"jouw" meaning in Dutch

See jouw in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Determiner

IPA: /jɑu̯/ Audio: Nl-jouw.ogg
Rhymes: -ɑu̯ Etymology: From Middle Dutch juwe, from Old Dutch *jūwa, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iuwa, from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Doublet of uw. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|juwe}} Middle Dutch juwe, {{inh|nl|odt|*jūwa}} Old Dutch *jūwa, {{der|nl|gmw-fri|-}} Frisian, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*iuwar}} Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*izweraz}} Proto-Germanic *izweraz, {{doublet|nl|uw}} Doublet of uw Head templates: {{head|nl|determiner|dependent possessive, independent possessive|jouwe|contracted form|je}} jouw (dependent possessive, independent possessive jouwe, contracted form je) Forms: jouwe [independent, possessive], form je [contracted], no-table-tags [table-tags], ik [first-person, singular, stressed, subjective], 'k [first-person, singular, subjective, unstressed], mij [first-person, objective, singular, stressed], me [first-person, objective, singular, unstressed], mijn [first-person, possessive, singular, stressed], m'n [first-person, possessive, singular, unstressed], mijne [first-person, possessive, predicative], me [first-person, possessive, predicative, reflexive], mijner [archaic, first-person, genitive, predicative], mijns [archaic, first-person, genitive, predicative], jij [second-person, singular, stressed, subjective], je [second-person, singular, subjective, unstressed], jou [objective, second-person, singular, stressed], je [objective, second-person, singular, unstressed], jouw [possessive, second-person, singular, stressed], je [possessive, second-person, singular, unstressed], jouwe [possessive, predicative, second-person], je [possessive, predicative, reflexive, second-person], jouwer [archaic, genitive, predicative, second-person], jouws [archaic, genitive, predicative, second-person], gij [archaic, dialectal, second-person, singular, stressed, subjective], ge [archaic, dialectal, second-person, singular, subjective, unstressed], u [archaic, dialectal, objective, second-person, singular, stressed], - [archaic, dialectal, objective, second-person, singular, unstressed], uw [archaic, dialectal, possessive, second-person, singular, stressed], - [archaic, dialectal, possessive, second-person, singular, unstressed], uwe [archaic, dialectal, possessive, predicative, second-person], u [archaic, dialectal, possessive, predicative, reflexive, second-person], uwer [archaic, dialectal, genitive, predicative, second-person], uws [archaic, dialectal, genitive, predicative, second-person], u [formal, second-person, singular, stressed, subjective], - [formal, second-person, singular, subjective, unstressed], u [formal, objective, second-person, singular, stressed], - [formal, objective, second-person, singular, unstressed], uw [formal, possessive, second-person, singular, stressed], - [formal, possessive, second-person, singular, unstressed], uwe [formal, possessive, predicative, second-person], u [formal, possessive, predicative, reflexive, second-person], zich [formal, possessive, predicative, reflexive, second-person], uwer [archaic, formal, genitive, predicative, second-person], uws [archaic, formal, genitive, predicative, second-person], hij [masculine, singular, stressed, subjective, third-person], ie [masculine, singular, subjective, third-person, unstressed], hem [masculine, objective, singular, stressed, third-person], 'm [masculine, objective, singular, third-person, unstressed], zijn [masculine, possessive, singular, stressed, third-person], z'n [masculine, possessive, singular, third-person, unstressed], zijne [masculine, possessive, predicative, third-person], zich [masculine, possessive, predicative, reflexive, third-person], zijner [archaic, genitive, masculine, predicative, third-person], zijns [archaic, genitive, masculine, predicative, third-person], zij [feminine, singular, stressed, subjective, third-person], ze [feminine, singular, subjective, third-person, unstressed], haar [feminine, objective, singular, stressed, third-person], h'r [feminine, objective, singular, third-person, unstressed], 'r [feminine, objective, singular, third-person, unstressed], d'r [feminine, objective, singular, third-person, unstressed], haar [feminine, possessive, singular, stressed, third-person], h'r [feminine, possessive, singular, third-person, unstressed], 'r [feminine, possessive, singular, third-person, unstressed], d'r [feminine, possessive, singular, third-person, unstressed], hare [feminine, possessive, predicative, third-person], zich [feminine, possessive, predicative, reflexive, third-person], harer [archaic, feminine, genitive, predicative, third-person], haars [archaic, feminine, genitive, predicative, third-person], het [neuter, singular, stressed, subjective, third-person], 't [neuter, singular, subjective, third-person, unstressed], het [neuter, objective, singular, stressed, third-person], 't [neuter, objective, singular, third-person, unstressed], zijn [neuter, possessive, singular, stressed, third-person], z'n [neuter, possessive, singular, third-person, unstressed], zijne [neuter, possessive, predicative, third-person], zich [neuter, possessive, predicative, reflexive, third-person], zijner [archaic, genitive, neuter, predicative, third-person], zijns [archaic, genitive, neuter, predicative, third-person], hen [error-unrecognized-form, singular, stressed, subjective], - [error-unrecognized-form, singular, subjective, unstressed], hen [error-unrecognized-form, objective, singular, stressed], - [error-unrecognized-form, objective, singular, unstressed], hun [error-unrecognized-form, possessive, singular, stressed], - [error-unrecognized-form, possessive, singular, unstressed], hunne [error-unrecognized-form, possessive, predicative], zich [error-unrecognized-form, possessive, predicative, reflexive], hunner [archaic, error-unrecognized-form, genitive, predicative], huns [archaic, error-unrecognized-form, genitive, predicative], wij [first-person, plural, stressed, subjective], we [first-person, plural, subjective, unstressed], ons [first-person, objective, plural, stressed], - [first-person, objective, plural, unstressed], ons [first-person, plural, possessive, stressed], onze [first-person, plural, possessive, stressed], - [first-person, plural, possessive, unstressed], onze [first-person, possessive, predicative], ons [first-person, possessive, predicative, reflexive], onzer [archaic, first-person, genitive, predicative], onzes [archaic, first-person, genitive, predicative], jullie [plural, second-person, stressed, subjective], je [plural, second-person, subjective, unstressed], jullie [objective, plural, second-person, stressed], je [objective, plural, second-person, unstressed], jullie [plural, possessive, second-person, stressed], je [plural, possessive, second-person, unstressed], - [possessive, predicative, second-person], - [archaic, genitive, predicative, second-person], gij [archaic, dialectal, plural, second-person, stressed, subjective], ge [archaic, dialectal, plural, second-person, subjective, unstressed], u [archaic, dialectal, objective, plural, second-person, stressed], - [archaic, dialectal, objective, plural, second-person, unstressed], uw [archaic, dialectal, plural, possessive, second-person, stressed], - [archaic, dialectal, plural, possessive, second-person, unstressed], u [formal, plural, second-person, stressed, subjective], - [formal, plural, second-person, subjective, unstressed], u [formal, objective, plural, second-person, stressed], - [formal, objective, plural, second-person, unstressed], uw [formal, plural, possessive, second-person, stressed], - [formal, plural, possessive, second-person, unstressed], zij [plural, stressed, subjective, third-person], ze [plural, subjective, third-person, unstressed], hen [objective, plural, stressed, third-person], hun [objective, plural, stressed, third-person], ze [objective, plural, third-person, unstressed], hun [plural, possessive, stressed, third-person], - [plural, possessive, third-person, unstressed], hunne [possessive, predicative, third-person], zich [possessive, predicative, reflexive, third-person], hunner [archaic, genitive, predicative, third-person], huns [archaic, genitive, predicative, third-person]
  1. your; second-person singular possessive determiner Tags: dependent, possessive
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-det-NgCeMdwe Categories (other): Dutch determiners, Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Dutch possessive determiners, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 22 9 4 29 28 8 Disambiguation of Dutch possessive determiners: 49 2 2 22 22 3 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 26 2 2 34 34 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 2 2 34 34 2
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Interjection

IPA: /jɑu̯/ Audio: Nl-jouw.ogg
Rhymes: -ɑu̯ Head templates: {{head|nl|interjection}} jouw
  1. Expression of scorn.
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-intj-fwSqh0Kc
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun

IPA: /jɑu̯/ Audio: Nl-jouw.ogg
Rhymes: -ɑu̯ Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-|-}} jouw m (uncountable, no diminutive)
  1. a jeer Tags: masculine, no-diminutive, uncountable Derived forms: jouwen
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-noun-qubiS8HD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /jɑu̯/ Audio: Nl-jouw.ogg
Rhymes: -ɑu̯ Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|nl|verb form}} jouw
  1. inflection of jouwen:
    first-person singular present indicative     Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: jouwen
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-verb-2aJXagwT Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 22 9 4 29 28 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 26 2 2 34 34 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 2 2 34 34 2
  2. inflection of jouwen:
    (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative     Tags: form-of, indicative, present, second-person, singular Form of: jouwen
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-verb-8Nk2b2HB Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 22 9 4 29 28 8 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 26 2 2 34 34 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 27 2 2 34 34 2
  3. inflection of jouwen:
    imperative     Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: jouwen
    Sense id: en-jouw-nl-verb-4VvvwokO
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Jersey Dutch",
      "lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
      "word": "jāu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "juwe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch juwe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*jūwa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *jūwa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-fri",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Frisian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*iuwar"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *iuwar",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*izweraz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *izweraz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "uw"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of uw",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch juwe, from Old Dutch *jūwa, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iuwa, from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Doublet of uw.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jouwe",
      "tags": [
        "independent",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "form je",
      "tags": [
        "contracted"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'k",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "m'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ge",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "z'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "h'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "d'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "h'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "d'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "z'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "huns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "we",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onzer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onzes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ge",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "huns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "determiner",
        "3": "dependent possessive, independent possessive",
        "4": "jouwe",
        "5": "contracted form",
        "6": "je"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw (dependent possessive, independent possessive jouwe, contracted form je)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch determiners",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 9 4 29 28 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 2 2 22 22 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch possessive determiners",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "your; second-person singular possessive determiner"
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-det-NgCeMdwe",
      "links": [
        [
          "your",
          "your"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dependent",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "interjection"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Expression of scorn."
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-intj-fwSqh0Kc"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw m (uncountable, no diminutive)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a jeer"
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-noun-qubiS8HD",
      "links": [
        [
          "jeer",
          "jeer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "no-diminutive",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 9 4 29 28 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-verb-2aJXagwT",
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 9 4 29 28 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 2 2 34 34 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-verb-8Nk2b2HB",
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-jouw-nl-verb-4VvvwokO",
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch determiners",
    "Dutch doublets",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch possessive determiners",
    "Dutch terms derived from Frisian languages",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Jersey Dutch",
      "lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
      "word": "jāu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "juwe"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch juwe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*jūwa"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *jūwa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-fri",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Frisian",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*iuwar"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *iuwar",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*izweraz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *izweraz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "uw"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of uw",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch juwe, from Old Dutch *jūwa, a northern (Frisian?) variant of *iuwa, from Proto-West Germanic *iuwar, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Doublet of uw.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "jouwe",
      "tags": [
        "independent",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "form je",
      "tags": [
        "contracted"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'k",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "m'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "me",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jouws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ge",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uwer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uws",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "formal",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "z'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "h'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "d'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "h'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "d'r",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hare",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "harer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "'t",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijn",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "z'n",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zijns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "singular",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "objective",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "singular",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "huns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "we",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onzer",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "onzes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jullie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "je",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ge",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "dialectal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjective",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "u",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uw",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "stressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zij",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "subjective",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "subjective",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ze",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "objective",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "stressed",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "third-person",
        "unstressed"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunne",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zich",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "predicative",
        "reflexive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hunner",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "huns",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "genitive",
        "predicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "determiner",
        "3": "dependent possessive, independent possessive",
        "4": "jouwe",
        "5": "contracted form",
        "6": "je"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw (dependent possessive, independent possessive jouwe, contracted form je)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "det",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "your; second-person singular possessive determiner"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "your",
          "your"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "dependent",
        "possessive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch interjections",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch possessive determiners",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch uncountable nouns",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "interjection"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "intj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Expression of scorn."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch interjections",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch possessive determiners",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch uncountable nouns",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "jouwen"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw m (uncountable, no diminutive)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "a jeer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jeer",
          "jeer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "no-diminutive",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch possessive determiners",
    "Dutch terms with homophones",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɑu̯/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "jouw",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "jouw"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "jouwen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of jouwen:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jouwen",
          "jouwen#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jɑu̯/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-jouw.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg/Nl-jouw.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/Nl-jouw.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɑu̯"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "jou"
    }
  ],
  "word": "jouw"
}

Download raw JSONL data for jouw meaning in Dutch (20.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '3rd person gender-neutral'",
  "path": [
    "jouw"
  ],
  "section": "Dutch",
  "subsection": "determiner",
  "title": "jouw",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.