“hero”) to be a figment.\", \"forms\": [{\"form\": \"barons\", \"tags\": [\"plural\"]}], \"head_templates\": [{\"args\": {}, \"expansion\": \"baron (plural barons)\", \"name\": \"en-noun\"}], \"lang\": \"English\", \"lang_code\": \"en\", \"pos\": \"noun\", \"related\": [{\"word\": \"baroness\"}, {\"word\": \"baronetcy\"}, {\"word\": \"baronial\"}, {\"word\": \"baronne\"}], \"senses\": [{\"glosses\": [\"The male ruler of a barony.\"], \"links\": [[\"ruler\", \"ruler\"], [\"barony\", \"barony\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"A male member of the lowest rank of English nobility (the equivalent rank in Scotland is lord).\"], \"links\": [[\"rank\", \"rank\"], [\"nobility\", \"nobility\"], [\"lord\", \"lord\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"c. 1948, George Orwell, Such, Such Were the Joys:\", \"text\": \"There were a few exotics among them — some South American boys, sons of Argentine beef barons, one or two Russians, and even a Siamese prince, or someone who was described as a prince.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:\", \"text\": \"British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics.\"], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(by extension) A person of great power in society, especially in business and politics.\"], \"synonyms\": [{\"word\": \"magnate\"}, {\"word\": \"tycoon\"}, {\"word\": \"important person\"}], \"tags\": [\"broadly\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"British English\", \"English prison slang\", \"English terms with quotations\", \"Quotation templates to be cleaned\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1960, Hugh J. Klare, Anatomy of Prison, page 33:\", \"text\": \"The first thing a baron does is to accumulate a supply of tobacco. He spends every penny he can earn on laying it in […]\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1961, Peter Baker, Time out of life, page 51:\", \"text\": \"Nevertheless, from my own agonies of the first few months, after which I did not miss smoking at all, I could appreciate the need of others. It was in this atmosphere of craving that the 'barons' thrived. Barons are prisoners who lend tobacco.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}, {\"ref\": \"1980, Leonard Michaels, Christopher Ricks, The State of the Language, page 525:\", \"text\": \"In British prisons tobacco still remains the gold standard which is made to back every transaction and promise. The official allowance is barely sufficient for individual smoking needs, but tobacco may expensively be borrowed or bought from a baron, possibly through his runner.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco.\"], \"links\": [[\"prison\", \"prison\"], [\"slang\", \"slang\"], [\"prisoner\", \"prisoner\"], [\"power\", \"power\"], [\"influence\", \"influence\"], [\"lend\", \"lend\"], [\"sell\", \"sell\"], [\"tobacco\", \"tobacco\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(UK, prison slang) A prisoner who gains power and influence by lending or selling goods such as tobacco.\"], \"tags\": [\"UK\", \"slang\"]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with quotations\"], \"examples\": [{\"ref\": \"1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 34”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:\", \"text\": \"Such portentous appetites had Queequeg and Tashtego, that to fill out the vacancies made by the previous repast, often the pale Dough-Boy was fain to bring on a great baron of salt-junk, seemingly quarried out of the solid ox.\", \"type\": \"quote\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A baron of beef, a cut made up of a double sirloin.\"], \"links\": [[\"baron of beef\", \"baron of beef\"], [\"double sirloin\", \"double sirloin\"]]}, {\"glosses\": [\"Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the genus Euthalia.\"], \"links\": [[\"nymphalid\", \"nymphalid\"], [\"Euthalia\", \"Euthalia#Translingual\"]]}, {\"categories\": [\"English terms with collocations\", \"English terms with obsolete senses\", \"en:Law\"], \"examples\": [{\"text\": \"Coordinate term: wife\"}, {\"text\": \"baron and femme ― husband and wife\", \"type\": \"example\"}], \"glosses\": [\"A husband.\"], \"links\": [[\"law\", \"law#English\"], [\"husband\", \"husband\"]], \"raw_glosses\": [\"(law, obsolete) A husband.\"], \"tags\": [\"obsolete\"], \"topics\": [\"law\"]}], \"sounds\": [{\"ipa\": \"/ˈbæɹən/\", \"tags\": [\"Received-Pronunciation\"]}, {\"audio\": \"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-baron.wav\", \"mp3_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav.mp3\", \"ogg_url\": \"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-baron.wav.ogg\"}, {\"enpr\": \"bă'rən\", \"tags\": [\"General-American\"]}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbæɹən/\", \"note\": \"without the Mary–marry–merry merger\"}, {\"ipa\": \"/ˈbɛəɹən/\", \"note\": \"Mary–marry–merry merger\"}, {\"rhymes\": \"-æɹən\"}, {\"homophone\": \"barren\"}], \"translations\": [{\"code\": \"sq\", \"lang\": \"Albanian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"arhond\"}, {\"code\": \"ar\", \"lang\": \"Arabic\", \"roman\": \"bārōn\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"hy\", \"lang\": \"Armenian\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"բարոն\"}, {\"code\": \"ast\", \"lang\": \"Asturian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"az\", \"lang\": \"Azerbaijani\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"bg\", \"lang\": \"Bulgarian\", \"roman\": \"barón\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"баро́н\"}, {\"code\": \"ca\", \"lang\": \"Catalan\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baró\"}, {\"code\": \"cmn\", \"lang\": \"Chinese Mandarin\", \"roman\": \"nánjué\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"男爵\"}, {\"code\": \"cs\", \"lang\": \"Czech\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"da\", \"lang\": \"Danish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"nl\", \"lang\": \"Dutch\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"eo\", \"lang\": \"Esperanto\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barono\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"parun\"}, {\"code\": \"et\", \"lang\": \"Estonian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"vabahärra\"}, {\"code\": \"fo\", \"lang\": \"Faroese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barónur\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"vapaaherra\"}, {\"code\": \"fi\", \"lang\": \"Finnish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"paroni\"}, {\"code\": \"fr\", \"lang\": \"French\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"gl\", \"lang\": \"Galician\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Baron\"}, {\"code\": \"de\", \"lang\": \"German\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"Freiherr\"}, {\"code\": \"el\", \"lang\": \"Greek\", \"roman\": \"varónos\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"βαρόνος\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"pālona\"}, {\"code\": \"haw\", \"lang\": \"Hawaiian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barona\"}, {\"code\": \"hu\", \"lang\": \"Hungarian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"báró\"}, {\"code\": \"is\", \"lang\": \"Icelandic\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barono\"}, {\"code\": \"io\", \"lang\": \"Ido\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baronulo\"}, {\"code\": \"izh\", \"lang\": \"Ingrian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baroni\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barún\"}, {\"code\": \"ga\", \"lang\": \"Irish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\", \"plural\"], \"word\": \"barúin\"}, {\"code\": \"it\", \"lang\": \"Italian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barone\"}, {\"alt\": \"だんしゃく\", \"code\": \"ja\", \"lang\": \"Japanese\", \"roman\": \"danshaku\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"男爵\"}, {\"code\": \"km\", \"lang\": \"Khmer\", \"roman\": \"kʰun\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"ឃុន\"}, {\"code\": \"ko\", \"lang\": \"Korean\", \"roman\": \"namjak\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"남작\"}, {\"code\": \"la\", \"lang\": \"Latin\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"Medieval\", \"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barō\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"barons\"}, {\"code\": \"lv\", \"lang\": \"Latvian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"brīvkungs\"}, {\"code\": \"lt\", \"lang\": \"Lithuanian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baronas\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"барон\"}, {\"code\": \"mnc\", \"lang\": \"Manchu\", \"roman\": \"ashan-i hafan\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"ᠠᠰᡥᠠᠨ ᡳ ᡥᠠᡶᠠᠨ\"}, {\"code\": \"mi\", \"lang\": \"Maori\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"parena\"}, {\"code\": \"mr\", \"lang\": \"Marathi\", \"roman\": \"bĕran\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"बॅरन\"}, {\"code\": \"nrf\", \"lang\": \"Norman\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"bâron\"}, {\"code\": \"nb\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Bokmål\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"nn\", \"lang\": \"Norwegian Nynorsk\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"ang\", \"lang\": \"Old English\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"þeġn\"}, {\"code\": \"ota\", \"lang\": \"Ottoman Turkish\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"fa\", \"lang\": \"Persian\", \"roman\": \"bâron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"بارون\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"pt\", \"lang\": \"Portuguese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barão\"}, {\"code\": \"ru\", \"lang\": \"Russian\", \"roman\": \"barón\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"баро́н\"}, {\"code\": \"scn\", \"lang\": \"Sicilian\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baruni\"}, {\"code\": \"sl\", \"lang\": \"Slovene\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"es\", \"lang\": \"Spanish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"barón\"}, {\"code\": \"sv\", \"lang\": \"Swedish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"common-gender\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"แบรอน\"}, {\"code\": \"th\", \"lang\": \"Thai\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"บารอน\"}, {\"code\": \"tr\", \"lang\": \"Turkish\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"uz\", \"lang\": \"Uzbek\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baron\"}, {\"code\": \"vi\", \"lang\": \"Vietnamese\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"nam tước\"}, {\"code\": \"vo\", \"lang\": \"Volapük\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"word\": \"baonan\"}, {\"code\": \"yi\", \"lang\": \"Yiddish\", \"roman\": \"baron\", \"sense\": \"male ruler of a barony\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"באַראָן\"}, {\"code\": \"mk\", \"lang\": \"Macedonian\", \"roman\": \"vlastelin\", \"sense\": \"person of power and influence\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"властелин\"}, {\"code\": \"pl\", \"lang\": \"Polish\", \"sense\": \"person of power and influence\", \"tags\": [\"masculine\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}], \"wikipedia\": [\"en:baron\"], \"word\": \"baron\"}",
"path": [],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "baron",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.