See jou in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for jou meaning in Dutch (20.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: jou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: jou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "jāu"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: jāu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: jāu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pey",
"2": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Petjo: jou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Petjo: jou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skw",
"2": "asu"
},
"expansion": "Skepi Creole Dutch: asu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skepi Creole Dutch: asu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch jou",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*jū"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *jū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*iu"
},
"expansion": "*iu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*iwwiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *iwwiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*izwiz"
},
"expansion": "*izwiz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "u"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of u",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "'k",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "m'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "mijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "onzer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "onzes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jullie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hunne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hunner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "jou",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jou"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'll do this for you.",
"text": "Ik zal dit wel even doen voor jou.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Can I ask you something?",
"text": "Kan ik jou iets vragen?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I'm giving you my book to read.",
"text": "Ik geef jou mijn boek om te lezen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She bought a gift for you.",
"text": "Zij heeft een cadeau voor jou gekocht.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“you (singular)”): you",
"word": "jij"
}
],
"glosses": [
"objective form of jij (“you (singular)”): you"
],
"id": "en-jou-nl-pron-~uHCW68h",
"links": [
[
"jij",
"jij#Dutch"
],
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Brabant"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"objective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
},
{
"homophone": "jouw"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-jou.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg/Nl-jou.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "jou"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch jou",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*jū"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *jū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*iu"
},
"expansion": "*iu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*iwwiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *iwwiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*izwiz"
},
"expansion": "*izwiz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "u"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of u",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "jou",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jou"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 8 5 1 4 5 18 9 5 7 4 1 1 5 4 1 0 0 2 2 0 6 6 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 59 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 60 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 55 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jouen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-jou-nl-verb-PCHxrPFF",
"links": [
[
"jouen",
"jouen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jouen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-jou-nl-verb-~nZ6tRw3",
"links": [
[
"jouen",
"jouen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
},
{
"homophone": "jouw"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-jou.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg/Nl-jou.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "jou"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch doublets",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch personal pronouns",
"Dutch pronouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch terms with homophones",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian non-lemma forms",
"West Frisian verb forms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: jou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: jou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-jdt",
"2": "jāu"
},
"expansion": "Jersey Dutch: jāu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Jersey Dutch: jāu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pey",
"2": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Petjo: jou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Petjo: jou"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skw",
"2": "asu"
},
"expansion": "Skepi Creole Dutch: asu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Skepi Creole Dutch: asu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch jou",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*jū"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *jū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*iu"
},
"expansion": "*iu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*iwwiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *iwwiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*izwiz"
},
"expansion": "*izwiz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "u"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of u",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-personal pronouns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ik",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "'k",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "m'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "mijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "me",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "mijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "mijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jouws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjective",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "haar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "h'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "d'r",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hare",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "harer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "haars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"feminine",
"genitive",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"subjective",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"subjective",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "het",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "'t",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"objective",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "z'n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "zijne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"personal",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zijns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"neuter",
"personal",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "we",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "onze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "ons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"form": "onzer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "onzes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "jullie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "je",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "ge",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"dialectal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "u",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"stressed"
]
},
{
"form": "uwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uws",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zij",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ze",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"stressed",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person",
"unstressed"
]
},
{
"form": "hunne",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"personal",
"plural",
"possessive",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"reflexive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hunner",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "huns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"predicative",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "pronoun",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "jou",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jou"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-personal pronouns"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I'll do this for you.",
"text": "Ik zal dit wel even doen voor jou.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Can I ask you something?",
"text": "Kan ik jou iets vragen?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "I'm giving you my book to read.",
"text": "Ik geef jou mijn boek om te lezen.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "She bought a gift for you.",
"text": "Zij heeft een cadeau voor jou gekocht.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“you (singular)”): you",
"word": "jij"
}
],
"glosses": [
"objective form of jij (“you (singular)”): you"
],
"links": [
[
"jij",
"jij#Dutch"
],
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"objective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
},
{
"homophone": "jouw"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-jou.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg/Nl-jou.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Brabant"
],
"word": "a"
},
{
"word": "u"
},
{
"word": "U"
}
],
"word": "jou"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch doublets",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch personal pronouns",
"Dutch pronouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch terms with homophones",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable",
"West Frisian entries with incorrect language header",
"West Frisian non-lemma forms",
"West Frisian verb forms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "jou"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch jou",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*jū"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *jū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*iu"
},
"expansion": "*iu",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*iwwiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *iwwiz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*izwiz"
},
"expansion": "*izwiz",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "u"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of u",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch jou, from Old Dutch *jū, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iu, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, a West Germanic variant of *izwiz. Doublet of u.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "jou",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"jou"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jouen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"jouen",
"jouen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "jouen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"jouen",
"jouen#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of jouen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
},
{
"homophone": "jouw"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-jou.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg/Nl-jou.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Nl-jou.ogg",
"text": "audio"
}
],
"word": "jou"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 1st person",
"path": [
"jou"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "jou",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"jou"
],
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}
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"path": [
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],
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}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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"path": [
"jou"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
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"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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"path": [
"jou"
],
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}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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{
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{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
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{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Dutch]; cleaned text: 3rd person",
"path": [
"jou"
],
"section": "Dutch",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "jou",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.